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Nagaoka T, Matsui Y, Fuki M, Ogaki T, Ohta E, Kobori Y, Ikeda H. Diphenyldihydropentalenediones: Wide Singlet-Triplet Energy Gap Compounds Possessing the Planarly Fixed Diene Subunit. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:40364-40373. [PMID: 36385848 PMCID: PMC9648098 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c05341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
2,2,5,5-Tetramethyl-3,6-diphenyl-2,5-dihydropentalene-1,4-dione (PD-H) and its dimethoxy (PD-OCH3) and bis(trifluoromethyl) derivatives (PD-CF3) were developed as a new class of compounds possessing a wide excited singlet-triplet energy gap. The PD derivatives would also have a high energy level of the triplet-excited state (E T) due to the planarity of the fused-diene subunit. The results of photophysical studies revealed that the energy level of the singlet-excited state (E S) and E T of PD-H are 2.88 and 1.43 eV, respectively. These values indicate that PD-H has the energy relationship, E S > 2E T, required for it to be a singlet fission (SF) material. Moreover, the introduction of electron-donating or -withdrawing groups on the benzene rings in PD-H enables fine-tuning of E S and E T. The results of transient absorption spectroscopic studies show that PD-H, PD-OCH3, and PD-CF3 in CH2Cl2 have respective T1 lifetimes of 71, 118, and 107 μs, which are long enough to utilize its triplet exciton in other optoelectronic systems. These findings suggest that the PDs are potential candidates for SF materials with high E T levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoki Nagaoka
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Nakaku, Sakai, Osaka599-8531, Japan
| | - Yasunori Matsui
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Metropolitan University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Nakaku, Sakai, Osaka599-8531, Japan
- The
Research Institute for Molecular Electronic Devices (RIMED), Osaka Metropolitan University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho,
Nakaku, Sakai, Osaka599-8531, Japan
| | - Masaaki Fuki
- Molecular
Photoscience Research Center, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai-cho, Nada-ku, Kobe, Hyogo657-8501, Japan
| | - Takuya Ogaki
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Metropolitan University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Nakaku, Sakai, Osaka599-8531, Japan
- The
Research Institute for Molecular Electronic Devices (RIMED), Osaka Metropolitan University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho,
Nakaku, Sakai, Osaka599-8531, Japan
| | - Eisuke Ohta
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Nakaku, Sakai, Osaka599-8531, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Kobori
- Molecular
Photoscience Research Center, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai-cho, Nada-ku, Kobe, Hyogo657-8501, Japan
- Graduate
School of Science, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai-cho, Nada-ku, Kobe, Hyogo657-8501, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Ikeda
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Metropolitan University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Nakaku, Sakai, Osaka599-8531, Japan
- The
Research Institute for Molecular Electronic Devices (RIMED), Osaka Metropolitan University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho,
Nakaku, Sakai, Osaka599-8531, Japan
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Kusukawa T, Kannen F, Kojima Y, Yoza K. Crystal Polymorphism-dependent Fluorescence of Fluoroarene-substituted Anthracene Derivatives. CHEM LETT 2021. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.200628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Kusukawa
- Faculty of Molecular Chemistry and Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan
| | - Fumihiro Kannen
- Faculty of Molecular Chemistry and Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan
| | - Yusuke Kojima
- Faculty of Molecular Chemistry and Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan
| | - Kenji Yoza
- Bruker Japan K.K., 3-9 Moriya-cho, Kanagawa-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 221-0022, Japan
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Ohtani S, Takeda Y, Gon M, Tanaka K, Chujo Y. Facile strategy for obtaining luminescent polymorphs based on the chirality of a boron-fused azomethine complex. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:15305-15308. [PMID: 33216068 DOI: 10.1039/d0cc06383e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
A chloro-substituted boron-fused azomethine complex (BAmCl) having a stereogenic boron center was synthesized for obtaining a luminescent chiral crystal. We succeeded in isolating the (R)- and (S)-enantiomers of BAmCl and preparing the homochiral polymorphic crystal, while we obtained the racemic crystal with rac-BAmCl. Single crystal X-ray diffraction analyses suggest that a variety of intermolecular interaction patterns and intrinsic flexibility of the molecular framework should play a significant role in stabilizing the homochiral crystal. We found the difference in molecular arrangements between the racemic and the homochiral crystals, and we observed distinctly different emission colors. In particular, we observed heat-initiated homogeneous racemization without the need for a solvent or catalyst in the molten state of the homochiral crystal (R)-BAmCl. Our results mean that chiral resolution of a flexible fused-skeleton having a stereogenic boron center can be a platform for creating luminescent polymorphic materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunsuke Ohtani
- Department of Polymer Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan.
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Otsuka Y, Li G, Takahashi H, Satoh H, Yamada K. Synthesis of a Fluorescent Solvatochromic Resin Using Suzuki-Miyaura Cross-Coupling and Its Optical Waveguide Spectra to Measure the Solvent Polarity on the Surface. MATERIALS 2020; 13:ma13204483. [PMID: 33050417 PMCID: PMC7599713 DOI: 10.3390/ma13204483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Revised: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
We have established a novel analytical method for solvent polarity on resin surface by combining the synthesis of fluorescent solvatochromic resin with optical waveguide spectrometry. The fluorescent solvatochromic resin was obtained via Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling between 4-iodobenzoic acid immobilized on Wang resin and 5-[4-(N,N-dihexylamino)phenyl]-2-thienylboronic acid N-methyl-iminodiacetic acid (MIDA) ester. The optical waveguide spectrometry studies on the resin showed a strong fluorescent solvatochromism in various organic solvents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Otsuka
- Division of Materials Science, Graduate School of Environmental Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0810, Japan;
| | - Guanglei Li
- School of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Finance & Economic, Nanjing 210023, China;
| | - Hiromi Takahashi
- ATR Scientists Partners Inc., 3-27-13, Maehara, Koganei, Tokyo 184-0013, Japan;
| | - Hisashi Satoh
- Division of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8628, Japan;
| | - Koji Yamada
- Division of Materials Science, Graduate School of Environmental Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0810, Japan;
- Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Environmental Earth Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0810, Japan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-011-706-2254
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Li E, Jie K, Liu M, Sheng X, Zhu W, Huang F. Vapochromic crystals: understanding vapochromism from the perspective of crystal engineering. Chem Soc Rev 2020; 49:1517-1544. [PMID: 32016241 DOI: 10.1039/c9cs00098d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Vapochromic materials, which undergo colour and/or emission changes upon exposure to certain vapours or gases, have received increasing attention recently because of their wide range of applications in, e.g., chemical sensors, light-emitting diodes, and environmental monitors. Vapochromic crystals, as a specific kind of vapochromic materials, can be investigated from the perspective of crystal engineering to understand the mechanism of vapochromism. Moreover, understanding the vapochromism mechanism will be beneficial to design and prepare task-specific vapochromic crystals as one kind of low-cost 'electronic nose' to detect toxic gases or volatile organic compounds. This review provides important information in a broad scientific context to develop new vapochromic materials, which covers organometallic or coordination complexes and organic crystals, as well as the different mechanisms of the related vapochromic behaviour. In addition, recent examples of supramolecular vapochromic crystals and metal-organic-framework (MOFs) vapochromic crystals are introduced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Errui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Center for Chemistry of High-Performance & Novel Materials, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, P. R. China.
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So HS, Matsumoto S. Three differently coloured polymorphs of 3,6-bis(4-chlorophenyl)-2,5-dipropyl-2,5-dihydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole-1,4-dione. ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION B, STRUCTURAL SCIENCE, CRYSTAL ENGINEERING AND MATERIALS 2019; 75:414-422. [PMID: 32830663 PMCID: PMC6549220 DOI: 10.1107/s2052520619004773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2019] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, the conformational polymorphism of a chlorinated diketopyrrolopyrrole (DPP) dye having flexible substituents in a non-hydrogen-bonding system is reported. The propyl-substituted DPP derivative (PR3C) has three polymorphic forms, each showing a different colour (red, orange and yellow). All polymorphs could be obtained concomitantly under various crystallization conditions. The results of the crystal structure analysis indicate that PR3C adopts different conformations in each polymorph. The packing effect caused by the difference in the arrangement of neighbouring molecules was found to play an important role in the occurrence of the observed polymorphism. The thermodynamic stability relationship between the three polymorphs was identified by thermal analysis and indicates that the yellow polymorph is the thermally stable form. The results indicate that the yellow form and orange form are enantiotropically related, and the other polymorph is monotropically related to the others.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hee-Soo So
- Graduate School of Environment and Information Sciences, Yokohama National University, 79-7 Tokiwadai, Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama, 240-8501, Japan
| | - Shinya Matsumoto
- Graduate School of Environment and Information Sciences, Yokohama National University, 79-7 Tokiwadai, Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama, 240-8501, Japan
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