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Tampucci S, Guazzelli L, Burgalassi S, Carpi S, Chetoni P, Mezzetta A, Nieri P, Polini B, Pomelli CS, Terreni E, Monti D. pH-Responsive Nanostructures Based on Surface Active Fatty Acid-Protic Ionic Liquids for Imiquimod Delivery in Skin Cancer Topical Therapy. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:pharmaceutics12111078. [PMID: 33187215 PMCID: PMC7697672 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12111078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
For topical treatment of skin cancer, the design of pH-responsive nanocarriers able to selectively release the drug in the tumor acidic microenvironment represents a reliable option for targeted delivery. In this context, a series of newly synthesized surface-active fatty acid-protic ionic liquids (FA-PILs), based on tetramethylguanidinium cation and different natural hydrophobic fatty acid carboxylates, have been investigated with the aim of developing a pH-sensitive nanostructured drug delivery system for cutaneous administration in the skin cancer therapy. The capability of FA-PILs to arrange in micelles when combined with each other and with the non-ionic surfactant d-α-Tocopherol polyethylene glycol succinate (vitamin E TPGS) as well as their ability to solubilize imiquimod, an immuno-stimulant drug used for the treatment of skin cancerous lesions, have been demonstrated. The FA-PILs-TPGS mixed micelles showed pH-sensitivity, suggesting that the acidic environment of cancer cells can trigger nanostructures’ swelling and collapse with consequent rapid release of imiquimod and drug cytotoxic potential enhancement. The in vitro permeation/penetration study showed that the micellar formulation produced effective imiquimod concentrations into the skin exposed to acid environment, representing a potential efficacious and selective drug delivery system able to trigger the drug release in the tumor tissues, at lower and less irritating drug concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Tampucci
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56127 Pisa, Italy; (S.B.); (S.C.); (P.C.); (A.M.); (P.N.); (B.P.); (C.S.P.); (E.T.); (D.M.)
- Correspondence: (S.T.); (L.G.)
| | - Lorenzo Guazzelli
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56127 Pisa, Italy; (S.B.); (S.C.); (P.C.); (A.M.); (P.N.); (B.P.); (C.S.P.); (E.T.); (D.M.)
- Correspondence: (S.T.); (L.G.)
| | - Susi Burgalassi
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56127 Pisa, Italy; (S.B.); (S.C.); (P.C.); (A.M.); (P.N.); (B.P.); (C.S.P.); (E.T.); (D.M.)
| | - Sara Carpi
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56127 Pisa, Italy; (S.B.); (S.C.); (P.C.); (A.M.); (P.N.); (B.P.); (C.S.P.); (E.T.); (D.M.)
- NEST, Istituto Nanoscienze-CNR and Scuola Normale Superiore, Piazza San Silvestro 12, 56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - Patrizia Chetoni
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56127 Pisa, Italy; (S.B.); (S.C.); (P.C.); (A.M.); (P.N.); (B.P.); (C.S.P.); (E.T.); (D.M.)
| | - Andrea Mezzetta
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56127 Pisa, Italy; (S.B.); (S.C.); (P.C.); (A.M.); (P.N.); (B.P.); (C.S.P.); (E.T.); (D.M.)
| | - Paola Nieri
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56127 Pisa, Italy; (S.B.); (S.C.); (P.C.); (A.M.); (P.N.); (B.P.); (C.S.P.); (E.T.); (D.M.)
| | - Beatrice Polini
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56127 Pisa, Italy; (S.B.); (S.C.); (P.C.); (A.M.); (P.N.); (B.P.); (C.S.P.); (E.T.); (D.M.)
| | - Christian Silvio Pomelli
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56127 Pisa, Italy; (S.B.); (S.C.); (P.C.); (A.M.); (P.N.); (B.P.); (C.S.P.); (E.T.); (D.M.)
| | - Eleonora Terreni
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56127 Pisa, Italy; (S.B.); (S.C.); (P.C.); (A.M.); (P.N.); (B.P.); (C.S.P.); (E.T.); (D.M.)
| | - Daniela Monti
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56127 Pisa, Italy; (S.B.); (S.C.); (P.C.); (A.M.); (P.N.); (B.P.); (C.S.P.); (E.T.); (D.M.)
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Zhang L, Zhang Z, Yuan WL, Zhao N, Zhu QH, He L, Tao GH. Hydrogen-Bonding-Driven Ion-Pair Formation in Protic Ionic Liquid Aqueous Solution. Chemphyschem 2019; 20:3259-3268. [PMID: 31536671 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201900738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Revised: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Protic ionic liquids (PILs) in solution especially in water have attracted more and more attention due to their unique properties. The solvation of PILs in water is important to their properties and applications. To explore the solvation of bio-based PILs in water, acidity of 49 [AA]X amino acid ionic liquids (AAILs) consisting of 7 different cations and 7 different anions was studied as a favorable probe. The pKa values for [AA]X PILs containing same cations were obtained and discussed. The acidity strength of the [AA]X PILs varies with both cation and anion which does not follow the conventional assumption that the acidity for PILs is independent of anions. The acidic discrepancy of [AA]X PILs aqueous solution is probably mediated by the formation of ion pairs according to a revised solvation model of PILs. Quantum-chemistry calculation was employed to unpuzzle anion's different effects on the acid balance of cations where cation-anion hydrogen bonds play an important role. Such difference in acidity allows us to understand the formation of solvated ion pairs. This work provides an insight into the fundamental solvation of PILs from acid perspective and their influence on acidity properties for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhang
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China
| | - Zhang Zhang
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China
| | - Wen-Li Yuan
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China
| | - Nanrong Zhao
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China
| | - Qiu-Hong Zhu
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China
| | - Ling He
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China
| | - Guo-Hong Tao
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China
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Yalcin D, Drummond CJ, Greaves TL. High throughput approach to investigating ternary solvents of aqueous non-stoichiometric protic ionic liquids. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:6810-6827. [PMID: 30534703 DOI: 10.1039/c8cp05894f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The use of ionic liquids (ILs) is limited for many applications due to their cost and/or viscosity. An efficient solution is to make mixtures of ILs with molecular solvents. However, it is well known that there are a large number of possible cation and anion combinations resulting in ILs, and this becomes a vast number when these are then combined with a molecular solvent. Therefore, we need structure-property relationships to design new IL-molecular solvent systems. In this work we have applied high throughput methods to investigate IL containing solutions to provide systematic data of a broad compositional space. We have principally focused on the surface tension, apparent pH and liquid nanostructure to identify potential self-assembly and protein stabilizing ability of solvent systems. Non-stoichiometric and aqueous IL-solvents were prepared in a high-throughput manner based on a deliberate experimental design approach such that 26 samples were prepared for each cation-anion-water combination. A selection of 8 protic ionic liquids (PILs) were used as starting materials, comprising ethanol-, ethyl-, butyl-, and pentylammonium cations combined with formate, acetate and nitrate anions. This resulted in a total of 208 different solvent systems. The measured solvent properties showed different trends in base-rich and acid-rich solvent combinations. Surface tensions of base-rich samples exhibited a relatively linear relationship with increasing excess amine, while acid-rich samples were more dominantly affected by the change in water content. Liquid nanostructure of acid-rich samples was retained upon water dilution, whereas a significant SAXS peak shift towards lower scattering angles was observed in the presence of excess amines, indicating larger nanosized aggregates were forming. The design of experiment approach used here is considered to be applicable to any multi-component solvent compositional space due to its suitability in using small data sets to cover large compositional spaces, and hence can be employed to decrease the time and sample quantities required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dilek Yalcin
- School of Science, College of Science, Engineering and Health, RMIT University, GPO Box 2476, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia.
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Egorova KS, Ananikov VP. Fundamental importance of ionic interactions in the liquid phase: A review of recent studies of ionic liquids in biomedical and pharmaceutical applications. J Mol Liq 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2018.09.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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