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Zhou Z, Wu Y, Bian X, Subotnik JE. Nonadiabatic Dynamics in a Continuous Circularly Polarized Laser Field with Floquet Phase-Space Surface Hopping. J Chem Theory Comput 2023; 19:718-732. [PMID: 36655857 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.2c00948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Nonadiabatic chemical reactions involving continuous circularly polarized light (cw CPL) have not attracted as much attention as dynamics in unpolarized/linearly polarized light. However, including circularly (in contrast to linearly) polarized light allows one to effectively introduce a complex-valued time-dependent Hamiltonian, which offers a new path for control or exploration through the introduction of Berry forces. Here, we investigate several inexpensive semiclassical approaches for modeling such nonadiabatic dynamics in the presence of a time-dependent complex-valued Hamiltonian, beginning with a straightforward instantaneous adiabatic fewest-switches surface hopping (IA-FSSH) approach (where the electronic states depend on position and time), continuing to a standard Floquet fewest switches surface hopping (F-FSSH) approach (where the electronic states depend on position and frequency), and ending with an exotic Floquet phase-space surface hopping (F-PSSH) approach (where the electronic states depend on position, frequency, and momentum). Using a set of model systems with time-dependent complex-valued Hamiltonians, we show that the Floquet phase-space adiabats are the optimal choice of basis as far as accounting for Berry phase effects and delivering accuracy. Thus, the F-PSSH algorithm sets the stage for future modeling of nonadiabatic dynamics under strong externally pumped circular polarization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeyu Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Yanze Wu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Xuezhi Bian
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Joseph Eli Subotnik
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
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2
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Fábri C, Halász GJ, Cederbaum LS, Vibók Á. Signatures of light-induced nonadiabaticity in the field-dressed vibronic spectrum of formaldehyde. J Chem Phys 2021; 154:124308. [PMID: 33810660 DOI: 10.1063/5.0045069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Nonadiabatic coupling is absent between the electronic ground X and first excited (singlet) A states of formaldehyde. As laser fields can induce conical intersections between these two electronic states, formaldehyde is particularly suitable for investigating light-induced nonadiabaticity in a polyatomic molecule. The present work reports on the spectrum induced by light-the so-called field-dressed spectrum-probed by a weak laser pulse. A full-dimensional ab initio approach in the framework of Floquet-state representation is applied. The low-energy spectrum, which without the dressing field would correspond to an infrared vibrational spectrum in the X-state, and the high-energy spectrum, which without the dressing field would correspond to the X → A spectrum, are computed and analyzed. The spectra are shown to be highly sensitive to the frequency of the dressing light allowing one to isolate different nonadiabatic phenomena.
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Affiliation(s)
- Csaba Fábri
- Laboratory of Molecular Structure and Dynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/A, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gábor J Halász
- Department of Information Technology, University of Debrecen, P.O. Box 400, H-4002 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Lorenz S Cederbaum
- Theoretische Chemie, Physikalisch-Chemisches Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 229, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ágnes Vibók
- Department of Theoretical Physics, University of Debrecen, P.O. Box 400, H-4002 Debrecen, Hungary
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3
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Triana JF, Sanz-Vicario JL. Polar diatomic molecules in optical cavities: Photon scaling, rotational effects, and comparison with classical fields. J Chem Phys 2021; 154:094120. [PMID: 33685158 DOI: 10.1063/5.0037995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We address topics related to molecules coupled to quantum radiation. The formalism of light-matter interaction is different for classical and quantum fields, but some analogies remain, such as the formation of light induced crossings. We show that under particular circumstances, the molecular dynamics under quantum or classical fields produce similar results, as long as the radiation is prepared as a Fock state and far from ultra-strong coupling regimes. At this point, the choice of specific initial Fock states is irrelevant since the dynamics scales. However, in realistic multistate molecular systems, radiative scaling may fail due to the presence of simultaneous efficient non-radiative couplings in the dynamics. Polar molecules have permanent dipoles, and within the context of the full quantum Rabi model with a Pauli-Fierz Hamiltonian, they play a crucial role in the polaritonic dynamics since both permanent dipole moments and self-energy terms produce drastic changes on the undressed potential energy surfaces at high coupling strengths. We also gauge the effect of including rotational degrees of freedom in cavity molecular photodynamics. For diatomic molecules, the addition of rotation amounts to transform (both with classical or quantum fields) a light induced crossing into a light induced conical intersection. However, we show that conical intersections due to molecular rotation do not represent the standard properties of well-known efficient intrinsic conical intersections inasmuch they do not enhance the quantum transition rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johan F Triana
- Department of Physics, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Avenida Ecuador 3493, Santiago, Chile
| | - José Luis Sanz-Vicario
- Grupo de Física Atómica y Molecular, Instituto de Física, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Calle 70 No. 52-21, Medellín, Colombia
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Fábri C, Lasorne B, Halász GJ, Cederbaum LS, Vibók Á. Striking Generic Impact of Light-Induced Non-Adiabaticity in Polyatomic Molecules. J Phys Chem Lett 2020; 11:5324-5329. [PMID: 32530631 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.0c01574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Non-adiabaticity, i.e., the effect of mixing electronic states by nuclear motion, is a central phenomenon in molecular science. The strongest nonadiabatic effects arise due to the presence of conical intersections of electronic energy surfaces. These intersections are abundant in polyatomic molecules. Laser light can induce in a controlled manner new conical intersections, called light-induced conical intersections, which lead to strong nonadiabatic effects similar to those of the natural conical intersections. These effects are, however, controllable and may even compete with those of the natural intersections. In this work we show that the standard low-energy vibrational spectrum of the electronic ground state can change dramatically by inducing non-adiabaticity via a light-induced conical intersection. This generic effect is demonstrated for an explicit example by full-dimensional high-level quantum calculations using a pump-probe scheme with a moderate-intensity pump laser and a weak probe laser.
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Affiliation(s)
- Csaba Fábri
- Laboratory of Molecular Structure and Dynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/A, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary
- MTA-ELTE Complex Chemical Systems Research Group, P.O. Box 32, H-1518 Budapest 112, Hungary
| | - Benjamin Lasorne
- Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier (ICGM), Université de Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, F-34095 Montpellier, France
| | - Gábor J Halász
- Department of Information Technology, University of Debrecen, P.O. Box 400, H-4002 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Lorenz S Cederbaum
- Theoretische Chemie, Physikalisch-Chemisches Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 229, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ágnes Vibók
- Department of Theoretical Physics, University of Debrecen, P.O. Box 400, H-4002 Debrecen, Hungary
- ELI-ALPS, ELI-HU Non-Profit Ltd., Dugonics tér 13, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
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Pawlak M, Szidarovszky T, Halász GJ, Vibók Á. Robust field-dressed spectra of diatomics in an optical lattice. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:3715-3723. [PMID: 32003765 DOI: 10.1039/c9cp06587c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The absorption spectra of the cold Na2 molecule dressed by a linearly polarized standing laser wave is investigated with a theoretical model incorporating translational, electronic, vibrational as well as rotational degrees of freedom. In such a situation a light-induced conical intersection (LICI) can be formed (J. Phys. B: At. Mol. Opt. Phys., 2008, 41, 221001). To measure the spectra a weak field is used whose propagation direction is perpendicular to the direction of the dressing field but has identical polarization direction. Although LICIs are present in our model, the simulations demonstrate a very robust absorption spectrum, which is insensitive to the intensity and the wavelength of the dressing field and which does not reflect clear signatures of light-induced nonadiabatic phenomena related to the strong mixing between the electronic, vibrational, rotational and translational motions. However, by widening artificially the very narrow translational energy level gaps, the fingerprint of the LICI appears to some extent in the spectrum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariusz Pawlak
- Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Gagarina 7, 87-100 Toruń, Poland.
| | - Tamás Szidarovszky
- Laboratory of Molecular Structure and Dynamics, Institute of Chemistry, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University and MTA-ELTE Complex Chemical Systems Research Group, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/A, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gábor J Halász
- Department of Information Technology, University of Debrecen, H-4002 Debrecen, PO Box 400, Hungary
| | - Ágnes Vibók
- Department of Theoretical Physics, University of Debrecen, H-4002 Debrecen, PO Box 400, Hungary. and ELI-ALPS, ELI-HU Non-Profit Ltd, H-6720 Szeged, Dugonics tér 13, Hungary
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Pérez-Sánchez JB, Yuen-Zhou J. Polariton Assisted Down-Conversion of Photons via Nonadiabatic Molecular Dynamics: A Molecular Dynamical Casimir Effect. J Phys Chem Lett 2020; 11:152-159. [PMID: 31820998 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.9b02870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Quantum dynamics of the photoisomerization of a single 3,3'-diethyl-2,2'-thiacynine iodide molecule embedded in an optical microcavity was theoretically studied. The molecular model consisting of two electronic states and the reaction coordinate was coupled to a single cavity mode via the quantum Rabi Hamiltonian, and the corresponding time-dependent Schrödinger equation starting with a purely molecular excitation was solved using the Multiconfigurational Time-Dependent Hartree Method (MCTDH). We show that, for single-molecule strong coupling with the photon mode, nonadiabatic molecular dynamics produces mixing of polariton manifolds with differing number of excitations, without the need of counter-rotating light-matter coupling terms. Therefore, an electronic excitation of the molecule at the cis configuration is followed by the generation of two photons in the trans configuration upon isomerization. Conditions for this phenomenon to be operating in the collective strong light-matter coupling regime are discussed and found to be unfeasible for the present system, based on simulations of two molecules inside the microcavity. Yet, our finding suggests a new mechanism that, without ultrastrong coupling, achieves photon down-conversion by exploiting the emergent molecular dynamics arising in polaritonic architectures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan B Pérez-Sánchez
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of California San Diego , La Jolla , California 92093 , United States
| | - Joel Yuen-Zhou
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of California San Diego , La Jolla , California 92093 , United States
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Sun Z, Wang C, Zhao W, Yang C. Mapping of the light-induced conical intersections in the photoelectron spectra of K 2 molecules. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2019; 207:348-353. [PMID: 30268902 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2018.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2018] [Revised: 08/31/2018] [Accepted: 09/08/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In the strong field regime, exploring the physical nature of molecular dynamics is still a challenge due to the dramatic change of molecular potentials. Here, we perform a quantum wave packet study on the pump-probe ionization of K2 molecules and show how the light-induced conical intersections (LICIs) are imprinted into the molecular photoelectron spectra. We demonstrate that the energy and angular distributions of photoelectron spectra provide an accurate mapping of the electronic structure under the influence of the strong laser field. The determination of correct characterization of LICIs can help us to better explore alternative ways to control dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaopeng Sun
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China.
| | - Chunyang Wang
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China
| | - Wenkai Zhao
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China
| | - Chuanlu Yang
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China.
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Sun Z, Wang C, Zhao W, Yang C. Geometric phase effects on photodissociation dynamics of diatomics. J Chem Phys 2018; 149:224307. [PMID: 30553243 DOI: 10.1063/1.5052514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated the effect of the geometric phase (GP) on photodissociation dynamics at a light-induced conical intersection (LICI) through exact quantum dynamical calculations. By taking the one-photon photodissociation of H 2 + ionic molecules as an example, we explored the conditions wherein the LICI associated GP affects dissociation dynamics. We found that GP leads to a phase shift between the angular distributions of GP included and GP excluded photofragments. This effect is more pronounced when the energy of the initial vibrational level is above the energy of the LICI point.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaopeng Sun
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China
| | - Chunyang Wang
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China
| | - Wenkai Zhao
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China
| | - Chuanlu Yang
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China
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Badankó P, Halász GJ, Cederbaum LS, Vibók Á, Csehi A. Communication: Substantial impact of the orientation of transition dipole moments on the dynamics of diatomics in laser fields. J Chem Phys 2018; 149:181101. [PMID: 30441912 DOI: 10.1063/1.5054775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The formation of light-induced conical intersections (LICIs) between electronic states of diatomic molecules has been thoroughly investigated over the past decade. In the case of running laser waves, the rotational, vibrational, and electronic motions couple via the LICI giving rise to strong nonadiabatic phenomena. In contrast to natural conical intersections (CIs) which are given by nature and hard to manipulate, the characteristics of LICIs are easily modified by the parameters of the laser field. The internuclear position of the created LICI is determined by the laser energy, while the angular position is given by the orientation of the transition dipole moment (TDM) with respect to the molecular axis. In the present communication, using MgH+ as a showcase example, we exploit the strong impact of the orientation of the TDMs exerted on the light-induced nonadiabatic dynamics. Comparing the photodissociations induced by parallel or perpendicular transitions, a clear signature of the created LICIs is revealed in the angular distribution of the photofragments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Péter Badankó
- Department of Theoretical Physics, University of Debrecen, P.O. Box 400, H-4002 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Gábor J Halász
- Department of Information Technology, University of Debrecen, P.O. Box 400, H-4002 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Lorenz S Cederbaum
- Theoretical Chemistry, Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Heidelberg, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ágnes Vibók
- Department of Theoretical Physics, University of Debrecen, P.O. Box 400, H-4002 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - András Csehi
- Department of Theoretical Physics, University of Debrecen, P.O. Box 400, H-4002 Debrecen, Hungary
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Tóth A, Badankó P, Halász GJ, Vibók Á, Csehi A. Importance of the lowest-lying Π electronic state in the photodissociation dynamics of LiF. Chem Phys 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphys.2018.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Csehi A, Halász GJ, Vibók Á. Collective effect of light-induced and natural nonadiabatic phenomena in the dissociation dynamics of the NaI molecule. Chem Phys 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphys.2017.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Triana JF, Peláez D, Sanz-Vicario JL. Entangled Photonic-Nuclear Molecular Dynamics of LiF in Quantum Optical Cavities. J Phys Chem A 2018; 122:2266-2278. [PMID: 29338227 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.7b11833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The quantum photodynamics of a simple diatomic molecule with a permanent dipole immersed within an optical cavity containing a quantized radiation field is studied in detail. The chosen molecule under study, lithium fluoride (LiF), is characterized by the presence of an avoided crossing between the two lowest 1Σ potential energy curves (covalent-ionic diabatic crossing). Without field, after prompt excitation from the ground state 1 1Σ, the excited nuclear wave packet moves back and forth in the upper 2 1Σ state, but in the proximity of the avoided crossing, the nonadiabatic coupling transfers part of the nuclear wave packet to the lower 1 1Σ state, which eventually leads to dissociation. The quantized field of a cavity also induces an additional light crossing in the modified dressed potential energy curves with similar transfer properties. To understand the entangled photonic-nuclear dynamics, we solve the time-dependent Schrödinger equation by using the multiconfigurational time-dependent Hartree method (MCTDH). The single mode quantized field of the cavity is represented in the coordinate space instead of in the Fock space, which allows us to deal with the field as an additional vibrational mode within the MCTDH procedure on equal footing. We prepare the cavity with different quantum states of light, namely, Fock states, coherent states, and squeezed coherent states. Our results reveal pure quantum light effects on the molecular photodynamics and the dissociation yields of LiF, which are quite different from the light-undressed case and which cannot be described in general by a semiclassical approach using classical electromagnetic fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johan F Triana
- Grupo de Fı́sica Atómica y Molecular, Instituto de Fı́sica, Universidad de Antioquia , AA1226 Medellı́n, Colombia
| | - Daniel Peláez
- Laboratoire de Physique des Lasers, Atomes et Molécules (PhLAM), Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 8523, Université Lille 1 , Bât. P5, 59650 Villeneuve d'Ascq Cedex, France
| | - José Luis Sanz-Vicario
- Grupo de Fı́sica Atómica y Molecular, Instituto de Fı́sica, Universidad de Antioquia , AA1226 Medellı́n, Colombia
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