1
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Kumar R, Zhu Q. Dynamic density functional theory of polymers with salt in electric fields. J Chem Phys 2024; 161:104902. [PMID: 39254960 DOI: 10.1063/5.0222997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2024] [Accepted: 08/22/2024] [Indexed: 09/11/2024] Open
Abstract
We present a dynamic density functional theory for modeling the effects of applied electric fields on the local structure of polymers with added salt (polymer electrolytes). Time-dependent equations for the local electrostatic potential and volume fractions of polymer, cation, and anion of added salt are developed using the principles of linear irreversible thermodynamics. For such a development, a field theoretic description of the free energy of polymer melts doped with salts is used, which captures the effects of local variations in the dielectric function. Connections of the dynamic density functional theory with experiments are established by relating the three phenomenological Onsager's transport coefficients of the theory to the mutual diffusion of electrolyte, ionic conductivity, and transference number of one of the ions. The theory is connected with a statistical mechanical model developed by Bearman and Kirkwood [J. Chem. Phys. 28, 136 (1958)] after relating the three transport coefficients to friction coefficients. The steady-state limit of the dynamic density functional theory is used to understand the effects of dielectric inhomogeneity on the phase separation in polymer electrolytes. The theory developed here provides not only a way to connect with experiments but also to develop multi-scale models for studying connections between local structure and ion transport in polymer electrolytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajeev Kumar
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - Qinyu Zhu
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
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2
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Jeddi J, Niskanen J, Lessard BH, Sangoro J. Ion transport in polymerized ionic liquids: a comparison of polycation and polyanion systems. Faraday Discuss 2024. [PMID: 39101858 DOI: 10.1039/d4fd00070f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/06/2024]
Abstract
The correlation among chemical structure, mesoscale structure, and ion transport in 1,2,3-triazole-based polymerized ionic liquids (polyILs) featuring comparable polycation and polyanion backbones is investigated by wide-angle X-ray scattering (WAXS), differential scanning calorimetry, and broadband dielectric spectroscopy (BDS). Above the glass transition temperature, Tg, higher ionic conductivity is observed in polycation polyILs compared to their polyanion counterparts, and ion conduction is enhanced by increasing the counterion volume in both polycation or polyanion polyILs. Below Tg, polyanions show lower activation energy associated with ion conduction. However, the validity of the Barton-Nakajima-Namikawa relation indicates that hopping conduction is the dominant charge transport mechanism in all the polyILs studied. While a significant transition from a Vogel-Fulcher-Tammann to Arrhenius type of thermal activation is observed below Tg, the decoupling index, often used to quantify the extent to which segmental dynamics and ion conduction are correlated, remains unaltered for the polyILs studied, suggesting that this index may not be a general parameter to characterize charge transport in polymerized ionic liquids. Furthermore, detailed analyses of the WAXS results indicate that both the mobile ion type and the structure of the pendant groups control mesoscale organization. These findings are discussed within the framework of recent models, which account for the subtle interplay between electrostatic and elastic forces in determining ion transport in polyILs. The findings demonstrate the intricate balance between the chemical structure and interactions in polyILs that determine ion conduction in this class of polymer electrolytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javad Jeddi
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA.
| | - Jukka Niskanen
- Department of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Aalto University, Kemistintie 1, 02150 Espoo, Finland
| | - Benoît H Lessard
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Ottawa, 161 Louis Pasteur, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada.
- School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Ottawa, 800 King Edward Ave, Ottawa, ON, K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Joshua Sangoro
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA.
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3
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Garcia-Rodriguez JM, Wilker JJ. Positive Charge Influences on the Surface Interactions and Cohesive Bonding of a Catechol-Containing Polymer. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024. [PMID: 38470565 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c16889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
Achieving robust underwater adhesion remains challenging. Through generations of evolution, marine mussels have developed an adhesive system that allows them to anchor onto wet surfaces. Scientists have taken varied approaches to developing mussel-inspired adhesives. Mussel foot proteins are rich in lysine residues, which may play a role in the removal of salts from surfaces. Displacement of water and ions on substrates could then enable molecular contact with surfaces. The necessity of cations for underwater adhesion is still in debate. Here, we examined the performance of a methacrylate polymer containing quaternary ammonium and catechol groups. Varying amounts of charge in the polymers were studied. As opposed to protonated amines such as lysine, quaternary ammonium groups offer a nonreactive cation for isolating effects from only charge. Results shown for dry bonding demonstrated that cations tended to decrease bulk cohesion while increasing surface interactions. Stronger interactions at surfaces, along with weaker bulk bonding, indicate that cations decreased the cohesive forces. When under salt water, overall bulk adhesion also dropped with higher cation loadings. Surface attachment under salt water also dropped, indicating that the polymer cations could not displace surface waters or sodium ions. Salt did, however, appear to shield bulk cation-cation repulsions. These studies help to distinguish influences upon bulk cohesion from attachment at surfaces. The roles of cations in adhesion are complex, with both cohesive and surface bonding being relevant in different ways, sometimes even working in opposite directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer M Garcia-Rodriguez
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, 560 Oval Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-2084, United States
| | - Jonathan J Wilker
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, 560 Oval Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-2084, United States
- School of Materials Engineering, Purdue University, 701 W. Stadium Avenue, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-2045, United States
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4
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Ghosh S, Kundagrami A. Effect of counterion size on polyelectrolyte conformations and thermodynamics. J Chem Phys 2024; 160:084909. [PMID: 38421069 DOI: 10.1063/5.0178233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
We present a theoretical model to study the effect of counterion size on the effective charge, size, and thermodynamic behavior of a single, isolated, and flexible polyelectrolyte (PE) chain. We analyze how altering counterion size modifies the energy and entropy contributions to the system, including the ion-pair free energy, excluded volume interactions, entropy of free and condensed ions, and dipolar attraction among monomer-counterion pairs, which result in competing effects challenging intuitive predictions. The PE self-energy is calculated using the Edwards-Muthukumar Hamiltonian, considering a Gaussian monomer distribution for the PE. The condensed ions are assumed to be confined within a cylindrical volume around the PE backbone. The dipolar and excluded volume interactions are described by the second and third virial coefficients. The assumption of freely rotating dipoles results in a first-order coil-globule transition of the PE chain. A more realistic, weaker dipolar attraction, parameterized in our theory, shifts it to a second-order continuous transition. We calculate the size scaling-exponent of the PE and find exponents according to the relative dominance of the electrostatic, excluded volume, or dipolar effects. We further identify the entropy- and energy-driven regimes of the effective charge and conformation of the PE, highlighting the interplay of free ion entropy and ion-pair energy with varying electrostatic strengths. The crossover strength, dependent on the counterion size, indicates that diminishing sizes favor counterion condensation at the expense of free ion entropy. The predictions of the model are consistent with trends in simulations and generalize the findings of the point-like counterion theories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Souradeep Ghosh
- Deparment of Physical Sciences and Centre for Advanced Functional Materials, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur 741246, India
| | - Arindam Kundagrami
- Deparment of Physical Sciences and Centre for Advanced Functional Materials, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur 741246, India
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5
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Biery AR, Knauss DM. Synthesis and properties of cationic multiblock polyaramides and polyimides. JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/pol.20220447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alison R. Biery
- Department of Chemistry Colorado School of Mines Golden Colorado USA
| | - Daniel M. Knauss
- Department of Chemistry Colorado School of Mines Golden Colorado USA
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6
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Karatrantos AV, Khantaveramongkol J, Kröger M. Structure and Diffusion of Ionic PDMS Melts. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:3070. [PMID: 35956584 PMCID: PMC9370667 DOI: 10.3390/polym14153070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 07/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Ionic polymers exhibit mechanical properties that can be widely tuned upon selectively charging them. However, the correlated structural and dynamical properties underlying the microscopic mechanism remain largely unexplored. Here, we investigate, for the first time, the structure and diffusion of randomly and end-functionalized ionic poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) melts with negatively charged bromide counterions, by means of atomistic molecular dynamics using a united atom model. In particular, we find that the density of the ionic PDMS melts exceeds the one of their neutral counterpart and increases as the charge density increases. The counterions are condensed to the cationic part of end-functionalized cationic PDMS chains, especially for the higher molecular weights, leading to a slow diffusion inside the melt; the counterions are also correlated more strongly to each other for the end-functionalized PDMS. Temperature has a weak effect on the counterion structure and leads to an Arrhenius type of behavior for the counterion diffusion coefficient. In addition, the charge density of PDMS chains enhances the diffusion of counterions especially at higher temperatures, but hinders PDMS chain dynamics. Neutral PDMS chains are shown to exhibit faster dynamics (diffusion) than ionic PDMS chains. These findings contribute to the theoretical description of the correlations between structure and dynamical properties of ion-containing polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Argyrios V. Karatrantos
- Materials Research and Technology, Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology, 5, Avenue des Hauts-Fourneaux, L-4362 Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg;
| | - Jettawat Khantaveramongkol
- Materials Research and Technology, Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology, 5, Avenue des Hauts-Fourneaux, L-4362 Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg;
| | - Martin Kröger
- Polymer Physics, Department of Materials, ETH Zurich, Leopold-Ruzicka-Weg 4, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
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7
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Loaiza LC, Johansson P. Li‐salt Doped Single‐ion Conducting Polymer Electrolytes for Lithium Battery Application. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.202100419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Laura C. Loaiza
- Department of Physics Chalmers University of Technology Göteborg SE‐41296 SWEDEN
| | - Patrik Johansson
- Department of Physics Chalmers University of Technology Göteborg SE‐41296 SWEDEN
- ALISTORE‐European Research Institute FR CNRS 3104, Hub de I'Energie, 15 Rue Baudelocque Amiens 80039 FRANCE
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8
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Yang Z, Xu X, Xu WS. Influence of Ionic Interaction Strength on Glass Formation of an Ion-Containing Polymer Melt. Macromolecules 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c01719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhenyue Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, P. R. China
| | - Xiaolei Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, P. R. China
| | - Wen-Sheng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, P. R. China
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9
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Li W, Olvera de la Cruz M. Glass transition of ion-containing polymer melts in bulk and thin films. SOFT MATTER 2021; 17:8420-8433. [PMID: 34542131 DOI: 10.1039/d1sm01098k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Ion-containing polymers often are good glass formers, and the glass transition temperature is an important parameter to consider for practical applications, which prescribes the working temperature range for different mechanical and dynamic properties. In this work, we present a systematic molecular dynamics simulation study on the coupling of ionic correlations with the glass transition, based on a generic coarse-grained model of ionic polymers. The variation of the glass transition temperature is examined concerning the influence of the electrostatic interaction strength, charge fraction, and charge sequence. The interplay with the film thickness effect is also discussed. Our results reveal a few typical features about the glass transition process that are in qualitative agreement with previous studies, further highlighting the effects of counterion entropy at weak ionic correlations and physical crosslinking of ionic aggregates at strong ionic correlations. Detailed parametric dependencies are displayed, which demonstrate that introducing strong ionic correlations promotes vitrification while adopting a precise charge sequence and applying strong confinement with weak surface affinity reduce the glass transition temperature. Overall, our investigation provides an improved picture towards a comprehensive understanding of the glass transition in ion-containing polymeric systems from a molecular simulation perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Li
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA.
| | - Monica Olvera de la Cruz
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA.
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
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10
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Huang J, Wróblewska AA, Steinkoenig J, Maes S, Du Prez FE. Assembling Lipoic Acid and Nanoclay into Nacre-Mimetic Nanocomposites. Macromolecules 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c00281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Huang
- Polymer Chemistry Research group, Centre of Macromolecular Chemistry (CMaC), Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281 S4-bis, Ghent B-9000, Belgium
- Department of Polymer Materials and Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Aleksandra Alicja Wróblewska
- Polymer Chemistry Research group, Centre of Macromolecular Chemistry (CMaC), Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281 S4-bis, Ghent B-9000, Belgium
| | - Jan Steinkoenig
- Polymer Chemistry Research group, Centre of Macromolecular Chemistry (CMaC), Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281 S4-bis, Ghent B-9000, Belgium
| | - Stephan Maes
- Polymer Chemistry Research group, Centre of Macromolecular Chemistry (CMaC), Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281 S4-bis, Ghent B-9000, Belgium
| | - Filip E. Du Prez
- Polymer Chemistry Research group, Centre of Macromolecular Chemistry (CMaC), Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281 S4-bis, Ghent B-9000, Belgium
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11
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Shen KH, Fan M, Hall LM. Molecular Dynamics Simulations of Ion-Containing Polymers Using Generic Coarse-Grained Models. Macromolecules 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.0c02557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kuan-Hsuan Shen
- William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Mengdi Fan
- William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Lisa M. Hall
- William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
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12
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Ma M, Fu Y. A Molecular Dynamics Study of the Mechanical Properties of Ionic Copolymers during Tension–Recovery Deformation. MACROMOL THEOR SIMUL 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/mats.202000081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mengze Ma
- Department of Aerospace Engineering and Engineering Mechanics University of Cincinnati Cincinnati OH 45221 USA
| | - Yao Fu
- Department of Aerospace Engineering and Engineering Mechanics University of Cincinnati Cincinnati OH 45221 USA
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13
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Wheatle BK, Fuentes EF, Lynd NA, Ganesan V. Design of Polymer Blend Electrolytes through a Machine Learning Approach. Macromolecules 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.0c01547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Bill K. Wheatle
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin 78712, Texas, United States
| | - Erick F. Fuentes
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin 78712, Texas, United States
| | - Nathaniel A. Lynd
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin 78712, Texas, United States
| | - Venkat Ganesan
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin 78712, Texas, United States
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14
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Affiliation(s)
- J. S. Kłos
- Faculty of Physics, A. Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 2, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
- Leibniz Institute of Polymer Research Dresden e.V., 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - J. Paturej
- Institute of Physics, University of Silesia, 75 Pułku Piechoty 1, 41-500 Chorzów, Poland and
- Leibniz Institute of Polymer Research Dresden e.V., 01069 Dresden, Germany
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15
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Structural and Mechanical Properties of Ionic Di-block Copolymers via a Molecular Dynamics Approach. Polymers (Basel) 2019; 11:polym11101546. [PMID: 31547576 PMCID: PMC6835995 DOI: 10.3390/polym11101546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2019] [Revised: 09/15/2019] [Accepted: 09/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Polymerized ionic copolymers have recently evolved as a new class of materials to overcome the limited range of mechanical properties of ionic homopolymers. In this paper, we investigate the structural and mechanical properties of charged ionic homopolymers and di-block copolymers, while using coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulation. Tensile and compressive deformation are applied to the homopolymers and copolymers in the glassy state. The effect of charge ratio and loading direction on the stress-strain behavior are studied. It is found that the electrostatic interactions among charged pairs play major roles, as evidenced by increased Young’s modulus and yield strength with charge ratio. Increased charge ratio lead to enhanced stress contribution from both bonding and pairwise (Van der Waals + coulombic) interaction. The increase in the gyration of the radius is observed with increasing charge ratio in homopolymers, yet a reversed tendency is observed in copolymers. Introduced charge pairs leads to an increased randomness in the segmental orientation in copolymers.
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16
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Affiliation(s)
- Santosh Mogurampelly
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
- Institute for
Computational Molecular Science (ICMS) and Temple Materials Institute
(TMI), 1925 North 12th St., Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, United States
| | - Venkat Ganesan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
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17
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Stacy EW, Gainaru CP, Gobet M, Wojnarowska Z, Bocharova V, Greenbaum SG, Sokolov AP. Fundamental Limitations of Ionic Conductivity in Polymerized Ionic Liquids. Macromolecules 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.8b01221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Catalin P. Gainaru
- Fakultät Physik, Technische Universität Dortmund, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Mallory Gobet
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Hunter College of The City University of New York, New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - Zaneta Wojnarowska
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
- Institute of Physics, University of Silesia, SMCEBI, 75 Pulku Piechoty 1A, 41-500 Chorzow, Poland
| | - Vera Bocharova
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Steven G. Greenbaum
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Hunter College of The City University of New York, New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - Alexei P. Sokolov
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
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18
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Karatrantos A, Koutsawa Y, Dubois P, Clarke N, Kröger M. Miscibility and Nanoparticle Diffusion in Ionic Nanocomposites. Polymers (Basel) 2018; 10:E1010. [PMID: 30960935 PMCID: PMC6403637 DOI: 10.3390/polym10091010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2018] [Revised: 08/31/2018] [Accepted: 09/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigate the effect of various spherical nanoparticles in a polymer matrix on dispersion, chain dimensions and entanglements for ionic nanocomposites at dilute and high nanoparticle loading by means of molecular dynamics simulations. The nanoparticle dispersion can be achieved in oligomer matrices due to the presence of electrostatic interactions. We show that the overall configuration of ionic oligomer chains, as characterized by their radii of gyration, can be perturbed at dilute nanoparticle loading by the presence of charged nanoparticles. In addition, the nanoparticle's diffusivity is reduced due to the electrostatic interactions, in comparison to conventional nanocomposites where the electrostatic interaction is absent. The charged nanoparticles are found to move by a hopping mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Argyrios Karatrantos
- Materials Research and Technology, Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology, 5, Avenue des Hauts-Fourneaux, L-4362 Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg.
| | - Yao Koutsawa
- Materials Research and Technology, Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology, 5, Avenue des Hauts-Fourneaux, L-4362 Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg.
| | - Philippe Dubois
- Center of Innovation and Research in Materials and Polymers (CIRMAP), Laboratory of Polymeric and Composite Materials, University of Mons & Materia Nova Research Centre, Place du Parc 20, B-7000 Mons, Belgium.
| | - Nigel Clarke
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7RH, UK.
| | - Martin Kröger
- Polymer Physics, Department of Materials, ETH Zurich, Leopold-Ruzicka-Weg 4, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland.
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19
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Matsumoto A, Iacob C, Noda T, Urakawa O, Runt J, Inoue T. Introducing Large Counteranions Enhances the Elastic Modulus of Imidazolium-Based Polymerized Ionic Liquids. Macromolecules 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.8b00312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Matsumoto
- Department of Macromolecular Science, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1
Machikaneyama-cho, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
| | - Ciprian Iacob
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Takeru Noda
- Department of Macromolecular Science, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1
Machikaneyama-cho, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
| | - Osamu Urakawa
- Department of Macromolecular Science, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1
Machikaneyama-cho, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
| | - James Runt
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Tadashi Inoue
- Department of Macromolecular Science, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1
Machikaneyama-cho, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
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20
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Chen M, Dugger JW, Li X, Wang Y, Kumar R, Meek KM, Uhrig DW, Browning JF, Madsen LA, Long TE, Lokitz BS. Polymerized ionic liquids: Effects of counter-anions on ion conduction and polymerization kinetics. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.29015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mingtao Chen
- Department of Chemistry; Virginia Tech; Blacksburg Virginia 24061
- Macromolecules Innovation Institute (MII), Virginia Tech; Blacksburg Virginia 24061
| | - Jason W. Dugger
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences; Oak Ridge National Laboratory; Oak Ridge Tennessee 37831
| | - Xiuli Li
- Department of Chemistry; Virginia Tech; Blacksburg Virginia 24061
- Macromolecules Innovation Institute (MII), Virginia Tech; Blacksburg Virginia 24061
| | - Yangyang Wang
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences; Oak Ridge National Laboratory; Oak Ridge Tennessee 37831
| | - Rajeev Kumar
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences; Oak Ridge National Laboratory; Oak Ridge Tennessee 37831
- Computational Sciences and Engineering Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory; Oak Ridge; Tennessee 37831
| | - Kelly M. Meek
- Materials Science and Technology Division; Oak Ridge National Laboratory; Oak Ridge Tennessee 37831
| | - David W. Uhrig
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences; Oak Ridge National Laboratory; Oak Ridge Tennessee 37831
| | - James F. Browning
- Neutron Scattering Division; Oak Ridge National Laboratory; Oak Ridge Tennessee 37831
| | - Louis A. Madsen
- Department of Chemistry; Virginia Tech; Blacksburg Virginia 24061
- Macromolecules Innovation Institute (MII), Virginia Tech; Blacksburg Virginia 24061
| | - Timothy E. Long
- Department of Chemistry; Virginia Tech; Blacksburg Virginia 24061
- Macromolecules Innovation Institute (MII), Virginia Tech; Blacksburg Virginia 24061
| | - Bradley S. Lokitz
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences; Oak Ridge National Laboratory; Oak Ridge Tennessee 37831
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Bocharova V, Wojnarowska Z, Cao PF, Fu Y, Kumar R, Li B, Novikov VN, Zhao S, Kisliuk A, Saito T, Mays JW, Sumpter B, Sokolov AP. Influence of Chain Rigidity and Dielectric Constant on the Glass Transition Temperature in Polymerized Ionic Liquids. J Phys Chem B 2017; 121:11511-11519. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.7b09423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- V. Bocharova
- Chemical
Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Z. Wojnarowska
- Chemical
Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
- Institute of Physics, University of Silesia, Uniwersytecka 4, 40-007 Katowice, Poland
- Silesian Center for Education and Interdisciplinary Research, 75 Pulku Piechoty 1A, 41-500 Chorzow, Poland
| | - Peng-Fei Cao
- Chemical
Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Y. Fu
- Department of Aerospace Engineering & Engineering Mechanics, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45220, United States
| | - R. Kumar
- Center
for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge Tennessee 37831, United States
- Computational Sciences & Engineering Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Bingrui Li
- Chemical
Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - V. N. Novikov
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - S. Zhao
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - A. Kisliuk
- Chemical
Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - T. Saito
- Chemical
Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Jimmy W. Mays
- Chemical
Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - B.G. Sumpter
- Center
for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge Tennessee 37831, United States
- Computational Sciences & Engineering Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - A. P. Sokolov
- Chemical
Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
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