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Theoretical study of the side reactions of ethanol-to-butadiene conversion on MgO catalyst: formation of diethyl ether, ethyl acetal, 1,3-butanediol, methyl ethyl ketone, n-butanol, butanal, and acetone. Theor Chem Acc 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s00214-022-02927-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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2
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Novel Pd/Al2O3–CeO2 Nanosheets for One-Pot Synthesis of Methyl Isobutyl Ketone from Acetone. Catal Letters 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10562-022-03991-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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3
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Coutinho ND, Machado HG, Carvalho-Silva VH, da Silva WA. Topography of the free energy landscape of Claisen-Schmidt condensation: solvent and temperature effects on the rate-controlling step. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:6738-6745. [PMID: 33710206 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp05659f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies have found that hydroxide elimination and the C[double bond, length as m-dash]C bond formation step in base-promoted aldol condensation have a strong influence on the overall rate of the reaction, in contrast to the well-accepted first enolization or C-C bond formation step. Here, applying theoretical models to the prototypical reaction of chalcone formation, the complete free energy profile of Claisen-Schmidt condensation is assessed, revealing how a protic solvent and a slight increase in temperature can induce the second enolization as the rate-controlling step (RCS). It is also observed: i) the nonexistence of a step with a much higher energetic barrier than the others, making the concept of RCS debatable; and ii) that the overall inverse kinetic isotopic effect does not exclude second enolization as a RCS in protic continuum medium. We expect that these results can expand the understanding of the decisive role of physicochemical factors on the choose of the RCS in the aldol condensation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nayara Dantas Coutinho
- Laboratory of Bioactive Compounds Synthesis N.T.S., University of Brasilia (IQ-UnB), Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro, Brasília, DF, Brazil.
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Li F, Wang B, Chen X, Fan H, Yang X, Guo Q. Low-Temperature Aldol Condensation of Aldehydes on R-TiO 2(100)-(1 × 1): Exceptional Selectivity for α,β-Unsaturated Enal Production. J Phys Chem Lett 2021; 12:1708-1717. [PMID: 33561346 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.0c03801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Selective C-C coupling of oxygenates via aldol condensation has the potential to produce useful chemicals from aldehydes and ketones. Here we report a combined experimental and theoretical study on the aldol condensation of unbranched aldehydes (CnH2n+1-CHO, n = 1-4) on rutile (R)-TiO2(100)-(1 × 1). Experimental results show that the R-TiO2(100)-(1 × 1) surface has a very high reactivity and selectivity for aldol product formation from tested aldehydes at room temperature. Theoretical calculations indicate that the CH3CHO enolization and the aldol dehydration occur with low energy barriers, and the 3-butanolal intermediate adsorbs on R-TiO2(100)-(1 × 1) stably, suggesting that the surface has a "modest" acid-base strength for efficient crotonaldehyde formation. The adsorption configuration of CH3CHO and surface structure of R-TiO2(100)-(1 × 1) may contribute to the exclusive selectivity of (E)-crotonaldehyde formation, which provides us a deep insight into the high selectivity of aldol condensation of aldehydes on the TiO2 catalyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangliang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, P.R. China
- Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, P.R. China
| | - Binli Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, P.R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 A Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing 100049, P.R. China
| | - Xiao Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, P.R. China
| | - Hongjun Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, P.R. China
| | - Xueming Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, P.R. China
- Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, P.R. China
| | - Qing Guo
- Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, P.R. China
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5
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Kayanuma M, Shinke Y, Miyazawa T, Fujitani T, Choe YK. Theoretical study of the side reactions of the catalytic conversion of ethanol to butadiene on metal oxide catalysts. CATAL COMMUN 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.catcom.2020.106239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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6
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Boje A, Taifan WE, Ström H, Bučko T, Baltrusaitis J, Hellman A. First-principles-informed energy span and microkinetic analysis of ethanol catalytic conversion to 1,3-butadiene on MgO. Catal Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1cy00419k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
First-principles-informed models elucidate the impact of energetic and kinetic limitations on selectivity and activity of ethanol conversion to 1,3-butadiene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Astrid Boje
- Department of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, 412 96 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - William E. Taifan
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Lehigh University, B336 Iacocca Hall, 111 Research Drive, Bethlehem, PA 18015, USA
| | - Henrik Ström
- Department of Mechanics and Maritime Sciences, Chalmers University of Technology, 412 96 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Tomáš Bučko
- Department of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Ilkovičova 6, SK-84215, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, SK-84236 Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Jonas Baltrusaitis
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Lehigh University, B336 Iacocca Hall, 111 Research Drive, Bethlehem, PA 18015, USA
| | - Anders Hellman
- Department of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, 412 96 Göteborg, Sweden
- Competence Centre for Catalysis, Chalmers University of Technology, 412 96 Göteborg, Sweden
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Bin Samsudin I, Zhang H, Jaenicke S, Chuah GK. Recent Advances in Catalysts for the Conversion of Ethanol to Butadiene. Chem Asian J 2020; 15:4199-4214. [PMID: 33073524 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202001023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Revised: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Butadiene is an important monomer for synthetic rubbers. Currently, the annual demand of ∼16 million tonnes is satisfied by butadiene produced as a byproduct of steam naphtha cracking where ethylene and propylene are the main products. The availability of large amounts of shale gas and condensates in the USA since about 2008 has led to a change in the cracker feed from naphtha to ethane and propane, affecting the amount of butadiene obtained. This has provided the impetus to look into direct processes for butadiene production. One option is the eco-friendly conversion of (bio) ethanol to butadiene (ETB). This process had been developed in the 1930s in the then Soviet Union. It was operated on a large scale in USA during World War II but has since been abandoned in favour of petroleum-based processes. The current trend, driven both by the availability of the raw material and ecological considerations, may make this process feasible again, particularly if the catalytic systems can be improved. This critical review discusses recent catalysts for the ETB process with special focus on the development since 2014, benchmarking them against earlier systems with a large database of operational experience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ismail Bin Samsudin
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Kent Ridge, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
| | - Hongwei Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Kent Ridge, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
| | - Stephan Jaenicke
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Kent Ridge, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
| | - Gaik-Khuan Chuah
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Kent Ridge, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
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Akhade SA, Winkelman A, Lebarbier Dagle V, Kovarik L, Yuk SF, Lee MS, Zhang J, Padmaperuma AB, Dagle RA, Glezakou VA, Wang Y, Rousseau R. Influence of Ag metal dispersion on the thermal conversion of ethanol to butadiene over Ag-ZrO2/SiO2 catalysts. J Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2020.03.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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10
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Lusardi M, Struble T, Teixeira AR, Jensen KF. Identifying the roles of acid–base sites in formation pathways of tolualdehydes from acetaldehyde over MgO-based catalysts. Catal Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cy01927h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Basic (M–O)-type centers convert C4 intermediates to renewable xylene analogs and proximal acid sites tune isomeric selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcella Lusardi
- Materials Science and Engineering
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology
- Cambridge
- 02139 USA
| | - Thomas Struble
- Chemical Engineering
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology
- Cambridge
- 02139 USA
| | | | - Klavs F. Jensen
- Materials Science and Engineering
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology
- Cambridge
- 02139 USA
- Chemical Engineering
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Pomalaza G, Arango Ponton P, Capron M, Dumeignil F. Ethanol-to-butadiene: the reaction and its catalysts. Catal Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cy00784f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Catalytic conversion of ethanol is a promising technology for producing sustainable butadiene. This paper reviews the reaction and its catalysts, and discusses the challenges their development faces.
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Study of Ethanol/Acetaldehyde to 1,3-Butadiene Over MgO–SiO2 Catalyst: Comparative Investigation of Deactivation Behaviour Due to Carbon Deposition. Catal Letters 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s10562-019-03049-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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13
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Element Effects on High-Entropy Alloy Vacancy and Heterogeneous Lattice Distortion Subjected to Quasi-equilibrium Heating. Sci Rep 2019; 9:14788. [PMID: 31616021 PMCID: PMC6794270 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-51297-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2019] [Accepted: 09/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
We applied Simmons–Balluffi methods, positron measurements, and neutron diffraction to estimate the vacancy of CoCrFeNi and CoCrFeMnNi high-entropy alloys (HEAs) using Cu as a benchmark. The corresponding formation enthalpies and associated entropies of the HEAs and Cu were calculated. The vacancy-dependent effective free volumes in both CoCrFeNi and CoCrFeMnNi alloys are greater than those in Cu, implying the easier formation of vacancies by lattice structure relaxation of HEAs at elevated temperatures. Spatially resolved synchrotron X-ray measurements revealed different characteristics of CoCrFeNi and CoCrFeMnNi HEAs subjected to quasi-equilibrium conditions at high temperatures. Element-dependent behavior revealed by X-ray fluorescence (XRF) mapping indicates the effect of Mn on the Cantor Alloy.
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Taifan WE, Li Y, Baltrus JP, Zhang L, Frenkel AI, Baltrusaitis J. Operando Structure Determination of Cu and Zn on Supported MgO/SiO2 Catalysts during Ethanol Conversion to 1,3-Butadiene. ACS Catal 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.8b03515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- William E. Taifan
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Lehigh University, B336 Iacocca Hall, 111 Research Drive, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015, United States
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- Department of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, United States
| | - John P. Baltrus
- National Energy Technology Laboratory, U.S. Department of Energy, 626 Cochrans Mill Road, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15236, United States
| | - Lihua Zhang
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Center for Functional Nanomaterials, Upton, New York 11973, United States
| | - Anatoly I. Frenkel
- Department of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, United States
- Division of Chemistry, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, United States
| | - Jonas Baltrusaitis
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Lehigh University, B336 Iacocca Hall, 111 Research Drive, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015, United States
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