1
|
Trân HQ, Kawano S, Thielemann RE, Tanaka K, Ravoo BJ. Calamitic Liquid Crystals for Reversible Light-Modulated Phase Regulation Based on Arylazopyrazole Photoswitches. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202302958. [PMID: 37944022 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202302958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
The design of responsive liquid crystals enables a diversity of technological applications. Especially photochromic liquid crystals gained a lot of interest in recent years due to the excellent spatiotemporal control of their phase transitions. In this work we present calamitic light responsive mesogens based on a library of arylazopyrazole photoswitches. These compounds show liquid-crystalline behavior as shown by differential scanning calorimetry, grazing incidence X-ray diffraction and polarized optical microscopy. UV-vis spectroscopy and NMR analysis confirmed the excellent photophysical properties in solution and thin film. Additionally, polarized optical microscopy studies of the pristine compounds show reversible phase transition upon irradiation with light. Moreover, as a dopant in the commercially available liquid crystal 4-cyano-4'-pentylbiphenyl (5CB), the temperature range was reduced to ambient temperatures while preserving the photophysical properties. Remarkably, this co-assembled system shows reversible liquid-crystalline to isotropic phase transition upon irradiation with light of different wavelengths. The spatiotemporal control of the phase transition of the liquid crystals offers opportunities in the development of optical devices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hoàn Quân Trân
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut and Center for Soft Nanoscience, Universität Münster, Correnstrasse 36, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Shinichiro Kawano
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, 464-8602, Japan
| | - Rebecca E Thielemann
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut and Center for Soft Nanoscience, Universität Münster, Correnstrasse 36, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Kentaro Tanaka
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, 464-8602, Japan
| | - Bart Jan Ravoo
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut and Center for Soft Nanoscience, Universität Münster, Correnstrasse 36, 48149, Münster, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Gajardo G, Córdoba A, Forero A, Fuentealba D, Ramírez O, Bonardd S, Toro-Labbé A, Leiva A, Díaz DD, Saldías C. Photoswitching/back-switching assessment of biobased cellulose acetate/azobenzene handleable films under visible-light LED irradiation. Int J Biol Macromol 2023:124883. [PMID: 37201890 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.124883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The light-induced processes performed by photofunctional polymer films are crucial aspects of developing integrated energy storage devices properly. Herein, we report the preparation, characterization, and study of the optical properties of a series of biobased cellulose acetate/azobenzene (CA/Az1) handleable films at different compositions. The photoswitching/back-switching behavior of the samples was investigated using varied LED irradiation sources. Additionally, poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) was deposited onto cellulose acetate/azobenzene films to study the back-switching process's effect and nature in the fabricated films. Interestingly, the melting enthalpies of PEG before and after being irradiated with blue LED light were 2.5 mJ and 0.8 mJ, respectively. Conveniently, FTIR and UV-visible spectroscopy, thermogravimetry (TGA), contact angle, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), polarized light microscopy (PLM), and atomic force microscopy (AFM) were used for the characterization of the sample films. Complementarily, theoretical electronic calculations provided a consistent approach to the energetic change in the dihedral angles and non-covalent interaction for the trans and cis isomer in the presence of cellulose acetate monomer. The results of this study revealed that CA/Az1 films are viable photoactive materials displaying handleability attributes with potential uses in harvesting, converting, and storing light energy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G Gajardo
- Departamento de Química Física, Facultad de Química y Farmacia, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Macul, 7820436 Santiago, Chile
| | - A Córdoba
- Departamento de Química Física, Facultad de Química y Farmacia, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Macul, 7820436 Santiago, Chile
| | - A Forero
- Departamento de Química Física, Facultad de Química y Farmacia, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Macul, 7820436 Santiago, Chile
| | - D Fuentealba
- Departamento de Química Física, Facultad de Química y Farmacia, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Macul, 7820436 Santiago, Chile
| | - O Ramírez
- Departamento de Química Física, Facultad de Química y Farmacia, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Macul, 7820436 Santiago, Chile; Instituto Universitario de Bio-Organica Antonio Gonzalez, Universidad de La Laguna, Avda. Astrofísico Francisco Sanchez 2, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain; Departamento de Química Organica, Facultad de Química y de Farmacia, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Macul, 7820436 Santiago, Chile
| | - S Bonardd
- Instituto Universitario de Bio-Organica Antonio Gonzalez, Universidad de La Laguna, Avda. Astrofísico Francisco Sanchez 2, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain; Departamento de Química Organica, Facultad de Química y de Farmacia, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Macul, 7820436 Santiago, Chile
| | - A Toro-Labbé
- Departamento de Química Física, Facultad de Química y Farmacia, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Macul, 7820436 Santiago, Chile
| | - A Leiva
- Departamento de Química Física, Facultad de Química y Farmacia, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Macul, 7820436 Santiago, Chile
| | - D Díaz Díaz
- Instituto Universitario de Bio-Organica Antonio Gonzalez, Universidad de La Laguna, Avda. Astrofísico Francisco Sanchez 2, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain; Departamento de Química Organica, Facultad de Química y de Farmacia, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Macul, 7820436 Santiago, Chile; Institut für Organische Chemie, Universitat Regensburg, Universitatsstr. 31, 93053 Regensburg, Germany.
| | - C Saldías
- Departamento de Química Física, Facultad de Química y Farmacia, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Macul, 7820436 Santiago, Chile.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zhang P, Zhu Y, Li Z, Wang L, Yue C, Lei M, Pu M. Theoretical Study on Photothermal Properties of Azobenzene Sulfonate/Magnesium-Aluminum Hydroxide Composite Dye. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:11596-11606. [PMID: 37008099 PMCID: PMC10061523 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c00791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
The assembly of various azo dyes and pigments with inorganic layered materials could develop new types of intercalation materials. The electronic structures and photothermal properties of composite materials (AbS--LDH) constituted by azobenzene sulfonate anions (AbS-) and Mg-Al layered double hydroxide (LDH) lamella were theoretically studied at the M06-2X/def2-TZVP//M06-2X/6-31G(d,p) level using density functional theory and time-dependent density functional theory. Meanwhile, the influences of LDH lamella on the AbS- in AbS--LDH materials were investigated. The calculated results showed that the addition of LDH lamella could lower the isomerization energy barrier of CAbS- anions (CAbS- stands for cis AbS-). The thermal isomerization mechanisms of AbS--LDH and AbS were related to the conformational change of the azo group, out-of-plane rotation and in-plane inversion. The LDH lamella could reduce the energy gap of the n → π* and π → π* electronic transition and lead to a red-shift in the absorption spectra. When a polar solvent DMSO was applied, the excitation energy of the AbS--LDHs was increased, making its photostability stronger than in nonpolar solvent and solvent-free.
Collapse
|
4
|
Fajiculay E, Hsu C. Noise response in monomolecular closed systems. J CHIN CHEM SOC-TAIP 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/jccs.202200526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Erickson Fajiculay
- Institute of Chemistry Academia Sinica Taipei Taiwan
- Bioinformatics Program, Institute of Statistical Science, Taiwan International Graduate Program Academia Sinica Taipei Taiwan
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Structure Biology National Tsinghua University Hsinchu City Taiwan
| | - Chao‐Ping Hsu
- Institute of Chemistry Academia Sinica Taipei Taiwan
- Bioinformatics Program, Institute of Statistical Science, Taiwan International Graduate Program Academia Sinica Taipei Taiwan
- Physics Division National Center for Theoretical Sciences Taipei Taiwan
- Genome and Systems Biology Degree Program National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Soulé ER. Thermodynamic model of Phase equilibrium and isomerization in photoactive azobenzene-based materials. Chem Phys 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphys.2022.111786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
|
6
|
Synthesis, spectroscopic and computational studies of photochromic azobenzene derivatives with 2-azabicycloalkane scaffold. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2022.119869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|
7
|
Gangwar P, Negi SS, Ramanathan V, Ramachandran CN. Effect of confinement on the electronic and optical properties of azobenzene: cucurbituril as a means of confinement. Mol Phys 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/00268976.2022.2109523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Peaush Gangwar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, India
| | - Saurabh Singh Negi
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, India
| | | | - C. N. Ramachandran
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, India
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Fast E/Z UV-light response T-type photoswitching of phenylene-thienyl imines. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2022.113994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
9
|
Shang C, Xiong Z, Liu S, Yu W. Molecular Dynamics of Azobenzene Polymer with Photoreversible Glass Transition. Macromolecules 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c00073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ce Shang
- Advanced Rheology Institute, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, State Key Laboratory for Metal Matrix Composite Materials, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Zhongqiang Xiong
- Advanced Rheology Institute, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, State Key Laboratory for Metal Matrix Composite Materials, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Sijun Liu
- Advanced Rheology Institute, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, State Key Laboratory for Metal Matrix Composite Materials, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Wei Yu
- Advanced Rheology Institute, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, State Key Laboratory for Metal Matrix Composite Materials, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Soulé ER. Thermodynamic model of phase transitions induced by cis-trans thermal- and photo-isomerization of azobenzenes. Chem Phys Lett 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2022.139503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
11
|
Lee C, Ndaya D, Bosire R, Kim NK, Kasi RM, Osuji CO. Fast Photoswitchable Order-Disorder Transitions in Liquid-Crystalline Block Co-oligomers. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 144:390-399. [PMID: 34962798 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c10256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Optically driven ordering transitions are rarely observed in macromolecular systems, often because of kinetic limitations. Here, we report a series of block co-oligomers (BCOs) that rapidly order and disorder at room temperature in response to optical illumination, and the absence thereof. The system is a triblock where rigid azobenzene (Azo) mesogens are attached to each end of a flexible siloxane chain. UV-induced trans-to-cis Azo isomerization, and vice versa in the absence of UV light, drive disordering and ordering of lamellar superstructures and smectic mesophases, as manifested by liquefaction and solidification of the material, respectively. The impacts of chemical structure on BCO self-assembly and photoswitching kinetics are explored by in situ microscopy and X-ray measurements for different mesogen end groups (NO2 or CN), and different carbon chain lengths (0C or 12C) between the siloxane and the mesogen. The presence of the 12C spacer leads to hierarchical ordering with smectic layers of mesogens existing alongside larger length-scale lamellae, versus only smectic ordering without the spacer. These hierarchically ordered BCOs display highly persistent lamellar sheets that contrast with the tortuous, low-persistence "fingerprint"-type structures seen in conventional block copolymers. The reordering kinetics upon removal of UV illumination are extremely rapid (<5 s). This fast response is due to the electron-withdrawing NO2 and CN, which facilitate cis-to-trans isomerization via thermal relaxation at room temperature without additional stimuli. This work elucidates structure-property relationships in photoswitching BCOs and advances the possibility of developing systems in which ordered nanostructures can be easily optically written and erased.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Changyeon Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Dennis Ndaya
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, United States.,Polymer Program, Institute of Material Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, United States
| | - Reuben Bosire
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, United States.,Polymer Program, Institute of Material Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, United States
| | - Na Kyung Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Rajeswari M Kasi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, United States.,Polymer Program, Institute of Material Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, United States
| | - Chinedum O Osuji
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Blagoeva B, Stoilova A, Dimov D, Yordanov D, Nazarova D, Georgiev A, Antonov L. Tautomeric influence on the photoinduced birefringence of 4-substituted phthalimide 2-hydroxy Schiff bases in PMMA matrix. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2021; 20:687-697. [PMID: 34009634 DOI: 10.1007/s43630-021-00056-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The photoinduced birefringence of two 4-substituted phthalimide 2-hydroxy Schiff bases, containing salicylic (4) and 2-hydroxy-1-naphthyl (5) moieties has been investigated in PMMA matrix. Their optical behaviour as nanocomposite films was revealed by combined use of DFT quantum chemical calculations (in ground and excited state) and experimental optical spectroscopy (UV-Vis and fluorescence). The results have shown that solid-state reversible switching takes place by enol/keto tautomerization and Z/E isomerization. Birefringence study was performed in the PMMA nanocomposite films using pump lasers at λrec = 355 nm and λrec = 442 nm. Fast response time and high stability of anisotropy up to 58% for (4) and 95% for (5) after turning off the excitation laser, was observed, which makes these materials appropriate candidates for cutting-edge optical information technology materials. The possibility for multiple cycles of recording, reading and optical erasure of the photoinduced birefringence at λrec = 442 nm in 5 has been demonstrated. The obtained results have shown that the maximum value of the measured birefringence is close to the anisotropic characteristics of the most frequently used azo materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Blaga Blagoeva
- Institute of Optical Materials and Technologies, Bulgarian Academy of Science, Acad. G. Bonchev avenue, bldg. 109, Sofia, 1113, Bulgaria
| | - Ani Stoilova
- Institute of Optical Materials and Technologies, Bulgarian Academy of Science, Acad. G. Bonchev avenue, bldg. 109, Sofia, 1113, Bulgaria
- University of Chemical Technology and Metallurgy, 8 St. Kliment Ohridski Avenue, Sofia, 1756, Bulgaria
| | - Deyan Dimov
- Institute of Optical Materials and Technologies, Bulgarian Academy of Science, Acad. G. Bonchev avenue, bldg. 109, Sofia, 1113, Bulgaria
| | - Dancho Yordanov
- Institute of Organic Chemistry with Centre of Phytochemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Science, Acad. G. Bonchev avenue, bldg. 9, Sofia, 1113, Bulgaria
| | - Dimana Nazarova
- Institute of Optical Materials and Technologies, Bulgarian Academy of Science, Acad. G. Bonchev avenue, bldg. 109, Sofia, 1113, Bulgaria
| | - Anton Georgiev
- Institute of Optical Materials and Technologies, Bulgarian Academy of Science, Acad. G. Bonchev avenue, bldg. 109, Sofia, 1113, Bulgaria.
- University of Chemical Technology and Metallurgy, 8 St. Kliment Ohridski Avenue, Sofia, 1756, Bulgaria.
| | - Liudmil Antonov
- Institute of Electronics, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1784, Sofia, Bulgaria.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Pinheiro D, Galvão AM, Pineiro M, de Melo JSS. Red-Purple Photochromic Indigos from Green Chemistry: Mono- tBOC or Di- tBOC N-Substituted Indigos Displaying Excited State Proton Transfer or Photoisomerization. J Phys Chem B 2021; 125:4108-4119. [PMID: 33851847 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.1c00120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In indigo, excited state proton transfer (ESPT) is known to be associated with the molecular mechanism responsible for highly efficient radiationless deactivation. When this route is blocked (partially or totally), new deactivation routes become available. Using new green chemistry procedures, with favorable green chemistry metrics, monosubstitution and disubstitution of N group(s) in indigo, by tert-butoxy carbonyl groups, N-(tert-butoxycarbonyl)indigo (NtBOCInd) and N,N'-(tert-butoxycarbonyl)indigo (N,N'tBOCInd), respectively, were synthetically accomplished. The compounds display red to purple colors depending on the solvent and substitution. Different excited-state deactivation pathways were observed and found to be structure- and solvent-dependent. Trans-cis photoisomerization was found to be absent with NtBOCInd and present with N,N'tBOCInd in nonpolar solvents. Time-resolved fluorescence experiments revealed single-exponential decays for the two compounds which, linked to time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT) studies, show that with NtBOCInd ESPT is extremely fast and barrierless-predicted to be 1 kJ mol-1 in methylcyclohexane and 5 kJ mol-1 in dimethylsulfoxide-, which contrasts with ∼11 kJ mol-1 experimentally obtained for indigo. An alternative ESPT, competitive with the N-H···O═C intramolecular pathway, involving dimer units is also probed by TDDFT and found to be consistent with the experimentally observed time-resolved data. N,N'tBOCInd, where ESPT is precluded, shows solvent-dependent trans-cis/cis-trans photoisomerization and is surprisingly found to be more stable in the nonemissive cis conformation, whose deactivation to S0 is found to be solvent-dependent.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Pinheiro
- University of Coimbra, CQC, Department of Chemistry, Rua Larga, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Adelino M Galvão
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Departamento de Engenharia Química, Instituto Superior Técnico (IST), Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Marta Pineiro
- University of Coimbra, CQC, Department of Chemistry, Rua Larga, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal
| | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Miniewicz A, Sobolewska A, Piotrowski W, Karpinski P, Bartkiewicz S, Schab-Balcerzak E. Thermocapillary Marangoni Flows in Azopolymers. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 13:E2464. [PMID: 32481714 PMCID: PMC7321112 DOI: 10.3390/ma13112464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Revised: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
It is well known that light-induced multiple trans-cis-trans photoisomerizations of azobenzene derivatives attached to various matrices (polymeric, liquid crystalline polymers) result in polymer mass movement leading to generation of surface reliefs. The reliefs can be produced at small as well as at large light intensities. When linearly polarized light is used in the process, directional photo-induced molecular orientation of the azo molecules occurs, which leads to the generation of optical anisotropy in the system, providing that thermal effects are negligible. On the other hand, large reliefs are observed at relatively strong laser intensities when the optofluidization process is particularly effective. In this article, we describe the competitive thermocapillary Marangoni effect of polymer mass motion. We experimentally prove that the Marangoni effect occurs simultaneously with the optofluidization process. It destroys the orientation of the azopolymer molecules and results in cancelation of the photo-induced birefringence. Our experimental observations of polymer surface topography with atomic force microscopy are supported by suitable modelings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrzej Miniewicz
- Advanced Materials Engineering and Modelling Group, Faculty of Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wybrzeze Wyspianskiego 27, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland; (A.S.); (W.P.); (P.K.); (S.B.)
| | - Anna Sobolewska
- Advanced Materials Engineering and Modelling Group, Faculty of Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wybrzeze Wyspianskiego 27, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland; (A.S.); (W.P.); (P.K.); (S.B.)
| | - Wojciech Piotrowski
- Advanced Materials Engineering and Modelling Group, Faculty of Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wybrzeze Wyspianskiego 27, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland; (A.S.); (W.P.); (P.K.); (S.B.)
| | - Pawel Karpinski
- Advanced Materials Engineering and Modelling Group, Faculty of Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wybrzeze Wyspianskiego 27, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland; (A.S.); (W.P.); (P.K.); (S.B.)
| | - Stanislaw Bartkiewicz
- Advanced Materials Engineering and Modelling Group, Faculty of Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wybrzeze Wyspianskiego 27, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland; (A.S.); (W.P.); (P.K.); (S.B.)
| | - Ewa Schab-Balcerzak
- Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences, M. Curie-Sklodowska 34, 41-819 Zabrze, Poland;
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Silesia, 9 Szkolna Str., 40-006 Katowice, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Facile conversion of cis into trans oxane as liquid crystals. Sci Rep 2020; 10:6936. [PMID: 32332816 PMCID: PMC7181715 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-63902-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2019] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Trans-oxanes are important liquid crystals. The commonly used techniques for the synthesis were to react 2-substituted propylene glycols with substituted formaldehydes. Such process produces toxic cis-oxanes, which are harmful to the environment. The cis to trans isomerization of wasted cis-oxanes was studied in the presence of p-toluenesulfonic acid as catalyst. The yield of cis to trans conversion was over 70%, which was much higher than 42–69% when traditional methods were employed. The total yield of the new method was increased to 90%. Further investigation of effects of catalysts, reaction times, temperatures on the cis-trans conversion was carried out. Proposed mechanism of this process for the conversion was discussed.
Collapse
|
16
|
Todorov P, Georgieva S, Peneva P, Rusew R, Shivachev B, Georgiev A. Experimental and theoretical study of bidirectional photoswitching behavior of 5,5′-diphenylhydantoin Schiff bases: synthesis, crystal structure and kinetic approaches. NEW J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0nj03301d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Herein, the synthesis and characterization of four novel 5,5′-diphenylhydantoin Schiff bases containing different aromatic species are presented.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Petar Todorov
- Department of Organic Chemistry
- University of Chemical Technology and Metallurgy
- Bulgaria
| | - Stela Georgieva
- Department of Analytical Chemistry
- University of Chemical Technology and Metallurgy
- Bulgaria
| | - Petia Peneva
- Department of Organic Chemistry
- University of Chemical Technology and Metallurgy
- Bulgaria
- Institute of Mineralogy and Crystallography
- Bulgarian Academy of Sciences
| | - Rusi Rusew
- Institute of Mineralogy and Crystallography
- Bulgarian Academy of Sciences
- Bulgaria
| | - Boris Shivachev
- Institute of Mineralogy and Crystallography
- Bulgarian Academy of Sciences
- Bulgaria
| | - Anton Georgiev
- Department of Organic Chemistry
- University of Chemical Technology and Metallurgy
- Bulgaria
- Department of Optical Metrology and Holography
- Institute of Optical Materials and Technologies
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Excited state proton transfer and E/Z photoswitching performance of 2-hydroxy-1-naphthalene and 1-naphthalene 5,5′-dimethyl- and 5,5′-diphenylhydantoin Schiff bases. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2019.112143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
18
|
Studying tautomerism in an important pharmaceutical glibenclamide confined in the thin nanometric layers. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2019; 182:110319. [PMID: 31301581 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2019.06.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2019] [Revised: 06/20/2019] [Accepted: 06/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The uniform thin films with variable thicknesses (d = 49, 120, 220 nm) of active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) glibenclamide (GCM) was spin-coated and investigated using broadband dielectric, grazing incident FTIR spectroscopies, atomic force microscopy, and ellipsometry. Data analysis revealed that nanoconfined systems consist of a mixture of amide and imidic acid forms of this pharmaceutical, wherein the ratios of both tautomeric forms in the thin films were different with respect to the molten supercooled bulk system. Moreover, changes in the populations of glibenclamide tautomers, i.e. higher amide to imides ratio in the spatially restricted API with respect to the bulk sample, had a strong impact on the character of the proton transfer reaction. In this context, the kinetic curves constructed on the base of infrared data for the bulk system follow the sigmoidal shape, characteristic for the autocatalytic reaction, while results obtained for the confined samples provide exponential character and indicate first-order transformation. This allows hypothesizing that the autocatalytic nature of the tautomerism in the bulk sample is most likely related to the formation of the amide tautomers which further catalyze the progress of imide-amide transformation. Our results are the first studies showing that the change in the thickness of the film may affect the properties and isomerization kinetics in a pharmaceutical systems. Finally, our data open a new perspective for developing new drug delivery systems.
Collapse
|
19
|
Bujak K, Orlikowska H, Sobolewska A, Schab-Balcerzak E, Janeczek H, Bartkiewicz S, Konieczkowska J. Azobenzene vs azopyridine and matrix molar masses effect on photoinduced phenomena. Eur Polym J 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2019.03.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
20
|
Nuti F, Gellini C, Larregola M, Squillantini L, Chelli R, Salvi PR, Lequin O, Pietraperzia G, Papini AM. A Photochromic Azobenzene Peptidomimetic of a β-Turn Model Peptide Structure as a Conformational Switch. Front Chem 2019; 7:180. [PMID: 30984746 PMCID: PMC6449423 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2019.00180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 03/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The insertion of azobenzene moiety in complex molecular protein or peptide systems can lead to molecular switches to be used to determine kinetics of folding/unfolding properties of secondary structures, such as α-helix, β-turn, or β-hairpin. In fact, in azobenzene, absorption of light induces a reversible trans ↔ cis isomerization, which in turns generates a strain or a structure relaxation in the chain that causes peptide folding/unfolding. In particular azobenzene may permit reversible conformational control of hairpin formation. In the present work a synthetic photochromic azobenzene amino acid derivative was incorporated as a turn element to modify the synthetic peptide [Pro7,Asn8,Thr10]CSF114 previously designed to fold as a type I β-turn structure in biomimetic HFA/water solution. In particular, the P-N-H fragment at positions 7–9, involved in a β-hairpin, was replaced by an azobenzene amino acid derivative (synthesized ad hoc) to investigate if the electronic properties of the novel peptidomimetic analog could induce variations in the isomerization process. The absorption spectra of the azopeptidomimetic analog of the type I β-turn structure and of the azobenzene amino acid as control were measured as a function of the irradiation time exciting into the respective first ππ* and nπ* transition bands. Isomerization of the azopeptidomimetic results strongly favored by exciting into the ππ* transition. Moreover, conformational changes induced by the cis↔ trans azopeptidomimetic switch were investigated by NMR in different solvents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Nuti
- Laboratory of Peptide and Protein Chemistry and Biology (PeptLab), Sesto Fiorentino, Italy.,Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Cristina Gellini
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Maud Larregola
- PeptLab@UCP Platform and Laboratory of Chemical Biology EA4505, Université Paris-Seine, Cergy-Pontoise, France
| | - Lorenzo Squillantini
- Laboratory of Peptide and Protein Chemistry and Biology (PeptLab), Sesto Fiorentino, Italy.,Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Riccardo Chelli
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy.,European Laboratory for Non-Linear Spectroscopy (LENS), Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Pier Remigio Salvi
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Olivier Lequin
- Laboratory of Biomolecules, CNRS, Sorbonne University, Ecole Normale Superieure, PSL University, Paris, France
| | - Giangaetano Pietraperzia
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy.,European Laboratory for Non-Linear Spectroscopy (LENS), Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Anna Maria Papini
- Laboratory of Peptide and Protein Chemistry and Biology (PeptLab), Sesto Fiorentino, Italy.,Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy.,PeptLab@UCP Platform and Laboratory of Chemical Biology EA4505, Université Paris-Seine, Cergy-Pontoise, France
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Huddleston PR, Volkov VV, Perry CC. The structural and electronic properties of 3,3′-azothiophene photo-switching systems. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:1344-1353. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cp06059b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
3,3′-Azothiophenes demonstrate effective photo-induced isomerization in solution. Activation energies and entropies confirm the thermal stability of cis conformations at 20 °C.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Patrick R. Huddleston
- Interdisciplinary Biomedical Research Centre, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University
- Nottingham NG11 8NS
- UK
| | - Victor V. Volkov
- Interdisciplinary Biomedical Research Centre, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University
- Nottingham NG11 8NS
- UK
| | - Carole C. Perry
- Interdisciplinary Biomedical Research Centre, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University
- Nottingham NG11 8NS
- UK
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Shvetsov SA, Emelyanenko AV, Bugakov MA, Boiko NI, Liu JH. Photo-Orientation at the Interface between Thermotropic Nematic Liquid Crystal and Water Caused by Azobenzene Polymer Additives. POLYMER SCIENCE SERIES C 2018. [DOI: 10.1134/s1811238218010071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
|
23
|
Smiszek-Lindert WE, Kamińska E, Minecka A, Heczko D, Madejczyk O, Tarnacka M, Jurkiewicz K, Dzienia A, Kamiński K, Paluch M. Studies on dynamics and isomerism in supercooled photochromic compound Aberchrome 670 with the use of different experimental techniques. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 20:18009-18019. [PMID: 29931011 DOI: 10.1039/c8cp02993h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) and Broadband Dielectric (BD) spectroscopies were applied to investigate the thermal, structural, photochemical and dynamical properties of a fulgide-type photochromic compound, Aberchrome 670 (Ab670). In the original crystals, characterized by a pale yellow color, molecules take the E conformation. However, upon UV irradiation of either the crystalline or glassy compound, it isomerizes to the closed (C) form, characterized by the intense red tone. Although, we have found that such conversion is not complete (far below 100%). It was shown that due to UV irradiation as well as heating of the studied fulgide to high temperature (above the melting point), the Z isomer is formed. Further FTIR measurements performed on the UV irradiated and molten compound indicated that upon annealing of the sample in the vicinity of the glass transition temperature the Z isomer reverts back to the original E form. The final confirmation of this supposition has come from BDS studies, where the strong shift of the structural relaxation process during time-dependent isothermal measurements was noticed. One can add that a similar pattern of behavior has been observed previously by some of us in the case of tautomerism or mutarotation [Z. Wojnarowska et al., J. Chem. Phys., 2010, 133, 094507; W. Kossack et al., J. Chem. Phys., 2014, 140, 215101; P. Wlodarczyk et al., J. Phys. Chem. B, 2009, 113, 4379-4383; P. Wlodarczyk et al., J. Non-Cryst. Solids, 2010, 356, 738-742]. From the analysis of the time variation of the structural relaxation times, the activation barrier, EA = 18 kJ mol-1, for Z to E isomerization in Ab670 was calculated. Interestingly, it agrees well with the one determined for a similar kind of transformation in stilbenes. Therefore, we found that dielectric spectroscopy can be a very useful technique to track Z to E interconversion in the highly viscous supercooled state. Consequently, a unique opportunity to follow this kind of isomerism at high pressures, high electric fields and under nanometric spatial confinement in pure supercooled compounds appeared.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wioleta Edyta Smiszek-Lindert
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, School of Pharmacy with the Division of Laboratory Medicine in Sosnowiec, ul. Jagiellonska 4, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Synthesis and Characterization of Photo-Responsive Thermotropic Liquid Crystals Based on Azobenzene. CRYSTALS 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/cryst8040147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
A series of new thermotropic liquid crystals (LCs) containing azobenzene units was synthesized. The structures of the compounds were characterized by means of NMR and FTIR spectroscopy. Their mesomorphic behaviors were investigated via differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and polarizing optical microscopy (POM). Based on the POM and DSC measurements, the optical properties of the Razo-ester were tested using UV-vis spectroscopy. The azobenzene side chain displayed a strong ability to influence the formation of thermotropic LCs.
Collapse
|
25
|
Gupta M, Pal V, Pal SK. Photo-responsive liquid crystals derived from azobenzene centered cholesterol-based tetramers. NEW J CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c7nj05142e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Azobenzene centered cholesterol based tetramers showing spherulitic domains and photoresponsive behaviour in solution as well as Langmuir monolayers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Monika Gupta
- Department of Chemical Sciences
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali
- Manauli-140306
- India
| | - Vaibhav Pal
- Department of Chemical Sciences
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali
- Manauli-140306
- India
| | - Santanu Kumar Pal
- Department of Chemical Sciences
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali
- Manauli-140306
- India
| |
Collapse
|