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Bae J, Dusselier M. Synthesis strategies to control the Al distribution in zeolites: thermodynamic and kinetic aspects. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:852-867. [PMID: 36598011 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc05370e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The activity and selectivity of acid-catalyzed chemistry is highly dependent on the Brønsted and Lewis acid sites generated by Al substitutions in a zeolite framework with the desired pore architecture. The siting of two Al atoms in close proximity in the framework of high-silica zeolites can also play a decisive role in improving the performance of redox catalysts by producing exchangeable positions for extra-framework multivalent cations. Thus, considerable attention has been devoted to controlling the Al incorporation through direct synthesis approaches and post-synthesis treatments to optimize the performance as (industrial) solid catalysts and to develop new acid- and redox-catalyzed reactions. This Feature Article highlights bottom-up synthetic strategies to fine-tune the Al incorporation in zeolites, interpreted with respect to thermodynamic and kinetic aspects. They include (i) variation in extra-framework components in zeolite synthesis, (ii) isomorphous substitution of other heteroatoms in the zeolite framework, and (iii) control over the (alumino)silicate network in the initial synthesis mixture via in situ and ex situ methods. Most synthetic approaches introduced here tentatively showed that the energy barriers associated with Al incorporation in zeolites can be variable during zeolite crystallization processes, occurring in complex media with multiple chemical interactions. Although the generic interpretation of each strategy and underlying crystallization mechanism remains largely unknown (and often limited to a specific framework), this review will provide guidance on more efficient methods to prepare fine-tuned zeolites with desired chemical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juna Bae
- Center for Sustainable Catalysis and Engineering (CSCE), KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001 Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Michiel Dusselier
- Center for Sustainable Catalysis and Engineering (CSCE), KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001 Leuven, Belgium.
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Liang T, Chen J, Wang S, Wang P, Qin Z, Jin F, Dong M, Wang J, Fan W. Conversion of methanol to hydrocarbons over H-MCM-22 zeolite: deactivation behaviours related to acid density and distribution. Catal Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2cy01270g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The deactivation of H-MCM-22 zeolites with different Si/Al ratios can be roughly divided into three stages: first the rapid deactivation of the supercages, the second reaction with slow coking and the deactivation stage with rapid coking mainly on the external pockets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingyu Liang
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education, and, Hubei Key Laboratory of Novel Reactor & Green Chemical Technology, School of Chemical Engineering & Pharmacy, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, China
| | - Jialing Chen
- Key Laboratory of Hubei Province for Coal Conversion and New Carbon Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, China
| | - Sen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion, Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 165, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, PR China
| | - Pengfei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion, Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 165, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, PR China
| | - Zhangfeng Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion, Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 165, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, PR China
| | - Fang Jin
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education, and, Hubei Key Laboratory of Novel Reactor & Green Chemical Technology, School of Chemical Engineering & Pharmacy, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, China
| | - Mei Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion, Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 165, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, PR China
| | - Jianguo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion, Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 165, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, PR China
| | - Weibin Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion, Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 165, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, PR China
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Lv W, Wang S, Wang P, Liu Y, Huang Z, Li J, Dong M, Wang J, Fan W. Regulation of Al distributions and Cu2+ locations in SSZ-13 zeolites for NH3-SCR of NO by different alkali metal cations. J Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2020.11.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Beheshti MS, Ahmadpour J, Behzad M, Arabi H. Preparation of hierarchical H-[B]-ZSM-5 zeolites by a desilication method as a highly selective catalyst for conversion of methanol to propylene. BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s43153-020-00075-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Synthesis of HZSM-5 Rich in Paired Al and Its Catalytic Performance for Propane Aromatization. Catalysts 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/catal10060622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of HZSM-5 catalysts with similar Si/AlF mole ratio, textual properties and morphology, but different contents of AlF pairs, were synthesized by controlling the Na/Al molar ratios in the precursor gel and used for propane aromatization. It is shown that the catalyst with a Na/Al molar ratio of 0.8 in the synthetic gel possesses the highest paired AlF concentration (64.4%) and shows higher propane conversion (38.2%) and aromatics selectivity (19.7 wt.%). Propane pulse experiments, micro reactor activity estimation, Operando diffuse reflectance ultraviolet-visible (DR UV-vis) spectroscopy and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis of coke species deposited on the catalysts provide evidence that AlF pairs in the ZSM-5 framework promote oligomerization and cyclization reactions of olefins, and then produce more aromatics. Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations demonstrate that the cyclization of olefins and hydride transfer reaction occurring on AlF pairs in HZSM-5 zeolite show a lower free energy barrier and a higher rate constant than those on single AlF, indicating that the structure of AlF pairs in the HZSM-5 zeolite has a stronger electrostatic stabilization effect on the transition states than that of single AlF.
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Zhang L, Wang S, Shi D, Qin Z, Wang P, Wang G, Li J, Dong M, Fan W, Wang J. Methanol to olefins over H-RUB-13 zeolite: regulation of framework aluminum siting and acid density and their relationship to the catalytic performance. Catal Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cy02419k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Incorporating boron promotes siting of more aluminum atoms at the sites accessible to MTO and then enhances the catalytic performance of H-RUB-13 in MTO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion
- Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Taiyuan
- PR China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences
| | - Sen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion
- Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Taiyuan
- PR China
| | - Dezhi Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion
- Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Taiyuan
- PR China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences
| | - Zhangfeng Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion
- Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Taiyuan
- PR China
| | - Pengfei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion
- Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Taiyuan
- PR China
| | - Guofu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion
- Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Taiyuan
- PR China
| | - Junfen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion
- Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Taiyuan
- PR China
| | - Mei Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion
- Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Taiyuan
- PR China
| | - Weibin Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion
- Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Taiyuan
- PR China
| | - Jianguo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion
- Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Taiyuan
- PR China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences
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Wang S, Zhang L, Li S, Qin Z, Shi D, He S, Yuan K, Wang P, Zhao TS, Fan S, Dong M, Li J, Fan W, Wang J. Tuning the siting of aluminum in ZSM-11 zeolite and regulating its catalytic performance in the conversion of methanol to olefins. J Catal 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2019.07.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Zhou Y, Kadam SA, Shamzhy M, Čejka J, Opanasenko M. Isoreticular UTL-Derived Zeolites as Model Materials for Probing Pore Size–Activity Relationship. ACS Catal 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.9b00950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yong Zhou
- Department of Physical and Macromolecular Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Hlavova 8, 128 43 Prague 2 Czech Republic
| | - Shashikant A. Kadam
- Department of Physical and Macromolecular Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Hlavova 8, 128 43 Prague 2 Czech Republic
| | - Mariya Shamzhy
- Department of Physical and Macromolecular Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Hlavova 8, 128 43 Prague 2 Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Čejka
- Department of Physical and Macromolecular Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Hlavova 8, 128 43 Prague 2 Czech Republic
| | - Maksym Opanasenko
- Department of Physical and Macromolecular Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Hlavova 8, 128 43 Prague 2 Czech Republic
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Wang S, He Y, Jiao W, Wang J, Fan W. Recent experimental and theoretical studies on Al siting/acid site distribution in zeolite framework. Curr Opin Chem Eng 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.coche.2019.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Wang S, Li S, Zhang L, Qin Z, Chen Y, Dong M, Li J, Fan W, Wang J. Mechanistic insights into the catalytic role of various acid sites on ZSM-5 zeolite in the carbonylation of methanol and dimethyl ether. Catal Sci Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cy00296g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The catalytic performance of ZSM-5 in carbonylation is strongly related to the location of acid sites in the zeolite framework.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion
- Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Taiyuan
- PR China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences
| | - Shiying Li
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion
- Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Taiyuan
- PR China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences
| | - Li Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion
- Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Taiyuan
- PR China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences
| | - Zhangfeng Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion
- Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Taiyuan
- PR China
| | - Yanyan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion
- Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Taiyuan
- PR China
| | - Mei Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion
- Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Taiyuan
- PR China
| | - Junfen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion
- Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Taiyuan
- PR China
| | - Weibin Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion
- Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Taiyuan
- PR China
| | - Jianguo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion
- Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Taiyuan
- PR China
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