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Xu X, Seiffert AK, Lenaerts R, Ryskulova K, Jana S, Van Hecke K, Jerca VV, Hoogenboom R. [2 × 2] metallo-supramolecular grids based on 4,6-bis((1 H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)-pyridin-2-yl)-2-phenylpyrimidine ligands: from discrete [2 × 2] grid structures to star-shaped supramolecular polymeric architectures. Dalton Trans 2021; 50:8746-8751. [PMID: 34079970 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt01373d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The self-assembly of bis-tridentate ligands leads to the spontaneous formation of [2 × 2] grid-like metal complexes. However, the synthesis of such ligands is rather cumbersome. In the work, we demonstrate a straightforward synthesis route to prepare bis-tridentate 4,6-bis((1H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)-pyridin-2-yl)-2-phenylpyrimidine ligands through double CuAAC click chemistry with 4,6-bis(6-ethynylpyridin-2-yl)-2-phenylpyrimidine as well as their self-assembly into [2 × 2] grid-like metal complexes. In addition, four macromolecular ligands were synthesized starting from azido-end-functionalized poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline) (PEtOx) or poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG). These macromolecular ligands were used in the construction of star-shaped supramolecular polymers through complexation with transition metal ions (e.g., Fe2+ or Zn2+). The successful fabrication of complexes and star-shaped polymers was confirmed by UV-vis titration measurements and MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. However, the chemical structure of the polymer was found to have a strong influence on the [2 × 2] grid formation, which was successful with the PEG-ligands but not with the PEtOx-ligands, while the molecular weight of the PEG did not interfere with grid formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowen Xu
- Supramolecular Chemistry Group, Centre of Macromolecular Chemistry (CMaC), Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281-S4, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Anne K Seiffert
- Supramolecular Chemistry Group, Centre of Macromolecular Chemistry (CMaC), Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281-S4, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Ruben Lenaerts
- Supramolecular Chemistry Group, Centre of Macromolecular Chemistry (CMaC), Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281-S4, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Kanykei Ryskulova
- Supramolecular Chemistry Group, Centre of Macromolecular Chemistry (CMaC), Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281-S4, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Somdeb Jana
- Supramolecular Chemistry Group, Centre of Macromolecular Chemistry (CMaC), Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281-S4, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Kristof Van Hecke
- XStruct, Department of Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281-S3, B-9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Valentin Victor Jerca
- Centre of Organic Chemistry "Costin D. Nenitzescu" Romanian Academy, Spl. Independentei 202B, 060023 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Richard Hoogenboom
- Supramolecular Chemistry Group, Centre of Macromolecular Chemistry (CMaC), Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281-S4, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
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Hegarty IN, Dalton HL, Lynes AD, Haffner B, Möbius ME, Hawes CS, Gunnlaugsson T. Balancing connectivity with function in silver(i) networks of pyridyltriazole (tzpa) ligands results in the formation of a metallogel. Dalton Trans 2020; 49:7364-7372. [PMID: 32458927 DOI: 10.1039/d0dt01421d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
A new flexible and divergent 1,2,3-triazol-4-yl-picolinamide (tzpa) ligand 2 and the half-equivalent model ligand 1, both functionalised with pendant 3-pyridyl groups, are reported and their coordination behaviour with silver(i) ions is explored, both in the crystalline phase and through the formation of a supramolecular metallogel. The self-assembly of tzpa ligand 1 with AgCF3SO3 resulted in the formation of a 1D coordination polymer, binding in a bidentate fashion through the pyridyl and triazole nitrogen atoms of the tzpa binding site and a pendant pyridyl nitrogen atom of an adjacent ligand. Doubling the number of metal binding sites in ligand 2, while retaining the same metal binding domain, gives rise to the formation of a supramolecular metallogel on reaction with AgBF4 at 5 wt% in MeCN, possessing self-healing properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel N Hegarty
- School of Chemistry and Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, The University of Dublin, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland.
| | - Hannah L Dalton
- School of Chemistry and Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, The University of Dublin, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland.
| | - Amy D Lynes
- School of Chemistry and Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, The University of Dublin, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland.
| | - Benjamin Haffner
- Sami Nasr Institute of Advanced Materials (SNIAM), School of Physics, The University of Dublin, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Matthias E Möbius
- Sami Nasr Institute of Advanced Materials (SNIAM), School of Physics, The University of Dublin, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland and The AMBER (Advanced Materials and BioEngineering Research) Centre, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Chris S Hawes
- School of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Keele University, Keele ST5 5BG, UK
| | - Thorfinnur Gunnlaugsson
- School of Chemistry and Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, The University of Dublin, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland. and The AMBER (Advanced Materials and BioEngineering Research) Centre, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
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Hegarty IN, Dalton HL, Henwood AF, Hawes CS, Gunnlaugsson T. Unexpected linkage isomerism in chiral tetranuclear bis-tridentate (1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)-picolinamide (tzpa) grids. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:9523-9526. [PMID: 31332405 DOI: 10.1039/c9cc03316e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of a chiral bis-tridentate (1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)-picolinamide (tzpa) ligand is described and its coordination chemistry with Cu(NO3)2 and [Cu(MeCN)4]PF6 is explored in the crystalline phase as well as in solution. Chiral [2 × 2] tetranuclear square grid complexes [Cu4(H21)4](NO3)8 and [Cu4(H1)4](PF6)4 were observed, and crystallographically analysed, these being linkage isomers with N4O2 and N5O coordination spheres, respectively. These come about by an unusual in situ amide deprotonation and coordination, which accompanies a CuI → CuII oxidation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel N Hegarty
- School of Chemistry and Trinity Biomedical Science Institute, University of Dublin, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland.
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