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Colodrero RMP, Olivera-Pastor P, Cabeza A, Bazaga-García M. Properties and Applications of Metal Phosphates and Pyrophosphates as Proton Conductors. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:1292. [PMID: 35207833 PMCID: PMC8875660 DOI: 10.3390/ma15041292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Revised: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
We review the progress in metal phosphate structural chemistry focused on proton conductivity properties and applications. Attention is paid to structure-property relationships, which ultimately determine the potential use of metal phosphates and derivatives in devices relying on proton conduction. The origin of their conducting properties, including both intrinsic and extrinsic conductivity, is rationalized in terms of distinctive structural features and the presence of specific proton carriers or the factors involved in the formation of extended hydrogen-bond networks. To make the exposition of this large class of proton conductor materials more comprehensive, we group/combine metal phosphates by their metal oxidation state, starting with metal (IV) phosphates and pyrophosphates, considering historical rationales and taking into account the accumulated body of knowledge of these compounds. We highlight the main characteristics of super protonic CsH2PO4, its applicability, as well as the affordance of its composite derivatives. We finish by discussing relevant structure-conducting property correlations for divalent and trivalent metal phosphates. Overall, emphasis is placed on materials exhibiting outstanding properties for applications as electrolyte components or single electrolytes in Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cells and Intermediate Temperature Fuel Cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Montse Bazaga-García
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Cristalografía y Mineralogía, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga, Campus Teatinos s/n, 29071 Málaga, Spain; (R.M.P.C.); (P.O.-P.); (A.C.)
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2
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Liang W, Wen J, Zhao Y, Zhang M, Jiang J. The embedding of fluorescent N-methyl-9-acridone into a topological new layered aluminophosphate SYSU-2 by one-pot synthesis. Dalton Trans 2020; 49:17033-17038. [PMID: 33200154 DOI: 10.1039/d0dt03006f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A layered aluminophosphate |C14H11NO|2[Al4(HPO4)4F4(H2O)2] (denoted as SYSU-2) with a new topology has been hydrothermally synthesized with N-methyl-9-acridone (NMA) as the organic structure-directing agent. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis reveals that SYSU-2 crystallizes in a triclinic space group P1[combining macron], with the inorganic sheets stacked in an AA sequence. Hydrogen bonds are responsible for the neutral inorganic-organic layer connection. The layer structure of SYSU-2 is constructed by alternating AlO4F2 octahedra and PO4 tetrahedra. The topological analysis of SYSU-2 indicates an independent topology. The NMA layers are self-assembled with π-π interaction. SYSU-2 crystals show interesting dual-band emission fluorescence properties compared with NMA crystals. Under 406 nm UV irradiation, SYSU-2 crystals emit yellow light with two emission bands at 477 and 566 nm, while NMA crystals emit blue light with only one band at 473 nm. The differences may be derived from the difference of stacking orders and distance of NMA molecule layers between the two crystals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weichi Liang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, 501275, P. R. China.
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3
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Huang L, Wang L, Zhao Y, Huang L, Bi J, Zou G, Lin Z, Gao D. Two amino acid-templated metal phosphates: surfactant-thermal synthesis, water stability, and proton conduction. Dalton Trans 2020; 49:5440-5444. [PMID: 32314753 DOI: 10.1039/d0dt00966k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Two new metal phosphates, namely, Zn(HPO4)(C6H11NO2) (1) and (C5H10NO2)Ga4(PO4)4F·3H2O (2), were prepared under surfactant-thermal conditions. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction analyses reveal that compound 1 has a zigzag-chain structure decorated with homoproline and compound 2 has a three-dimensional zeolite-like structure templated by proline. Notably, compound 2 remains stable in both boiling water and aqueous solutions with a pH range of 2-12. It shows a proton conductivity of 8.89 × 10-4 S cm-1 at 85 °C and 95% relative humidity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijuan Huang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610068, P. R. China.
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4
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Mao Y, Zhang Y, Li L, Li J, Zeng H, Zou G, Lin Z. Crystalline metal phosphates with layered structures: Synthesis, luminescence, and proton conduction. J SOLID STATE CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jssc.2019.121067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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5
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Zhang Y, Ju J, Li T, Zhang Y, Lin Z, Cai H. Organically templated metal phosphites: Ionothermal synthesis, crystal structure, and proton conduction. INORG CHEM COMMUN 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.inoche.2019.107476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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6
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Xiu Z, Jiang Y, Wang H, Liu L, Ma Y, Li N, Huang L, Bi Y. Solvothermal Synthesis and Characterizations of Two Isomerism Cobalt Phosphite-Oxalates with Varying Dimensions Using the Same Template from in situ Reaction. Z Anorg Allg Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.201900024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhijia Xiu
- School of Chemistry and Material Science; Liaoning Shihua University; 113001 Fushun Liaoning P. R. China
| | - Yansong Jiang
- School of Chemistry and Material Science; Liaoning Shihua University; 113001 Fushun Liaoning P. R. China
| | - Honghao Wang
- School of Chemistry and Material Science; Liaoning Shihua University; 113001 Fushun Liaoning P. R. China
| | - Lu Liu
- School of Chemistry and Material Science; Liaoning Shihua University; 113001 Fushun Liaoning P. R. China
| | - Yike Ma
- School of Chemistry and Material Science; Liaoning Shihua University; 113001 Fushun Liaoning P. R. China
| | - Na Li
- School of Chemistry and Material Science; Liaoning Shihua University; 113001 Fushun Liaoning P. R. China
| | - Liangliang Huang
- School of Chemistry and Material Science; Liaoning Shihua University; 113001 Fushun Liaoning P. R. China
| | - Yanfeng Bi
- School of Chemistry and Material Science; Liaoning Shihua University; 113001 Fushun Liaoning P. R. China
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7
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Zhang Y, Lin L, Zeng H, Zou G, Lin Z. Organically templated metal sulfate-oxalates: Solvent-free synthesis, crystal structure, and proton conduction. J SOLID STATE CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jssc.2019.04.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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8
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Huang L, Li J, Zeng H, Zou G, Zhao Y, Huang L, Bi J, Gao D, Lin Z. Surfactant-Thermal Synthesis of Amino Acid-Templated Zinc Phosphates with 3-Connected Nets Related to Zeolite ABW. Inorg Chem 2019; 58:4089-4092. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.9b00391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lijuan Huang
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610068, China
| | - Jing Li
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Hongmei Zeng
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Guohong Zou
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Yan Zhao
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610068, China
| | - Ling Huang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610068, China
| | - Jian Bi
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610068, China
| | - Daojiang Gao
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610068, China
| | - Zhien Lin
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
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9
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Luan L, Zhang Y, Zeng H, Zou G, Dai Y, Zhou X, Lin Z. Cluster–oxalate frameworks with extra-large channels: solvent-free synthesis, chemical stability, and proton conduction. Dalton Trans 2019; 48:13130-13134. [DOI: 10.1039/c9dt02703c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Two cluster–oxalate frameworks (denoted as SCU-62 and SCU-65) were prepared under solvent-free conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindong Luan
- College of Chemistry
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610064
- P. R. China
- Department of Criminal Science and Technology
| | - Ying Zhang
- College of Chemistry
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610064
- P. R. China
| | - Hongmei Zeng
- College of Chemistry
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610064
- P. R. China
| | - Guohong Zou
- College of Chemistry
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610064
- P. R. China
| | - Yong Dai
- Department of Criminal Science and Technology
- Sichuan Police College
- Luzhou 646000
- P. R. China
| | - Xiaoying Zhou
- Department of Criminal Science and Technology
- Sichuan Police College
- Luzhou 646000
- P. R. China
| | - Zhien Lin
- College of Chemistry
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610064
- P. R. China
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10
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Ma Y, Huang L, Xiu Z, Yang Y, Wang X, Yin Y, Bi Y, Zheng Z. High proton conductivity behavior in a 2D metal sulfite constructed from a histidine ligand. RSC Adv 2019; 9:16130-16135. [PMID: 35521406 PMCID: PMC9064370 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra01584a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2019] [Accepted: 04/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
In the presence of the amino acid histidine, an inorganic–organic hybrid metal sulfite, Zn2(SO3)2(C6N3O2H9)2·H2O (1), has been prepared under hydrothermal conditions. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis reveals that 1 shows a 2D layer framework built up from a classical second building unit (S4R), and bridged histidine molecule. Notably, it is the first report of a metal sulfite in the presence of an amino acid molecule. A 1D H-bonding array can be constructed by the H-bonding interaction between histidine molecules and sulfite groups. Moreover, a new function of metal sulfite for proton conduction was investigated by alternating-current impedance analysis. The results demonstrate that compound 1 shows a high proton conductivity of approximately 10−3 S cm−1 at 348 K and 98% relative humidity. In the presence of the amino acid histidine, an inorganic–organic hybrid metal sulfite (compound 1), has been prepared under hydrothermal conditions. Compound 1 shows a high proton conductivity of, approximately 10−3 S cm−1 at 348 K and 98% RH.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Yike Ma
- School of Chemistry and Material Science
- Liaoning Shihua University
- Fushun 113001
- P. R. China
| | - Liangliang Huang
- School of Chemistry and Material Science
- Liaoning Shihua University
- Fushun 113001
- P. R. China
| | - Zhijia Xiu
- School of Chemistry and Material Science
- Liaoning Shihua University
- Fushun 113001
- P. R. China
| | - Yuheng Yang
- School of Chemistry and Material Science
- Liaoning Shihua University
- Fushun 113001
- P. R. China
| | - Xiaodong Wang
- School of Chemistry and Material Science
- Liaoning Shihua University
- Fushun 113001
- P. R. China
| | - Yanzhen Yin
- Qinzhou Key Laboratory of Biowaste Resources for Selenium-Enriched Functional Utilization
- College of Petroleum and Chemical Engineering
- Beibu Gulf University
- Qinzhou
- P. R. China
| | - Yanfeng Bi
- School of Chemistry and Material Science
- Liaoning Shihua University
- Fushun 113001
- P. R. China
| | - Zhiping Zheng
- School of Chemistry and Material Science
- Liaoning Shihua University
- Fushun 113001
- P. R. China
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute
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11
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Li T, Qi X, Li J, Zeng H, Zou G, Lin Z. Using Multifunctional Ionic Liquids in the Synthesis of Crystalline Metal Phosphites and Hybrid Framework Solids. Inorg Chem 2018; 57:14031-14034. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b02519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ting Li
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Xiujuan Qi
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Univeristy of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China
| | - Jing Li
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Hongmei Zeng
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Guohong Zou
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Zhien Lin
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
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12
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Wang K, Li T, Zeng H, Zou G, Zhang Q, Lin Z. Ionothermal Synthesis of Open-Framework Metal Phosphates Using a Multifunctional Ionic Liquid. Inorg Chem 2018; 57:8726-8729. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b01509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kangcai Wang
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Ting Li
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Hongmei Zeng
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Guohong Zou
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Qinghua Zhang
- Institute of Chemical Materials, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621900, China
| | - Zhien Lin
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
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13
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Shi J, Li J, Zeng H, Zou G, Zhang Q, Lin Z. Water stable oxalate-based coordination polymers with in situ generated cyclic dipeptides showing high proton conductivity. Dalton Trans 2018; 47:15288-15292. [DOI: 10.1039/c8dt03659d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Presented here are two water stable oxalate-based coordination polymers with in situ generated cyclic dipeptides, which show high proton conductivities on the order of 10−3 S cm−1 at 85 °C under 98% relative humidity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyu Shi
- College of Chemistry
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610064
- P. R. China
| | - Jing Li
- College of Chemistry
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610064
- P. R. China
| | - Hongmei Zeng
- College of Chemistry
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610064
- P. R. China
| | - Guohong Zou
- College of Chemistry
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610064
- P. R. China
| | - Qinghua Zhang
- Institute of Chemical Materials
- China Academy of Engineering Physics
- Mianyang 621900
- P. R. China
| | - Zhien Lin
- College of Chemistry
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610064
- P. R. China
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