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Karimi S, Shahroosvand H, Yaghoobi Nia N, Di Carlo A, Nazeeruddin MK. Versatile Electroluminescence Color-Tuning Strategy of an Efficient Light-Emitting Electrochemical Cell (LEC) by an Ionic Additive. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:20734-20742. [PMID: 36515661 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c02165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The color-tuning strategies of solid-state light-emitting devices (ss-LEDs) are mainly focused on engineering molecular structures. In this paper, for the first time, we developed a facile strategy for tuning the electroluminescence (EL) color from orange to green through the addition of the ionic additive TBAP (tetrabutylammonium perchlorate). To achieve the active ionic emissive compound for use in a light-emitting electrochemical cell (LEC), the neutral biscyclometalated bromo tetrazole iridium(III) [Ir(ppy)2(BrTz)] was exchanged to its cationic complex, [Ir(ppy)2(BrTz-Me)]ClO4 (ppy = 2-phenyl pyridine, BrTz = 4-bromo-2-pyridine tetrazole, BrTz-Me = 4-bromo-2-pyridine methyl tetrazole) with a new synthetic strategy. This method allows employing neutral Ir-cyclometalated complexes, which are ruled out for use in LECs because of their non-ionic behaviors. In the following, an LEC based on the new cationic [Ir(ppy)2(BrTz-Me)]ClO4 as the emissive layer was fabricated between the FTO (fluorine-doped tin oxide) anode and Ga:In alloy cathode without using any additive or polymers, which makes this configuration the simplest ss-LED so far. By adding the ionic additives, the electroluminescence characteristics of [Ir(ppy)2(BrTz-Me)]ClO4 were dramatically increased, including luminance (L) from 162.8 cd/m2 for the device with an additive to 212.9 and 355.9 cd/m2 for devices containing LiTFSI (bis(trifluoromethane)sulfonamide lithium salt) and TBAP, respectively. In particular, when TBAP was added to the [Ir(ppy)2(BrTz-Me)]ClO4 complex, the irradiance was significantly increased from 166.4 to 220.8 μW/cm2 with an efficacy of 1.78 cd/A and external quantum efficiency (EQE) value of 2.14%. The obtained EL results clearly showed that adding TBAP and LiTFSI significantly improved the electroluminescence characteristics and tuned the electroluminescence color.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soheila Karimi
- Group for Molecular Engineering of Advanced Functional Materials (GMA), Department of Chemistry, University of Zanjan, Zanjan 45371-38111 Iran
| | - Hashem Shahroosvand
- Group for Molecular Engineering of Advanced Functional Materials (GMA), Department of Chemistry, University of Zanjan, Zanjan 45371-38111 Iran
| | - Narges Yaghoobi Nia
- CHOSE-Centre for Hybrid and Organic Solar Energy, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", via del Politecnico 1, Rome 00133, Italy.,Istituto di Struttura della Materia (ISM-CNR), via del Fosso del Cavaliere 100, Rome 00133, Italy
| | - Aldo Di Carlo
- CHOSE-Centre for Hybrid and Organic Solar Energy, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", via del Politecnico 1, Rome 00133, Italy.,Istituto di Struttura della Materia (ISM-CNR), via del Fosso del Cavaliere 100, Rome 00133, Italy
| | - Mohammad Khaja Nazeeruddin
- Group for Molecular Engineering of Functional Materials, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne, CH-1951 Sion, Switzerland
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2
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Antimicrobial Activity of Rhenium Di- and Tricarbonyl Diimine Complexes: Insights on Membrane-Bound S. aureus Protein Binding. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15091107. [PMID: 36145328 PMCID: PMC9501577 DOI: 10.3390/ph15091107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance is one of the major human health threats, with significant impacts on the global economy. Antibiotics are becoming increasingly ineffective as drug-resistance spreads, imposing an urgent need for new and innovative antimicrobial agents. Metal complexes are an untapped source of antimicrobial potential. Rhenium complexes, amongst others, are particularly attractive due to their low in vivo toxicity and high antimicrobial activity, but little is known about their targets and mechanism of action. In this study, a series of rhenium di- and tricarbonyl diimine complexes were prepared and evaluated for their antimicrobial potential against eight different microorganisms comprising Gram-negative and -positive bacteria. Our data showed that none of the Re dicarbonyl or neutral tricarbonyl species have either bactericidal or bacteriostatic potential. In order to identify possible targets of the molecules, and thus possibly understand the observed differences in the antimicrobial efficacy of the molecules, we computationally evaluated the binding affinity of active and inactive complexes against structurally characterized membrane-bound S. aureus proteins. The computational analysis indicates two possible major targets for this class of compounds, namely lipoteichoic acids flippase (LtaA) and lipoprotein signal peptidase II (LspA). Our results, consistent with the published in vitro studies, will be useful for the future design of rhenium tricarbonyl diimine-based antibiotics.
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Dallerba E, Hartnell D, Hackett MJ, Massi M, Lowe AB. Well‐defined Tetrazole‐functional Copolymers as Macromolecular Ligands for Luminescent Ir(III) and Re(I) Metal Species: Synthesis, Photophysical Properties and Application in Bioimaging. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.202200021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Elena Dallerba
- School of Molecular and Life Sciences Curtin University Bentley Perth WA 6102 Australia
| | - David Hartnell
- School of Molecular and Life Sciences Curtin University Bentley Perth WA 6102 Australia
- Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute (CHIRI) Curtin University Bentley Perth WA 6102 Australia
| | - Mark J. Hackett
- School of Molecular and Life Sciences Curtin University Bentley Perth WA 6102 Australia
- Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute (CHIRI) Curtin University Bentley Perth WA 6102 Australia
| | - Massimiliano Massi
- School of Molecular and Life Sciences Curtin University Bentley Perth WA 6102 Australia
| | - Andrew B. Lowe
- School of Molecular and Life Sciences Curtin University Bentley Perth WA 6102 Australia
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4
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Holden L, Burke CS, Cullinane D, Keyes TE. Strategies to promote permeation and vectorization, and reduce cytotoxicity of metal complex luminophores for bioimaging and intracellular sensing. RSC Chem Biol 2021; 2:1021-1049. [PMID: 34458823 PMCID: PMC8341117 DOI: 10.1039/d1cb00049g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Transition metal luminophores are emerging as important tools for intracellular imaging and sensing. Their putative suitability for such applications has long been recognised but poor membrane permeability and cytotoxicity were significant barriers that impeded early progress. In recent years, numerous effective routes to overcoming these issues have been reported, inspired in part, by advances and insights from the pharmaceutical and drug delivery domains. In particular, the conjugation of biomolecules but also other less natural synthetic species, from a repertoire of functional motifs have granted membrane permeability and cellular targeting. Such motifs can also reduce cytotoxicity of transition metal complexes and offer a valuable avenue to circumvent such problems leading to promising metal complex candidates for application in bioimaging, sensing and diagnostics. The advances in metal complex probes permeability/targeting are timely, as, in parallel, over the past two decades significant technological advances in luminescence imaging have occurred. In particular, super-resolution imaging is enormously powerful but makes substantial demands of its imaging contrast agents and metal complex luminophores frequently possess the photophysical characteristics to meet these demands. Here, we review some of the key vectors that have been conjugated to transition metal complex luminophores to promote their use in intra-cellular imaging applications. We evaluate some of the most effective strategies in terms of membrane permeability, intracellular targeting and what impact these approaches have on toxicity and phototoxicity which are important considerations in a luminescent contrast or sensing agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorcan Holden
- School of Chemical Sciences, and National Centre for Sensor Research Dublin City University Dublin 9 Ireland
| | - Christopher S Burke
- School of Chemical Sciences, and National Centre for Sensor Research Dublin City University Dublin 9 Ireland
| | - David Cullinane
- School of Chemical Sciences, and National Centre for Sensor Research Dublin City University Dublin 9 Ireland
| | - Tia E Keyes
- School of Chemical Sciences, and National Centre for Sensor Research Dublin City University Dublin 9 Ireland
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Mixed-ligand manganese(II) complexes with 5-phenyltetrazole and polypyridine derivatives: Synthesis, crystal structures and biological activity. RESULTS IN CHEMISTRY 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rechem.2021.100239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
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6
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Smitten KL, Scattergood PA, Kiker C, Thomas JA, Elliott PIP. Triazole-based osmium(ii) complexes displaying red/near-IR luminescence: antimicrobial activity and super-resolution imaging. Chem Sci 2020; 11:8928-8935. [PMID: 34123147 PMCID: PMC8163367 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc03563g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellular uptake, luminescence imaging and antimicrobial activity against clinically relevant methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) bacteria are reported. The osmium(ii) complexes [Os(N^N)3]2+ (N^N = 1-benzyl-4-(pyrid-2-yl)-1,2,3-triazole (1 2+); 1-benzyl-4-(pyrimidin-2-yl)-1,2,3-triazole (2 2+); 1-benzyl-4-(pyrazin-2-yl)-1,2,3-triazole (3 2+)) were prepared and isolated as the chloride salts of their meridional and facial isomers. The complexes display prominent spin-forbidden ground state to triplet metal-to-ligand charge transfer (3MLCT) state absorption bands enabling excitation as low as 600 nm for fac/mer-3 2+ and observation of emission in aqueous solution in the deep-red/near-IR regions of the spectrum. Cellular uptake studies within MRSA cells show antimicrobial activity for 1 2+ and 2 2+ with greater toxicity for the meridional isomers in each case and mer-1 2+ showing the greatest potency (32 μg mL-1 in defined minimal media). Super-resolution imaging experiments demonstrate binding of mer- and fac-1 2+ to bacterial DNA with high Pearson's colocalisation coefficients (up to 0.95 using DAPI). Phototoxicity studies showed the complexes exhibited a higher antimicrobial activity upon irradiation with light.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirsty L Smitten
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield Brook Hill Sheffield S3 7HF UK
| | - Paul A Scattergood
- Department of Chemistry & Centre for Functional Materials, University of Huddersfield Queensgate Huddersfield HD1 3DH UK
| | - Charlotte Kiker
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield Brook Hill Sheffield S3 7HF UK
| | - Jim A Thomas
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield Brook Hill Sheffield S3 7HF UK
| | - Paul I P Elliott
- Department of Chemistry & Centre for Functional Materials, University of Huddersfield Queensgate Huddersfield HD1 3DH UK
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Monti N, Zacchini S, Massi M, Hochkoeppler A, Giorgini L, Fiorini V, Stefan A, Stagni S. Antibacterial activity of a new class of tris homoleptic Ru (II)‐complexes with alkyl‐tetrazoles as diimine‐type ligands. Appl Organomet Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.5806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Monti
- Department of Industrial Chemistry “Toso Montanari”University of Bologna Viale Risorgimento 4 Bologna I‐40136 Italy
| | - Stefano Zacchini
- Department of Industrial Chemistry “Toso Montanari”University of Bologna Viale Risorgimento 4 Bologna I‐40136 Italy
| | - Massimiliano Massi
- Curtin Institute for Functional Molecules and Interfaces, School of Molecular and Life ScienceCurtin University Kent Street Bentley WA 6102 Australia
| | - Alejandro Hochkoeppler
- Department of Pharmacy and BiotechnologyUniversity of Bologna Viale Risorgimento 4 Bologna I‐40136 Italy
- CSGI, Department of ChemistryUniversity of Florence Sesto Fiorentino FI I‐50019 Italy
| | - Loris Giorgini
- Department of Industrial Chemistry “Toso Montanari”University of Bologna Viale Risorgimento 4 Bologna I‐40136 Italy
| | - Valentina Fiorini
- Department of Industrial Chemistry “Toso Montanari”University of Bologna Viale Risorgimento 4 Bologna I‐40136 Italy
| | - Alessandra Stefan
- Department of Pharmacy and BiotechnologyUniversity of Bologna Viale Risorgimento 4 Bologna I‐40136 Italy
- CSGI, Department of ChemistryUniversity of Florence Sesto Fiorentino FI I‐50019 Italy
| | - Stefano Stagni
- Department of Industrial Chemistry “Toso Montanari”University of Bologna Viale Risorgimento 4 Bologna I‐40136 Italy
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Use of Cotton Textiles Coated by Ir(III) Tetrazole Complexes within Ceramic Silica Nanophases for Photo-Induced Self-Marker and Antibacterial Application. NANOMATERIALS 2020; 10:nano10061020. [PMID: 32471044 PMCID: PMC7352244 DOI: 10.3390/nano10061020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Revised: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
This study was aimed at the production and characterization of coated cotton textiles with luminescent ceramic nanophases doped with cationic Ir(III) tetrazole complexes. We confirmed that SiO2 nanoparticles (NPs) do not affect the phosphorescent properties of the complexes that maintain their emission (610 and 490 nm). For the first time we transferred the luminescence feature from nanosol to textile surface, highlighting the advantages of using nanosilica as an encapsulating and stabilizing matrix. The optimized Ir@SiO2 suspensions were homogenously applied onto the cotton surface by dip-pad-dry-cure technique, as proved by the 2p-fluorescence microscope analysis. Once we verified the self-marker properties of the Ir(III) complex, we observed an excellent washing fastness of the coating with a very limited release. SiO2 in the washing water was quantified at maximum around 1.5 wt% and Ir below the inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) detection limit of 1 ppm. A Franz cell test was used to evaluate any possible ex-vivo uptake of Ir@SiO2 nanoparticles across human skin tissues, showing that epidermis and dermis stop over 99% of Ir, implying a reduced impact on human health. The light-induced antimicrobial potential of the Ir@SiO2 were assessed toward both Gram(−) and Gram(+) bacteria. The results encouraged further developments of such functional textiles coated by self-markers and antibacterial active nanophases.
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9
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Recent Studies on the Antimicrobial Activity of Transition Metal Complexes of Groups 6–12. CHEMISTRY-SWITZERLAND 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/chemistry2020026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance is an increasingly serious threat to global public health that requires innovative solutions to counteract new resistance mechanisms emerging and spreading globally in infectious pathogens. Classic organic antibiotics are rapidly exhausting the structural variations available for an effective antimicrobial drug and new compounds emerging from the industrial pharmaceutical pipeline will likely have a short-term and limited impact before the pathogens can adapt. Inorganic and organometallic complexes offer the opportunity to discover and develop new active antimicrobial agents by exploiting their wide range of three-dimensional geometries and virtually infinite design possibilities that can affect their substitution kinetics, charge, lipophilicity, biological targets and modes of action. This review describes recent studies on the antimicrobial activity of transition metal complexes of groups 6–12. It focuses on the effectiveness of the metal complexes in relation to the rich structural chemical variations of the same. The aim is to provide a short vade mecum for the readers interested in the subject that can complement other reviews.
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10
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Gao F, Xiao J, Huang G. Current scenario of tetrazole hybrids for antibacterial activity. Eur J Med Chem 2019; 184:111744. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.111744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Revised: 06/05/2019] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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11
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Ranieri AM, Caporale C, Fiorini V, Hubbard A, Rigby P, Stagni S, Watkin E, Ogden MI, Hackett MJ, Massi M. Complementary Approaches to Imaging Subcellular Lipid Architectures in Live Bacteria Using Phosphorescent Iridium Complexes and Raman Spectroscopy. Chemistry 2019; 25:10566-10570. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201902023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2019] [Revised: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Maria Ranieri
- Curtin Institute for Functional Molecules and Interfaces, and School of Molecular and Life SciencesCurtin University Bentley 6102 WA Australia
| | - Chiara Caporale
- Curtin Institute for Functional Molecules and Interfaces, and School of Molecular and Life SciencesCurtin University Bentley 6102 WA Australia
| | - Valentina Fiorini
- Department of Industrial Chemistry “Toso Montanari”University of Bologna, viale del Risorgimento4 40136 Bologna Italy
| | - Alysia Hubbard
- Centre for Microscopy, Characterisation and AnalysisThe University of Western Australia Perth 6009 WA Australia
| | - Paul Rigby
- Centre for Microscopy, Characterisation and AnalysisThe University of Western Australia Perth 6009 WA Australia
| | - Stefano Stagni
- Department of Industrial Chemistry “Toso Montanari”University of Bologna, viale del Risorgimento4 40136 Bologna Italy
| | - Elizabeth Watkin
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, Curtin Health Innovation Research InstituteCurtin University Kent Street Bentley 6102 Australia
| | - Mark I. Ogden
- Curtin Institute for Functional Molecules and Interfaces, and School of Molecular and Life SciencesCurtin University Bentley 6102 WA Australia
| | - Mark J. Hackett
- Curtin Institute for Functional Molecules and Interfaces, and School of Molecular and Life SciencesCurtin University Bentley 6102 WA Australia
| | - Massimiliano Massi
- Curtin Institute for Functional Molecules and Interfaces, and School of Molecular and Life SciencesCurtin University Bentley 6102 WA Australia
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12
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Popova EA, Trifonov RE, Ostrovskii VA. Tetrazoles for biomedicine. RUSSIAN CHEMICAL REVIEWS 2019. [DOI: 10.1070/rcr4864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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13
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Groves LM, Williams CF, Hayes AJ, Ward BD, Isaacs MD, Symonds NO, Lloyd D, Horton PN, Coles SJ, Pope SJA. Fluorescent functionalised naphthalimides and their Au(i)–NHC complexes for potential use in cellular bioimaging. Dalton Trans 2019; 48:1599-1612. [DOI: 10.1039/c8dt04069a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
A series of fluorescent gold(i)–NHC complexes have been developed and investigated as cell imaging agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara M. Groves
- School of Chemistry
- Main Building
- Cardiff University
- Cardiff CF10 3AT
- UK
| | | | - Anthony J. Hayes
- School of Biosciences (and Bio-imaging Research Hub)
- Sir Martin Evans Building
- Cardiff University
- Cardiff
- UK CF19 3AX
| | - Benjamin D. Ward
- School of Chemistry
- Main Building
- Cardiff University
- Cardiff CF10 3AT
- UK
| | - Marc D. Isaacs
- School of Biosciences (and Bio-imaging Research Hub)
- Sir Martin Evans Building
- Cardiff University
- Cardiff
- UK CF19 3AX
| | - Nadine O. Symonds
- School of Chemistry
- Main Building
- Cardiff University
- Cardiff CF10 3AT
- UK
| | - David Lloyd
- School of Biosciences (and Bio-imaging Research Hub)
- Sir Martin Evans Building
- Cardiff University
- Cardiff
- UK CF19 3AX
| | - Peter N. Horton
- UK National Crystallographic Service
- Chemistry
- Faculty of Natural and Environmental Sciences
- University of Southampton
- Southampton
| | - Simon J. Coles
- UK National Crystallographic Service
- Chemistry
- Faculty of Natural and Environmental Sciences
- University of Southampton
- Southampton
| | - Simon J. A. Pope
- School of Chemistry
- Main Building
- Cardiff University
- Cardiff CF10 3AT
- UK
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Fiorini V, Bergamini L, Monti N, Zacchini S, Plush SE, Massi M, Hochkoeppler A, Stefan A, Stagni S. Luminescent protein staining with Re(i) tetrazolato complexes. Dalton Trans 2018; 47:9400-9410. [DOI: 10.1039/c8dt02052c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Re(i) tricarbonyl diiimine complexes for the first time exploited as luminescent staining agents for SDS-PAGE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Fiorini
- Department of Industrial Chemistry “Toso Montanari”
- University of Bologna
- I-40136 Bologna
- Italy
| | - Linda Bergamini
- Department of Industrial Chemistry “Toso Montanari”
- University of Bologna
- I-40136 Bologna
- Italy
| | - Nicola Monti
- Department of Industrial Chemistry “Toso Montanari”
- University of Bologna
- I-40136 Bologna
- Italy
| | - Stefano Zacchini
- Department of Industrial Chemistry “Toso Montanari”
- University of Bologna
- I-40136 Bologna
- Italy
| | - Sally E. Plush
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences and the Future Industries Institute University of South Australia
- Adelaide
- Australia
| | - Massimiliano Massi
- Curtin Institute for Functional Molecules and Interfaces
- School of Molecular and Life Science
- Curtin University
- Bentley 6102
- Australia
| | | | - Alessandra Stefan
- CSGI
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Florence
- I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino (FI)
- Italy
| | - Stefano Stagni
- Department of Industrial Chemistry “Toso Montanari”
- University of Bologna
- I-40136 Bologna
- Italy
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15
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Zanoni I, Fiorini V, Rosado M, Ballesteros B, Androulidaki M, Blosi M, Ortelli S, Stagni S, Dondi M, Costa AL. Encapsulation of cationic iridium(iii) tetrazole complexes into a silica matrix: synthesis, characterization and optical properties. NEW J CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8nj01514g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
We designed a multi-scale process, and obtained luminescent powders with preserved optical properties from molecular scale to microscale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Zanoni
- CNR-ISTEC-National Research Council of Italy
- Institute of Science and Technology for Ceramics
- Faenza
- Italy
| | - Valentina Fiorini
- Department of Industrial Chemistry “Toso Montanari”
- University of Bologna
- I-40136 Bologna
- Italy
| | - Marcos Rosado
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2)
- CSIC and BIST
- Campus UAB
- 08193 Barcelona
- Spain
| | - Belén Ballesteros
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2)
- CSIC and BIST
- Campus UAB
- 08193 Barcelona
- Spain
| | | | - Magda Blosi
- CNR-ISTEC-National Research Council of Italy
- Institute of Science and Technology for Ceramics
- Faenza
- Italy
| | - Simona Ortelli
- CNR-ISTEC-National Research Council of Italy
- Institute of Science and Technology for Ceramics
- Faenza
- Italy
| | - Stefano Stagni
- Department of Industrial Chemistry “Toso Montanari”
- University of Bologna
- I-40136 Bologna
- Italy
| | - Michele Dondi
- CNR-ISTEC-National Research Council of Italy
- Institute of Science and Technology for Ceramics
- Faenza
- Italy
| | - Anna Luisa Costa
- CNR-ISTEC-National Research Council of Italy
- Institute of Science and Technology for Ceramics
- Faenza
- Italy
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