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Chen T, Ge Z, Yang X, Wang X, Zuo H, Liao Y, Chen Z, Zhang Z, Chen M, Zhao J, Luo J. Characterization of a new Camellia plant resource with low caffeine and high theobromine for production of a novel natural low-caffeine tea. Food Chem X 2024; 23:101586. [PMID: 39036481 PMCID: PMC11260029 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2024.101586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Revised: 06/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Yuanbaoshancha (YBSC) is characterized as a new wild tea relative morphologically and phytochemically distinguished from the closest wild tea plants Rongjiangcha (Camellia yungkiangensis, RJC) and Tulecha (Camellia costata, TLC). YBSC young leaves contain higher tea polyphenol and theobromine contents but lower caffeine and theanine as compared with RJC, TLC, and other tea landraces and modern cultivars. The major alkaloid detected in YBSC, TLC, and RJC is theobromine while caffeine is a minor; the primary catechins in YBSC leaves are non-galloylated catechins, significantly different from Camellia sinensis and other low-caffeine tea resources. The unique phytochemical profiles featured YBSC black tea with extremely lower caffeine and higher theobromine, as well as unique flavors and health benefits. This botanical characterization of YBSC and two related low-caffeine wild tea resources lays a foundation for future better utilization for the production of a highly valuable natural low-caffeine/high-theobromine tea. Chemical compounds Caffeine (PubChem CID: 2519); Theobromine (PubChem CID: 5429); Catechins (PubChem CID: 9064); Epigallocatechin gallate (PubChem CID: 65064); Theanine (PubChem CID: 439378); Jasmone (PubChem CID: 1549018); cis-3-Hexenyl hexanoate (PubChem CID: 5352543); Hexyl 2-methylbutanoate (PubChem CID: 24838).
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Affiliation(s)
- Taolin Chen
- Tea College of Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
- Key Laboratory of Tea Science, Ministry of Education, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Zhiwen Ge
- Agricultural Technology Extension Center of Liuzhou, Liuzhou 545001, China
| | - Xuemei Yang
- Agriculture and Rural Affairs Bureau of Rongshui, Liuzhou 545300, China
| | - Xifu Wang
- Forestry Research Institute of Liuzhou, Liuzhou 545300, China
| | - Hao Zuo
- Key Laboratory of Tea Science, Ministry of Education, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Yinping Liao
- Agricultural Technology Extension Center of Liuzhou, Liuzhou 545001, China
| | - Zhiping Chen
- Agriculture and Rural Affairs Bureau of Rongshui, Liuzhou 545300, China
| | - Zheng Zhang
- Agricultural Technology Extension Center of Liuzhou, Liuzhou 545001, China
| | - Meili Chen
- Greening Construction Development Center of Liuzhou, Liuzhou 545001, China
| | - Jian Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Tea Science, Ministry of Education, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Junwu Luo
- Key Laboratory of Tea Science, Ministry of Education, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
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Tuo Y, Lu X, Tao F, Tukhvatshin M, Xiang F, Wang X, Shi Y, Lin J, Hu Y. The Potential Mechanisms of Catechins in Tea for Anti-Hypertension: An Integration of Network Pharmacology, Molecular Docking, and Molecular Dynamics Simulation. Foods 2024; 13:2685. [PMID: 39272451 PMCID: PMC11394219 DOI: 10.3390/foods13172685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2024] [Revised: 08/22/2024] [Accepted: 08/23/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Catechins, a class of polyphenolic compounds found in tea, have attracted significant attention due to their numerous health benefits, particularly for the treatment and protection of hypertension. However, the potential targets and mechanisms of action of catechins in combating hypertension remain unclear. This study systematically investigates the anti-hypertensive mechanisms of tea catechins using network pharmacology, molecular docking, and molecular dynamics simulation techniques. The results indicate that 23 potential anti-hypertensive targets for eight catechin components were predicted through public databases. The analysis of protein-protein interaction (PPI) identified three key targets (MMP9, BCL2, and HIF1A). KEGG pathway and GO enrichment analyses revealed that these key targets play significant roles in regulating vascular smooth muscle contraction, promoting angiogenesis, and mediating vascular endothelial growth factor receptor signaling. The molecular docking results demonstrate that the key targets (MMP9, BCL2, and HIF1A) effectively bind with catechin components (CG, GCG, ECG, and EGCG) through hydrogen bonds and hydrophobic interactions. Molecular dynamics simulations further confirmed the stability of the binding between catechins and the targets. This study systematically elucidates the potential mechanisms by which tea catechins treat anti-hypertension and provides a theoretical basis for the development and application of tea catechins as functional additives for the prevention of hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanming Tuo
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Xiaofeng Lu
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Fang Tao
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Marat Tukhvatshin
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Fumin Xiang
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Xi Wang
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Yutao Shi
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- College of Tea and Food Sciences, Wuyi University, Wuyishan 354300, China
| | - Jinke Lin
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Yunfei Hu
- Anxi College of Tea Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
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3
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Li Z, Wang M, Yang Z. Structural characterization, anti-tumor and immunomodulatory activity of intracellular polysaccharide from Armillaria luteo-virens. Carbohydr Res 2023; 534:108945. [PMID: 37738818 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2023.108945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
Armillaria luteo-virens (A. luteo-virens) is a kind of edible fungus mainly exists in Qinghai-Tibet of China, but at present only very few studies focus on the bioactivities of its polysaccharides. This study aimed to purify and characterize the structure features of a novel intracellular polysaccharide (ALP-A) derived from A. luteo-virens and explore its potential anti-tumor and immunomodulatory activities. Through systematic separation and purification, we obtained a homogeneous ALP-A with an average molecular weight of 23693Da. Structural analysis indicated that ALP-A was mainly composed of glucose and mannose with a molar ratio of 6.02:1. The repeating unit of ALP-A was →4) -α-D-Glcp-(1→ backbone with α-Glcp-(1→ and α-Manp-(6→ side chains which branched at O-2 position. The anti-tumor assays in vivo suggested that ALP-A could effectively restrain S180 solid tumor growth, protect immune organs and promote the secretion of cytokines (IL2, IL6 and TNF-α) in serum. Besides, in vitro immunomodulatory assays indicated that ALP-A could improve proliferation, phagocytic capacity and raise the level of NO and cytokines in Raw264.7 cells. These results demonstrate that ALP-A which possess potential antitumor and immunomodulatory abilities can be developed as a new functional food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhang Li
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China
| | - Miao Wang
- Laboratory Animal Center, West China School of Basic Medical Science & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Zhirong Yang
- Key Laboratory of Biological Resource and Ecological Environment of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China
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4
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Yang G, Meng Q, Shi J, Zhou M, Zhu Y, You Q, Xu P, Wu W, Lin Z, Lv H. Special tea products featuring functional components: Health benefits and processing strategies. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2023; 22:1686-1721. [PMID: 36856036 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.13127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
Abstract
The functional components in tea confer various potential health benefits to humans. To date, several special tea products featuring functional components (STPFCs) have been successfully developed, such as O-methylated catechin-rich tea, γ-aminobutyric acid-rich tea, low-caffeine tea, and selenium-rich tea products. STPFCs have some unique and enhanced health benefits when compared with conventional tea products, which can meet the specific needs and preferences of different groups and have huge market potential. The processing strategies to improve the health benefits of tea products by regulating the functional component content have been an active area of research in food science. The fresh leaves of some specific tea varieties rich in functional components are used as raw materials, and special processing technologies are employed to prepare STPFCs. Huge progress has been achieved in the research and development of these STPFCs. However, the current status of these STPFCs has not yet been systematically reviewed. Here, studies on STPFCs have been comprehensively reviewed with a focus on their potential health benefits and processing strategies. Additionally, other chemical components with the potential to be developed into special teas and the application of tea functional components in the food industry have been discussed. Finally, suggestions on the promises and challenges for the future study of these STPFCs have been provided. This paper might shed light on the current status of the research and development of these STPFCs. Future studies on STPFCs should focus on screening specific tea varieties, identifying new functional components, evaluating health-promoting effects, improving flavor quality, and elucidating the interactions between functional components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaozhong Yang
- Key Laboratory of Tea Biology and Resource Utilization of Ministry of Agriculture, Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China.,Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qing Meng
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jiang Shi
- Key Laboratory of Tea Biology and Resource Utilization of Ministry of Agriculture, Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Mengxue Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Tea Biology and Resource Utilization of Ministry of Agriculture, Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yin Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Tea Biology and Resource Utilization of Ministry of Agriculture, Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qiushuang You
- Key Laboratory of Tea Biology and Resource Utilization of Ministry of Agriculture, Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China.,Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ping Xu
- Institute of Tea Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wenliang Wu
- Tea Research Institute, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, China
| | - Zhi Lin
- Key Laboratory of Tea Biology and Resource Utilization of Ministry of Agriculture, Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Haipeng Lv
- Key Laboratory of Tea Biology and Resource Utilization of Ministry of Agriculture, Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
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5
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Chemical composition and anti-inflammatory activity of water extract from black cocoa tea (Camellia ptilophylla). Food Res Int 2022; 161:111831. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.111831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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6
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Gao X, Zeng R, Qi J, Ho CT, Li B, Chen Z, Chen S, Xiao C, Hu H, Cai M, Xie Y, Wu Q. Immunoregulatory activity of a low-molecular-weight heteropolysaccharide from Ganoderma leucocontextum fruiting bodies in vitro and in vivo. Food Chem X 2022; 14:100321. [PMID: 35571333 PMCID: PMC9092982 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2022.100321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Revised: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The chemical structure of GLP-1, a novel water-soluble heteropolysaccharide purified Ganoderma leucocontextum fruiting bodies, has been characterized in our previous study. This study aimed to investigate the immunostimulatory activity of GLP-1 in vitro and in vivo by using RAW264.7 macrophages and cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppressed mice model. Results showed that GLP-1 was able to enhance phagocytic activity and promote the production of reactive oxygen species, nitric oxide, tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6, and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 in RAW264.7 macrophages. Moreover, GLP-1 could activate mitogen-activated protein kinase, phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase/protein kinase B, and nuclear factor-kappa B signaling pathways through toll-like receptor 2 and dectin-1 receptors. Furthermore, GLP-1 increased the thymus index, serum immunoglobulin levels, and percentage of CD3+ T lymphocytes in cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppressed mice. These results demonstrated that GLP-1 possessed significant immunostimulatory effects in vivo and in vitro and could be developed as an effective immunomodulator for application in functional foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiong Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiomics and Precision Application, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510070, China
| | - Ranhua Zeng
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, 483 Wushan Street, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Jiayi Qi
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, 483 Wushan Street, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Chi-Tang Ho
- Department of Food Science, Rutgers University, 65 Dudley Road, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
| | - Bin Li
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, 483 Wushan Street, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510642, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Zhongzheng Chen
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, 483 Wushan Street, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510642, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Shaodan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiomics and Precision Application, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510070, China
| | - Chun Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiomics and Precision Application, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510070, China
| | - Huiping Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiomics and Precision Application, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510070, China
| | - Manjun Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiomics and Precision Application, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510070, China
| | - Yizhen Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiomics and Precision Application, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510070, China.,Guangdong Yuewei Edible Fungi Technology Co. Ltd., Guangzhou 510663, China.,Guangdong Yuewei Biotechnology Co. Ltd., Zhaoqing 526000, China
| | - Qingping Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiomics and Precision Application, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510070, China
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7
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Protective effects of gallocatechin gallate against ultraviolet B induced skin damages in hairless mice. Sci Rep 2022; 12:1310. [PMID: 35079059 PMCID: PMC8789851 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-05305-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) has the effect to protect skin from ultraviolet B (UVB) induced damages, but it is unstable under ambient conditions, being susceptible to become brown in color. Gallocatechin gallate (GCG), an epimer counterpart of EGCG, is more stable chemically than EGCG. The potential effects of GCG against UVB-induced skin damages has not been available. The objective of this study was to investigate the protective effects of GCG against UVB-induced skin photodamages. GCG was topically applied on the skin of hairless mice at three dosage levels (LL, 12.5 mg/mL; ML 25 mg/mL; HL, 50 mg/mL), with EGCG and a commercially available baby sunscreen lotion SPF50 PA+++ as control. The mice were then irradiated by UVB (fluence rate 1.7 µmol/m2 s) for 45 min. The treatments were carried out once a day for 6 consecutive days. Skin measurements and histological studies were performed at the end of experiment. The results show that GCG treatments at ML and HL levels inhibited the increase in levels of skin oil and pigmentation induced by UVB irradiation, and improved the skin elasticity and collagen fibers. GCG at ML and HL levels inhibited the formation of melanosomes and aberrations in mitochondria of UVB-irradiated skin in hairless mice. It is concluded that GCG protected skin from UVB-induced photodamages by improving skin elasticity and collagen fibers, and inhibiting aberrations in mitochondria and formation of melanosomes.
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CHEN C, WEN D, DU J, XIAO H, ZHONG S, WU Z, PENG J, LIU D, TANG H. Activation of SIRT1 signaling pathway by clove improves cognitive dysfunction in septic mice. FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/fst.82622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Juan DU
- Army Medical University, China
| | | | | | | | - Ji PENG
- Army Medical University, China
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9
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Yunnan Black Tea Flavonoids Can Improve Cognitive Dysfunction in Septic Mice by Activating SIRT1. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 2021:5775040. [PMID: 34721636 PMCID: PMC8556089 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5775040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Revised: 09/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
This study explored the effect and mechanism of Yunnan black tea flavonoids (YBTF) on cognitive dysfunction in septic mice. The mice were induced sepsis, the serum was determined using kits, and the tissue was determined by qPCR assay. The Yunnan black tea flavonoids were checked using HPLC. The test results showed that compared with the model group, YBTF could increase the survival rate of the mice; meanwhile, YBTF could also increase the total distance travelled, number of stands, and number of groomings, as well as the number of times crossing the area in the target quadrant. Detection of nerve cells showed that YBTF could reduce the rate of nerve cell apoptosis caused by sepsis. YBTF also reduced the levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), and malondialdehyde (MDA) in the hippocampus of septic mice and increased the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) enzymes. YBTF could also upregulate the mRNA expression of SOD1, SOD2, CAT, and forkhead box O1 (FOXO1) and downregulate the mRNA expression of TNF-α, IL-1β, nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB), p53, and SIRT1 in the hippocampus of septic mice. The animal experiment results showed that YBTF could improve the cognitive dysfunction of septic mice. The effect of YBTF was weaker than that of dexamethasone, but it could enhance the improvement effect when used in conjunction with dexamethasone. The component analysis results showed that YBTF contained 9 compounds, including catechin, gallocatechin gallate, rutin, hyperoside, epicatechin gallate, dihydroquercetin, quercetin, myricetin, and sulphuretin. From these results, YBTF could activate SIRT1 through its active compound components to improve the cognitive dysfunction of septic mice.
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10
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Structural characterization and immunomodulatory activity of a water-soluble polysaccharide from Ganoderma leucocontextum fruiting bodies. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 249:116874. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.116874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Revised: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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11
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Lee SA, Moon SM, Han SH, Hwang EJ, Hong JH, Park BR, Choi MS, Ahn H, Kim JS, Kim HJ, Chun HS, Kim DK, Kim CS. In Vivo and In Vitro Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Aqueous Extract of Anthriscus sylvestris Leaves. J Med Food 2018; 21:585-595. [DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2017.4089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Seul Ah Lee
- Department of Oral Biochemistry, College of Dentistry, Chosun University, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Sung-Min Moon
- Department of Oral Biology Research Institute, College of Dentistry, Chosun University, Gwangju, Korea
- CStech Research Institute, Gwangju, Korea
| | | | - Eun Ju Hwang
- Department of Oral Biochemistry, College of Dentistry, Chosun University, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Joon Ho Hong
- Nano Bio Research Center, Jeonnam Bioindustry Foundation, Jang Seong, Jeollanam-do, Korea
| | - Bo-Ram Park
- Department of Dental Hygiene, Chodang University, Muan, Muan-eup, Korea
| | - Mi Suk Choi
- Department of Dental Hygiene, Chodang University, Muan, Muan-eup, Korea
| | - Hoon Ahn
- Department of Dental Hygiene, Chodang University, Muan, Muan-eup, Korea
| | - Jae-Sung Kim
- Department of Oral Biology Research Institute, College of Dentistry, Chosun University, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Heung-Joong Kim
- Department of Oral Biology Research Institute, College of Dentistry, Chosun University, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Hong Sung Chun
- Department of Biomedical Science, Chosun University, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Do Kyung Kim
- Department of Oral Biology Research Institute, College of Dentistry, Chosun University, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Chun Sung Kim
- Department of Oral Biochemistry, College of Dentistry, Chosun University, Gwangju, Korea
- Department of Oral Biology Research Institute, College of Dentistry, Chosun University, Gwangju, Korea
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12
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Gao X, Ho CT, Li X, Lin X, Zhang Y, Chen Z, Li B. Phytochemicals, Anti-Inflammatory, Antiproliferative, and Methylglyoxal Trapping Properties of Zijuan Tea. J Food Sci 2018; 83:517-524. [PMID: 29337349 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.14029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2017] [Revised: 11/01/2017] [Accepted: 12/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Zijuan tea (Camellia sinensis var. assamica) is a unique anthocyanin-rich tea cultivar in China. Although chemical component analysis of Zijuan tea and extraction technology of anthocyanins was widely documented, its functional properties have not been extensively explored. In this study, the anti-inflammatory, antiproliferative, and methylglyoxal (MGO) trapping activities of water extract (ZWE) and ethyl acetate extract (ZEE) of Zijuan tea were investigated for the 1st time. Results showed that ZWE and ZEE exhibited inhibitory effects on nitric oxide (NO), tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and interleukin (IL)-6 production as well as inducible nitric oxide synthase protein (iNOS) expression in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW 264.7 macrophages. Moreover, Zijuan tea extracts exerted stronger antiproliferative activity against HCT-116 cells compared with HepG2 and MDA-MB-231 cells, and thus could induce apoptosis in HCT-116 cells in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, Zijuan tea extracts were effective in trapping MGO under simulated physiological conditions, and the T1/2 (the time for 50% MGO remaining) values of ZWE and ZEE were 3.69 and 6.20 min, respectively. Additionally, the contents of total phenolics and catechins in ZEE were 685.43 ± 16.00 and 454.96 ± 4.21 mg/g extract, respectively, and in ZWE were 422.59 ± 12.09 and 307.29 ± 0.85 mg/g extract, respectively. Therefore, ZEE exhibited better anti-inflammatory, antiproliferative, and MGO trapping properties than ZWE may be mainly attributed to its higher (P < 0.05) content of total phenolics, expecially catechins. These results suggest that Zijuan tea could be a potential natural resource for the development of functional tea beverage. PRACTICAL APPLICATION This study revealed that Zijuan tea extracts possessed anti-inflammatory, antiproliferative, and methylglyoxal trapping potentials in vitro. With high anthocyanins and polyphenols, Zijuan tea can be developed into a healthy tea beverage or used as a natural component to reduce the level of methylglyoxal in Maillard reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiong Gao
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural Univ., 483 Wushan Street, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510642, China.,Dept. of Food Science, Rutgers Univ., 65 Dudley Road, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, U.S.A
| | - Chi-Tang Ho
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural Univ., 483 Wushan Street, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510642, China.,Dept. of Food Science, Rutgers Univ., 65 Dudley Road, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, U.S.A
| | - Xiaofei Li
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural Univ., 483 Wushan Street, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Xiaorong Lin
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural Univ., 483 Wushan Street, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural Univ., 483 Wushan Street, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Zhongzheng Chen
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural Univ., 483 Wushan Street, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Bin Li
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural Univ., 483 Wushan Street, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510642, China
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