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Gălbău CȘ, Badea M, Gaman LE. Do Young Consumers Care about Antioxidant Benefits and Resveratrol and Caffeic Acid Consumption? Nutrients 2024; 16:1439. [PMID: 38794677 PMCID: PMC11123920 DOI: 10.3390/nu16101439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2024] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Resveratrol and caffeic acid are some of the most consumed antioxidants during the day, so their importance as sources and their benefits need to be evaluated and updated. This survey aimed not only to analyze whether young Romanian consumers are informed about the benefits of antioxidants in general, and resveratrol and caffeic acid in particular, but also to observe the degree of nutritional education of these participants. Young consumers know the concept of antioxidants relatively well; they managed to give examples of antioxidants and indicate their effects. The majority of those chosen drink wine and coffee, but many are unaware of their health advantages and antioxidant properties. Students are less familiar with the antioxidant chemicals resveratrol and caffeic acid. It is advised to have a thorough understanding of these significant antioxidants and their nutritional content as they are present in our regular diets, and further studies on different kinds of antioxidants are required to increase the awareness of people concerning their importance in daily life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Ștefania Gălbău
- Department of Fundamental, Prophylactic and Clinical Disciplines, Faculty of Medicine, Transilvania University of Brasov, 500036 Brașov, Romania;
- Research Center for Fundamental Research and Prevention Strategies in Medicine, Research and Development Institute of Transilvania University of Brasov, 500484 Brașov, Romania
| | - Mihaela Badea
- Department of Fundamental, Prophylactic and Clinical Disciplines, Faculty of Medicine, Transilvania University of Brasov, 500036 Brașov, Romania;
- Research Center for Fundamental Research and Prevention Strategies in Medicine, Research and Development Institute of Transilvania University of Brasov, 500484 Brașov, Romania
| | - Laura Elena Gaman
- Faculty of Medicine, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania;
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Xiang Y, Xu Y, Li J, Jiang J, Wang Y, Li X, Ai W, Mi P, Yang Z, Zheng Z. A Review on the Mechanism and Structure-activity Relationship of Resveratrol Heteroaryl Analogues. Comb Chem High Throughput Screen 2024; 27:947-958. [PMID: 37448369 DOI: 10.2174/1386207326666230713125512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Revised: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
Resveratrol is one of the most interesting naturally-occurring nonflavonoid phenolic compounds with various biological activities, such as anticancer, neuroprotection, antibacterial, and anti-inflammatory. However, there is no clinical usage of resveratrol due to either its poor activity or poor pharmacokinetic properties. Heteroarenes-modified resveratrol is one pathway to improve its biological activities and bioavailability, and form more modification sites. In this review, we present the progress of heteroaryl analogues of resveratrol with promising biological activities in the latest five years, ranging from the synthesis to the structure-activity relationship and mechanism of actions. Finally, introducing heteroarenes into resveratrol is an effective strategy, which focuses on the selectivity of structure-activity relationship in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yijun Xiang
- Department of Pharmacy, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment Responsive Drug Research, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
| | - Yao Xu
- Department of Pharmacy, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment Responsive Drug Research, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
| | - Jiaxin Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment Responsive Drug Research, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
| | - Jingyi Jiang
- Department of Pharmacy, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment Responsive Drug Research, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
| | - Yanjie Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment Responsive Drug Research, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
| | - Xiaoshun Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment Responsive Drug Research, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
| | - Wenbin Ai
- Department of Pharmacy, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment Responsive Drug Research, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
| | - Pengbing Mi
- Department of Pharmacy, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment Responsive Drug Research, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
| | - Zehua Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment Responsive Drug Research, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
| | - Zitong Zheng
- Department of Pharmacy, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment Responsive Drug Research, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
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Ang HL, Mohan CD, Shanmugam MK, Leong HC, Makvandi P, Rangappa KS, Bishayee A, Kumar AP, Sethi G. Mechanism of epithelial-mesenchymal transition in cancer and its regulation by natural compounds. Med Res Rev 2023. [PMID: 36929669 DOI: 10.1002/med.21948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a complex process with a primordial role in cellular transformation whereby an epithelial cell transforms and acquires a mesenchymal phenotype. This transformation plays a pivotal role in tumor progression and self-renewal, and exacerbates resistance to apoptosis and chemotherapy. EMT can be initiated and promoted by deregulated oncogenic signaling pathways, hypoxia, and cells in the tumor microenvironment, resulting in a loss-of-epithelial cell polarity, cell-cell adhesion, and enhanced invasive/migratory properties. Numerous transcriptional regulators, such as Snail, Slug, Twist, and ZEB1/ZEB2 induce EMT through the downregulation of epithelial markers and gain-of-expression of the mesenchymal markers. Additionally, signaling cascades such as Wnt/β-catenin, Notch, Sonic hedgehog, nuclear factor kappa B, receptor tyrosine kinases, PI3K/AKT/mTOR, Hippo, and transforming growth factor-β pathways regulate EMT whereas they are often deregulated in cancers leading to aberrant EMT. Furthermore, noncoding RNAs, tumor-derived exosomes, and epigenetic alterations are also involved in the modulation of EMT. Therefore, the regulation of EMT is a vital strategy to control the aggressive metastatic characteristics of tumor cells. Despite the vast amount of preclinical data on EMT in cancer progression, there is a lack of clinical translation at the therapeutic level. In this review, we have discussed thoroughly the role of the aforementioned transcription factors, noncoding RNAs (microRNAs, long noncoding RNA, circular RNA), signaling pathways, epigenetic modifications, and tumor-derived exosomes in the regulation of EMT in cancers. We have also emphasized the contribution of EMT to drug resistance and possible therapeutic interventions using plant-derived natural products, their semi-synthetic derivatives, and nano-formulations that are described as promising EMT blockers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Li Ang
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Muthu K Shanmugam
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Hin Chong Leong
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Pooyan Makvandi
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia Centre for Materials Interface, Pontedera, Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Anupam Bishayee
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, Florida, USA
| | - Alan Prem Kumar
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- NUS Center for Cancer Research, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Gautam Sethi
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- NUS Center for Cancer Research, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
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Barber TM, Kabisch S, Randeva HS, Pfeiffer AFH, Weickert MO. Implications of Resveratrol in Obesity and Insulin Resistance: A State-of-the-Art Review. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14142870. [PMID: 35889827 PMCID: PMC9320680 DOI: 10.3390/nu14142870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Resveratrol is a polyphenol chemical that naturally occurs in many plant-based dietary products, most notably, red wine. Discovered in 1939, widespread interest in the potential health benefits of resveratrol emerged in the 1970s in response to epidemiological data on the cardioprotective effects of wine. Objective: To explore the background of resveratrol (including its origins, stability, and metabolism), the metabolic effects of resveratrol and its mechanisms of action, and a potential future role of dietary resveratrol in the lifestyle management of obesity. Data sources: We performed a narrative review, based on relevant articles written in English from a Pubmed search, using the following search terms: “resveratrol”, “obesity”, “Diabetes Mellitus”, and “insulin sensitivity”. Results: Following its ingestion, resveratrol undergoes extensive metabolism. This includes conjugation (with sulfate and glucuronate) within enterocytes, hydrolyzation and reduction within the gut through the action of the microbiota (with the formation of metabolites such as dihydroresveratrol), and enterohepatic circulation via the bile. Ex vivo studies on adipose tissue reveal that resveratrol inhibits adipogenesis and prevents the accumulation of triglycerides through effects on the expression of Peroxisome Proliferator-activated Receptor γ (PPARγ) and sirtuin 1, respectively. Furthermore, resveratrol induces anti-inflammatory effects, supported by data from animal-based studies. Limited data from human-based studies reveal that resveratrol improves insulin sensitivity and fasting glucose levels in patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and may improve inflammatory status in human obesity. Although numerous mechanisms may underlie the metabolic benefits of resveratrol, evidence supports a role in its interaction with the gut microbiota and modulation of protein targets, including sirtuins and proteins related to nitric oxide, insulin, and nuclear hormone receptors (such as PPARγ). Conclusions: Despite much interest, there remain important unanswered questions regarding its optimal dosage (and how this may differ between and within individuals), and possible benefits within the general population, including the potential for weight-loss and improved metabolic function. Future studies should properly address these important questions before we can advocate the widespread adoption of dietary resveratrol supplementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas M. Barber
- Warwickshire Institute for the Study of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire, Clifford Bridge Road, Coventry CV2 2DX, UK; (T.M.B.); (H.S.R.)
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK
- NIHR CRF Human Metabolism Research Unit, University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire, Clifford Bridge Road, Coventry CV2 2DX, UK
| | - Stefan Kabisch
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Medicine, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité University Medicine, Hindenburgdamm 30, 12203 Berlin, Germany; (S.K.); (A.F.H.P.)
| | - Harpal S. Randeva
- Warwickshire Institute for the Study of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire, Clifford Bridge Road, Coventry CV2 2DX, UK; (T.M.B.); (H.S.R.)
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK
- NIHR CRF Human Metabolism Research Unit, University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire, Clifford Bridge Road, Coventry CV2 2DX, UK
| | - Andreas F. H. Pfeiffer
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Medicine, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité University Medicine, Hindenburgdamm 30, 12203 Berlin, Germany; (S.K.); (A.F.H.P.)
- Deutsches Zentrum für Diabetesforschung e.V., Geschäftsstelle am Helmholtz-Zentrum München, Ingolstädter Landstraße, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Martin O. Weickert
- Warwickshire Institute for the Study of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire, Clifford Bridge Road, Coventry CV2 2DX, UK; (T.M.B.); (H.S.R.)
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK
- NIHR CRF Human Metabolism Research Unit, University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire, Clifford Bridge Road, Coventry CV2 2DX, UK
- Centre for Sport, Exercise and Life Sciences, Faculty of Health & Life Sciences, Coventry University, Coventry CV1 2TU, UK
- Correspondence:
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Attempts to Create Products with Increased Health-Promoting Potential Starting with Pinot Noir Pomace: Investigations on the Process and Its Methods. Foods 2022; 11:foods11141999. [PMID: 35885242 PMCID: PMC9323902 DOI: 10.3390/foods11141999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Revised: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
A process for using grape (Pinot noir) pomace to produce products with improved health-promoting effects was investigated. This process integrated a solid–liquid extraction (SLE) method and a method to acylate the polyphenolics in the extract. This report describes and discusses the methods used, including the rationale and considerations behind them, and the results obtained. The study begins with the work to optimize the SLE method for extracting higher quantities of (+)-catechin, (−)-epicatechin and quercetin by trialing 28 different solvent systems on small-scale samples of Pinot noir pomace. One of these systems was then selected and used for the extraction of the same flavonoids on a large-scale mass of pomace. It was found that significantly fewer quantities of flavonoids were observed. The resultant extract was then subject to a method of derivatization using three different fatty acylating agents. The antiproliferative activities of these products were measured; however, the resulting products did not display activity against the chosen cancer cells. Limitations and improvements to the methods in this process are also discussed.
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Potential Therapeutic Targets of Resveratrol, a Plant Polyphenol, and Its Role in the Therapy of Various Types of Cancer. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27092665. [PMID: 35566016 PMCID: PMC9101422 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27092665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is among the most prominent causes of mortality worldwide. Different cancer therapy modes employed, including chemotherapy and radiotherapy, have been reported to be significant in cancer management, but the side effects associated with these treatment strategies are still a health problem. Therefore, alternative anticancer drugs based on medicinal plants or their active compounds have been generating attention because of their less serious side effects. Medicinal plants are an excellent source of phytochemicals that have been recognized to have health-prompting effects through modulating cell signaling pathways. Resveratrol is a well-known polyphenolic molecule with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and health-prompting effects among which its anticancer role has been best defined. Additionally, this polyphenol has confirmed its role in cancer management because it activates tumor suppressor genes, suppresses cell proliferation, induces apoptosis, inhibits angiogenesis, and modulates several other cell signaling molecules. The anticancer potential of resveratrol is recognized in numerous in vivo and in vitro studies. Previous experimental data suggested that resveratrol may be valuable in cancer management or improve the efficacy of drugs when given with anticancer drugs. This review emphasizes the potential role of resveratrol as an anticancer drug by modulating numerous cells signaling pathways in different types of cancer.
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7
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Zhang L, Hu J, Qiao Y. Crystal structure of ( E)-1-(4-(3,5-dimethoxystyryl)phenyl)-7-ethylheptanedioate, C 25H 30O 6. Z KRIST-NEW CRYST ST 2022. [DOI: 10.1515/ncrs-2022-0079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
C25H30O6, orthorhombic, Pna21 (no. 33), a = 7.556(2) Å, b = 37.198(12) Å, c = 8.113(2) Å, V = 2280.2(11) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt
(F) = 0.0610, wR
ref
(F
2) = 0.1634, T = 170 K.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lilei Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Luoyang Normal University , Luoyang , China
| | - Jiamin Hu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Luoyang Normal University , Luoyang , China
| | - Yumeng Qiao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Luoyang Normal University , Luoyang , China
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Semenov AV, Semenova EV, Balakireva OI. Heterocyclic Resveratrol Analogs: Synthesis and Physiological Activity. Part 2: Analogs Obtained by the Replacement of Ethylene Fragments with Heterocyclic Residues. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF BIOORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s1068162022010113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Xu XL, Deng SL, Lian ZX, Yu K. Resveratrol Targets a Variety of Oncogenic and Oncosuppressive Signaling for Ovarian Cancer Prevention and Treatment. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10111718. [PMID: 34829589 PMCID: PMC8614917 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10111718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is a heterogeneous disease and is also the major cause of death among women from gynecologic malignancies. A combination of surgery and chemotherapy is the major therapy for ovarian cancer. Unfortunately, despite good response rates to initial surgery and chemotherapy, most patients relapse and have a generally poor survival rate. The present research sheds light on the therapeutic effects of multiple natural products in patients with ovarian cancer. Notably, these natural ingredients do not have adverse effects on healthy cells and tissues, indicating that natural products can serve as a safe alternative therapy for ovarian cancer. Trans-3,4,5′-Trihydroxystibene (resveratrol) is a natural product that is commonly found in the human diet and that has been shown to have anticancer effects on various human cancer cells. This review summarizes current knowledge regarding the progress of resveratrol against tumor cell proliferation, metastasis, apoptosis induction, autophagy, sensitization, and antioxidation as well as anti-inflammation. It also provides information regarding the role of resveratrol analogues in ovarian cancer. A better understanding of the role of resveratrol in ovarian cancer may provide a new array for the prevention and therapy of ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Ling Xu
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Animal Genetic Improvement, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China;
| | - Shou-Long Deng
- Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Comparative Medicine Center, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China; or
| | - Zheng-Xing Lian
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Animal Genetic Improvement, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China;
- Correspondence: (Z.-X.L.); (K.Y.)
| | - Kun Yu
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Animal Genetic Improvement, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China;
- Correspondence: (Z.-X.L.); (K.Y.)
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Guo K, Feng Y, Zheng X, Sun L, Wasan HS, Ruan S, Shen M. Resveratrol and Its Analogs: Potent Agents to Reverse Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition in Tumors. Front Oncol 2021; 11:644134. [PMID: 33937049 PMCID: PMC8085503 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.644134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), a complicated program through which polarized epithelial cells acquire motile mesothelial traits, is regulated by tumor microenvironment. EMT is involved in tumor progression, invasion and metastasis via reconstructing the cytoskeleton and degrading the tumor basement membrane. Accumulating evidence shows that resveratrol, as a non-flavonoid polyphenol, can reverse EMT and inhibit invasion and migration of human tumors via diverse mechanisms and signaling pathways. In the present review, we will summarize the detailed mechanisms and pathways by which resveratrol and its analogs (e.g. Triacetyl resveratrol, 3,5,4'-Trimethoxystilbene) might regulate the EMT process in cancer cells to better understand their potential as novel anti-tumor agents. Resveratrol can also reverse chemoresistance via EMT inhibition and improvement of the antiproliferative effects of conventional treatments. Therefore, resveratrol and its analogs have the potential to become novel adjunctive agents to inhibit cancer metastasis, which might be partly related to their blocking of the EMT process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaibo Guo
- The First Clinical Medical College of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuqian Feng
- The First Clinical Medical College of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xueer Zheng
- The First Clinical Medical College of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Leitao Sun
- The First Clinical Medical College of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Harpreet S. Wasan
- Department of Cancer Medicine, Hammersmith Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Shanming Ruan
- The First Clinical Medical College of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Minhe Shen
- The First Clinical Medical College of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
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11
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Ahmadi R, Ebrahimzadeh MA. Resveratrol - A comprehensive review of recent advances in anticancer drug design and development. Eur J Med Chem 2020; 200:112356. [PMID: 32485531 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.112356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Revised: 04/12/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Resveratrol is a natural polyphenolic stilbene isolated from various plants, foods and beverages with a broad spectrum of biological and pharmacological properties through modulating diverse targets and signaling pathways. Particularly, it has attracted a great deal of attention as a promising and multitarget anticancer agent due to its potential use in chemoprevention and chemotherapy of various tumors. However, unfavorable pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics profile such as poor bioavailability restricted its applications. Therefore, medicinal chemists have synthesized a lot of novel derivatives and analogues of resveratrol using different modification strategies to overcome these limitations and improve anticancer efficacy. Herein, we reviewed the design, synthesis, structure-activity relationship and mechanism of the most potent and privileged resveratrol-based compounds that showed promising anticancer activities in the last five years. We classified these compounds into the ten different categories based on their chemical structure similarities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Ahmadi
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Hemoglobinopathy Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ali Ebrahimzadeh
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Hemoglobinopathy Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
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12
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Targeting GSK3 and Associated Signaling Pathways Involved in Cancer. Cells 2020; 9:cells9051110. [PMID: 32365809 PMCID: PMC7290852 DOI: 10.3390/cells9051110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Revised: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK-3) is a serine/threonine (S/T) protein kinase. Although GSK-3 originally was identified to have functions in regulation of glycogen synthase, it was subsequently determined to have roles in multiple normal biochemical processes as well as various disease conditions. GSK-3 is sometimes referred to as a moonlighting protein due to the multiple substrates and processes which it controls. Frequently, when GSK-3 phosphorylates proteins, they are targeted for degradation. GSK-3 is often considered a component of the PI3K/PTEN/AKT/GSK-3/mTORC1 pathway as GSK-3 is frequently phosphorylated by AKT which regulates its inactivation. AKT is often active in human cancer and hence, GSK-3 is often inactivated. Moreover, GSK-3 also interacts with WNT/β-catenin signaling and β-catenin and other proteins in this pathway are targets of GSK-3. GSK-3 can modify NF-κB activity which is often expressed at high levels in cancer cells. Multiple pharmaceutical companies developed small molecule inhibitors to suppress GSK-3 activity. In addition, various natural products will modify GSK-3 activity. This review will focus on the effects of small molecule inhibitors and natural products on GSK-3 activity and provide examples where these compounds were effective in suppressing cancer growth.
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13
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Tian B, Liu J. Resveratrol: a review of plant sources, synthesis, stability, modification and food application. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2020; 100:1392-1404. [PMID: 31756276 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.10152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 200] [Impact Index Per Article: 50.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2019] [Revised: 10/25/2019] [Accepted: 11/17/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Resveratrol, a stilbene molecule belonging to the polyphenol family, is usually extracted from a great many natural plants. The technologies of preparation and extraction methods are developing rapidly. As resveratrol has many beneficial properties, it has been widely utilized in food and medicine industry. In terms of its structure, it is susceptible to degradation and can undergo chemical changes during food processing. Different studies have therefore given more attention to various aspects of resveratrol, including anti-aging, anti-oxidant, and anti-cancer activity. This review classifies the study of resveratrol, considers plant sources, synthesis, stability, common reactions, and food applications, and provides references to boost its food and medical utilization. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingren Tian
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xinjiang University, Urumchi, China
| | - Jiayue Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
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Ahmed F, Ijaz B, Ahmad Z, Farooq N, Sarwar MB, Husnain T. Modification of miRNA Expression through plant extracts and compounds against breast cancer: Mechanism and translational significance. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2020; 68:153168. [PMID: 31982837 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2020.153168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Revised: 01/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer is hyper-proliferative, multi-factorial and multi-step, heterogeneous group of molecular disorders. It is the second most reported disease after heart diseases. Breast carcinoma is the foremost death causing disease in female population worldwide. Cancer can be controlled by regulating the gene expression. Current therapeutic options are associated with severe side effects and are expensive for the people living in under-developed countries. Plant derived substances have potential application against different diseases like cancer, inflammation and viral infections. HYPOTHESIS The mechanism of action of the medicinal plants is largely unknown. Targeting gene network and miRNA using medicinal plants could help in improving the therapeutic options against cancer. METHODS The literature from 135 articles was reviewed by using PubMed, google scholar, Science direct to find out the plants and plant-based compounds against breast cancer and also the studies reporting their mechanistic route of action both at coding and noncoding RNA levels. RESULTS Natural products act as selective inhibitors of the cancerous cells by targeting oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes or altering miRNA expression. Natural compounds like EGCG from tea, Genistein from fava beans, curcumin from turmeric, DIM found in cruciferous, Resveratrol a polyphenol and Quercetin a flavonoid is found in various plants have been studied for their anticancer activity. The EGCG was found to inhibit proliferative activity by modulating miR-16 and miR-21. Similarly, DIM was found to down regulate miR-92a which results to modulate NFkB and stops cancer development. Another plant-based compound Glyceollins found to upregulate miR-181c and miR-181d having role in tumor suppression. It also found to regulate miR-22, 29b and c, miR-30d, 34a and 195. Quercetin having anti-cancer activity induce the apoptosis through regulating miR-16, 26b, 34a, let-7g, 125a and miR-605 and reduce the miRNA expression like miR-146a/b, 503 and 194 which are involved in metastasis. CONCLUSION Targeting miRNA expression using natural plant extracts can have a reverse effect on cell proliferation; turning on and off tumor-inducing and suppressing genes. It can be efficiently adopted as an adjuvant with the conventional form of therapies to increase their efficacy against cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fayyaz Ahmed
- National Center of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Bushra Ijaz
- National Center of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab Lahore, Pakistan.
| | - Zarnab Ahmad
- National Center of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Nadia Farooq
- Department of Surgery, Sir Gangaram Hospital Lahore Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Bilal Sarwar
- National Center of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Tayyab Husnain
- National Center of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab Lahore, Pakistan
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15
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Loh CY, Chai JY, Tang TF, Wong WF, Sethi G, Shanmugam MK, Chong PP, Looi CY. The E-Cadherin and N-Cadherin Switch in Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition: Signaling, Therapeutic Implications, and Challenges. Cells 2019; 8:cells8101118. [PMID: 31547193 PMCID: PMC6830116 DOI: 10.3390/cells8101118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 664] [Impact Index Per Article: 132.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2019] [Revised: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 09/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) has been shown to be crucial in tumorigenesis where the EMT program enhances metastasis, chemoresistance and tumor stemness. Due to its emerging role as a pivotal driver of tumorigenesis, targeting EMT is of great therapeutic interest in counteracting metastasis and chemoresistance in cancer patients. The hallmark of EMT is the upregulation of N-cadherin followed by the downregulation of E-cadherin, and this process is regulated by a complex network of signaling pathways and transcription factors. In this review, we summarized the recent understanding of the roles of E- and N-cadherins in cancer invasion and metastasis as well as the crosstalk with other signaling pathways involved in EMT. We also highlighted a few natural compounds with potential anti-EMT property and outlined the future directions in the development of novel intervention in human cancer treatments. We have reviewed 287 published papers related to this topic and identified some of the challenges faced in translating the discovery work from bench to bedside.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chin-Yap Loh
- School of Biosciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Taylor's University, Subang Jaya 47500, Malaysia.
| | - Jian Yi Chai
- School of Biosciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Taylor's University, Subang Jaya 47500, Malaysia.
| | - Ting Fang Tang
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia.
| | - Won Fen Wong
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia.
| | - Gautam Sethi
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore.
| | - Muthu Kumaraswamy Shanmugam
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore.
| | - Pei Pei Chong
- School of Biosciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Taylor's University, Subang Jaya 47500, Malaysia.
| | - Chung Yeng Looi
- School of Biosciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Taylor's University, Subang Jaya 47500, Malaysia.
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16
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Li QS, Li Y, Deora GS, Ruan BF. Derivatives and Analogues of Resveratrol: Recent Advances in Structural Modification. Mini Rev Med Chem 2019; 19:809-825. [DOI: 10.2174/1389557519666190128093840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2018] [Revised: 10/05/2018] [Accepted: 01/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Resveratrol is a non-flavonoid polyphenol containing a terpenoid backbone. It has been intensively studied because of its various promising biological properties, such as anticancer, antioxidant, antibacterial, neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory activities. However, the medicinal application of resveratrol is constrained by its poor bioavailability and stability. In the past decade, more attention has been focused on making resveratrol derivatives to improve its pharmacological activities and pharmacokinetics. This review covers the literature published over the past 15 years on synthetic analogues of resveratrol. The emphasis is on the chemistry of new compounds and relevant biological activities along with structure-activity relationship. This review aims to provide a scientific and reliable basis for the development of resveratrol-based clinical drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Shan Li
- School of Biological and Medical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China
| | - Yao Li
- School of Biological and Medical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China
| | - Girdhar Singh Deora
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Ban-Feng Ruan
- School of Biological and Medical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China
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17
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Kim TH, Park JH, Woo JS. Resveratrol induces cell death through ROS‑dependent downregulation of Notch1/PTEN/Akt signaling in ovarian cancer cells. Mol Med Rep 2019; 19:3353-3360. [PMID: 30816513 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.9962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2018] [Accepted: 02/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Resveratrol, a natural polyphenol compound, has been reported to exert anticancer activity in various cancer cells. The present study investigated the effect and underlying mechanisms of resveratrol in the human ovarian cancer cell lines, A2780 and SKOV3. Treatment with resveratrol induced apoptotic cell death in dose‑ and time‑dependent manners, as well as a transient increase of reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. Resveratrol‑induced cell death was attenuated by the antioxidant, N‑acetylcysteine (NAC), suggesting that ROS were involved in the observed cell death. Treatment with resveratrol resulted in a ROS‑dependent decrease of Notch1 signaling. When cells were transfected to overexpress Notch1 using EF.hlCN1.CMV.GFP, resveratrol‑induced cell death was blocked. Western blot analysis demonstrated that resveratrol also upregulated phospho‑phosphatase and tensin homolog (p‑PTEN) and downregulated phospho‑Akt (p‑Akt). Overexpression of p‑Akt by transfection with a constitutively active form (caAkt), and the p‑PTEN inhibitor SF1670 prevented resveratrol‑induced cell death. The caspase‑3 inhibitor z‑DEVD‑FMK significantly attenuated the resveratrol‑induced caspase‑3 cleavage. Taken together, the results of the present study suggest that resveratrol induces caspase‑dependent cell death through suppression of Notch1 and PTEN/Akt signaling and it is mediated by increased ROS generation in human ovarian cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thae Hyun Kim
- Department of Physiology, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, Gyeongsangnam-do 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Hye Park
- Department of Physiology, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, Gyeongsangnam-do 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Suk Woo
- Department of Physiology, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, Gyeongsangnam-do 50612, Republic of Korea
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18
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Bao LL, Liu ZQ. Hybrid of Resveratrol and Glucosamine: An Approach To Enhance Antioxidant Effect against DNA Oxidation. Chem Res Toxicol 2018; 31:936-944. [PMID: 30106278 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.8b00136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Resveratrol exhibits various pharmacological activities, which are dependent upon phenolic hydroxyl groups. In this work, glucosamine, lipoic acid, or adamantanamine moiety was applied for attaching to ortho-position of hydroxyl group in resorcinol moiety of resveratrol (known as position-2). Antioxidant effects of the obtained hybrids were characterized using DNA oxidative systems mediated by •OH, Cu2+/glutathione (GSH), and 2,2'-azobis(2-amidinopropanehydrochloride) (AAPH), respectively. The glucosyl-appended imine and amine at position-2 of resveratrol were found to show higher inhibitory effects than other resveratrol derivatives against AAPH-induced DNA oxidation. The antioxidative effect was quantitatively expressed by stoichiometric factor ( n, the number of radical-propagation terminated by one molecule of antioxidant). The stoichiometric factors of glucosyl-appended imine and amine of resveratrol increased to 4.74 (for imine) and 4.97 (for amine), respectively, higher than that of resveratrol (3.70) and glucoside of resveratrol (3.49). It was thereby concluded that the combination of resveratrol with glucosamine at position-2 represented a novel pathway for modifying resveratrol structure in the protection of DNA against peroxyl radical-mediated oxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang-Liang Bao
- Department of Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry , Jilin University , Changchun 130021 , China
| | - Zai-Qun Liu
- Department of Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry , Jilin University , Changchun 130021 , China
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19
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Shokoohinia Y, Jafari F, Mohammadi Z, Bazvandi L, Hosseinzadeh L, Chow N, Bhattacharyya P, Farzaei MH, Farooqi AA, Nabavi SM, Yerer MB, Bishayee A. Potential Anticancer Properties of Osthol: A Comprehensive Mechanistic Review. Nutrients 2018; 10:E36. [PMID: 29301373 PMCID: PMC5793264 DOI: 10.3390/nu10010036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2017] [Revised: 12/15/2017] [Accepted: 12/29/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is caused by uncontrolled cell proliferation which has the potential to occur in different tissues and spread into surrounding and distant tissues. Despite the current advances in the field of anticancer agents, rapidly developing resistance against different chemotherapeutic drugs and significantly higher off-target effects cause millions of deaths every year. Osthol is a natural coumarin isolated from Apiaceaous plants which has demonstrated several pharmacological effects, such as antineoplastic, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. We have attempted to summarize up-to-date information related to pharmacological effects and molecular mechanisms of osthol as a lead compound in managing malignancies. Electronic databases, including PubMed, Cochrane library, ScienceDirect and Scopus were searched for in vitro, in vivo and clinical studies on anticancer effects of osthol. Osthol exerts remarkable anticancer properties by suppressing cancer cell growth and induction of apoptosis. Osthol's protective and therapeutic effects have been observed in different cancers, including ovarian, cervical, colon and prostate cancers as well as chronic myeloid leukemia, lung adenocarcinoma, glioma, hepatocellular, glioblastoma, renal and invasive mammary carcinoma. A large body of evidence demonstrates that osthol regulates apoptosis, proliferation and invasion in different types of malignant cells which are mediated by multiple signal transduction cascades. In this review, we set spotlights on various pathways which are targeted by osthol in different cancers to inhibit cancer development and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yalda Shokoohinia
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 67146, Iran.
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 67146, Iran.
| | - Fataneh Jafari
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 67146, Iran.
| | - Zeynab Mohammadi
- Students Research Committee, School of Pharmacy, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 67146, Iran.
| | - Leili Bazvandi
- Students Research Committee, School of Pharmacy, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 67146, Iran.
| | - Leila Hosseinzadeh
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 67146, Iran.
| | - Nicholas Chow
- Department of Clinical and Administrative Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Larkin University, Miami, FL 33169, USA.
| | | | - Mohammad Hosein Farzaei
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 67146, Iran.
| | - Ammad Ahmad Farooqi
- Laboratory for Translational Oncology and Personalized Medicine, Rashid Latif Medical College, Lahore 54000, Pakistan.
| | - Seyed Mohammad Nabavi
- Applied Biotechnology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1435916471, Iran.
| | - Mükerrem Betül Yerer
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Erciyes, 38039 Kayseri, Turkey.
| | - Anupam Bishayee
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Larkin University, Miami, FL 33169, USA.
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20
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Wang W, Zhang L, Chen T, Guo W, Bao X, Wang D, Ren B, Wang H, Li Y, Wang Y, Chen S, Tang B, Yang Q, Chen C. Anticancer Effects of Resveratrol-Loaded Solid Lipid Nanoparticles on Human Breast Cancer Cells. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22111814. [PMID: 29068422 PMCID: PMC6150230 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22111814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2017] [Accepted: 10/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, resveratrol-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles (Res-SLNs) were successfully designed to treat MDA-MB-231 cells. The Res-SLNs were prepared using emulsification and low-temperature solidification method. The Res-SLNs were spherical, with small size, negative charge, and narrow size distribution. Compared with free resveratrol, the Res-SLNs displayed a superior ability in inhibiting the proliferation of MDA-MB-231 cells. In addition, Res-SLNs exhibited much stronger inhibitory effects on the invasion and migration of MDA-MB-231 cells. Western blot analysis revealed that Res-SLNs could promote the ratio of Bax/Bcl-2 but decreased the expression of cyclinD1 and c-Myc. These results indicate that the Res-SLN may have great potential for breast cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenrui Wang
- Department of Biotechnology, Bengbu Medical College, Anhui, Bengbu 233030, China.
| | - Lingyu Zhang
- Clinical Testing and Diagnose Experimental Center, Bengbu Medical College, Anhui, Bengbu 233030, China.
| | - Tiantian Chen
- Clinical Testing and Diagnose Experimental Center, Bengbu Medical College, Anhui, Bengbu 233030, China.
| | - Wen Guo
- Department of Biotechnology, Bengbu Medical College, Anhui, Bengbu 233030, China.
| | - Xunxia Bao
- Department of Biotechnology, Bengbu Medical College, Anhui, Bengbu 233030, China.
| | - Dandan Wang
- Department of Biotechnology, Bengbu Medical College, Anhui, Bengbu 233030, China.
| | - Baihui Ren
- Department of Biotechnology, Bengbu Medical College, Anhui, Bengbu 233030, China.
| | - Haifeng Wang
- Clinical Testing and Diagnose Experimental Center, Bengbu Medical College, Anhui, Bengbu 233030, China.
| | - Yu Li
- Clinical Testing and Diagnose Experimental Center, Bengbu Medical College, Anhui, Bengbu 233030, China.
| | - Yueyue Wang
- Clinical Testing and Diagnose Experimental Center, Bengbu Medical College, Anhui, Bengbu 233030, China.
| | - Sulian Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bengbu Medical College, Anhui, Bengbu 233030, China.
| | - Baoding Tang
- Department of Oncology, Bengbu Medical College, Anhui, Bengbu 233030, China.
| | - Qingling Yang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bengbu Medical College, Anhui, Bengbu 233030, China.
| | - Changjie Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bengbu Medical College, Anhui, Bengbu 233030, China.
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21
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Amawi H, Ashby CR, Samuel T, Peraman R, Tiwari AK. Polyphenolic Nutrients in Cancer Chemoprevention and Metastasis: Role of the Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal (EMT) Pathway. Nutrients 2017; 9:nu9080911. [PMID: 28825675 PMCID: PMC5579704 DOI: 10.3390/nu9080911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2017] [Revised: 08/09/2017] [Accepted: 08/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) has received significant interest as a novel target in cancer prevention, metastasis, and resistance. The conversion of cells from an epithelial, adhesive state to a mesenchymal, motile state is one of the key events in the development of cancer metastasis. Polyphenols have been reported to be efficacious in the prevention of cancer and reversing cancer progression. Recently, the antimetastatic efficacy of polyphenols has been reported, thereby expanding the potential use of these compounds beyond chemoprevention. Polyphenols may affect EMT pathways, which are involved in cancer metastasis; for example, polyphenols increase the levels of epithelial markers, but downregulate the mesenchymal markers. Polyphenols also alter the level of expression and functionality of important proteins in other signaling pathways that control cellular mesenchymal characteristics. However, the specific proteins that are directly affected by polyphenols in these signaling pathways remain to be elucidated. The aim of this review is to analyze current evidence regarding the role of polyphenols in attenuating EMT-mediated cancer progression and metastasis. We also discuss the role of the most important polyphenol subclasses and members of the polyphenols in reversing metastasis and targeting EMT. Finally, limitations and future directions to improve our understanding in this field are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haneen Amawi
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43614, USA.
| | - Charles R Ashby
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, St. John's University Queens, New York, NY 11432, USA.
| | - Temesgen Samuel
- Department of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Tuskegee University, Tuskegee, AL 36088, USA.
| | - Ramalingam Peraman
- Medicinal chemistry Division, Raghavendra Institute of Pharmaceutical education and Research (RIPER)-Autonomous, Anantapur 515721, India.
| | - Amit K Tiwari
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43614, USA.
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