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Li Z, Ma J, Tian M, Xia P, Lv X, Hou R, Jiang Y, Xu X, Jia Z, Wang J, Li Z. Synthesis, biological activity evaluation and mechanism of action of novel bis-isatin derivatives as potential anti-liver cancer agents. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2024; 99:129613. [PMID: 38224754 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2024.129613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2024] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
A series of bis-isatin conjugates with lysine linker were synthesized with the aim of probing their antiproliferative potential. All the newly synthesized derivatives (0-100 μM) were first screened against liver cancer cell lines(Huh1, H22, Huh7, Hepa1-6, HepG2, Huh6 and 97H) using CCK-8 assay. Results indicated that the derivative 4d exhibited the most potent activity against Huh1 (IC50 = 17.13 µM) and Huh7(IC50 = 8.265 µM). In vivo anti-tumor study showed that compound 4d effectively inhibited tumor growth in Huh1-induced xenograft mouse model; the anti-tumor effect of compound 4d (15 mg/kg) was comparable with sorafenib (20 mg/kg). H&E staining analysis and routine blood test and blood serum biochemistry examination was performed to confirm the safety of compound 4d in xenograft models. The mechanism of action of 4d on tumor growth inhibition was further investigated by RNA-Seq analysis, which indicates a positive regulation of autophagy signaling pathway, which was further confirmed with key biomarker expression of autophagy after 4d treatment. Our results suggest that the bis-isatin conjugate compound 4d is a promising tumor inhibitory agent for some liver cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhifen Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi Datong University, Xing Yun Street, Pingcheng District, Datong, Shanxi Province 037009, PR China
| | - Jingbo Ma
- Shenzhen Clinical Research Centre for Geriatrics, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology) Shenzhen, Guangdong 518020, PR China
| | - Ming Tian
- Department of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, PR China
| | - Peng Xia
- Department of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, PR China
| | - Xiannian Lv
- Department of Geriatrics, Fifth People's Hospital of Datong City, Shanxi Province 2669 Wenxing Road North, Pingcheng District, Datong City 037006, Shanxi, PR China
| | - Rui Hou
- Shenzhen Clinical Research Centre for Geriatrics, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology) Shenzhen, Guangdong 518020, PR China; Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre and Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Yuke Jiang
- Shenzhen Clinical Research Centre for Geriatrics, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology) Shenzhen, Guangdong 518020, PR China
| | - Xiaolong Xu
- Shenzhen Clinical Research Centre for Geriatrics, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology) Shenzhen, Guangdong 518020, PR China
| | - Zhifang Jia
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi Datong University, Xing Yun Street, Pingcheng District, Datong, Shanxi Province 037009, PR China
| | - Jigang Wang
- Shenzhen Clinical Research Centre for Geriatrics, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology) Shenzhen, Guangdong 518020, PR China; State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, Artemisinin Research Center, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, PR China.
| | - Zhijie Li
- Shenzhen Clinical Research Centre for Geriatrics, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology) Shenzhen, Guangdong 518020, PR China.
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2
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Zhang Y, Du H, Liu H, He Q, Xu Z. Isatin dimers and their biological activities. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2020; 353:e1900299. [DOI: 10.1002/ardp.201900299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Revised: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 12/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ya‐Zhou Zhang
- Teaching and Research Office of Analytical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical SciencesGuizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Guizhou China
| | - Hong‐Zhi Du
- Teaching and Research Office of Analytical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical SciencesGuizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Guizhou China
| | - Hai‐Lin Liu
- Teaching and Research Office of Analytical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical SciencesGuizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Guizhou China
| | - Qian‐Song He
- Teaching and Research Office of Analytical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical SciencesGuizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Guizhou China
| | - Zhi Xu
- Teaching and Research Office of Analytical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical SciencesGuizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Guizhou China
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3
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Shi D, Chahal KK, Oto P, Nothias LF, Debnath A, McKerrow JH, Podust LM, Abagyan R. Identification of Four Amoebicidal Nontoxic Compounds by a Molecular Docking Screen of Naegleria fowleri Sterol Δ8-Δ7-Isomerase and Phenotypic Assays. ACS Infect Dis 2019; 5:2029-2038. [PMID: 31583882 PMCID: PMC7085920 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.9b00227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Naegleria fowleri is a free-living amoeba causing primary amoebic meningoencephalitis, a rapid-onset brain infection in humans with over 97% mortality rate. Despite some progress in the treatment of the disease, there is no single, proven, evidence-based treatment with a high probability of cure. Here we report the chemical library screening and experimental identification of four new compounds with amoebicidal effects against N. fowleri. The chemical library was screened by molecular docking against a homology model of sterol Δ8-Δ7 isomerase (NfERG2). Thirty top-ranking hits were then tested in a cell-based assay for antiproliferative/amoebicidal activities. Eight chemicals exhibited nearly 100% inhibition of N. fowleri at 50 μM, with the EC50 values ranging from 6 to 25 μM. A cell toxicity assay using human HEK-293 cells was also performed. Four of the compounds preferentially kill amoeba cells with no apparent human cell toxicities. These compounds fall into two distinct chemical scaffolds with druglike properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da Shi
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Science, University of California San Diego,9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California, 92093, United States of America
| | - Kirti Kandhwal Chahal
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Science, University of California San Diego,9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California, 92093, United States of America
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology, Hisar-Delhi Bypass Road, Hisar, Haryana 125001, India
| | - Patricia Oto
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Science, University of California San Diego,9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California, 92093, United States of America
| | - Louis-Felix Nothias
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Science, University of California San Diego,9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California, 92093, United States of America
| | - Anjan Debnath
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Science, University of California San Diego,9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California, 92093, United States of America
| | - James H. McKerrow
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Science, University of California San Diego,9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California, 92093, United States of America
| | - Larissa M. Podust
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Science, University of California San Diego,9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California, 92093, United States of America
| | - Ruben Abagyan
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Science, University of California San Diego,9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California, 92093, United States of America
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4
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Singh A, Zhang D, Tam CC, Cheng LW, Land KM, Kumar V. Click-chemistry approach to synthesis of functionalized isatin-ferrocenes and their biological evaluation against the human pathogen Trichomonas vaginalis. J Organomet Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2019.05.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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5
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Bogdanov AV, Zaripova IF, Mustafina LK, Voloshina AD, Sapunova AS, Kulik NV, Mironov VF. Synthesis and Study of Antimicrobial Activity of Water-Soluble Ammonium Acylhydrazones Based on New 1,ω-Alkylenebis(isatins). RUSS J GEN CHEM+ 2019. [DOI: 10.1134/s107036321907003x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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6
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Zhao S, Lv Z, Shi L, Zhao S, Xu Z. Design, Synthesis, and
In Vitro
Anti‐Mycobacterial Activities of Tetraethylene Glycol Tethered Isatin Dimers. J Heterocycl Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.3324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shi‐Jia Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Hubei Province for Coal Conversion and New Carbon MaterialsWuhan University of Science and Technology Wuhan Hubei People's Republic of China
| | - Zao‐Sheng Lv
- Key Laboratory of Hubei Province for Coal Conversion and New Carbon MaterialsWuhan University of Science and Technology Wuhan Hubei People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Shi
- Wuhan Wujing Medicine Co., Ltd. Wuhan Hubei People's Republic of China
| | - Shuang‐Qi Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Materials ScienceHubei Engineering University Xiaogan Hubei People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi Xu
- Huanghuai University Zhumadian Henan People's Republic of China
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7
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Zhao S, Lv Z, Deng J, Gao F, Zhang G, Xu Z. Design, Synthesis, and
In Vitro
Anti‐mycobacterial Activities of 1,2,3‐Triazole‐tetraethylene Glycol Tethered Isatin Dimers. J Heterocycl Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.3349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shi‐Jia Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Hubei Province for Coal Conversion and New Carbon MaterialsWuhan University of Science and Technology 430081 Hubei People's Republic of China
| | - Zao‐Sheng Lv
- Key Laboratory of Hubei Province for Coal Conversion and New Carbon MaterialsWuhan University of Science and Technology 430081 Hubei People's Republic of China
| | - Jia‐Lun Deng
- Haiso Technology Co., Ltd. Wuhan 430074 People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Gao
- Department of Medical Imaging, Jinling HospitalMedical School of Nanjing University Nanjing 210089 People's Republic of China
| | - Guang‐De Zhang
- School of Automobile and Traffic EngineeringWuhan University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430081 People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi Xu
- Industry Innovation & Research and Development Institute of ZhumadianHuanghuai University Zhumadian 463000 People's Republic of China
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8
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Wang R, Yin X, Zhang Y, Zhang T, Shi W. Design, Synthesis, and
In Vitro
Anti‐Tumor Activities of 1,2,3‐triazole‐tetraethylene Glycol Tethered Heteronuclear Bis‐Schiff Base Derivatives of Isatin. J Heterocycl Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.3341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ruo Wang
- College of ChemistryFuzhou University Fuzhou Fujian 350116 People's Republic of China
| | - Xueyang Yin
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, Department of Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringEast China Normal University Shanghai 20024 1 China
| | - Yaohuan Zhang
- College of ChemistryFuzhou University Fuzhou Fujian 350116 People's Republic of China
| | - Tesen Zhang
- College of ChemistryFuzhou University Fuzhou Fujian 350116 People's Republic of China
| | - Weixiong Shi
- College of ChemistryFuzhou University Fuzhou Fujian 350116 People's Republic of China
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9
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Zhao SQ, Xu Y, Guan J, Zhao S, Zhang GD, Xu Z. Tetraethylene Glycol Tethered Heteronuclear Bis-isatin Derivatives: Design, Synthesis, and In Vitro
Anti-mycobacterial Activities. J Heterocycl Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.3255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shuang-Qi Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science; Hubei Engineering University; Hubei People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing; Wuhan University of Technology; Wuhan Hubei People's Republic of China
| | - Jianguo Guan
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing; Wuhan University of Technology; Wuhan Hubei People's Republic of China
| | - Shijia Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Hubei Province for Coal Conversion and New Carbon Materials; Wuhan University of Science and Technology; Hubei People's Republic of China China
| | - Guang-De Zhang
- School of Automobile and Traffic Engineering; Wuhan University of Science and Technology; Wuhan People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi Xu
- Huanghuai University; Zhumadian People's Republic of China
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10
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Singh A, Fong G, Liu J, Wu YH, Chang K, Park W, Kim J, Tam C, Cheng LW, Land KM, Kumar V. Synthesis and Preliminary Antimicrobial Analysis of Isatin-Ferrocene and Isatin-Ferrocenyl Chalcone Conjugates. ACS OMEGA 2018; 3:5808-5813. [PMID: 30023926 PMCID: PMC6045481 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.8b00553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2018] [Accepted: 05/17/2018] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we outline the synthesis of isatin-ferrocenyl chalcone and 1H-1,2,3-triazole-tethered isatin-ferrocene conjugates along with their antimicrobial evaluation against the human mucosal pathogen Trichomonas vaginalis. The introduction of a triazole ring among the synthesized conjugates improved the activity profiles with most of the compounds in the library, exhibiting 100% growth inhibition in a preliminary susceptibility screen at 100 μM. IC50 determination of the most potent compounds in the set revealed an inhibitory range between 2 and 13 μM. Normal flora microbiome are unaffected by these compounds, suggesting that these may be new chemical scaffolds for the discovery of new drugs against trichomonad infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amandeep Singh
- Department
of Chemistry, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143005, Punjab, India
| | - Grant Fong
- Department
of Biological Sciences, University of the
Pacific, Stockton, California 95211, United States
| | - Jenny Liu
- Department
of Biological Sciences, University of the
Pacific, Stockton, California 95211, United States
| | - Yun-Hsuan Wu
- Department
of Biological Sciences, University of the
Pacific, Stockton, California 95211, United States
| | - Kevin Chang
- Department
of Biological Sciences, University of the
Pacific, Stockton, California 95211, United States
| | - William Park
- Department
of Biological Sciences, University of the
Pacific, Stockton, California 95211, United States
| | - Jihwan Kim
- Department
of Biological Sciences, University of the
Pacific, Stockton, California 95211, United States
| | - Christina Tam
- Foodborne
Toxin Detection and Prevention Research Unit, Agricultural Research
Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Albany, California 94710, United States
| | - Luisa W. Cheng
- Foodborne
Toxin Detection and Prevention Research Unit, Agricultural Research
Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Albany, California 94710, United States
| | - Kirkwood M. Land
- Department
of Biological Sciences, University of the
Pacific, Stockton, California 95211, United States
| | - Vipan Kumar
- Department
of Chemistry, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143005, Punjab, India
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11
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Hua X, Zhang G, Zhang D, Wu Y. Design, Synthesis, and in vitro
Anti-mycobacterial Activities of Propylene-tethered Heteronuclear Bis-isatin Derivatives. J Heterocycl Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.3185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xue Hua
- Chemistry Teaching Group and Fundamental Medical Department; Shijiazhuang Medical College; Shijiazhuang Hebei People's Republic of China
| | - Guifu Zhang
- School of Nuclear Technology and Chemistry and Biology; Hubei University of Science and Technology; Xianning Hubei People's Republic of China
| | - Deqing Zhang
- School of Nuclear Technology and Chemistry and Biology; Hubei University of Science and Technology; Xianning Hubei People's Republic of China
| | - Yequn Wu
- School of Nuclear Technology and Chemistry and Biology; Hubei University of Science and Technology; Xianning Hubei People's Republic of China
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12
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Jiang D, Wang GQ, Liu X, Zhang Z, Feng LS, Liu ML. Isatin Derivatives with Potential Antitubercular Activities. J Heterocycl Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.3189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dan Jiang
- School of Nuclear Technology and Chemistry & Biology, Hubei University of Science and Technology; Xianning People's Republic of China
| | - Gang-Qiang Wang
- School of Nuclear Technology and Chemistry & Biology, Hubei University of Science and Technology; Xianning People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaofeng Liu
- Zhejiang Xianju Junye Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd; Xianju, Zhejiang 317300 People's Republic of China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Wuhan University of Science and Technology; Wuhan, Hubei 430081 People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenbin Zhang
- Zhejiang Xianju Junye Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd; Xianju, Zhejiang 317300 People's Republic of China
| | | | - Ming-Liang Liu
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College; Beijing 100050 People's Republic of China
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13
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Xu Y, Guan J, Xu Z, Zhao S. Design, synthesis and in vitro anti-mycobacterial activities of homonuclear and heteronuclear bis-isatin derivatives. Fitoterapia 2018; 127:383-386. [PMID: 29631015 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2018.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2018] [Revised: 03/14/2018] [Accepted: 03/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
A series of novel homonuclear and heteronuclear bis-isatin derivatives tethered through ethylene were designed, synthesized and evaluated for their in vitro anti-mycobacterial activities against MTB H37Rv and MDR-TB. All hybrids exhibited potential anti-mycobacterial activities against MTB H37Rv and MDR-TB with MIC ranging from 16 to 256 μg/mL. In particular, the heteronuclear bis-isatin 4i (MIC: 25 and 16 μg/mL) was most active against MTB H37Rv and MDR-TB strains, and could act as a lead for further optimization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Jianguo Guan
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China.
| | - Zhi Xu
- Key Laboratory of Hubei Province for Coal Conversion and New Carbon Materials, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Hubei, PR China
| | - Shijia Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Hubei Province for Coal Conversion and New Carbon Materials, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Hubei, PR China
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14
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Al-Wabli RI, Zakaria AS, Attia MI. Synthesis, Spectroscopic Characterization and Antimicrobial Potential of Certain New Isatin-Indole Molecular Hybrids. Molecules 2017; 22:E1958. [PMID: 29140257 PMCID: PMC6150181 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22111958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2017] [Revised: 10/29/2017] [Accepted: 11/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Molecular hybridization has a wide application in medicinal chemistry to obtain new biologically active compounds. New isatin-indole molecular hybrids 5a-n have been synthesized and characterized by various spectroscopic tools. The in vitro antimicrobial potential of the prepared compounds 5a-n was assessed using diameter of the inhibition zone (DIZ) and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) assays against a panel of Gram-negative bacteria, Gram-positive bacteria and fungi. Most of the synthesized compounds 5a-n showed weak activities against Gram-negative bacteria while compounds 5b and 5c exhibited good activities against Gram-positive bacteria. On the other hand, compound 5j emerged as the most active compound towards Candida albicans (C. albicans), with an MIC value of 3.9 µg/mL, and compound 5g as the most active congener towards Asperagillus niger (A. niger), with an MIC value of 15.6 µg/mL. Moreover, compound 5h manifested the best anti-P. notatum effect, with an MIC value of 7.8 µg/mL, making it equipotent with compound 5g.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reem I Al-Wabli
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Azza S Zakaria
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21500, Egypt.
| | - Mohamed I Attia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
- Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Division, National Research Centre (ID: 60014618), El Bohooth Street, Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt.
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