1
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Nguyen NH, Sheng S, Banerjee A, Guerriero CJ, Chen J, Wang X, Mackie TD, Welling PA, Kleyman TR, Bahar I, Carlson AE, Brodsky JL. Characterization of hyperactive mutations in the renal potassium channel ROMK uncovers unique effects on channel biogenesis and ion conductance. Mol Biol Cell 2024; 35:ar119. [PMID: 39024255 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e23-12-0494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Hypertension affects one billion people worldwide and is the most common risk factor for cardiovascular disease, yet a comprehensive picture of its underlying genetic factors is incomplete. Amongst regulators of blood pressure is the renal outer medullary potassium (ROMK) channel. While select ROMK mutants are prone to premature degradation and lead to disease, heterozygous carriers of some of these same alleles are protected from hypertension. Therefore, we hypothesized that gain-of-function (GoF) ROMK variants which increase potassium flux may predispose people to hypertension. To begin to test this hypothesis, we employed genetic screens and a candidate-based approach to identify six GoF variants in yeast. Subsequent functional assays in higher cells revealed two variant classes. The first group exhibited greater stability in the endoplasmic reticulum, enhanced channel assembly, and/or increased protein at the cell surface. The second group of variants resided in the PIP2-binding pocket, and computational modeling coupled with patch-clamp studies demonstrated lower free energy for channel opening and slowed current rundown, consistent with an acquired PIP2-activated state. Together, these findings advance our understanding of ROMK structure-function, suggest the existence of hyperactive ROMK alleles in humans, and establish a system to facilitate the development of ROMK-targeted antihypertensives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nga H Nguyen
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, PA 15260
| | - Shaohu Sheng
- Renal-Electrolyte Division, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, PA 15260
| | - Anupam Banerjee
- Department of Computational and Systems Biology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, PA 15260
| | | | - Jingxin Chen
- Renal-Electrolyte Division, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, PA 15260
| | - Xueqi Wang
- Renal-Electrolyte Division, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, PA 15260
| | - Timothy D Mackie
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, PA 15260
| | - Paul A Welling
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205
| | - Thomas R Kleyman
- Renal-Electrolyte Division, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, PA 15260
| | - Ivet Bahar
- Department of Computational and Systems Biology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, PA 15260
| | - Anne E Carlson
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, PA 15260
| | - Jeffrey L Brodsky
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, PA 15260
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2
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Nguyen NH, Sarangi S, McChesney EM, Sheng S, Durrant JD, Porter AW, Kleyman TR, Pitluk ZW, Brodsky JL. Genome mining yields putative disease-associated ROMK variants with distinct defects. PLoS Genet 2023; 19:e1011051. [PMID: 37956218 PMCID: PMC10695394 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1011051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Bartter syndrome is a group of rare genetic disorders that compromise kidney function by impairing electrolyte reabsorption. Left untreated, the resulting hyponatremia, hypokalemia, and dehydration can be fatal, and there is currently no cure. Bartter syndrome type II specifically arises from mutations in KCNJ1, which encodes the renal outer medullary potassium channel, ROMK. Over 40 Bartter syndrome-associated mutations in KCNJ1 have been identified, yet their molecular defects are mostly uncharacterized. Nevertheless, a subset of disease-linked mutations compromise ROMK folding in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), which in turn results in premature degradation via the ER associated degradation (ERAD) pathway. To identify uncharacterized human variants that might similarly lead to premature degradation and thus disease, we mined three genomic databases. First, phenotypic data in the UK Biobank were analyzed using a recently developed computational platform to identify individuals carrying KCNJ1 variants with clinical features consistent with Bartter syndrome type II. In parallel, we examined genomic data in both the NIH TOPMed and ClinVar databases with the aid of Rhapsody, a verified computational algorithm that predicts mutation pathogenicity and disease severity. Subsequent phenotypic studies using a yeast screen to assess ROMK function-and analyses of ROMK biogenesis in yeast and human cells-identified four previously uncharacterized mutations. Among these, one mutation uncovered from the two parallel approaches (G228E) destabilized ROMK and targeted it for ERAD, resulting in reduced cell surface expression. Another mutation (T300R) was ERAD-resistant, but defects in channel activity were apparent based on two-electrode voltage clamp measurements in X. laevis oocytes. Together, our results outline a new computational and experimental pipeline that can be applied to identify disease-associated alleles linked to a range of other potassium channels, and further our understanding of the ROMK structure-function relationship that may aid future therapeutic strategies to advance precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nga H. Nguyen
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Srikant Sarangi
- Paradigm4, Inc., Waltham, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Erin M. McChesney
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Shaohu Sheng
- Renal-Electrolyte Division, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Jacob D. Durrant
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Aidan W. Porter
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Thomas R. Kleyman
- Renal-Electrolyte Division, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | | | - Jeffrey L. Brodsky
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
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3
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Harvey HJ, Hendry AC, Chirico M, Archer DB, Avery SV. Adaptation to sorbic acid in low sugar promotes resistance of yeast to the preservative. Heliyon 2023; 9:e22057. [PMID: 38034742 PMCID: PMC10682675 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e22057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The weak acid sorbic acid is a common preservative used in soft drink beverages to control microbial spoilage. Consumers and industry are increasingly transitioning to low-sugar food formulations, but potential impacts of reduced sugar on sorbic acid efficacy are barely characterised. In this study, we report enhanced sorbic acid resistance of yeast in low-glucose conditions. We had anticipated that low glucose would induce respiratory metabolism, which was shown previously to be targeted by sorbic acid. However, a shift from respiratory to fermentative metabolism upon sorbic acid exposure of Saccharomyces cerevisiae was correlated with relative resistance to sorbic acid in low glucose. Fermentation-negative yeast species did not show the low-glucose resistance phenotype. Phenotypes observed for certain yeast deletion strains suggested roles for glucose signalling and repression pathways in the sorbic acid resistance at low glucose. This low-glucose induced sorbic acid resistance was reversed by supplementing yeast cultures with succinic acid, a metabolic intermediate of respiratory metabolism (and a food-safe additive) that promoted respiration. The results indicate that metabolic adaptation of yeast can promote sorbic acid resistance at low glucose, a consideration for the preservation of foodstuffs as both food producers and consumers move towards a reduced sugar landscape.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harry J. Harvey
- School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Alex C. Hendry
- School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Marcella Chirico
- School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - David B. Archer
- School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Simon V. Avery
- School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
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4
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Alwraikat A, Jaradat A, Marji SM, Bayan MF, Alomari E, Naser AY, Alyami MH. Development of a Novel, Ecologically Friendly Generation of pH-Responsive Alginate Nanosensors: Synthesis, Calibration, and Characterisation. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 23:8453. [PMID: 37896546 PMCID: PMC10610811 DOI: 10.3390/s23208453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
Measurement of the intracellular pH is particularly crucial for the detection of numerous diseases, such as carcinomas, that are characterised by a low intracellular pH. Therefore, pH-responsive nanosensors have been developed by many researchers due to their ability to non-invasively detect minor changes in the pH of many biological systems without causing significant biological damage. However, the existing pH-sensitive nanosensors, such as the polyacrylamide, silica, and quantum dots-based nanosensors, require large quantities of organic solvents that could cause detrimental damage to the ecosystem. As a result, this research is aimed at developing a new generation of pH-responsive nanosensors comprising alginate natural polymers and pH-sensitive fluorophores using an organic, solvent-free, and ecologically friendly method. Herein, we successfully synthesised different models of pH-responsive alginate nanoparticles by varying the method of fluorophore conjugation. The synthesised pH nanosensors demonstrated a low MHD with a relatively acceptable PDI when using the lowest concentration of the cross-linker Ca+2 (1.25 mM). All the pH nanosensors showed negative zeta potential values, attributed to the free carboxylate groups surrounding the nanoparticles' surfaces, which support the colloidal stability of the nanosensors. The synthesised models of pH nanosensors displayed a high pH-responsiveness with various correlations between the pH measurements and the nanosensors' fluorescence signal. In summation, pH-responsive alginate nanosensors produced using organic, solvent-free, green technology could be harnessed as potential diagnostics for the intracellular and extracellular pH measurements of various biological systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdalaziz Alwraikat
- Department of Applied Pharmaceutical Sciences and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Isra University, P.O. Box 33, Amman 11622, Jordan; (A.A.); (A.J.); (E.A.); (A.Y.N.)
| | - Abdolelah Jaradat
- Department of Applied Pharmaceutical Sciences and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Isra University, P.O. Box 33, Amman 11622, Jordan; (A.A.); (A.J.); (E.A.); (A.Y.N.)
| | - Saeed M. Marji
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Philadelphia University, P.O. Box 1, Amman 19392, Jordan; (S.M.M.); (M.F.B.)
| | - Mohammad F. Bayan
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Philadelphia University, P.O. Box 1, Amman 19392, Jordan; (S.M.M.); (M.F.B.)
| | - Esra’a Alomari
- Department of Applied Pharmaceutical Sciences and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Isra University, P.O. Box 33, Amman 11622, Jordan; (A.A.); (A.J.); (E.A.); (A.Y.N.)
| | - Abdallah Y. Naser
- Department of Applied Pharmaceutical Sciences and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Isra University, P.O. Box 33, Amman 11622, Jordan; (A.A.); (A.J.); (E.A.); (A.Y.N.)
| | - Mohammad H. Alyami
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Najran University, Najran 66462, Saudi Arabia
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5
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Nguyen NH, Sarangi S, McChesney EM, Sheng S, Porter AW, Kleyman TR, Pitluk ZW, Brodsky JL. Genome mining yields new disease-associated ROMK variants with distinct defects. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.05.05.539609. [PMID: 37214976 PMCID: PMC10197530 DOI: 10.1101/2023.05.05.539609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Bartter syndrome is a group of rare genetic disorders that compromise kidney function by impairing electrolyte reabsorption. Left untreated, the resulting hyponatremia, hypokalemia, and dehydration can be fatal. Although there is no cure for this disease, specific genes that lead to different Bartter syndrome subtypes have been identified. Bartter syndrome type II specifically arises from mutations in the KCNJ1 gene, which encodes the renal outer medullary potassium channel, ROMK. To date, over 40 Bartter syndrome-associated mutations in KCNJ1 have been identified. Yet, their molecular defects are mostly uncharacterized. Nevertheless, a subset of disease-linked mutations compromise ROMK folding in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), which in turn results in premature degradation via the ER associated degradation (ERAD) pathway. To identify uncharacterized human variants that might similarly lead to premature degradation and thus disease, we mined three genomic databases. First, phenotypic data in the UK Biobank were analyzed using a recently developed computational platform to identify individuals carrying KCNJ1 variants with clinical features consistent with Bartter syndrome type II. In parallel, we examined ROMK genomic data in both the NIH TOPMed and ClinVar databases with the aid of a computational algorithm that predicts protein misfolding and disease severity. Subsequent phenotypic studies using a high throughput yeast screen to assess ROMK function-and analyses of ROMK biogenesis in yeast and human cells-identified four previously uncharacterized mutations. Among these, one mutation uncovered from the two parallel approaches (G228E) destabilized ROMK and targeted it for ERAD, resulting in reduced protein expression at the cell surface. Another ERAD-targeted ROMK mutant (L320P) was found in only one of the screens. In contrast, another mutation (T300R) was ERAD-resistant, but defects in ROMK activity were apparent after expression and two-electrode voltage clamp measurements in Xenopus oocytes. Together, our results outline a new computational and experimental pipeline that can be applied to identify disease-associated alleles linked to a range of other potassium channels, and further our understanding of the ROMK structure-function relationship that may aid future therapeutic strategies. Author Summary Bartter syndrome is a rare genetic disorder characterized by defective renal electrolyte handing, leading to debilitating symptoms and, in some patients, death in infancy. Currently, there is no cure for this disease. Bartter syndrome is divided into five types based on the causative gene. Bartter syndrome type II results from genetic variants in the gene encoding the ROMK protein, which is expressed in the kidney and assists in regulating sodium, potassium, and water homeostasis. Prior work established that some disease-associated ROMK mutants misfold and are destroyed soon after their synthesis in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Because a growing number of drugs have been identified that correct defective protein folding, we wished to identify an expanded cohort of similarly misshapen and unstable disease-associated ROMK variants. To this end, we developed a pipeline that employs computational analyses of human genome databases with genetic and biochemical assays. Next, we both confirmed the identity of known variants and uncovered previously uncharacterized ROMK variants associated with Bartter syndrome type II. Further analyses indicated that select mutants are targeted for ER-associated degradation, while another mutant compromises ROMK function. This work sets-the-stage for continued mining for ROMK loss of function alleles as well as other potassium channels, and positions select Bartter syndrome mutations for correction using emerging pharmaceuticals.
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Tamošiūnas PL, Pērkons I, Kukk K. Yeast-based system for in vivo evaluation of alleles of the anthocyanin production pathway. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2023; 39:156. [PMID: 37039815 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-023-03593-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
Abstract
Plants produce anthocyanins to incite the pollination and seed dispersion performed by pigment-attracted animals. These natural blue-to-red-coloured pigments can be used as food colourants and antioxidants. For this purpose, microbial bioproduction of anthocyanins has become of industrial interest in recent years. 20 new alleles of anthocyanin production pathway genes were extracted and characterised for protein expression level and stability using a developed single-PCR product gene-entry system for tagged protein synthesis in yeast S. cerevisiae. Enzymatic activities of these proteins in the episomally complemented in vivo systems were compared by HPLC-MS analysis. Results show that the codon optimisation of the anthocyanin pathway genes is not essential for the effective heterologous expression in yeast. Elevating the cellular abundance of CHS and F3H enzymes can increase anthocyanidin production from supplemented precursors. New alleles VmF3Hv1 and VuCHS were shown to have the best performance in the analysed system. System complementation with flavonoid 3',5'-hydroxylase substantially increases total anthocyanidin production. The described single-entry yeast episomal complementation system is a convenient and rapid tool for the complex evaluation of new alleles in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ingus Pērkons
- Institute of Food Safety, Animal Health and Environment "BIOR", Lejupes st. 3, Riga, LV-1076, Latvia
| | - Kaia Kukk
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Ratsupites st. 1, Riga, LV-1067, Latvia
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7
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Shepherd JW, Lecinski S, Wragg J, Shashkova S, MacDonald C, Leake MC. Molecular crowding in single eukaryotic cells: Using cell environment biosensing and single-molecule optical microscopy to probe dependence on extracellular ionic strength, local glucose conditions, and sensor copy number. Methods 2021; 193:54-61. [PMID: 33157192 PMCID: PMC7612245 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymeth.2020.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Revised: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The physical and chemical environment inside cells is of fundamental importance to all life but has traditionally been difficult to determine on a subcellular basis. Here we combine cutting-edge genomically integrated FRET biosensing to readout localized molecular crowding in single live yeast cells. Confocal microscopy allows us to build subcellular crowding heatmaps using ratiometric FRET, while whole-cell analysis demonstrates crowding is reduced when yeast is grown in elevated glucose concentrations. Simulations indicate that the cell membrane is largely inaccessible to these sensors and that cytosolic crowding is broadly uniform across each cell over a timescale of seconds. Millisecond single-molecule optical microscopy was used to track molecules and obtain brightness estimates that enabled calculation of crowding sensor copy numbers. The quantification of diffusing molecule trajectories paves the way for correlating subcellular processes and the physicochemical environment of cells under stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jack W Shepherd
- Department of Physics, University of York, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom; Department of Biology, University of York, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom.
| | - Sarah Lecinski
- Department of Physics, University of York, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - Jasmine Wragg
- School of Natural Sciences, University of York, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - Sviatlana Shashkova
- Department of Physics, University of York, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute for Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Chris MacDonald
- Department of Biology, University of York, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - Mark C Leake
- Department of Physics, University of York, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom; Department of Biology, University of York, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
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8
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Han QJ, Lan XT, Wen Y, Zhang CZ, Cleary M, Sayyed Y, Huang G, Tuo X, Yi L, Xi Z, Li LY, Zhang QZ. Matrix Metalloproteinase-9-Responsive Surface Charge-Reversible Nanocarrier to Enhance Endocytosis as Efficient Targeted Delivery System for Cancer Diagnosis and Therapy. Adv Healthc Mater 2021; 10:e2002143. [PMID: 33694329 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202002143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2020] [Revised: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Nanoparticles, that can be enriched in the tumor microenvironment and deliver the payloads into cancer cells, are desirable carriers for theranostic agents in cancer diagnosis and treatment. However, efficient targeted delivery and enhanced endocytosis for probes and drugs in theranostics are still major challenges. Here, a nanoparticle, which is capable of charge reversal from negative to positive in response to matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9) in tumor microenvironment is reported. This nanoparticle is based on a novel charge reversible amphiphilic molecule consisting of hydrophobic oleic acid, MMP9-cleavable peptide, and glutamate-rich segment (named as OMPE). The OMPE-modified cationic liposome forms an intelligent anionic nanohybrid (O-NP) with enhanced endocytosis through surface charge reversal in response to MMP9 in vitro. Successfully, O-NP nanohybrid performs preferential accumulation and enhances the endocytosis in MMP9-expressing xenografted tumors in mouse models, which improve the sensitivity of diagnosis agents and the antitumor effects of drugs in vivo by overcoming their low solubility and/or nonspecific enrichment. These results indicate that O-NP can be a promising delivery platform for cancer diagnosis and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiu-Ju Han
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Xiao-Tong Lan
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Ying Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Chuan-Zeng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Michael Cleary
- Laboratory Medicine, Yale New Haven Hospital, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA
| | - Yasra Sayyed
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Guangdong Huang
- Sino-science Gene Technology Co., Ltd., Xi'an, Shanxi, 710018, China
| | - Xiaoling Tuo
- Sino-science Gene Technology Co., Ltd., Xi'an, Shanxi, 710018, China
| | - Long Yi
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites and Beijing Key Laboratory of Energy Environmental Catalysis, Beijing University of Chemical Technology (BUCT), 15 Beisanhuan East Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Zhen Xi
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, National Engineering Research Center of Pesticide (Tianjin), Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Lu-Yuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Qiang-Zhe Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China
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9
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A ratiometric fluorescent nanoprobe consisting of ssDNA-templated silver nanoclusters for detection of histidine/cysteine, and the construction of combinatorial logic circuits. Mikrochim Acta 2019; 186:648. [DOI: 10.1007/s00604-019-3749-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2019] [Accepted: 08/10/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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10
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Beal DM, Bastow EL, Staniforth GL, von der Haar T, Freedman RB, Tuite MF. Quantitative Analyses of the Yeast Oxidative Protein Folding Pathway In Vitro and In Vivo. Antioxid Redox Signal 2019; 31:261-274. [PMID: 30880408 PMCID: PMC6602113 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2018.7615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2018] [Revised: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Aims: Efficient oxidative protein folding (OPF) in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a key requirement of the eukaryotic secretory pathway. In particular, protein folding linked to the formation of disulfide bonds, an activity dependent on the enzyme protein disulfide isomerase (PDI), is crucial. For the de novo formation of disulfide bonds, reduced PDI must be reoxidized by an ER-located oxidase (ERO1). Despite some knowledge of this pathway, the kinetic parameters with which these components act and the importance of specific parameters, such as PDI reoxidation by Ero1, for the overall performance of OPF in vivo remain poorly understood. Results: We established an in vitro system using purified yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) PDI (Pdi1p) and ERO1 (Ero1p) to investigate OPF. This necessitated the development of a novel reduction/oxidation processing strategy to generate homogenously oxidized recombinant yeast Ero1p. This new methodology enabled the quantitative assessment of the interaction of Pdi1p and Ero1p in vitro by measuring oxygen consumption and reoxidation of reduced RNase A. The resulting quantitative data were then used to generate a simple model that can describe the oxidizing capacity of Pdi1p and Ero1p in vitro and predict the in vivo effect of modulation of the levels of these proteins. Innovation: We describe a model that can be used to explore the OPF pathway and its control in a quantitative way. Conclusion: Our study informs and provides new insights into how OPF works at a molecular level and provides a platform for the design of more efficient heterologous protein expression systems in yeast.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dave M. Beal
- Kent Fungal Group, School of Biosciences, University of Kent, Canterbury, United Kingdom
| | - Emma L. Bastow
- Kent Fungal Group, School of Biosciences, University of Kent, Canterbury, United Kingdom
| | - Gemma L. Staniforth
- Kent Fungal Group, School of Biosciences, University of Kent, Canterbury, United Kingdom
| | - Tobias von der Haar
- Kent Fungal Group, School of Biosciences, University of Kent, Canterbury, United Kingdom
| | - Robert B. Freedman
- Kent Fungal Group, School of Biosciences, University of Kent, Canterbury, United Kingdom
- School of Life Sciences, Gibbet Hill Campus, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - Mick F. Tuite
- Kent Fungal Group, School of Biosciences, University of Kent, Canterbury, United Kingdom
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11
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Shamsipur M, Barati A, Nematifar Z. Fluorescent pH nanosensors: Design strategies and applications. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY C-PHOTOCHEMISTRY REVIEWS 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochemrev.2019.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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12
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Harrison RP, Chauhan VM, Onion D, Aylott JW, Sottile V. Intracellular processing of silica-coated superparamagnetic iron nanoparticles in human mesenchymal stem cells. RSC Adv 2019; 9:3176-3184. [PMID: 30774937 PMCID: PMC6350623 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra09089k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2018] [Accepted: 12/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Silica-coated superparamagnetic iron nanoparticles (SiMAGs) are an exciting biomedical technology capable of targeted delivery of cell-based therapeutics and disease diagnosis. However, in order to realise their full clinical potential, their intracellular fate must be determined. The analytical techniques of super-resolution fluorescence microscopy, particle counting flow cytometry and pH-sensitive nanosensors were applied to elucidate mechanisms of intracellular SiMAG processing in human mesenchymal stem cell (hMSCs). Super-resolution microscopy showed SiMAG fluorescently-tagged nanoparticles are endocytosed and co-localised within lysosomes. When exposed to simulated lysosomal conditions SiMAGs were solubilised and exhibited diminishing fluorescence emission over 7 days. The in vitro intracellular metabolism of SiMAGs was monitored in hMSCs using flow cytometry and co-localised pH-sensitive nanosensors. A decrease in SiMAG fluorescence emission, which corresponded to a decrease in lysosomal pH was observed, mirroring ex vivo observations, suggesting SiMAG lysosomal exposure degrades fluorescent silica-coatings and iron cores. These findings indicate although there is a significant decrease in intracellular SiMAG loading, sufficient particles remain internalised (>50%) to render SiMAG treated cells amenable to long-term magnetic cell manipulation. Our analytical approach provides important insights into the understanding of the intracellular fate of SiMAG processing, which could be readily applied to other particle therapeutics, to advance their clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard P Harrison
- Wolfson Centre for Stem Cells, Tissue Engineering and Modelling (STEM), School of Medicine, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK. .,Centre for Biological Engineering, Loughborough University, Leicestershire LE11 3TU, UK
| | - Veeren M Chauhan
- School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Boots Sciences Building, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK. ;
| | - David Onion
- University of Nottingham Flow Cytometry Facility, School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, NG7 2UH, UK
| | - Jonathan W Aylott
- School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Boots Sciences Building, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK. ;
| | - Virginie Sottile
- Wolfson Centre for Stem Cells, Tissue Engineering and Modelling (STEM), School of Medicine, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK.
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13
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Ahmed S, Chauhan VM, Ghaemmaghami AM, Aylott JW. New generation of bioreactors that advance extracellular matrix modelling and tissue engineering. Biotechnol Lett 2019; 41:1-25. [PMID: 30368691 PMCID: PMC6313369 DOI: 10.1007/s10529-018-2611-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2018] [Accepted: 09/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Bioreactors hold a lot of promise for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine applications. They have multiple uses including cell cultivation for therapeutic production and for in vitro organ modelling to provide a more physiologically relevant environment for cultures compared to conventional static conditions. Bioreactors are often used in combination with scaffolds as the nutrient flow can enhance oxygen and diffusion throughout the 3D constructs to prevent the formation of necrotic cores. A variety of scaffolds have been fabricated to achieve a structural architecture that mimic native extracellular matrix. Future developments of in vitro models will incorporate the ability to non-invasively monitor the cellular microenvironment to enhance the understanding of in vitro conditions. This review details current advancements in bioreactor and scaffold systems and provides insight on how in vitro models can be augmented for future biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shehnaz Ahmed
- School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Boots Sciences Building, University Park, Nottingham, UK
| | - Veeren M. Chauhan
- School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Boots Sciences Building, University Park, Nottingham, UK
| | - Amir M. Ghaemmaghami
- School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Life Sciences Building, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD UK
| | - Jonathan W. Aylott
- School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Boots Sciences Building, University Park, Nottingham, UK
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14
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Li W, Nie J, Hu R, Zhao R, Zhu W, Chen X, Li D, Wang L, Hu L. A nanogel sensor for colorimetric fluorescence measurement of ionizing radiation doses. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:9614-9617. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cc03680f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A polyacrylamide-based nanogel sensor was constructed for spectral and visual colorimetric fluorescence measurement of ionizing radiation doses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxiang Li
- School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X)
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions and Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection
- Soochow University
- Suzhou
- China
| | - Jing Nie
- School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X)
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions and Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection
- Soochow University
- Suzhou
- China
| | - Rui Hu
- Department of Radiation Oncology
- Suzhou Municipal Hospital
- Suzhou
- China
| | - Rui Zhao
- School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X)
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions and Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection
- Soochow University
- Suzhou
- China
| | - Weifang Zhu
- School of Electronics and Information Engineering
- Soochow University
- Suzhou
- China
| | - Xinjian Chen
- School of Electronics and Information Engineering
- Soochow University
- Suzhou
- China
| | - Dan Li
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Soochow University
- Suzhou
- China
| | - Lei Wang
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Soochow University
- Suzhou
- China
| | - Liang Hu
- School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X)
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions and Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection
- Soochow University
- Suzhou
- China
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15
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Huang X, Song J, Yung BC, Huang X, Xiong Y, Chen X. Ratiometric optical nanoprobes enable accurate molecular detection and imaging. Chem Soc Rev 2018; 47:2873-2920. [PMID: 29568836 PMCID: PMC5926823 DOI: 10.1039/c7cs00612h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 448] [Impact Index Per Article: 74.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Exploring and understanding biological and pathological changes are of great significance for early diagnosis and therapy of diseases. Optical sensing and imaging approaches have experienced major progress in this field. Particularly, an emergence of various functional optical nanoprobes has provided enhanced sensitivity, specificity, targeting ability, as well as multiplexing and multimodal capabilities due to improvements in their intrinsic physicochemical and optical properties. However, one of the biggest challenges of conventional optical nanoprobes is their absolute intensity-dependent signal readout, which causes inaccurate sensing and imaging results due to the presence of various analyte-independent factors that can cause fluctuations in their absolute signal intensity. Ratiometric measurements provide built-in self-calibration for signal correction, enabling more sensitive and reliable detection. Optimizing nanoprobe designs with ratiometric strategies can surmount many of the limitations encountered by traditional optical nanoprobes. This review first elaborates upon existing optical nanoprobes that exploit ratiometric measurements for improved sensing and imaging, including fluorescence, surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS), and photoacoustic nanoprobes. Next, a thorough discussion is provided on design strategies for these nanoprobes, and their potential biomedical applications for targeting specific biomolecule populations (e.g. cancer biomarkers and small molecules with physiological relevance), for imaging the tumor microenvironment (e.g. pH, reactive oxygen species, hypoxia, enzyme and metal ions), as well as for intraoperative image guidance of tumor-resection procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolin Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, P. R. China. and Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine (LOMIN), National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (NIBIB), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA.
| | - Jibin Song
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine (LOMIN), National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (NIBIB), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA. and MOE Key Laboratory for Analytical Science of Food Safety and Biology, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, P. R. China
| | - Bryant C Yung
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine (LOMIN), National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (NIBIB), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA.
| | - Xiaohua Huang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Memphis, 213 Smith Chemistry Bldg., Memphis, TN 38152, USA
| | - Yonghua Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, P. R. China.
| | - Xiaoyuan Chen
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine (LOMIN), National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (NIBIB), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA.
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16
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Elsutohy MM, Selo A, Chauhan VM, Tendler SJB, Aylott JW. Enhanced distance-dependent fluorescence quenching using size tuneable core shell silica nanoparticles. RSC Adv 2018; 8:35840-35848. [PMID: 35547883 PMCID: PMC9088216 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra05929b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2018] [Accepted: 10/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Core–shell silica nanoparticles were shown to demonstrate quenching between a fluorescent core and surface black hole quencher layer, separated by a size controllable silica shell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed M. Elsutohy
- Boots Science Building
- School of Pharmacy
- University Park Campus
- University of Nottingham
- Nottingham
| | - Amjad Selo
- Boots Science Building
- School of Pharmacy
- University Park Campus
- University of Nottingham
- Nottingham
| | - Veeren M. Chauhan
- Boots Science Building
- School of Pharmacy
- University Park Campus
- University of Nottingham
- Nottingham
| | - Saul J. B. Tendler
- Boots Science Building
- School of Pharmacy
- University Park Campus
- University of Nottingham
- Nottingham
| | - Jonathan W. Aylott
- Boots Science Building
- School of Pharmacy
- University Park Campus
- University of Nottingham
- Nottingham
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17
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Enhancing cell and gene therapy manufacture through the application of advanced fluorescent optical sensors (Review). Biointerphases 2017; 13:01A301. [PMID: 29246035 DOI: 10.1116/1.5013335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell and gene therapies (CGTs) are examples of future therapeutics that can be used to cure or alleviate the symptoms of disease, by repairing damaged tissue or reprogramming defective genetic information. However, despite the recent advancements in clinical trial outcomes, the path to wide-scale adoption of CGTs remains challenging, such that the emergence of a "blockbuster" therapy has so far proved elusive. Manufacturing solutions for these therapies require the application of scalable and replicable cell manufacturing techniques, which differ markedly from the existing pharmaceutical incumbent. Attempts to adopt this pharmaceutical model for CGT manufacture have largely proved unsuccessful. The most significant challenges facing CGT manufacturing are process analytical testing and quality control. These procedures would greatly benefit from improved sensory technologies that allow direct measurement of critical quality attributes, such as pH, oxygen, lactate and glucose. In turn, this would make manufacturing more robust, replicable and standardized. In this review, the present-day state and prospects of CGT manufacturing are discussed. In particular, the authors highlight the role of fluorescent optical sensors, focusing on their strengths and weaknesses, for CGT manufacture. The review concludes by discussing how the integration of CGT manufacture and fluorescent optical sensors could augment future bioprocessing approaches.
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