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Tufoni C, Battistella A, Luppi S, Boscolo R, Ricci G, Lazzarino M, Andolfi L. Flagellar beating forces of human spermatozoa with different motility behaviors. Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2024; 22:28. [PMID: 38448984 PMCID: PMC10916019 DOI: 10.1186/s12958-024-01197-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND One of the causes of male infertility is associated with altered spermatozoa motility. These sperm features are frequently analyzed by image-based approaches, which, despite allowing the acquisition of crucial parameters to assess sperm motility, they are unable to provide details regarding the flagellar beating forces, which have been neglected until now. RESULTS In this work we exploit Fluidic Force Microscopy to investigate and quantify the forces associated with the flagellar beating frequencies of human spermatozoa. The analysis is performed on two groups divided according to the progressive motility of semen samples, as identified by standard clinical protocols. In the first group, 100% of the spermatozoa swim linearly (100% progressive motility), while, in the other, spermatozoa show both linear and circular motility (identified as 80 - 20% progressive motility). Significant differences in flagellar beating forces between spermatozoa from semen sample with different progressive motility are observed. Particularly, linear motile spermatozoa exhibit forces higher than those with a circular movement. CONCLUSIONS This research can increase our understanding of sperm motility and the role of mechanics in fertilization, which could help us unveil some of the causes of idiopathic male infertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Tufoni
- University of Trieste, Trieste, 34100, Italy
- CNR-Istituto Officina dei Materiali (IOM), SS 14 km 163.5 Area Science Park Basovizza, Trieste, 34149, Italy
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health - IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", Trieste, Italy
| | - Alice Battistella
- CNR-Istituto Officina dei Materiali (IOM), SS 14 km 163.5 Area Science Park Basovizza, Trieste, 34149, Italy
- Max Planck Institute for the Science of Light & Max-Planck-Zentrum für Physik und Medizin, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Stefania Luppi
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health - IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", Trieste, Italy
| | - Rita Boscolo
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health - IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", Trieste, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Ricci
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health - IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", Trieste, Italy.
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy.
| | - Marco Lazzarino
- CNR-Istituto Officina dei Materiali (IOM), SS 14 km 163.5 Area Science Park Basovizza, Trieste, 34149, Italy
| | - Laura Andolfi
- CNR-Istituto Officina dei Materiali (IOM), SS 14 km 163.5 Area Science Park Basovizza, Trieste, 34149, Italy.
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2
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Zhou J, Huang J, Huang H, Zhao C, Zou M, Liu D, Weng X, Liu L, Qu J, Liu L, Liao C, Wang Y. Fiber-integrated cantilever-based nanomechanical biosensors as a tool for rapid antibiotic susceptibility testing. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2023; 14:1862-1873. [PMID: 37206142 PMCID: PMC10191643 DOI: 10.1364/boe.484015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
There is an urgent need for developing rapid and affordable antibiotic susceptibility testing (AST) technologies to inhibit the overuse of antibiotics. In this study, a novel microcantilever nanomechanical biosensor based on Fabry-Pérot interference demodulation was developed for AST. To construct the biosensor, a cantilever was integrated with the single mode fiber in order to form the Fabry-Pérot interferometer (FPI). After the attachment of bacteria on the cantilever, the fluctuations of cantilever caused by the bacterial movements were detected by monitoring the changes of resonance wavelength in the interference spectrum. We applied this methodology to Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, showing the amplitude of cantilever's fluctuations was positively related on the quantity of bacteria immobilized on the cantilever and associated with the bacterial metabolism. The response of bacteria to antibiotics was dependent on the types of bacteria, the types and concentrations of antibiotics. Moreover, the minimum inhibitory and bactericidal concentrations for Escherichia coli were obtained within 30 minutes, demonstrating the capacity of this method for rapid AST. Benefiting from the simplicity and portability of the optical fiber FPI-based nanomotion detection device, the developed nanomechanical biosensor in this study provides a promising technique for AST and a more rapid alternative for clinical laboratories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Photonic Devices and Sensing Systems for Internet of Things, Guangdong and Hong Kong Joint Research Centre for Optical Fiber Sensors, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Jiabin Huang
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Photonic Devices and Sensing Systems for Internet of Things, Guangdong and Hong Kong Joint Research Centre for Optical Fiber Sensors, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Haoqiang Huang
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Photonic Devices and Sensing Systems for Internet of Things, Guangdong and Hong Kong Joint Research Centre for Optical Fiber Sensors, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Cong Zhao
- Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence and Digital Economy (SZ), Shenzhen, 518000, China
| | - Mengqiang Zou
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Photonic Devices and Sensing Systems for Internet of Things, Guangdong and Hong Kong Joint Research Centre for Optical Fiber Sensors, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Dejun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Photonic Devices and Sensing Systems for Internet of Things, Guangdong and Hong Kong Joint Research Centre for Optical Fiber Sensors, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Xiaoyu Weng
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Liwei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Junle Qu
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Li Liu
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Changrui Liao
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Photonic Devices and Sensing Systems for Internet of Things, Guangdong and Hong Kong Joint Research Centre for Optical Fiber Sensors, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Yiping Wang
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Photonic Devices and Sensing Systems for Internet of Things, Guangdong and Hong Kong Joint Research Centre for Optical Fiber Sensors, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
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Mei K, Yan T, Wang Y, Rao D, Peng Y, Wu W, Chen Y, Ren M, Yang J, Wu S, Zhang Q. Magneto-Nanomechanical Array Biosensor for Ultrasensitive Detection of Oncogenic Exosomes for Early Diagnosis of Cancers. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2205445. [PMID: 36464637 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202205445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2022] [Revised: 10/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Exosomes are a class of nanoscale vesicles secreted by cells, which contain abundant information closely related to parental cells. The ultrasensitive detection of cancer-derived exosomes is highly significant for early non-invasive diagnosis of cancer. Here, an ultrasensitive nanomechanical sensor is reported, which uses a magnetic-driven microcantilever array to selectively detect oncogenic exosomes. A magnetic force, which can produce a far greater deflection of microcantilever than that produced by the intermolecular interaction force even with very low concentrations of target substances, is introduced. This method reduced the detection limit to less than 10 exosomes mL-1 . Direct detection of exosomes in the serum of patients with breast cancer and in healthy people showed a significant difference. This work improved the sensitivity by five orders of magnitude as compared to that of traditional nanomechanical sensing based on surface stress mode. This method can be applied parallelly for highly sensitive detection of other microorganisms (such as bacteria and viruses) by using different probe molecules, which can provide a supersensitive detection approach for cancer diagnosis, food safety, and SARS-CoV-2 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kainan Mei
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of Material, Department of Modern Mechanics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, China
| | - Tianhao Yan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of Material, Department of Modern Mechanics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, China
| | - Yu Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of Material, Department of Modern Mechanics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, China
| | - Depeng Rao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of Material, Department of Modern Mechanics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, China
| | - Yongpei Peng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of Material, Department of Modern Mechanics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, China
| | - Wenjie Wu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of Material, Department of Modern Mechanics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, China
| | - Ye Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of Material, Department of Modern Mechanics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, China
| | - Min Ren
- Department of Breast Surgery, Department of General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Department of General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, China
| | - Shangquan Wu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of Material, Department of Modern Mechanics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, China
| | - Qingchuan Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of Material, Department of Modern Mechanics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, China
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Battistella A, Andolfi L, Stebel M, Ciubotaru C, Lazzarino M. Investigation on the change of spermatozoa flagellar beating forces before and after capacitation. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2023; 145:213242. [PMID: 36549152 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2022.213242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The swimming forces exerted by mammalian spermatozoa during the pathway to the ovary and during the interaction with the oocyte are thought to play a fundamental role in the fertilization of the egg. In particular, a process named capacitation is of key relevance for its success. Capacitation enables spermatozoa to undergo the acrosome reaction and to exhibit different motility called hyperactivation with a change in the sperm cell tail motion from symmetric to a more asymmetric beating, characterized by wider flagellar bending at lower frequencies. Despite several studies about the mechanism that underlies capacitation, no quantitative information is available about the forces associated with sperm motility. Sperm cell motility has been widely studied with digital imaging tools and video microscopy, but these methodologies cannot provide information about the forces exerted by spermatozoa during the motion and the contribution of every single frequency of flagellar beating to the sperm cell movement. For this purpose, fluidic force microscopy was used to trap single swimming spermatozoa allowing to evaluate these parameters. We observe significant differences between capacitated and non-capacitated spermatozoa in terms of force exerted and beating frequencies. The description of the dynamics of this process is of great interest in the field of reproductive medicine. Such information could be useful to clarify unknown causes of male infertility or for the development of novel methods to assess the quality of semen samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Battistella
- CNR-IOM, SS 14 km 163.5 Area Science Park Basovizza, 34149 Trieste, Italy.
| | - Laura Andolfi
- CNR-IOM, SS 14 km 163.5 Area Science Park Basovizza, 34149 Trieste, Italy.
| | - Marco Stebel
- University of Trieste, P. le Europa 1, 34100 Trieste, Italy.
| | - Catalin Ciubotaru
- CNR-IOM, SS 14 km 163.5 Area Science Park Basovizza, 34149 Trieste, Italy.
| | - Marco Lazzarino
- CNR-IOM, SS 14 km 163.5 Area Science Park Basovizza, 34149 Trieste, Italy.
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Wang Y, Yan T, Mei K, Rao D, Wu W, Chen Y, Peng Y, Wang J, Wu S, Zhang Q. Nanomechanical assay for ultrasensitive and rapid detection of SARS-CoV-2 based on peptide nucleic acid. NANO RESEARCH 2023; 16:1183-1195. [PMID: 35610981 PMCID: PMC9118818 DOI: 10.1007/s12274-022-4333-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED The massive global spread of the COVID-19 pandemic makes the development of more effective and easily popularized assays critical. Here, we developed an ultrasensitive nanomechanical method based on microcantilever array and peptide nucleic acid (PNA) for the detection of severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) RNA. The method has an extremely low detection limit of 0.1 fM (105 copies/mL) for N-gene specific sequence (20 bp). Interestingly, it was further found that the detection limit of N gene (pharyngeal swab sample) was even lower, reaching 50 copies/mL. The large size of the N gene dramatically enhances the sensitivity of the nanomechanical sensor by up to three orders of magnitude. The detection limit of this amplification-free assay method is an order of magnitude lower than RT-PCR (500 copies/mL) that requires amplification. The non-specific signal in the assay is eliminated by the in-situ comparison of the array, reducing the false-positive misdiagnosis rate. The method is amplification-free and label-free, allowing for accurate diagnosis within 1 h. The strong specificity and ultra-sensitivity allow single base mutations in viruses to be distinguished even at very low concentrations. Also, the method remains sensitive to fM magnitude lung cancer marker (miRNA-155). Therefore, this ultrasensitive, amplification-free and inexpensive assay is expected to be used for the early diagnosis of COVID-19 patients and to be extended as a broad detection tool. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL Supplementary material (experimental section, N gene sequences and all nucleic acid sequences used in the study, Figs. S1-S6, and Tables S1-S3) is available in the online version of this article at 10.1007/s12274-022-4333-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of Material, Department of Modern Mechanics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027 China
| | - Tianhao Yan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of Material, Department of Modern Mechanics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027 China
| | - Kainan Mei
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of Material, Department of Modern Mechanics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027 China
| | - Depeng Rao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of Material, Department of Modern Mechanics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027 China
| | - Wenjie Wu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of Material, Department of Modern Mechanics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027 China
| | - Ye Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of Material, Department of Modern Mechanics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027 China
| | - Yongpei Peng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of Material, Department of Modern Mechanics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027 China
| | - Jianye Wang
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022 China
| | - Shangquan Wu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of Material, Department of Modern Mechanics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027 China
| | - Qingchuan Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of Material, Department of Modern Mechanics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027 China
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Pleskova SN, Lazarenko EV, Bezrukov NA, Bobyk SZ, Boryakov AV, Kriukov RN. Differences in bacteria nanomotion profiles and neutrophil nanomotion during phagocytosis. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1113353. [PMID: 37032906 PMCID: PMC10076590 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1113353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The main goal of this work is to highlight the connection between nanomotion and the metabolic activity of living cells. We therefore monitored the nanomotion of four different clinical strains of bacteria (prokaryotes) and the bacterial phagocytosis by neutrophil granulocytes (eukaryotes). All clinical strains of bacteria, regardless of their biochemical profile, showed pronounced fluctuations. Importantly, the nature of their nanomotions was different for the different strains. Flagellated bacteria (Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabilis) showed more pronounced movements than the non-flagellated forms (Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae). The unprimed neutrophil did not cause any difference in cantilever oscillations with control. However, in the process of phagocytosis of S. aureus (metabolically active state), a significant activation of neutrophil granulocytes was observed and cell nanomotions were maintained at a high level for up to 30 min of observation. These preliminary results indicate that nanomotion seems to be specific to different bacterial species and could be used to monitor, in a label free manner, basic cellular processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svetlana Nikolaevna Pleskova
- Laboratory of Scanning Probe Microscopy, Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
- Department of Nanotechnology and Biotechnology, R.E. Alekseev Nizhny Novgorod State Technical University, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
- *Correspondence: Svetlana Nikolaevna Pleskova,
| | - Ekaterina Vladimirovna Lazarenko
- Laboratory of Scanning Probe Microscopy, Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
- Department of Nanotechnology and Biotechnology, R.E. Alekseev Nizhny Novgorod State Technical University, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | | | - Sergey Zenonovich Bobyk
- Laboratory of Scanning Probe Microscopy, Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | | | - Ruslan Nikolaevich Kriukov
- Department of Semiconductors, Electronics and Nanoelectronics Physics, Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
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Conti M, Andolfi L, Betz-Güttner E, Zilio SD, Lazzarino M. Half-wet nanomechanical sensors for cellular dynamics investigations. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2022; 144:213222. [PMID: 36493536 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2022.213222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Testing devices based on cell tracking are particularly interesting as diagnostic tools in medicine for antibiotics susceptibility testing and in vitro chemotherapeutic screening. In this framework, the application of nanomechanical sensors has attracted much attention, although some crucial aspects such as the effects of the viscous damping, when operating in physiological conditions environment, still need to be properly solved. To address this problem, we have designed and fabricated a nanomechanical force sensor that operates at the interface between liquid and air. Our sensor consists of a silicon chip including a 500 μm wide Si3N4 suspended membrane where three rectangular silicon nitride cantilevers are defined by a lithographically etched gap. The cantilevers can be operated in air, fully immersed in a liquid environment and in half wetting condition, with one side in contact with the solution and the opposite one in air. The formation of a water meniscus in the gap prevents the leakage of medium to the opposite side, which remained dry and is used to reflect a laser to measure the cantilever deflection. This configuration enables to keep the cells in physiological environment while operating the sensor in dry conditions. The performance of the sensor has been applied to monitor the motion and measures the forces developed by migrating breast cancer cell. The functionalization of one side of the cantilever and the use of a purposely designed chamber of measurements enable the confinement of the cell only on one side of the cantilever. Our data demonstrate that this approach can distinguish the adhesion and contraction forces developed by different cell lines and may represents valuable tool for a fast and quantitative in-vitro screening of new chemotherapeutic drugs targeting cancer cell adhesion and motility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Conti
- University of Trieste, Department of Physics, PhD in Nanotechnology, 34100 Trieste, Italy; CNR-IOM, Istituto Officina dei Materiali - Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, 34149 Trieste, Italy.
| | - Laura Andolfi
- CNR-IOM, Istituto Officina dei Materiali - Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Erik Betz-Güttner
- University of Trieste, Department of Physics, PhD in Nanotechnology, 34100 Trieste, Italy; CNR-IOM, Istituto Officina dei Materiali - Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Simone Dal Zilio
- CNR-IOM, Istituto Officina dei Materiali - Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Marco Lazzarino
- CNR-IOM, Istituto Officina dei Materiali - Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, 34149 Trieste, Italy
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Al-madani H, Du H, Yao J, Peng H, Yao C, Jiang B, Wu A, Yang F. Living Sample Viability Measurement Methods from Traditional Assays to Nanomotion. BIOSENSORS 2022; 12:453. [PMID: 35884256 PMCID: PMC9313330 DOI: 10.3390/bios12070453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Living sample viability measurement is an extremely common process in medical, pharmaceutical, and biological fields, especially drug pharmacology and toxicology detection. Nowadays, there are a number of chemical, optical, and mechanical methods that have been developed in response to the growing demand for simple, rapid, accurate, and reliable real-time living sample viability assessment. In parallel, the development trend of viability measurement methods (VMMs) has increasingly shifted from traditional assays towards the innovative atomic force microscope (AFM) oscillating sensor method (referred to as nanomotion), which takes advantage of the adhesion of living samples to an oscillating surface. Herein, we provide a comprehensive review of the common VMMs, laying emphasis on their benefits and drawbacks, as well as evaluating the potential utility of VMMs. In addition, we discuss the nanomotion technique, focusing on its applications, sample attachment protocols, and result display methods. Furthermore, the challenges and future perspectives on nanomotion are commented on, mainly emphasizing scientific restrictions and development orientations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamzah Al-madani
- Cixi Institute of Biomedical Engineering, International Cooperation Base of Biomedical Materials Technology and Application, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Zhejiang Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Materials, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, CAS, Ningbo 315201, China; (H.A.-m.); (H.D.); (J.Y.); (H.P.); (C.Y.); (B.J.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Hui Du
- Cixi Institute of Biomedical Engineering, International Cooperation Base of Biomedical Materials Technology and Application, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Zhejiang Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Materials, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, CAS, Ningbo 315201, China; (H.A.-m.); (H.D.); (J.Y.); (H.P.); (C.Y.); (B.J.)
- College of Materials Sciences and Opto-Electronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Junlie Yao
- Cixi Institute of Biomedical Engineering, International Cooperation Base of Biomedical Materials Technology and Application, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Zhejiang Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Materials, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, CAS, Ningbo 315201, China; (H.A.-m.); (H.D.); (J.Y.); (H.P.); (C.Y.); (B.J.)
- College of Materials Sciences and Opto-Electronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Hao Peng
- Cixi Institute of Biomedical Engineering, International Cooperation Base of Biomedical Materials Technology and Application, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Zhejiang Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Materials, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, CAS, Ningbo 315201, China; (H.A.-m.); (H.D.); (J.Y.); (H.P.); (C.Y.); (B.J.)
- College of Materials Sciences and Opto-Electronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Chenyang Yao
- Cixi Institute of Biomedical Engineering, International Cooperation Base of Biomedical Materials Technology and Application, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Zhejiang Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Materials, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, CAS, Ningbo 315201, China; (H.A.-m.); (H.D.); (J.Y.); (H.P.); (C.Y.); (B.J.)
- College of Materials Sciences and Opto-Electronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Bo Jiang
- Cixi Institute of Biomedical Engineering, International Cooperation Base of Biomedical Materials Technology and Application, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Zhejiang Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Materials, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, CAS, Ningbo 315201, China; (H.A.-m.); (H.D.); (J.Y.); (H.P.); (C.Y.); (B.J.)
| | - Aiguo Wu
- Cixi Institute of Biomedical Engineering, International Cooperation Base of Biomedical Materials Technology and Application, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Zhejiang Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Materials, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, CAS, Ningbo 315201, China; (H.A.-m.); (H.D.); (J.Y.); (H.P.); (C.Y.); (B.J.)
- Advanced Energy Science and Technology Guangdong Laboratory, Huizhou 516000, China
| | - Fang Yang
- Cixi Institute of Biomedical Engineering, International Cooperation Base of Biomedical Materials Technology and Application, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Zhejiang Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Materials, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, CAS, Ningbo 315201, China; (H.A.-m.); (H.D.); (J.Y.); (H.P.); (C.Y.); (B.J.)
- Advanced Energy Science and Technology Guangdong Laboratory, Huizhou 516000, China
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9
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Kohler A, Venturelli L, Longo G, Dietler G, Kasas S. Nanomotion detection based on atomic force microscopy cantilevers. Cell Surf 2019; 5:100021. [PMID: 32743137 PMCID: PMC7388971 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcsw.2019.100021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2018] [Revised: 02/14/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Atomic force microscopes (AFM) or low-noise in-house dedicated devices can highlight nanomotion oscillations. The method consists of attaching the organism of interest onto a silicon-based sensor and following its nano-scale motion as a function of time. The nanometric scale oscillations exerted by biological specimens last as long the organism is viable and reflect the status of the microorganism metabolism upon exposure to different chemical or physical stimuli. During the last couple of years, the nanomotion pattern of several types of bacteria, yeasts and mammalian cells has been determined. This article reviews this technique in details, presents results obtained with dozens of different microorganisms and discusses the potential applications of nanomotion in fundamental research, medical microbiology and space exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- A.C. Kohler
- Laboratoire de Physique de la Matière Vivante, EPFL, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - L. Venturelli
- Laboratoire de Physique de la Matière Vivante, EPFL, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - G. Longo
- Istituto di Struttura della Materia ISM-CNR, Rome, Italy
| | - G. Dietler
- Laboratoire de Physique de la Matière Vivante, EPFL, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - S. Kasas
- Laboratoire de Physique de la Matière Vivante, EPFL, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
- Unité Facultaire d’Anatomie et de Morphologie, CUMRL, Université de Lausanne, CH-1005 Lausanne, Switzerland
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Wu S, Guo Y, Wang W, Zhou J, Zhang Q. Label-free biosensing using a microring resonator integrated with poly-(dimethylsiloxane) microfluidic channels. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2019; 90:035004. [PMID: 30927803 DOI: 10.1063/1.5074134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2018] [Accepted: 03/08/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Microring resonators have shown promising potential for highly sensitive, label-free, real-time detection of biomolecules. Accurate quantitative detection of target molecules through use of photonic integrated circuits has been demonstrated for environmental monitoring and medical diagnostics. Here, we described the design, fabrication, and characterization of a highly sensitive, label-free microring optical resonator integrated with poly-(dimethylsiloxane) microfluidic channels, which consumes only 30 µl of sample solution. The resonance wavelength shifts resulting from the change in the effective refraction index can be measured in situ, and thus the binding events on the resonator surface, including antibody immobilization, blocking of the resonator surface, and the specific binding of antibody and antigen, can be recorded throughout the entire experimental process in real time. We measured the binding events for the detection of human immunoglobulin G. The system had a detection limit of 0.5 µg/ml, a value substantially (14 times) lower than that of a previously reported microring resonator. To verify the usefulness and adaptability of this technique, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 was used for the detection. The microring optical resonator was able to monitor reactions between biological molecules in real time and thus can be used in quantitative detection and biological sensing with little sample consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shangquan Wu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of Material, Department of Modern Mechanics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China
| | - Yingying Guo
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of Material, Department of Modern Mechanics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China
| | - Wanjun Wang
- China Electronics Technology Group Corporation No. 38 Research Institute, Anhui 230001, China
| | - Jie Zhou
- China Electronics Technology Group Corporation No. 38 Research Institute, Anhui 230001, China
| | - Qingchuan Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of Material, Department of Modern Mechanics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China
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11
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Padovani F, Duffy J, Hegner M. Nanomechanical clinical coagulation diagnostics and monitoring of therapies. NANOSCALE 2017; 9:17939-17947. [PMID: 29125171 DOI: 10.1039/c7nr06992h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Clinical coagulation diagnostics often requires multiple tests. Coagulation times are a first indication of an abnormal coagulation process, such as a coagulation factor deficiency. To determine the specific deficient factor, additional immuno- and/or enzyme assays are necessary. Currently, every clinical laboratory has to normalize their assays (international normalized ratio, INR), and therefore, certain variability within the clinical analytics exists. We report a novel strategy for a quick, reliable and quantitative diagnosis of blood coagulation diseases (e.g. haemophilia) and for monitoring factor replacement and anticoagulant therapies (e.g. heparin treatment). We exploit nano-oscillations of microcantilevers for real-time measurements of the evolving blood plasma clot strength (viscosity). The sensors are oscillated at multiple high resonance mode numbers, in order to minimise the oscillation amplitude (a few nanometers), to provide direct internal control and to increase the quality factor. Along with the activated thromboplastin time (aPTT) and prothrombin time (PT) other parameters important for thrombosis diagnostics can be obtained, including the final clot strength and the fibrinolysis time. We demonstrate the dependence of the parameters on factor deficiencies and we diagnose a specific factor deficiency through an integrated and quantitative in situ immunoassay. This approach does not require continuous calibration since it delivers an absolute quantity (clot strength). The low sample volume required (a few μl) and the ability to measure different parameters within the same test (PT, aPTT and global coagulation assay) make the presented technique a versatile point-of-care device for clinical coagulation diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Padovani
- Centre for Research on Adaptive Nanostructures and Nanodevices (CRANN), School of Physics, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland.
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