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Herrera SE, Agazzi ML, Apuzzo E, Cortez ML, Marmisollé WA, Tagliazucchi M, Azzaroni O. Polyelectrolyte-multivalent molecule complexes: physicochemical properties and applications. SOFT MATTER 2023; 19:2013-2041. [PMID: 36811333 DOI: 10.1039/d2sm01507b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The complexation of polyelectrolytes with other oppositely charged structures gives rise to a great variety of functional materials with potential applications in a wide spectrum of technological fields. Depending on the assembly conditions, polyelectrolyte complexes can acquire different macroscopic configurations such as dense precipitates, nanosized colloids and liquid coacervates. In the past 50 years, much progress has been achieved to understand the principles behind the phase separation induced by the interaction of two oppositely charged polyelectrolytes in aqueous solutions, especially for symmetric systems (systems in which both polyions have similar molecular weight and concentration). However, in recent years, the complexation of polyelectrolytes with alternative building blocks such as small charged molecules (multivalent inorganic species, oligopeptides, and oligoamines, among others) has gained attention in different areas. In this review, we discuss the physicochemical characteristics of the complexes formed by polyelectrolytes and multivalent small molecules, putting a special emphasis on their similarities with the well-known polycation-polyanion complexes. In addition, we analyze the potential of these complexes to act as versatile functional platforms in various technological fields, such as biomedicine and advanced materials engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santiago E Herrera
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Analítica y Química Física, INQUIMAE, CONICET. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Ciudad Universitaria, Pabellón 2, Buenos Aires C1428EHA, Argentina.
| | - Maximiliano L Agazzi
- Instituto para el Desarrollo Agroindustrial y de la Salud (IDAS), (UNRC, CONICET), Ruta Nacional 36 KM 601, 5800 Río Cuarto, Argentina.
| | - Eugenia Apuzzo
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas (INIFTA), (UNLP, CONICET), Sucursal 4, Casilla de Correo 16, 1900 La Plata, Argentina.
| | - M Lorena Cortez
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas (INIFTA), (UNLP, CONICET), Sucursal 4, Casilla de Correo 16, 1900 La Plata, Argentina.
| | - Waldemar A Marmisollé
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas (INIFTA), (UNLP, CONICET), Sucursal 4, Casilla de Correo 16, 1900 La Plata, Argentina.
| | - Mario Tagliazucchi
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Analítica y Química Física, INQUIMAE, CONICET. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Ciudad Universitaria, Pabellón 2, Buenos Aires C1428EHA, Argentina.
| | - Omar Azzaroni
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas (INIFTA), (UNLP, CONICET), Sucursal 4, Casilla de Correo 16, 1900 La Plata, Argentina.
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Mijangos C, Martin J. Polymerization within Nanoporous Anodized Alumina Oxide Templates (AAO): A Critical Survey. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15030525. [PMID: 36771824 PMCID: PMC9919978 DOI: 10.3390/polym15030525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
In the last few years, the polymerization of monomers within the nanocavities of porous materials has been thoroughly studied and developed, allowing for the synthesis of polymers with tailored morphologies, chemical architectures and functionalities. This is thus a subject of paramount scientific and technological relevance, which, however, has not previously been analyzed from a general perspective. The present overview reports the state of the art on polymerization reactions in spatial confinement within porous materials, focusing on the use of anodized aluminum oxide (AAO) templates. It includes the description of the AAO templates used as nanoreactors. The polymerization reactions are categorized based on the polymerization mechanism. Amongst others, this includes electrochemical polymerization, free radical polymerization, step polymerization and atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP). For each polymerization mechanism, a further subdivision is made based on the nature of the monomer used. Other aspects of "in situ" polymerization reactions in restricted AAO geometries include: conversion monitoring, kinetic studies, modeling and polymer characterization. In addition to the description of the polymerization process itself, the use of polymer materials derived from polymerization in AAO templates in nanotechnology applications, is also highlighted. Finally, the review is concluded with a general discussion outlining the challenges that remain in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Mijangos
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Polímeros, ICTP-CSIC, Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain
- Donostia International Physics Center, DIPC, Paseo de Manuel Lardizabal 4, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain
- POLYMAT, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Avenida Tolosa 72, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain
- Correspondence:
| | - Jaime Martin
- POLYMAT, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Avenida Tolosa 72, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain
- Grupo de Polímeros, Centro de Investigacións Tecnolóxicas (CIT), Universidade da Coruña, 15471 Ferrol, Spain
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León-Boigues L, Navarro R, Mijangos C. Free radical nanocopolymerization in AAO porous materials: Kinetic, copolymer composition and monomer reactivity ratios. POLYMER 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2021.123989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Chang Q, Shen Z, Guo Z, Xue C, Li N, Yang J, Hu S. Hydroxypropylmethyl Cellulose Modified with Carbon Dots Exhibits Light-Responsive and Reversible Optical Switching. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:12375-12382. [PMID: 33667060 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c22300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
A light-responsive optical switching material is reported, which was obtained by incorporating carbon dots (CDs) into thermochromic hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose (HPMC). The ultrasmall size of CDs guarantees the considerable transparency of CDs/HPMC. Under illumination, CDs/HPMC shows rapid and reversible optical switching between transparent and opaque states due to the remarkable photothermal effect of CDs. Moreover, the interaction between CDs and HPMC enhances the light absorption and boosts the nonradiative recombination of photoexcited charge carriers that further promote the photothermal conversion of CDs, and also ensures the structural stability of the composite. The obtained CDs/HPMC with good reversibility and high sensitivity which can dynamically switch their transparency in response to weather conditions exhibits excellent solar modulation ability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Chang
- Research Group of New Energy Materials and Devices, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China
| | - Zhuohao Shen
- Research Group of New Energy Materials and Devices, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China
| | - Zeyu Guo
- Research Group of New Energy Materials and Devices, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China
| | - Chaorui Xue
- Research Group of New Energy Materials and Devices, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China
| | - Ning Li
- Research Group of New Energy Materials and Devices, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China
| | - Jinlong Yang
- Research Group of New Energy Materials and Devices, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China
- State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Shengliang Hu
- Research Group of New Energy Materials and Devices, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China
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León-Boigues L, Pérez LA, Mijangos C. In Situ Synthesis of Poly(butyl methacrylate) in Anodic Aluminum Oxide Nanoreactors by Radical Polymerization: A Comparative Kinetics Analysis by Differential Scanning Calorimetry and 1H-NMR. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13040602. [PMID: 33671387 PMCID: PMC7923008 DOI: 10.3390/polym13040602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Revised: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
In this work, we explore the ability to generate well-defined poly(butyl methacrylate) (PBMA) nanostructures by “in situ” polymerization of butyl methacrylate monomer (BMA). PBMA nanostructures of high and low aspect ratios have been successfully obtained through the free radical polymerization (FRP) of a BMA monomer in anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) nanoreactors of suitable size. A polymerization kinetics process has been followed by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance spectroscopy (1H-NMR).The determination of the kinetics of polymerization through DSC is based on a quick and direct analysis of the exothermic polymerization process, whereas the analysis through 1H-NMR also allows the unambiguous chemical analysis of the resulting polymer. When compared to bulk polymerization, both techniques demonstrate confinement effects. Moreover, DSC and 1H-NMR analysis give the same kinetics results and show a gel-effect in all the cases. The number average molecular weight (Mn) of the PBMA obtained in AAO of 60–300 nm are between 30·103–175·103 g/mol. Even if the Mn value is lower with respect to that obtained in bulk polymerization, it is high enough to maintain the polymer properties. As determined by SEM morphological characterization, once extracted from the AAO nanoreactor, the polymer nanostructures show controlled homogeneous aspect/size all throughout the length of nanopillar over a surface area of few cm2. The Young’s modulus of low aspect ratio PBMA nanopillars determined by AFM gives a value of 3.1 ± 1.1 MPa. In this work, a 100% of PBMA polymer nanostructures are obtained from a BMA monomer in AAO templates through a quick double process: 30 min of monomer immersion at room temperature and 90 min of polymerization reaction at 60 °C. While the same nanostructures are obtained by polymer infiltration of PBMA at 200 °C in about 6 h, polymerization conditions are much softer than those corresponding to the polymer infiltration process. Furthermore, the 1H-NMR technique has been consolidated as a tool for studying the kinetics of the copolymerization reactions in confinement and the determination of monomer reactivity ratios.
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Gayathri V, Pentela N, Samanta D. Palladium nanoparticles capped by thermoresponsive N‐heterocyclic carbene: Two different approaches for a comparative study. Appl Organomet Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.6166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Varnakumar Gayathri
- Polymer Science & Technology Department CSIR‐CLRI Chennai India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research Ghaziabad India
| | - Nagaraju Pentela
- Polymer Science & Technology Department CSIR‐CLRI Chennai India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research Ghaziabad India
| | - Debasis Samanta
- Polymer Science & Technology Department CSIR‐CLRI Chennai India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research Ghaziabad India
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Hafeez S, Nebhani L. TEMPO driven thiol–ene reaction for the preparation of polymer functionalized silicon wafers. NEW J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1nj00561h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
TEMPO driven thiol–ene reaction was utilized to prepare silicon (Si) wafers modified with a variety of polymer brushes, such as poly(N-isopropyl acrylamide), polystyrene, poly(isobornyl acrylate), poly(acrylic acid), and functionalized cysteine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumbul Hafeez
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering
- Indian Institute of Technology Delhi
- Hauz Khas
- India
| | - Leena Nebhani
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering
- Indian Institute of Technology Delhi
- Hauz Khas
- India
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Gong S, He T, Huang Q, Shu X, Zhou X. Anchoring PNIPAM on ATP Surface via hydrogen bonding and coordination for a temperature-responsive adsorption of hydrophobic drug. SN APPLIED SCIENCES 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s42452-020-2643-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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9
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León-Boigues L, von Bilderling C, Pietrasanta LI, Azzaroni O, Giussi JM, Mijangos C. A Patterned Butyl Methacrylate- co-2-Hydroxyethyl Acrylate Copolymer with Softening Surface and Swelling Capacity. Polymers (Basel) 2019; 11:E290. [PMID: 30960274 PMCID: PMC6419064 DOI: 10.3390/polym11020290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Accepted: 02/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The tunable swelling and mechanical properties of nanostructures polymers are crucial parameters for the creation of adaptive devices to be used in diverse fields, such as drug delivery, nanomedicine, and tissue engineering. We present the use of anodic aluminum oxide templates as a nanoreactor to copolymerize butyl methacrylate and 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate under radical conditions. The copolymer obtained under confinement showed significant differences with respect to the same copolymer obtained in bulk conditions. Molecular weights, molecular weight dispersities, Young's modulus, and wetting behaviors were significantly modified. The combination of selected monomers allowed us to obtain nanopillar structures with an interesting softening surface and extraordinary swelling capacity that could be of special interest to surface science and specifically, cell culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laia León-Boigues
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Polímeros, ICTP-CSIC, Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Catalina von Bilderling
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas (INIFTA)⁻Departamento de Química⁻Facultad de Ciencias Exactas-Universidad Nacional de La Plata⁻CONICET, 1900 La Plata, Argentina.
- Departamento de Física, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, C1428EHA Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Lía I Pietrasanta
- Departamento de Física, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, C1428EHA Buenos Aires, Argentina.
- Instituto de Física de Buenos Aires (IFIBA-CONICET), C1428EHA Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Omar Azzaroni
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas (INIFTA)⁻Departamento de Química⁻Facultad de Ciencias Exactas-Universidad Nacional de La Plata⁻CONICET, 1900 La Plata, Argentina.
| | - Juan M Giussi
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas (INIFTA)⁻Departamento de Química⁻Facultad de Ciencias Exactas-Universidad Nacional de La Plata⁻CONICET, 1900 La Plata, Argentina.
| | - Carmen Mijangos
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Polímeros, ICTP-CSIC, Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain.
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), Paseo Manuel Lardizabal 4 and Centro de Fisica de Materiales, CFM-CSIC/UPV-EHU Paseo de Manuel Lardizabal 5, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain.
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10
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Tang X, Xu Y, Chen J, Ying T, Wang L, Jiang L, Wang Y, Wang Z, Ling Y, Wang F, Yao L, Ran H, Wang Z, Hu B, Zheng Y. Intermittent time-set technique controlling the temperature of magnetic-hyperthermia-ablation for tumor therapy. RSC Adv 2018; 8:16410-16418. [PMID: 35540534 PMCID: PMC9080322 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra01176a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2018] [Accepted: 03/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Magnetic-hyperthermia-ablation is considered as an effective and minimally invasive technology for tumor therapy.
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