1
|
Kim KW, Seok H, Son S, Park SJ, Yang C, Lee D, Lee HC, Mun J, Yeom HJ, Yoon MY, Park B, Kim SH, Jo C, Moon HC, Kim T, Kim JK. Low-Temperature, Universal Synthetic Route for Mesoporous Metal Oxides by Exploiting Synergistic Effect of Thermal Activation and Plasma. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2311809. [PMID: 38241612 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202311809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
Mesoporous metal oxides exhibit excellent physicochemical properties and are widely used in various fields, including energy storage/conversion, catalysis, and sensors. Although several soft-template approaches are reported, high-temperature calcination for both metal oxide formation and template removal is necessary, which limits direct synthesis on a plastic substrate for flexible devices. Here, a universal synthetic approach that combines thermal activation and oxygen plasma to synthesize diverse mesoporous metal oxides (V2O5, V6O13, TiO2, Nb2O5, WO3, and MoO3) at low temperatures (150-200 °C), which can be applicable to a flexible polymeric substrate is introduced. As a demonstration, a flexible micro-supercapacitor is fabricated by directly synthesizing mesoporous V2O5 on an indium-tin oxide-coated colorless polyimide film. The energy storage performance is well maintained under severe bending conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Keon-Woo Kim
- National Creative Research Initiative Center for Hybrid Nano Materials by High-level Architectural Design of Block Copolymer, Pohang, Gyeongbuk, 790-784, Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, Gyeongbuk, 790-784, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunho Seok
- SKKU Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology (SAINT), Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Sihoon Son
- SKKU Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology (SAINT), Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Su-Jeong Park
- Advanced Nano-Surface & Wearable Electronics Research Laboratory, Heat and Surface Technology R&D Department, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology, Incheon, 21999, Republic of Korea
| | - Chanwoo Yang
- Advanced Nano-Surface & Wearable Electronics Research Laboratory, Heat and Surface Technology R&D Department, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology, Incheon, 21999, Republic of Korea
| | - Dongho Lee
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo-Chang Lee
- Department of Semiconductor Science, Engineering and Technology, Korea Aerospace University, Goyang, 10540, Republic of Korea
| | - Jihun Mun
- Advanced Instrumentation Institute, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Jung Yeom
- Advanced Instrumentation Institute, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Young Yoon
- Advanced Instrumentation Institute, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Bomi Park
- National Creative Research Initiative Center for Hybrid Nano Materials by High-level Architectural Design of Block Copolymer, Pohang, Gyeongbuk, 790-784, Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, Gyeongbuk, 790-784, Republic of Korea
| | - Se Hyun Kim
- Division of Chemical Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Changshin Jo
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, Gyeongbuk, 790-784, Republic of Korea
- Graduate Institute of Ferrous & Energy Materials Technology (GIFT), Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, Gyeongbuk, 790-784, Republic of Korea
| | - Hong Chul Moon
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Seoul, Seoul, 02504, Republic of Korea
| | - Taesung Kim
- SKKU Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology (SAINT), Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Kon Kim
- National Creative Research Initiative Center for Hybrid Nano Materials by High-level Architectural Design of Block Copolymer, Pohang, Gyeongbuk, 790-784, Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, Gyeongbuk, 790-784, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Weindl CL, Fajman CE, Xu Z, Zheng T, Möhl GE, Chaulagain N, Shankar K, Gilles R, Fässler TF, Müller-Buschbaum P. Dendritic Copper Current Collectors as a Capacity Boosting Material for Polymer-Templated Si/Ge/C Anodes in Li-Ion Batteries. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:2309-2318. [PMID: 38170673 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c15735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Dendritic copper offers a highly effective method for synthesizing porous copper anodes due to its intricate branching structure. This morphology results in an elevated surface area-to-volume ratio, facilitating shortened electron pathways during aqueous and electrolyte permeation. Here, we demonstrate a procedure for a time- and cost-efficient synthesis routine of fern-like copper microstructures as a host for polymer-templated Si/Ge/C thin films. Dissolvable Zintl clusters and sol-gel chemistry are used to synthesize nanoporous coating as the anode. Cyclic voltammetry (CV) with KOH as the electrolyte is used to estimate the surface area increase in the dendritic copper current collectors (CCs). Half cells are assembled and tested with battery-related techniques such as CV, galvanostatic cycling, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, showing a capacity increase in the dendritic copper cells. Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy is used to estimate the removal of K in the bulk after oxidizing the Zintl phase K12Si8Ge9 in the polymer/precursor blend with SiCl4. Furthermore, scanning electron microscopy images are provided to depict the thin films after synthesis and track the degradation of the half cells after cycling, revealing that the morphological degradation through alloying/dealloying is reduced for the dendritic Cu CC anodes as compared with the bare reference. Finally, we highlight this time- and cost-efficient routine for synthesizing this capacity-boosting material for low-mobility and high-capacity anode coatings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christian L Weindl
- TUM School of Natural Sciences, Chair for Functional Materials, Physics Department, Technical University of Munich, James-Franck-Str. 1, Garching 85748, Germany
| | - Christian E Fajman
- TUM School of Natural Sciences, Chair of Inorganic Chemistry with Focus on Novel Materials, Chemistry Department, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstr. 4, Garching 85748, Germany
| | - Zhuijun Xu
- TUM School of Natural Sciences, Chair for Functional Materials, Physics Department, Technical University of Munich, James-Franck-Str. 1, Garching 85748, Germany
| | - Tianle Zheng
- TUM School of Natural Sciences, Chair for Functional Materials, Physics Department, Technical University of Munich, James-Franck-Str. 1, Garching 85748, Germany
| | - Gilles E Möhl
- Heinz Maier-Leibnitz Zentrum (MLZ), Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstr. 1, Garching 85748, Germany
| | - Narendra Chaulagain
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton T6G 1H9, AB, Canada
| | - Karthik Shankar
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton T6G 1H9, AB, Canada
| | - Ralph Gilles
- Heinz Maier-Leibnitz Zentrum (MLZ), Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstr. 1, Garching 85748, Germany
| | - Thomas F Fässler
- TUM School of Natural Sciences, Chair of Inorganic Chemistry with Focus on Novel Materials, Chemistry Department, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstr. 4, Garching 85748, Germany
| | - Peter Müller-Buschbaum
- TUM School of Natural Sciences, Chair for Functional Materials, Physics Department, Technical University of Munich, James-Franck-Str. 1, Garching 85748, Germany
- Heinz Maier-Leibnitz Zentrum (MLZ), Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstr. 1, Garching 85748, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Hohn N, Wang X, Giebel MA, Yin S, Müller D, Hetzenecker AE, Bießmann L, Kreuzer LP, Möhl GE, Yu H, Veinot JGC, Fässler TF, Cheng YJ, Müller-Buschbaum P. Mesoporous GeO x/Ge/C as a Highly Reversible Anode Material with High Specific Capacity for Lithium-Ion Batteries. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:47002-47009. [PMID: 32955236 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c13560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Nanostructured Ge is considered a highly promising material for Li-ion battery applications as Ge offers high specific capacity and Li-ion diffusivity, while inherent mesoporous nanostructures can contribute resistance against capacity fading as typically induced by high volume expansion in bulk Ge films. Mesoporous GeOx/Ge/C films are synthesized using K4Ge9 Zintl clusters as a Ge precursor and the amphiphilic diblock copolymer polystyrene-block-polyethylene oxide as a templating tool. As compared to a reference sample without post-treatment, enhanced surface-to-volume ratios are achieved through post-treatment with a poor-good azeotrope solvent mixture. High capacities of over 2000 mA h g-1 are obtained with good stability over 300 cycles. Information from morphological and compositional characterization for both reference and post-treated sample suggests that the good electrochemical performance originates from reversible GeO2 conversion reactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nuri Hohn
- Lehrstuhl für Funktionelle Materialien, Physik Department, Technische Universität München, James-Franck-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Xiaoyan Wang
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Polymers and Composites Division, Chinese Academy of Science, 1219 Zhongguan West Road, Ningbo 315201, China
| | - Michael A Giebel
- Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie mit Schwerpunkt Neue Materialien, Department Chemie, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstr. 4, 85747 Garching, Germany
| | - Shanshan Yin
- Lehrstuhl für Funktionelle Materialien, Physik Department, Technische Universität München, James-Franck-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - David Müller
- Lehrstuhl für Funktionelle Materialien, Physik Department, Technische Universität München, James-Franck-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Andreas E Hetzenecker
- Lehrstuhl für Funktionelle Materialien, Physik Department, Technische Universität München, James-Franck-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Lorenz Bießmann
- Lehrstuhl für Funktionelle Materialien, Physik Department, Technische Universität München, James-Franck-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Lucas P Kreuzer
- Lehrstuhl für Funktionelle Materialien, Physik Department, Technische Universität München, James-Franck-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Gilles E Möhl
- Lehrstuhl für Funktionelle Materialien, Physik Department, Technische Universität München, James-Franck-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Haoyang Yu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, 11227 Saskatchewan Drive, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Jonathan G C Veinot
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, 11227 Saskatchewan Drive, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Thomas F Fässler
- Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie mit Schwerpunkt Neue Materialien, Department Chemie, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstr. 4, 85747 Garching, Germany
| | - Ya-Jun Cheng
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Polymers and Composites Division, Chinese Academy of Science, 1219 Zhongguan West Road, Ningbo 315201, China
| | - Peter Müller-Buschbaum
- Lehrstuhl für Funktionelle Materialien, Physik Department, Technische Universität München, James-Franck-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
- Heinz Maier-Leibnitz Zentrum (MLZ), Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstr. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Li N, Song L, Hohn N, Saxena N, Cao W, Jiang X, Müller-Buschbaum P. Nanoscale crystallization of a low band gap polymer in printed titania mesopores. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:4085-4093. [PMID: 32022062 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr08055d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The crystallization behavior of the low band gap polymer poly[(5,6-difluoro-2,1,3-benzothiadiazol-4,7-diyl)-alt-(3,3'''-di(2-octyldodecyl)2,2';5',2'';5'',2'''-quaterthiophen-5,5'''-diyl)] (PffBT4T-2OD) induced in printed mesoporous titania films with different pore sizes is studied to optimize the crystal orientation for an application in hybrid solar cells. The correlation between the crystal structure of PffBT4T-2OD and the titania pore size is investigated with a combination of grazing incidence wide-angle X-ray scattering (GIWAXS) and grazing incidence small-angle X-ray scattering (GISAXS). For comparison, poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) is also backfilled into the same four types of printed titania mesoporous scaffolds. Both, lattice constants and crystal sizes of edge-on oriented P3HT crystals decrease with increasing the titania pore size. Similarly and irrespective of the crystal orientation, a denser stacking of PffBT4T-2OD chains is found for larger pore sizes of the titania matrix. For an edge-on orientation, also bigger PffBT4T-2OD crystals are favorably formed in smaller pores, whereas for a face-on orientation, PffBT4T-2OD crystals increase with increasing size of the titania pores. Thus, the best ratio of face-on to edge-on crystals for PffBT4T-2OD is obtained through infiltration into large titania pores.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nian Li
- Technische Universität München, Physik-Department, Lehrstuhl für Funktionelle Materialien, James-Franck-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany.
| | - Lin Song
- Technische Universität München, Physik-Department, Lehrstuhl für Funktionelle Materialien, James-Franck-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany. and Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE), Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU), Youyixilu 127, Xi'an 710072, Shaanxi, China
| | - Nuri Hohn
- Technische Universität München, Physik-Department, Lehrstuhl für Funktionelle Materialien, James-Franck-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany.
| | - Nitin Saxena
- Technische Universität München, Physik-Department, Lehrstuhl für Funktionelle Materialien, James-Franck-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany.
| | - Wei Cao
- Technische Universität München, Physik-Department, Lehrstuhl für Funktionelle Materialien, James-Franck-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany.
| | - Xinyu Jiang
- Technische Universität München, Physik-Department, Lehrstuhl für Funktionelle Materialien, James-Franck-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany.
| | - Peter Müller-Buschbaum
- Technische Universität München, Physik-Department, Lehrstuhl für Funktionelle Materialien, James-Franck-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany. and Heinz Maier-Leibnitz Zentrum (MLZ), Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstr. 1, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Yu X, Wu X, Si Y, Wang X, Yu J, Ding B. Waterproof and Breathable Electrospun Nanofibrous Membranes. Macromol Rapid Commun 2019; 40:e1800931. [PMID: 30725509 DOI: 10.1002/marc.201800931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2018] [Revised: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Waterproof and breathable (W&B) membranes combine fascinating properties of resistance to liquid water penetration and transmitting of water vapor, playing a key role in addressing problems related to health, resources, and energy. Electrospinning is an efficient and advanced way to construct nanofibrous materials with easily tailored wettability and adjustable pore structure, therefore providing an ideal strategy for constructing W&B membranes. In this review, recent progress on electrospun W&B membranes is summarized, involving materials design and fabrication, basic properties of electrospun W&B membranes associated with waterproofness and breathability, as well as their applications. In addition, challenges and future trends of electrospun W&B membranes are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xi Yu
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Xiaohui Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Yang Si
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China.,Innovation Center for Textile Science and Technology, Donghua University, Shanghai, 200051, China
| | - Xianfeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China.,Innovation Center for Textile Science and Technology, Donghua University, Shanghai, 200051, China
| | - Jianyong Yu
- Innovation Center for Textile Science and Technology, Donghua University, Shanghai, 200051, China
| | - Bin Ding
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China.,Innovation Center for Textile Science and Technology, Donghua University, Shanghai, 200051, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Hohn N, Hetzenecker AE, Giebel MA, Geier S, Bießmann L, Körstgens V, Saxena N, Schlipf J, Ohm W, Deimel PS, Allegretti F, Barth JV, Roth SV, Fässler TF, Müller-Buschbaum P. Amphiphilic diblock copolymer-mediated structure control in nanoporous germanium-based thin films. NANOSCALE 2019; 11:2048-2055. [PMID: 30644939 DOI: 10.1039/c8nr09427f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Fabrication of porous, foam-like germanium-based (Ge-based) nanostructures is achieved with the use of the amphiphilic diblock copolymer polystyrene-b-polyethylene oxide as structure directing agent. Basic concepts of block copolymer assisted sol-gel synthesis are successfully realized based on the [Ge9]4- Zintl clusters as a precursor for Ge-based thin films. Material/elemental composition and crystalline Ge-based phases are investigated via X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction measurements, respectively. Poor-good solvent pair induced phase separation leads to pore sizes in the Ge-based films up to 40 nm, which can be tuned through a change of the molar mixing ratio between polymer template and precursor as proven by grazing incidence small angle X-ray scattering and scanning electron microscopy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nuri Hohn
- Technische Universität München, Physik-Department, Lehrstuhl für Funktionelle Materialien, James-Franck-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Villanueva-Cab J, Olalde-Velasco P, Romero-Contreras A, Zhuo Z, Pan F, Rodil SE, Yang W, Pal U. Photocharging and Band Gap Narrowing Effects on the Performance of Plasmonic Photoelectrodes in Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:31374-31383. [PMID: 30129358 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b10063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The incorporation of plasmonic nanostructures in active electrodes has become one of the most attractive ways to enhance the photoconversion efficiency (PCE) of dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). Although an enhancement of PCE because of the incorporation of plasmonic nanostructures of different sizes, either bare or coated, has been demonstrated, the fundamental mechanisms associated to such enhancement are still unclear. Besides, the photocurrent enhancement of plasmonic DSSCs is frequently associated to the strong surface plasmon resonance (SPR) absorption of metal nanoparticles. In this work, through oxygen K-edge soft X-ray absorption and emission spectroscopies of plasmonic electrodes and electrodynamical characterization of the fabricated cells, we demonstrate a band gap narrowing and photocharging effect on the plasmonic electrodes that definitely contribute to the PCE enhancement in plasmonic DSSCs. The incorporation of bare metal nanoparticles in active metal-oxide semiconductor electrodes such as TiO2 in optimum concentration causes an upward shift of its valence band edge, reducing its effective band gap energy and enhancing the short-circuit current of DSSCs. On the other hand, small perturbation-based stepped light-induced transient measurements of photovoltage and photocurrent of the operating DSSCs revealed an upward shift of quasi-Fermi level of photoelectrodes because of the photocharging effect induced by the incorporated metal nanoparticles. The upward shift of the quasi-Fermi level causes an increase in open-circuit voltage ( VOC), nullifying the effect of band gap reduction. The short-circuit photocurrent enhancement was controlled by the band gap narrowing, screening the SPR contribution. The results presented in this work not only clarify the contribution of SPR absorption in plasmonic DSSCs, but also highlight the importance of considering the corrections in the effective base voltage because of the quasi-Fermi level band shift during the estimation of the transport and recombination parameters of an assembled DSSC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julio Villanueva-Cab
- Instituto de Física , Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla , Apdo. Postal J-48 , Puebla , Puebla 72570 , Mexico
| | - Paul Olalde-Velasco
- Instituto de Física , Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla , Apdo. Postal J-48 , Puebla , Puebla 72570 , Mexico
| | - Alfredo Romero-Contreras
- Instituto de Física , Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla , Apdo. Postal J-48 , Puebla , Puebla 72570 , Mexico
| | - Zengqing Zhuo
- Advanced Light Source , Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , 1 Cyclotron Road , Berkeley , California 94720 , United States
- School of Advanced Materials , Peking University, Shenzhen Graduate School , Shenzhen 518055 , People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Pan
- School of Advanced Materials , Peking University, Shenzhen Graduate School , Shenzhen 518055 , People's Republic of China
| | - Sandra E Rodil
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Materiales , Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México , Mexico City 04510 , Mexico
| | - Wanli Yang
- Advanced Light Source , Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , 1 Cyclotron Road , Berkeley , California 94720 , United States
| | - Umapada Pal
- Instituto de Física , Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla , Apdo. Postal J-48 , Puebla , Puebla 72570 , Mexico
| |
Collapse
|