1
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Pedro G, Duarte F, Cheptsov DA, Volodin NY, Ivanov IV, Santos HM, Capelo-Martinez JL, Cuerva C, Oliveira E, Traven VF, Lodeiro C. Exploring Coumarin-Based Boron Emissive Complexes as Temperature Thermometers in Polymer-Supported Materials. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 23:1689. [PMID: 36772728 PMCID: PMC9921380 DOI: 10.3390/s23031689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Three coumarin-based boron complexes (L1, L2 and L3) were designed and successfully incorporated into polymeric matrixes for evaluation as temperature probes. The photophysical properties of the complexes were carried out in different solvents and in the solid state. In solution, compound L1 exhibited the highest fluorescence quantum yield, 33%, with a positive solvatochromism also being observed on the absorption and emission when the polarity of the solvent increased. Additionally in the presence of anions, L1 showed a colour change from yellow to pink, followed by a quenching in the emission intensity, which is due to deprotonation with the formation of a quinone base. Absorption and fluorescence spectra of L1 were calculated at different temperatures by the DFT/B3LYP method. The decrease in fluorescence of compound L1 with an increase in temperature seems to be due to the presence of pronounced torsional vibrations of the donor and acceptor fragments relative to the single bond with C(carbonyl)-C (styrene fragment). L1, L2 and L3, through their incorporation into the polymeric matrixes, became highly emissive by aggregation. These dye@doped polymers were evaluated as temperature sensors, showing an excellent fluorescent response and reversibility after 15 cycles of heating and cooling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gonçalo Pedro
- BIOSCOPE Research Group, LAQV-REQUIMTE, Chemistry Department, NOVA School of Science and Technology, FCT NOVA, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Frederico Duarte
- BIOSCOPE Research Group, LAQV-REQUIMTE, Chemistry Department, NOVA School of Science and Technology, FCT NOVA, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Dmitrii A. Cheptsov
- D. Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology of Russia, Miusskaya sq., 9125047 Moscow, Russia
| | - Nikita Yu. Volodin
- D. Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology of Russia, Miusskaya sq., 9125047 Moscow, Russia
| | - Ivan V. Ivanov
- D. Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology of Russia, Miusskaya sq., 9125047 Moscow, Russia
| | - Hugo M. Santos
- BIOSCOPE Research Group, LAQV-REQUIMTE, Chemistry Department, NOVA School of Science and Technology, FCT NOVA, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
- PROTEOMASS Scientific Society Caparica Campus, Rua dos Inventores, Madam Parque, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Jose Luis Capelo-Martinez
- BIOSCOPE Research Group, LAQV-REQUIMTE, Chemistry Department, NOVA School of Science and Technology, FCT NOVA, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
- PROTEOMASS Scientific Society Caparica Campus, Rua dos Inventores, Madam Parque, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Cristián Cuerva
- MatMoPol Research Group, Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Sciences, Complutense University of Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Elisabete Oliveira
- BIOSCOPE Research Group, LAQV-REQUIMTE, Chemistry Department, NOVA School of Science and Technology, FCT NOVA, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
- PROTEOMASS Scientific Society Caparica Campus, Rua dos Inventores, Madam Parque, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Valerii F. Traven
- D. Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology of Russia, Miusskaya sq., 9125047 Moscow, Russia
| | - Carlos Lodeiro
- BIOSCOPE Research Group, LAQV-REQUIMTE, Chemistry Department, NOVA School of Science and Technology, FCT NOVA, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
- PROTEOMASS Scientific Society Caparica Campus, Rua dos Inventores, Madam Parque, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
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2
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Protasenko NA, Baranov EV, Yakushev IA, Bogomyakov AS, Cherkasov VK. Cobalt(III) Bis-o-semiquinone Complexes with p-Tolyl-Substituted Formazan Ligands: Synthesis, Structure, and Magnetic Properties. RUSS J COORD CHEM+ 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070328422700129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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3
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Protasenko NA, Arsenyev MV, Baranov EV, Starikova AA, Bogomyakov AS, Cherkasov VK. Heteroligand o‐Semiquinonato Cobalt Complexes of 3‐Cyano and 3‐Nitroformazans. Eur J Inorg Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202200152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Alexeevna Protasenko
- Institut metalloorganičeskoj himii imeni G A Razuvaeva Rossijskoj akademii nauk: FGBUN Institut metalloorganiceskoj himii im G A Razuvaeva Rossijskoj akademii nauk Laboratory of metal complexes with redox-active ligands Tropinina, 49 603137 Nizhny Novgorod RUSSIAN FEDERATION
| | - Maxim V Arsenyev
- Institut metalloorganičeskoj himii imeni G A Razuvaeva Rossijskoj akademii nauk: FGBUN Institut metalloorganiceskoj himii im G A Razuvaeva Rossijskoj akademii nauk Photopolymerization and pollymeric materialc laboratory RUSSIAN FEDERATION
| | - Evgeny V Baranov
- Institut metalloorganičeskoj himii imeni G A Razuvaeva Rossijskoj akademii nauk: FGBUN Institut metalloorganiceskoj himii im G A Razuvaeva Rossijskoj akademii nauk X-ray Diffraction Research Sector RUSSIAN FEDERATION
| | - Alyona A Starikova
- Southern Federal University: Uznyj federal'nyj universitet Institute of Physical and Organic Chemistry 194/2 Stachka Avenue 344090 Rostov-on-Don RUSSIAN FEDERATION
| | - Artem S Bogomyakov
- International Tomography Center SB RAS: Mezdunarodnyj tomograficeskij centr SO RAN Laboratory Organic Paramagnetics and Magnetochemistry Institutskaya Street 3a 630090 Novosibirsk RUSSIAN FEDERATION
| | - Vladimir K Cherkasov
- Institut metalloorganičeskoj himii imeni G A Razuvaeva Rossijskoj akademii nauk: FGBUN Institut metalloorganiceskoj himii im G A Razuvaeva Rossijskoj akademii nauk Laboratory of metal complexes with redox-active ligands Tropinina Street 49 603137 Nizhny Novgorod RUSSIAN FEDERATION
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4
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5
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Wang X, Wang G, Li J, Li X, Zhang K. A simple and straightforward polymer post-modification method for wearable difluoroboron β-diketonate luminescent sensors. POLYMER 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2021.124449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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6
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Tikhonov SA, Sidorin AE, Samoilov IS, Borisenko AV, Vovna VI. Photoelectron spectra and electronic structure of boron diacetate formazanates. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2020; 238:118441. [PMID: 32403076 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2020.118441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2020] [Revised: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The electronic structure and cationic states of two 1,5-diphenylformazanes and two boron diacetate (B(OAc)2) formazanates were modeled using the outer valence Green's function (OVGF) and density functional theory (DFT) methods. Comparison of data of the OVGF and ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy (UPS) methods made it possible to determine an effect of functional groups and complexing agents on energies of cationic states. Addition of NO2-group at the γ-position of the chelate cycle causes stabilization of levels the five upper occupied molecular orbitals (MO) and destabilization of the bonding orbital π3Ph + π3 level. The levels of MOs π3Ph-π3 and n- are stabilized due to influence of the complexing agent B(OAc)2, with a difference in the shift of 0.67 eV. The ionization energies (In) changes for the π-orbitals of benzene rings are within the error of the OVGF method. Under methylation of phenyl groups, the differences between the calculated In, corresponding to the π-orbitals of aromatic substituents, are in good agreement with the experimental In shifts at transition from benzene to toluene. According to the OVGF method, in all the studied complexes the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) is localized mainly on the chelate cycle and has a strong acceptor character, which should contribute the low-lying charge-transfer electronic excitations. Moreover, an application of the DFT analog of the Koopmans' theorem with the BHHLYP and B2PLYP functionals made it possible to determine qualitatively a sequence of cationic states and energy intervals between them in the spectral range up to 10 eV. The DFT/wB97x/cc-pVTZ method data on the energy gap between the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) and LUMO levels correlate with the OVGF/cc-pVTZ calculation results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergey A Tikhonov
- Far Eastern Federal University, School of Natural Sciences, Vladivostok 690950, Russian Federation.
| | - Andrey E Sidorin
- Far Eastern Federal University, School of Natural Sciences, Vladivostok 690950, Russian Federation
| | - Ilya S Samoilov
- Saint Petersburg State University, Department of Photonics, St. Petersburg 199034, Russian Federation
| | - Aleksandr V Borisenko
- Vladivostok Branch of Russian Customs Academy, Vladivostok 690034, Russian Federation
| | - Vitaliy I Vovna
- Far Eastern Federal University, School of Natural Sciences, Vladivostok 690950, Russian Federation
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7
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Vidal F, McQuade J, Lalancette R, Jäkle F. ROMP-Boranes as Moisture-Tolerant and Recyclable Lewis Acid Organocatalysts. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:14427-14431. [PMID: 32787237 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c05454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Although widely used in catalysis, the multistep syntheses and high loadings typically employed are limiting broader implementation of highly active tailor-made arylborane Lewis acids and Lewis pairs. Attempts at developing recyclable systems have thus far met with limited success, as general and versatile platforms are yet to be developed. We demonstrate a novel approach that is based on the excellent control and functional group tolerance of ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP). The ROMP of highly Lewis acidic borane-functionalized phenylnorbornenes afforded both a soluble linear copolymer and a cross-linked organogel. The polymers proved highly efficient as recyclable catalysts in the reductive N-alkylation of arylamines under mild conditions and at exceptionally low catalyst loadings. The modular design presented herein can be readily adapted to other finely tuned triarylboranes, enabling wide applications of ROMP-borane polymers as well-defined supported organocatalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Vidal
- Department of Chemistry, Rutgers University-Newark, 73 Warren Street, Newark, New Jersey 07102, United States
| | - James McQuade
- Department of Chemistry, Rutgers University-Newark, 73 Warren Street, Newark, New Jersey 07102, United States
| | - Roger Lalancette
- Department of Chemistry, Rutgers University-Newark, 73 Warren Street, Newark, New Jersey 07102, United States
| | - Frieder Jäkle
- Department of Chemistry, Rutgers University-Newark, 73 Warren Street, Newark, New Jersey 07102, United States
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8
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Mondol R, Otten E. Cation effects on dynamics of ligand-benzylated formazanate boron and aluminium complexes. Dalton Trans 2020; 49:9094-9098. [PMID: 32573637 DOI: 10.1039/d0dt01918f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The dynamic processes present in ligand-benzylated formazanate boron and aluminium complexes are investigated using variable temperature NMR experiments and lineshape analyses. The observed difference in activation parameters for complexes containing either organic countercations (NBu4+) or alkali cations is rationalized on the basis of a different degree of ion-pairing in the ground state, and the data are in all cases consistent with a mechanism that involves pyramidal inversion at the nitrogens in the heterocyclic ring rather than homolytic N-C(benzyl) bond cleavage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranajit Mondol
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands.
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9
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Gilroy JB, Otten E. Formazanate coordination compounds: synthesis, reactivity, and applications. Chem Soc Rev 2020; 49:85-113. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cs00676a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Inorganic complexes of an emerging class of chelating N-donor ligands, formazanates, offer a unique combination of structurally tunable coordination modes, redox activity, and optoelectronic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joe B. Gilroy
- Department of Chemistry and The Centre for Advanced Materials and Biomaterials Research (CAMBR), The University of Western Ontario
- London
- Canada
| | - Edwin Otten
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry
- University of Groningen
- 9747 AG Groningen
- The Netherlands
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10
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Chumsaeng P, Haesuwannakij S, Virachotikul A, Phomphrai K. Random copolymerization of
l
‐lactide and ε‐caprolactone by aluminum alkoxide complexes supported by N
2
O
2
bis(phenolate)‐amine ligands. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.29425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Phongnarin Chumsaeng
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of ScienceMahidol University Ratchathewi, Bangkok 10400 Thailand
| | - Setsiri Haesuwannakij
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Molecular Science and EngineeringVidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology (VISTEC) Wang Chan, Rayong 21210 Thailand
| | - Arnut Virachotikul
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Molecular Science and EngineeringVidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology (VISTEC) Wang Chan, Rayong 21210 Thailand
| | - Khamphee Phomphrai
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Molecular Science and EngineeringVidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology (VISTEC) Wang Chan, Rayong 21210 Thailand
- Research Network of NANOTEC‐VISTEC on Nanotechnology for EnergyVidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology Wang Chan, Rayong 21210 Thailand
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11
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The chemical and electrochemical reduction of heteroligand o-semiquinonato-formazanato cobalt complexes. Inorganica Chim Acta 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2019.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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12
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Mondol R, Otten E. Structure and bonding in reduced boron and aluminium complexes with formazanate ligands. Dalton Trans 2019; 48:13981-13988. [DOI: 10.1039/c9dt02831e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A comparison of structure and bonding in reduced formazanate B/Al complexes and their ligand-benzylated products is described. The kinetics of homolytic N–C(benzyl) bond cleavage in the latter compounds is studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranajit Mondol
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry
- University of Groningen
- 9747 AG Groningen
- The Netherlands
| | - Edwin Otten
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry
- University of Groningen
- 9747 AG Groningen
- The Netherlands
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13
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Van Belois A, Maar RR, Workentin MS, Gilroy JB. Dialkynylborane Complexes of Formazanate Ligands: Synthesis, Electronic Properties, and Reactivity. Inorg Chem 2018; 58:834-843. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b02966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alex Van Belois
- Department of Chemistry and the Centre for Advanced Materials and Biomaterials Research (CAMBR), The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario N6A 5B7, Canada
| | - Ryan R. Maar
- Department of Chemistry and the Centre for Advanced Materials and Biomaterials Research (CAMBR), The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario N6A 5B7, Canada
| | - Mark S. Workentin
- Department of Chemistry and the Centre for Advanced Materials and Biomaterials Research (CAMBR), The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario N6A 5B7, Canada
| | - Joe B. Gilroy
- Department of Chemistry and the Centre for Advanced Materials and Biomaterials Research (CAMBR), The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario N6A 5B7, Canada
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14
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Herndon JW. The chemistry of the carbon-transition metal double and triple bond: Annual survey covering the year 2017. Coord Chem Rev 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2018.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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15
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Cassidy SJ, Brettell-Adams I, McNamara LE, Smith MF, Bautista M, Cao H, Vasiliu M, Gerlach DL, Qu F, Hammer NI, Dixon DA, Rupar PA. Boranes with Ultra-High Stokes Shift Fluorescence. Organometallics 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.8b00460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- S. Joel Cassidy
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487, United States
| | - Ian Brettell-Adams
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487, United States
| | - Louis E. McNamara
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Mississippi, Oxford, Mississippi 38677, United States
| | - Mallory F. Smith
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487, United States
| | - Michael Bautista
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487, United States
| | - Hongda Cao
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487, United States
| | - Monica Vasiliu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487, United States
| | - Deidra L. Gerlach
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487, United States
| | - Fengrui Qu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487, United States
| | - Nathan I. Hammer
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Mississippi, Oxford, Mississippi 38677, United States
| | - David A. Dixon
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487, United States
| | - Paul A. Rupar
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487, United States
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16
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Mondol R, Otten E. Reactivity of Two-Electron-Reduced Boron Formazanate Compounds with Electrophiles: Facile N-H/N-C Bond Homolysis Due to the Formation of Stable Ligand Radicals. Inorg Chem 2018; 57:9720-9727. [PMID: 29446931 PMCID: PMC6106049 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b00079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
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The reactivity of
a boron complex with a redox-active formazanate ligand, LBPh2 [L = PhNNC(p-tol)NNPh], was studied. Two-electron
reduction of this main-group complex generates the stable, nucleophilic
dianion [LBPh2]2–, which reacts with
the electrophiles BnBr and H2O to form products that derive
from ligand benzylation and protonation, respectively. The resulting
complexes are anionic boron analogues of leucoverdazyls. N–C
and N–H bond homolysis of these compounds was studied by exchange
NMR spectroscopy and kinetic experiments. The weak N–C and
N–H bonds in these systems derive from the stability of the
resulting borataverdazyl radical, in which the unpaired electron is
delocalized over the four N atoms in the ligand backbone. We thus
demonstrate the ability of this system to take up two electrons and
an electrophile (E+ = Bn+, H+) in
a process that takes place on the organic ligand. In addition, we
show that the [2e–/E+] stored on the
ligand can be converted to E• radicals, reactivity
that has implications in energy storage applications such as hydrogen
evolution. A boron complex with a redox-active
formazanate ligand in its two-electron-reduced state is shown to react
with electrophiles (BnBr and H+). The resulting “borataleucoverdazyl”
products have weak N−C and N−H bonds; homolytic cleavage
reactions lead to stable ligand-based radicals. Thus, the accumulation
of [2e−/E+] on the formazanate ligand
and conversion to E• radicals are demonstrated,
and their potential relevance in energy-related electrocatalysis (e.g.,
proton reduction) is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranajit Mondol
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry , University of Groningen , Nijenborgh 4 , 9747 AG Groningen , The Netherlands
| | - Edwin Otten
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry , University of Groningen , Nijenborgh 4 , 9747 AG Groningen , The Netherlands
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17
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Li H, Sun C, Li R, Fu Y, Song L, Yang A, Liu H. Preparation and characterization of silica aerogel/polymethyl methacrylate composites with electrostatic interaction phase interface. JOURNAL OF POLYMER ENGINEERING 2018. [DOI: 10.1515/polyeng-2017-0402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Silica aerogel (SA)/polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) composites were prepared through electrostatic interaction, which could form phase interface. The effects of electrostatic interaction phase interface on the performance of the composites were studied. The SA/polymer hybrid composites were prepared because of the negative charges in SA and the positive charges in polymer. Characterizations of the SA, polymer, and composites were performed using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, transmittance, gel permeation chromatography, differential scanning calorimetry, zeta potential, and so on. The results indicated that SA has negative charges, whereas the polymer has positive charges; thus, the polymer was absorbed on the surface of the SA skeleton to form an electrostatic interaction phase interface. The composites achieved better transmittance than that of SA/PMMA with the electrostatic interaction phase interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyan Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering , Tianjin Chengjian University , Tianjin 300384 , P. R. China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Soft Soil Characteristics and Engineering Environment , Tianjin 300384 , P. R. China
| | - Cong Sun
- School of Materials Science and Engineering , Tianjin Chengjian University , Tianjin 300384 , P. R. China
| | - Ruyi Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering , Tianjin Chengjian University , Tianjin 300384 , P. R. China
| | - Yongqiang Fu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering , Tianjin Chengjian University , Tianjin 300384 , P. R. China
| | - Limeng Song
- School of Materials Science and Engineering , Tianjin Chengjian University , Tianjin 300384 , P. R. China
| | - Aiwu Yang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Soft Soil Characteristics and Engineering Environment , Tianjin 300384 , P. R. China
- School of Civil Engineering , Tianjin Chengjian University , Tianjin 300384 , P. R. China
| | - Hongli Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering , Tianjin Chengjian University , Tianjin 300384 , P. R. China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Soft Soil Characteristics and Engineering Environment , Tianjin 300384 , P. R. China
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18
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Lik A, Jenthra S, Fritze L, Müller L, Truong KN, Helten H. From Monodisperse Thienyl- and Furylborane Oligomers to Polymers: Modulating the Optical Properties through the Hetarene Ratio. Chemistry 2018. [PMID: 29543358 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201706124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The application of our newly developed B-C coupling method by catalytic Si/B exchange is demonstrated for the synthesis of a series of triarylboranes (1), monodisperse thienyl- and furylborane dimers (2) and trimers (9), extended oligomers (3) and polymers (3'), as well as mixed (oligo)thienyl-/furylboranes. The structures of 1 aaTip , 1 bbTip , and 2 bbbMes* , determined by X-ray crystallography, reveal largely coplanar hetarene rings and BR3 environments, which are most pronounced in the furylborane species. Photophysical investigations, supported by TD-DFT calculations, revealed pronounced π-electron delocalization over the hetarene backbones including the boron centers. With an extended series of derivatives of varying chain lengths available, we were able to determine the effective conjugation lengths (ECL) of poly(thienylborane)s and poly(furylborane)s, which have been reached with the highest-molecular-weight derivatives of our study. Through variation of the furan-to-thiophene ratio, the photophysical properties of these materials are effectively modulated. Significantly, higher furan contents lead to considerably increased fluorescence intensities. Compounds 1 aaTip , 1 bbTip , and 3 aTip showed the ability to bind fluoride anions. The binding process is signaled by a distinct change in their optical absorption characteristics, thus rendering these materials attractive targets for sensory applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Artur Lik
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52056, Aachen, Germany
| | - Sangeth Jenthra
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52056, Aachen, Germany
| | - Lars Fritze
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52056, Aachen, Germany
| | - Lars Müller
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52056, Aachen, Germany
| | - Khai-Nghi Truong
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52056, Aachen, Germany
| | - Holger Helten
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52056, Aachen, Germany
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