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Luo Y, Guo Y, Shou X, Chen Z, Xu Z, Tang D. Investigate the Relationship between Structure and Triplet Potential Energy Surface to Control the Phosphorescence Quantum Yield of Platinum(II) Complex: A Theoretical Investigation. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:9162-9172. [PMID: 35666779 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c00749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Triplet potential energy surfaces are extremely important for phosphors because they are closely related to radiative and nonradiative decay processes. In this article, the correlations between the strctures and the triplet potential energy surfaces for Pt(II) complexes are investigated in detail with the help of density functional theory (DFT). The calculated results indicate that triplet hypersurface minima with different configurations, i.e., planar and bent, rely on the geometries of the platinum(II) complex. A bent configuration could cause an obvious decrease in the phosphorescence quantum yield, and an unusual low-lying triplet excited-state decay route is proposed. In addition, the extension of π-conjugation and addition of suitable substituents, for example arylboron, are promising strategies for changing the triplet hypersurface to achieve the minimum with a planar configuration, leading to a high phosphorescence quantum yield. Moreover, to predict the triplet hypersurface, a useful and simple strategy has been put forward. In our study, the relationship between the structure and the lowest-lying triplet potential energy surface of a Pt(II) complex is constructed, which is significant and meaningful for controlling the phosphorescence quantum yield to design high-performance phosphorescent materials used in the field of organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yafei Luo
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Targeted and Innovative Therapeutics, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Kinase Modulators as Innovative Medicine, Chongqing Collaborative Innovation Center of Targeted and Innovative Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy (International Academy of Targeted Therapeutics and Innovation), Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences, Chongqing 402160, P. R. China
| | - Yu Guo
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Targeted and Innovative Therapeutics, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Kinase Modulators as Innovative Medicine, Chongqing Collaborative Innovation Center of Targeted and Innovative Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy (International Academy of Targeted Therapeutics and Innovation), Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences, Chongqing 402160, P. R. China
| | - Xuecen Shou
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Targeted and Innovative Therapeutics, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Kinase Modulators as Innovative Medicine, Chongqing Collaborative Innovation Center of Targeted and Innovative Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy (International Academy of Targeted Therapeutics and Innovation), Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences, Chongqing 402160, P. R. China
| | - Zhongzhu Chen
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Targeted and Innovative Therapeutics, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Kinase Modulators as Innovative Medicine, Chongqing Collaborative Innovation Center of Targeted and Innovative Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy (International Academy of Targeted Therapeutics and Innovation), Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences, Chongqing 402160, P. R. China
| | - Zhigang Xu
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Targeted and Innovative Therapeutics, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Kinase Modulators as Innovative Medicine, Chongqing Collaborative Innovation Center of Targeted and Innovative Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy (International Academy of Targeted Therapeutics and Innovation), Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences, Chongqing 402160, P. R. China
| | - Dianyong Tang
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Targeted and Innovative Therapeutics, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Kinase Modulators as Innovative Medicine, Chongqing Collaborative Innovation Center of Targeted and Innovative Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy (International Academy of Targeted Therapeutics and Innovation), Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences, Chongqing 402160, P. R. China
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2
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Cheng HB, Zhang S, Bai E, Cao X, Wang J, Qi J, Liu J, Zhao J, Zhang L, Yoon J. Future-Oriented Advanced Diarylethene Photoswitches: From Molecular Design to Spontaneous Assembly Systems. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2108289. [PMID: 34866257 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202108289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2021] [Revised: 11/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Diarylethene (DAE) photoswitch is a new and promising family of photochromic molecules and has shown superior performance as a smart trigger in stimulus-responsive materials. During the past few decades, the DAE family has achieved a leap from simple molecules to functional molecules and developed toward validity as a universal switching building block. In recent years, the introduction of DAE into an assembly system has been an attractive strategy that enables the photochromic behavior of the building blocks to be manifested at the level of the entire system, beyond the DAE unit itself. This assembly-based strategy will bring many unexpected results that promote the design and manufacture of a new generation of advanced materials. Here, recent advances in the design and fabrication of diarylethene as a trigger in materials science, chemistry, and biomedicine are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Bo Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 15 North Third Ring Road, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Shuchun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 15 North Third Ring Road, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Enying Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 15 North Third Ring Road, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoqiao Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 15 North Third Ring Road, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Jiaqi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 15 North Third Ring Road, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Ji Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 15 North Third Ring Road, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Jun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 15 North Third Ring Road, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Jing Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 15 North Third Ring Road, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Liqun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 15 North Third Ring Road, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Juyoung Yoon
- Department of Chemistry and Nanoscience, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, 03760, Korea
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3
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Jiao M, Zhang B, Wang Z, Chen B. Design of new visible light Pt photocatalyst based on the TDDFT study of properties of transition metal complexes. Appl Organomet Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.6637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mingyang Jiao
- School of Chemical Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing PR China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio‐based Materials, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Qingdao Shandong China
- Shandong Energy Institute Qingdao Shandong China
| | - Beibei Zhang
- School of Chemical Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing PR China
| | - Zichen Wang
- School of Chemical Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing PR China
| | - Bo‐Zhen Chen
- School of Chemical Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing PR China
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4
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Martin CR, Park KC, Leith GA, Yu J, Mathur A, Wilson GR, Gange GB, Barth EL, Ly RT, Manley OM, Forrester KL, Karakalos SG, Smith MD, Makris TM, Vannucci AK, Peryshkov DV, Shustova NB. Stimuli-Modulated Metal Oxidation States in Photochromic MOFs. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:4457-4468. [PMID: 35138840 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c11984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Tuning metal oxidation states in metal-organic framework (MOF) nodes by switching between two discrete linker photoisomers via an external stimulus was probed for the first time. On the examples of three novel photochromic copper-based frameworks, we demonstrated the capability of switching between +2 and +1 oxidation states, on demand. In addition to crystallographic methods used for material characterization, the role of the photochromic moieties for tuning the oxidation state was probed via conductivity measurements, cyclic voltammetry, and electron paramagnetic resonance, X-ray photoelectron, and diffuse reflectance spectroscopies. We confirmed the reversible photoswitching activity including photoisomerization rate determination of spiropyran- and diarylethene-containing linkers in extended frameworks, resulting in changes in metal oxidation states as a function of alternating excitation wavelengths. To elucidate the switching process between two states, the photoisomerization quantum yield of photochromic MOFs was determined for the first time. Overall, the introduced noninvasive concept of metal oxidation state modulation on the examples of stimuli-responsive MOFs foreshadows a new pathway for alternation of material properties toward targeted applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corey R Martin
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, 631 Sumter Street, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, United States
| | - Kyoung Chul Park
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, 631 Sumter Street, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, United States
| | - Gabrielle A Leith
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, 631 Sumter Street, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, United States
| | - Jierui Yu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, 631 Sumter Street, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, United States
| | - Abhijai Mathur
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, 631 Sumter Street, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, United States
| | - Gina R Wilson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, 631 Sumter Street, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, United States
| | - Gayathri B Gange
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, 631 Sumter Street, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, United States
| | - Emily L Barth
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, P.O. Box 208107, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
| | - Richard T Ly
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, 631 Sumter Street, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, United States
| | - Olivia M Manley
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, 2620 Yarbrough Drive, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
| | - Kelly L Forrester
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, 631 Sumter Street, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, United States
| | - Stavros G Karakalos
- College of Engineering and Computing, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, United States
| | - Mark D Smith
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, 631 Sumter Street, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, United States
| | - Thomas M Makris
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, 2620 Yarbrough Drive, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
| | - Aaron K Vannucci
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, 631 Sumter Street, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, United States
| | - Dmitry V Peryshkov
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, 631 Sumter Street, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, United States
| | - Natalia B Shustova
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, 631 Sumter Street, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, United States
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5
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Wang SP, Li Y, Zhang ZX, Zhang Y, Wang Y, Kong SM, Li HC, Jian W, Bai FQ, Zhang HX. Computational Studies on the Materials Combining Graphene Quantum Dots and Pt Complexes with Adjustable Luminescence Characteristics. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:1480-1490. [PMID: 33427451 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c02772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Graphene materials with particular properties are proved to be beneficial to photoelectric devices, but there are rare reports on a positive effect by graphene on emissive layer materials of organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) previously. On the basis of the latest important experiments, an OLED device with the aid of graphene quantum dots shows the dawn of their application for luminescent materials. The luminescence performance has been improved, but the understanding of the internal excited-state radiation mechanism of the material needs further study. In this work, the Pt(II)-coordinated graphene quantum dot coplanar structures with different shapes are studied theoretically in detail, and the results present the improvement in phosphorescence under the promoted radiative decay and suppressed nonradiative decay. This composite combines the advantages of transition metal complexes and graphene quantum dots and also exhibits excellent properties in the light absorption region and carrier transportation for the OLED. This comprehensive theoretical calculation research can provide a comprehensive basis of the material design in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Ping Wang
- Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry and College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130023, China
| | - Yuan Li
- Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry and College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130023, China
| | - Zhi-Xiang Zhang
- Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry and College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130023, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry and College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130023, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry and College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130023, China
| | - Si-Min Kong
- Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry and College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130023, China
| | - Hui-Cong Li
- Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry and College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130023, China
| | - Wei Jian
- Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry and College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130023, China
| | - Fu-Quan Bai
- Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry and College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130023, China.,Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Hong-Xing Zhang
- Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry and College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130023, China
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Shoaib M, ur-Rehman S, Bibi S, Ullah I, Jamil S, Iqbal J, Alam A, Saeed U, Bai FQ. Theoretical Investigation of Perylene Diimide derivatives as Acceptors to Match with Benzodithiophene based Donors for Organic Photovoltaic Devices. Z PHYS CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1515/zpch-2019-1451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Optoelectronic properties of PDI derivatives (PDI-1–PDI-28) have been studied by inserting functional groups (–CN, –NO2 and –SO2) at different positions, by using DFT and TD-DFT functional at CAM-B3LYP/6-31 (d) level of theory. Absorption spectra of investigated PDI derivatives cover whole UV-Visible region which indicate that studied molecules could be used efficiently for photovoltaics. The R*(λmax – λmin) value of PDI derivatives is red shifted due to CN substitution while it resulted in slightly blue shift due to NO2 substitution. In addition, reorganization energy (λ) values found to be lowered by all substituents but more efficiently by SO2 and CN substituents. Molecular electrostatic potential surfaces and chemical reactivity indices have also been calculated to verify results. Furthermore, investigated acceptor molecules have been matched with suitable donors (based on benzo [2.1-b:3.4-b′] dithiophene derivatives D1–D5) to verify their practical efficiency. The calculated open circuit voltage (Voc) of investigated PDI derivatives is fairly high with donors D1 (0.95–1.34) and D2 (0.54–0.92). This study can be beneficial in future investigations of donor-acceptor materials for organic photovoltaic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Shoaib
- Department of Chemistry , University of Agriculture , Faisalabad , Pakistan
| | - Shafiq ur-Rehman
- Department of Chemistry , University of Agriculture , Faisalabad , Pakistan
| | - Shamsa Bibi
- Department of Chemistry , University of Agriculture , Faisalabad , Pakistan
| | - Inam Ullah
- Department of Chemistry , University of Okara , Okara , Pakistan
| | - Saba Jamil
- Department of Chemistry , University of Agriculture , Faisalabad , Pakistan
| | - Javed Iqbal
- Department of Chemistry , University of Agriculture , Faisalabad , Pakistan
| | - Asma Alam
- Department of Chemistry , University of Agriculture , Faisalabad , Pakistan
| | - Ushna Saeed
- Department of Chemistry , University of Agriculture , Faisalabad , Pakistan
| | - Fu Quan Bai
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry , Jilin University , ChangChun 130024 , P.R. China
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Waqas A, Bibi S, Rehman S, Afzal S, Yaseen M, Shoaib M, Saeed U, Da Ming W. Substitutional effect of different bridging groups on optical and charge transfer properties of small bipolar molecules for OLEDs. J PHYS ORG CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/poc.4000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Waqas
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Agriculture Faisalabad Faisalabad Pakistan
| | - Shamsa Bibi
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Agriculture Faisalabad Faisalabad Pakistan
| | - Shafiq‐ur Rehman
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Agriculture Faisalabad Faisalabad Pakistan
| | - Sufian Afzal
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Agriculture Faisalabad Faisalabad Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Yaseen
- Department of PhysicsUniversity of Agriculture Faisalabad Faisalabad Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Shoaib
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Agriculture Faisalabad Faisalabad Pakistan
| | - Ushna Saeed
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Agriculture Faisalabad Faisalabad Pakistan
| | - Wang Da Ming
- Alan G MacDiarmid Institute, College of ChemistryJilin University Changchun China
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Li Y, Fan XW, Chen J, Bai FQ, Zhang HX. Theoretical study on the excited state decay properties of iron(ii) polypyridine complexes substituted by bromine and chlorine. RSC Adv 2019; 9:31621-31627. [PMID: 35527963 PMCID: PMC9072724 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra06366h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Transition metal iron(ii) polypyridyl complexes with quintet ground states were deeply investigated by density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT). Compared with the parent complex [Fe(tpy)2]2+ (tpy = 2,2′:6′,2′′-terpyridine), the ground states of the complexes substituted by halogen atoms changed from singlet states to quintet states with rare high spin excited state lifetimes. The substituted complex [Fe(dbtpy)2]2+ (1) results in a high spin metal–ligand charge transfer lifetime of 17.4 ps, which is 1.4 ps longer than that of [Fe(dctpy)2]2+ (2) with the substitution of chlorine atoms. The reason for this is explored by a combination of electronic structures, absorption spectra, extended transition state coupled with natural orbitals for chemical valence (ETS-NOCV) studies and potential energy curves (PECs). The distortion of 1 in the angles and dihedrals of the ligands is slightly larger than that in 2, although the average metal–ligand bond lengths of the latter are larger. The twisted octahedron decreases the interactions between the d orbitals of iron(ii) and the n/π orbitals of the ligands. Compared with 2, the enlarged energy gaps among the different PECs of 1 and the increased energy crossing points caused by the larger distortion result in the increase of its excited state lifetime. The different pairwise orbital interaction contributions between the metal center and the ligands in their singlet states are qualitatively estimated by ETS-NOCV. The results show that the substitution of bromine atoms will decrease the electrostatic attraction between the metal and ligands but not significantly impact the orbital interactions. Transition metal iron(ii) halogen substituted polypyridyl complexes with quintet ground states were deeply investigated by density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT).![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Li
- International Joint Research Laboratory of Nano-Micro Architecture Chemistry
- Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130023
| | - Xue-Wen Fan
- International Joint Research Laboratory of Nano-Micro Architecture Chemistry
- Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130023
| | - Jie Chen
- International Joint Research Laboratory of Nano-Micro Architecture Chemistry
- Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130023
| | - Fu-Quan Bai
- International Joint Research Laboratory of Nano-Micro Architecture Chemistry
- Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130023
| | - Hong-Xing Zhang
- International Joint Research Laboratory of Nano-Micro Architecture Chemistry
- Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130023
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Gao W, Li H, Pu S. A highly selective fluorescent probe for Cu2+ based on a diarylethene with a benzo[1,2,5]oxadiazol-4-ylamine Schiff base unit. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2018.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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