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Zheng B, Fan J, Chen B, Qin X, Wang J, Wang F, Deng R, Liu X. Rare-Earth Doping in Nanostructured Inorganic Materials. Chem Rev 2022; 122:5519-5603. [PMID: 34989556 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 155] [Impact Index Per Article: 77.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Impurity doping is a promising method to impart new properties to various materials. Due to their unique optical, magnetic, and electrical properties, rare-earth ions have been extensively explored as active dopants in inorganic crystal lattices since the 18th century. Rare-earth doping can alter the crystallographic phase, morphology, and size, leading to tunable optical responses of doped nanomaterials. Moreover, rare-earth doping can control the ultimate electronic and catalytic performance of doped nanomaterials in a tunable and scalable manner, enabling significant improvements in energy harvesting and conversion. A better understanding of the critical role of rare-earth doping is a prerequisite for the development of an extensive repertoire of functional nanomaterials for practical applications. In this review, we highlight recent advances in rare-earth doping in inorganic nanomaterials and the associated applications in many fields. This review covers the key criteria for rare-earth doping, including basic electronic structures, lattice environments, and doping strategies, as well as fundamental design principles that enhance the electrical, optical, catalytic, and magnetic properties of the material. We also discuss future research directions and challenges in controlling rare-earth doping for new applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingzhu Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, Institute for Composites Science Innovation, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Jingyue Fan
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543, Singapore
| | - Bing Chen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Xian Qin
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543, Singapore
| | - Juan Wang
- Institute of Environmental Health, MOE Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental & Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Feng Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Renren Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, Institute for Composites Science Innovation, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Xiaogang Liu
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543, Singapore
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Kim SH, Yeon SM, Kim JH, Park SJ, Lee JE, Park SH, Choi JP, Aranas C, Son Y. Fine Microstructured In-Sn-Bi Solder for Adhesion on a Flexible PET Substrate: Its Effect on Superplasticity and Toughness. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:17090-17099. [PMID: 31021602 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b04159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
A novel In-Sn-Bi solder with a low electrical resistivity of 14.3 × 10-6 Ω cm and a melting temperature of 99.3 °C was produced for use in adhesive joining on a flexible poly(ethylene terephthalate) substrate. We determined that the fine microstructure of the In-based solder (which had an average phase size of 62.2 nm) strongly influenced its superplasticity and toughness at diffusive temperatures of 55-85 °C because the late-forming BiIn intermetallic compound (IMC) suppressed the growth of two other IMCs, In3Sn and In0.2Sn0.8, which formed earlier in the soldering process. Thus, an elongation of 858.3% and toughness of 36.0 MPa were obtained at a temperature of 85 °C and a strain rate of 0.0020 s-1. However, due to phase boundary fracturing, the phase-refined solder exhibited a slightly more brittle nature (with an elongation of 74.3%) at room temperature compared with a standard In-Sn solder consisting only of the In3Sn and In0.2Sn0.8 IMCs, which had a slightly larger phase size of 84.9 nm and higher ductility (with an elongation of 80.7%). In terms of superplastic deformation, the conventional fracture system based on the Hall-Petch effect transformed into phase boundary sliding at the solder operating temperature, significantly enhancing ductility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang Hoon Kim
- Digital Manufacturing Process Group , Korea Institute of Industrial Technology , 113-58 Seohaean-ro , Siheung-si , Gyeonggi-do 15014 , Republic of Korea
| | - Si-Mo Yeon
- Digital Manufacturing Process Group , Korea Institute of Industrial Technology , 113-58 Seohaean-ro , Siheung-si , Gyeonggi-do 15014 , Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Hak Kim
- Digital Manufacturing Process Group , Korea Institute of Industrial Technology , 113-58 Seohaean-ro , Siheung-si , Gyeonggi-do 15014 , Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Je Park
- Digital Manufacturing Process Group , Korea Institute of Industrial Technology , 113-58 Seohaean-ro , Siheung-si , Gyeonggi-do 15014 , Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Eun Lee
- Digital Manufacturing Process Group , Korea Institute of Industrial Technology , 113-58 Seohaean-ro , Siheung-si , Gyeonggi-do 15014 , Republic of Korea
| | - Suk-Hee Park
- Digital Manufacturing Process Group , Korea Institute of Industrial Technology , 113-58 Seohaean-ro , Siheung-si , Gyeonggi-do 15014 , Republic of Korea
| | - Joon-Phil Choi
- Department of Mining and Materials Engineering , McGill University , 3610 University Street , Montreal , Quebec H3A 0C5 , Canada
| | - Clodualdo Aranas
- Mechanical Engineering , University of New Brunswick , 15 Dineen Drive , Fredericton , New Brunswick E3B 5A3 , Canada
| | - Yong Son
- Digital Manufacturing Process Group , Korea Institute of Industrial Technology , 113-58 Seohaean-ro , Siheung-si , Gyeonggi-do 15014 , Republic of Korea
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de Resende Filho JBM, Falcão NKSM, Pires GP, de Vasconcelos LFS, Pinheiro SM, dos Santos Filho JM, Frazão Barbosa MI, Doriguetto AC, Teotonio EES, Vale JA. Lanthanide–EDTA complexes covalently bonded on Fe 3O 4@SiO 2 magnetic nanoparticles promote the green, stereoselective synthesis of N-acylhydrazones. NEW J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9nj02916h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Highly efficient stereoselective synthesis of E–N-acylhydrazones using magnetic nanoparticles-Ln3+ as heterogeneous catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Gilvan P. Pires
- Departamento de Química
- Universidade Federal da Paraíba
- 58051-970 João Pessoa-PB
- Brazil
| | | | - Sávio M. Pinheiro
- Departamento de Química
- Universidade Federal da Paraíba
- 58051-970 João Pessoa-PB
- Brazil
| | - José Maurício dos Santos Filho
- Laboratório de Planejamento e Síntese Aplicados à Química Medicinal – SintMed®
- Universidade Federal de Pernambuco
- Recife
- Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Juliana A. Vale
- Departamento de Química
- Universidade Federal da Paraíba
- 58051-970 João Pessoa-PB
- Brazil
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Lee HB, Kim YW, Kim SH, Park SH, Choi JP, Aranas C. A Modular Solder System with Hierarchical Morphology and Backward Compatibility. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2018; 14:e1801349. [PMID: 30019844 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201801349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2018] [Revised: 05/28/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
A modular solder system with hierarchical morphology and micro/nanofeatures in which solder nanoparticles are distributed on the surface of template micropowders is reported. A core-shell structure of subsidiary nanostructures, which improved the intended properties of the modular solder is also presented. In addition, polymer additives can be used not only as an adhesive (like epoxy resin) but also to impart other functions. By combining all of these, it is determined that the modular solder system is able to increase reflowability on a heat-sensitive plastic substrate, oxidation resistance, and electrical conductivity. In this respect, the system could be readily modified by changing the structure and composition of each constituent and adopting backward compatibility with which the knowledge and information attained from a previously designed solder can offer feedback toward further improving the properties of a newly designed one. In practice, In-Sn-Bi nanoparticles engineered on the surface of Sn-Zn micropowders result in pronounced reflowing on a flexible Au-coated polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrate even at the low temperature of 110 °C. Depending on their respective concentrations, the incorporation of CuO@CeO2 nanostructures and poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) polymers increases oxidation resistance and electrical conductivity of the modular solder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Bit Lee
- Digital Manufacturing Process Group, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology, 113-58 Seohaean-ro, Siheung-si, Gyeonggi-do, 15014, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Won Kim
- Digital Manufacturing Process Group, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology, 113-58 Seohaean-ro, Siheung-si, Gyeonggi-do, 15014, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Hoon Kim
- Digital Manufacturing Process Group, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology, 113-58 Seohaean-ro, Siheung-si, Gyeonggi-do, 15014, Republic of Korea
| | - Suk Hee Park
- Digital Manufacturing Process Group, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology, 113-58 Seohaean-ro, Siheung-si, Gyeonggi-do, 15014, Republic of Korea
| | - Joon-Phil Choi
- Department of Mining and Materials Engineering, McGill University, 3610 University Street, Montreal, Quebec, H3A 0C5, Canada
| | - Clodualdo Aranas
- CanmetMATERIALS, Natural Resources Canada, 183 Longwood Road South, Hamilton, Ontario, L8P 0A5, Canada
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Kim SH, Shin GH, Kim BK, Kim KT, Yang DY, Aranas C, Choi JP, Yu JH. Thermo-mechanical improvement of Inconel 718 using ex situ boron nitride-reinforced composites processed by laser powder bed fusion. Sci Rep 2017; 7:14359. [PMID: 29085008 PMCID: PMC5662723 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-14713-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2017] [Accepted: 09/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Hexagonal boron nitride-reinforced Inconel 718 (h-BN/IN718) composites were fabricated using a laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) technique to treat a nanosheet-micropowder precursor mixture prepared in a mechanical blending process. Tailoring the BN in IN718 enhanced the thermal resistance of the composites, thereby dampening the sharpness of the melting temperature peak at 1364 °C. This is because the presence of the BN reinforcement, which has a low coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE), resulted in a heat-blocking effect within the matrix. Following this lead, we found that the BN (2.29 g/cm3) was uniformly distributed and strongly embedded in the IN718 (8.12 g/cm3), with the lowest alloy density value (7.03 g/cm3) being obtained after the addition of 12 vol% BN. Consequently, its specific hardness and compressive strength rose to 41.7 Hv0.5·cm3/g and 92.4 MPa·cm3/g, respectively, compared to the unreinforced IN718 alloy with 38.7 Hv0.5·cm3/g and 89.4 MPa·cm3/g, respectively. Most importantly, we discovered that the wear resistance of the composite improved compared to the unreinforced IN718, indicated by a decrease in the coefficient of friction (COF) from 0.43 to 0.31 at 2400 s. This is because the BN has an exfoliated surface and intrinsically high sliding and lubricating characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang Hoon Kim
- Powder Technology Department, Korea Institute of Materials Science, Changwon, 51508, Republic of Korea
| | - Gi-Hun Shin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Ulsan, Ulsan, 44610, Republic of Korea
| | - Byoung-Kee Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Ulsan, Ulsan, 44610, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Tae Kim
- Powder Technology Department, Korea Institute of Materials Science, Changwon, 51508, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Yeol Yang
- Powder Technology Department, Korea Institute of Materials Science, Changwon, 51508, Republic of Korea
| | - Clodualdo Aranas
- Department of Mining and Materials Engineering, McGill University, 3610 University Street, Montreal, QC, H3A 0C5, Canada
| | - Joon-Phil Choi
- Department of Mining and Materials Engineering, McGill University, 3610 University Street, Montreal, QC, H3A 0C5, Canada.
| | - Ji-Hun Yu
- Powder Technology Department, Korea Institute of Materials Science, Changwon, 51508, Republic of Korea.
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Improved electrical and thermo-mechanical properties of a MWCNT/In-Sn-Bi composite solder reflowing on a flexible PET substrate. Sci Rep 2017; 7:13756. [PMID: 29062137 PMCID: PMC5653769 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-14263-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2017] [Accepted: 10/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT)/indium–tin–bismuth (In–Sn–Bi) composite nanostructures in which In–Sn–Bi nanoparticles have been penetrated by the MWCNT arrays were synthesized using a chemical reduction method. The incorporation of 0.6 wt% MWCNTs with high electrical conductivity into the In-based solder resulted in low minimum electrical resistivity (19.9 ± 1.0 µΩ·cm). Despite being reflowed at the relatively low temperature of 110 °C, the composite solder nanostructures were able to form mechanically stable solder bumps on a flexible polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrate due to the MWCNT arrays with a high thermal conductivity of 3000 W/(m·K) and In–Sn–Bi nanoparticles with a low melting temperature of 98.2 °C. Notably, the composite solder bumps exhibited high flexibility (17.7% resistance increase over 1000 cycles of operation in a bending test) and strong adhesion strength (0.9 N average shear strength in a scratch test) on the plastic substrate because of the presence of mechanically flexible and strong MWCNTs dispersed within the solder matrix materials. These overall properties are due to the improved diffusivity of the composite solder nanostructures by the cover of the In–Sn–Bi nanoparticles along the MWCNT arrays and the network structure formation of the composite solder bumps.
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