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Skok A, Vishnikin A, Bazel Y, Toth J. Determination of Rhodamine 6G with direct immersion single-drop microextraction combined with an optical probe. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0309121. [PMID: 39159159 PMCID: PMC11332950 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0309121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2024] [Accepted: 08/04/2024] [Indexed: 08/21/2024] Open
Abstract
The combination of an optical probe and single-drop direct immersion microextraction (DI-SDME-OP) was used for the preconcentration and subsequent spectrophotometric determination of rhodamine 6G (Rh6G). The developed method is based on the formation of an ionic associate between Rh6G and picric acid at pH 3.0 and its extraction with amyl acetate. A microdrop of the organic phase was stably placed in the hole of an optical probe immersed in the sample solution. The absorbance of the extraction phase was monitored at 534 nm. The proposed method combines in a single step several stages of the analytical procedure, such as pre-concentration, phase separation, transfer of the extraction phase to the instrument and online measurement. The sensitivity of the proposed approach is not inferior to existing microextraction methods involving the combination of liquid-phase or solid-phase extraction with spectrophotometry or HPLC with a UV-Vis detector. The evaluation of the greenness of the developed method carried out by the AGREE method (0.58 points) showed that it outperforms other similar existing techniques using this parameter. The calibration plot for the determination of Rh6G by the DI-SDME-OP method was linear over the range of 10-500 nM with a correlation coefficient of 0.9956. The limit of detection was 3.4 nM. The accuracy and applicability of the method were evaluated by the determination of Rh6G in natural waters and lipstick.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arina Skok
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Oles Honchar Dnipro National University, Dnipro, Ukraine
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Košice, Slovak Republic
| | - Andriy Vishnikin
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Oles Honchar Dnipro National University, Dnipro, Ukraine
| | - Yaroslav Bazel
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Košice, Slovak Republic
| | - Ján Toth
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Košice, Slovak Republic
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Skok A, Bazel Y, Vishnikin A, Toth J. Direct immersion single-drop microextraction combined with fluorescence detection using an optical probe. Application for highly sensitive determination of rhodamine 6G. Talanta 2024; 269:125511. [PMID: 38056415 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2023.125511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
The use of an optical probe for fluorescence detection combined with direct immersion single-drop microextraction has been demonstrated as an innovative approach. The optical probe served both as a drop holder for extractant and as a measuring device which made it possible to eliminate the use of cuvettes. A laser and a light emitting diode (LED) were tested as possible light sources. Both of them showed comparable results. However, given the much smaller half-band width of the laser radiation, its use has proven to be preferable since background correction can be eliminated. Direct immersion single-drop microextraction of an ionic association complex of rhodamine 6G with picric acid with subsequent fluorescent detection (λex was 532 nm and 525 nm for laser and LED, respectively; λem was 560 nm for both laser and LED) was used a model system to evaluate the new approach. The extractant phase was a 55 μL amyl acetate microdrop fixed in the optical part of the probe. LOD, LOQ and linear calibration range were found as 0.14, 0.48 and 0.5-10 nmol L-1, and 0.15, 0.50 and 0.5-5 nmol L-1 for laser and LED light sources, respectively. The accuracy of the method was assessed by analyzing real water samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arina Skok
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Moyzesova 11, 040 01, Košice, Slovak Republic.
| | - Yaroslav Bazel
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Moyzesova 11, 040 01, Košice, Slovak Republic.
| | - Andriy Vishnikin
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Moyzesova 11, 040 01, Košice, Slovak Republic; Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Oles Honchar Dnipro National University, Gagarin Av. 72, 49010, Dnipro, Ukraine
| | - Ján Toth
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Moyzesova 11, 040 01, Košice, Slovak Republic; Department of Technical Disciplines in Health Care, Faculty of Health Care, University of Prešov, Prešov, Slovak Republic
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Kannouma RE, Hammad MA, Kamal AH, Mansour FR. Miniaturization of Liquid-Liquid extraction; the barriers and the enablers. Microchem J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2022.107863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Skok A, Vishnikin A, Bazel Y. A new approach for sulfite determination by headspace liquid-phase microextraction with an optical probe. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2022; 14:3299-3306. [PMID: 35968635 DOI: 10.1039/d2ay00943a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
A new approach of headspace liquid-phase microextraction with an optical probe (HS-LPME-OP), which solves the problem of the extraction phase retention in the hole of the optical probe and provides the possibility of simpler, more precise and reliable online processing of the analytical signal, was used for sulfite determination. A 1 × 10-4 M 5,5'-dithiobis-(2-nitrobenzoic) acid (DTNB) solution was used as an acceptor phase. It was placed in a plastic vial fixed in the headspace above the analyte solution. An optical probe immersed in the acceptor phase was used to monitor the analytical signal. Sulfite determination is based on the release of sulfur dioxide from the sample after the addition of ortho-phosphoric acid, followed by its extraction with an aqueous solution of DTNB at pH 7.0. The absorbance was measured at 412 nm. The calibration graph was linear in the range from 32 to 320 μg L-1 with a detection limit of 14 μg L-1. The developed method is sensitive, highly selective and reproducible. It was successfully applied for the sulfite determination in juice, alcoholic beverages and jam.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arina Skok
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Pavol Jozef Šafárik in Košice, Moyzesova 11, 040 01, Košice, Slovak Republic.
| | - Andriy Vishnikin
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Oles Honchar Dnipro National University, Gagarin Avenue 72, 49010, Dnipro, Ukraine
| | - Yaroslav Bazel
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Pavol Jozef Šafárik in Košice, Moyzesova 11, 040 01, Košice, Slovak Republic.
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Skok A, Vishnikin A, Bazel Y. Online determination of sulfide using an optical immersion probe combined with headspace liquid-phase microextraction. RSC Adv 2022; 12:17675-17681. [PMID: 35765321 PMCID: PMC9200051 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra01010k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A new design for headspace liquid phase microextraction in combination with an optical immersion probe (HS-LPME-OIP) was proposed and successfully tested for the determination of sulfide in wine and water samples. The developed method is based on the release of hydrogen sulfide from the aqueous phase after the addition of orthophosphoric acid and its extraction with an aqueous solution of 5,5′-dithiobis-(2-nitrobenzoic) acid (DTNB). The analytical signal was recorded using an optical probe immersed in a vial containing 200 μL of 0.1 mM DTNB solution. Using the optical immersion probe in combination with HS-LPME allowed to register the analytical signal online and significantly improve the reproducibility of sulfide determination compared to known microextraction approaches. In the proposed approach, the problems with drop stability, limitations in mixing rate or extraction time, too small volume of the acceptor phase and stability of the holding the acceptor phase in the hole of the optical probe were also satisfactorily solved. The calibration graph was linear in the range of 16–256 μg L−1 with a correlation coefficient of 0.9992. The limit of detection was 6 μg L−1. A new design for headspace liquid phase microextraction combined with an optical probe.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Arina Skok
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Pavol Jozef Šafárik in Košice Moyzesova 11 040 01 Košice Slovak Republic
| | - Andriy Vishnikin
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Oles Honchar Dnipro National University Gagarin Av. 72 49010 Dnipro Ukraine
| | - Yaroslav Bazel
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Pavol Jozef Šafárik in Košice Moyzesova 11 040 01 Košice Slovak Republic
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Hedjazi M, Vishnikin AB, Okovytyy SI, Miekh YV, Bazel YR. Use of dye aggregation phenomenon for spectrophotometric and SIA-LAV determination of bismuth(III) as a specific ion association complex between tetraiodobismuthate and Astra Phloxine. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2021.132015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Skok A, Bazel Y, Vishnikin A. New analytical methods for the determination of sulfur species with microextraction techniques: a review. J Sulphur Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/17415993.2022.2045294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Arina Skok
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Košice, Slovak Republic
| | - Yaroslav Bazel
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Košice, Slovak Republic
| | - Andriy Vishnikin
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Oles Honchar National University, Dnipro, Ukraine
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Tamen AE, Vishnikin A. In-vessel headspace liquid-phase microextraction. Anal Chim Acta 2021; 1172:338670. [PMID: 34119018 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2021.338670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2021] [Revised: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
A new mode of headspace liquid-phase microextraction termed in-vessel headspace liquid-phase microextraction (IV-HS-LPME) has been developed. A plastic vessel was used as a holder for an extraction phase. Problems with drop stability, limitations in the stirring speed, and too little volume of the acceptor phase have been completely eliminated. The proposed approach is fully compatible with ordinary instruments and microcuvettes used in spectrophotometry. The potential of the method was evaluated by determining the iodide concentration in various samples. Iodide in the donor phase was converted to volatile I2 by oxidation with 1 mmol L-1 K2Cr2O7. The reaction mixture was agitated on a magnetic stirrer for 30 min at a stirring speed of 1200 rpm. A 1% (w/v) aqueous solution of KI was used as the acceptor phase. The absorbance of the I3- ion formed in the acceptor phase was measured in a 50 μL microcuvette at 350 nm. For the case of extraction from 10 mL donor solution into 50 μL of acceptor phase, the calibration graph is linear in the range of 20-400 μg L-1 (as I-) with a detection limit of 6 μg L-1. The developed method has a high precision comparable to conventional spectrophotometric methods (0.6-1.5%). The extraction efficiency obtained in the optimal conditions was 10.5%. The distribution constants for equilibria between the donor solution and the headspace and between the headspace and the acceptor solution are 0.8 ± 0.1 and 16 ± 2, respectively. The developed method was successfully applied to determine the iodine content in natural waters, medicines and algae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aimad-Eddine Tamen
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Oles Honchar Dnipro National University, 72 Gagarin Avenue, Dnipro, 49010, Ukraine
| | - Andriy Vishnikin
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Oles Honchar Dnipro National University, 72 Gagarin Avenue, Dnipro, 49010, Ukraine.
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You JB, Lohse D, Zhang X. Surface nanodroplet-based nanoextraction from sub-milliliter volumes of dense suspensions. LAB ON A CHIP 2021; 21:2574-2585. [PMID: 34008650 DOI: 10.1039/d1lc00139f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
A greener analytical technique for quantifying compounds in dense suspensions is needed for wastewater and environmental analysis, chemical or bio-conversion process monitoring, biomedical diagnostics, and food quality control, among others. In this work, we introduce a green, fast, one-step method called nanoextraction for extraction and detection of target analytes from sub-milliliter dense suspensions using surface nanodroplets without toxic solvents and pre-removal of the solid contents. With nanoextraction, we achieve a limit of detection (LOD) of 10-9 M for a fluorescent model analyte obtained from a particle suspension sample. The LOD is lower than that in water without particles (10-8 M), potentially due to the interaction of particles and the analyte. The high particle concentration in the suspension sample, thus, does not reduce the extraction efficiency, although the extraction process was slowed down up to 5 min. As a proof of principle, we demonstrate the nanoextraction for the quantification of model compounds in wastewater slurry containing 30 wt% solids and oily components (i.e. heavy oils). The nanoextraction and detection technology developed in this work may be used in fast analytical technologies for complex slurry samples in the environment, industrial waste, or in biomedical diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Bem You
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alberta, Alberta T6G 1H9, Canada. and Physics of Fluids Group, Max Planck Center Twente for Complex Fluid Dynamics, JM Burgers Center for Fluid Dynamics, Mesa+, Department of Science and Technology, University of Twente, Enschede 7522 NB, The Netherlands
| | - Detlef Lohse
- Physics of Fluids Group, Max Planck Center Twente for Complex Fluid Dynamics, JM Burgers Center for Fluid Dynamics, Mesa+, Department of Science and Technology, University of Twente, Enschede 7522 NB, The Netherlands
| | - Xuehua Zhang
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alberta, Alberta T6G 1H9, Canada. and Physics of Fluids Group, Max Planck Center Twente for Complex Fluid Dynamics, JM Burgers Center for Fluid Dynamics, Mesa+, Department of Science and Technology, University of Twente, Enschede 7522 NB, The Netherlands
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Tóth J, Bazeľ Y, Balogh I. A fully automated system with an optical immersion probe (OIP) for high-precision spectrophotometric measurements. Talanta 2021; 226:122185. [PMID: 33676716 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2021.122185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Revised: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A new and fully automated system with the interconnection of an Optical Immersion Probe (OIP) - pH meter - peristaltic pump was used to study the spectral and protolytic properties of carbocyanine the dyes 1,1',3,3,3',3'-hexamethylindocarbocyanine chloride (HIC); 1,1',3,3,3',3'-hexamethylindodicarbocyanine iodide (HIDC); and 3,3'-diethyloxadicarbocyanine iodide (DODC). This system can measure a large number of experimental points in a short time period. The effect of 32 various organic solvents on the UV-ViS spectra of the dyes was studied. The solvatochromic behaviour of studied dyes was characterized by positive solvatochromism for HIDC and negative solvatochromism for HIC and DODC. Through the application of a large number of experimental points, the protonation and hydrolysis constants of dyes were determined with high precision, where the confidence interval of the рK values is ±(0.001-0.005), compared with a confidence interval of ±(0.04-0.10) for standard procedures. The fully automated system presented is accurate, fast, environmentally friendly and promising for multiple analytical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Tóth
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Pavol Jozef Šafárik in Košice, Moyzesova 11, 040 01, Košice, Slovak Republic.
| | - Y Bazeľ
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Pavol Jozef Šafárik in Košice, Moyzesova 11, 040 01, Košice, Slovak Republic
| | - I Balogh
- Department of Chemistry, College of Nyíregyháza, HU-4400, Nyíregyháza, Hungary
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Delove Tegladza I, Qi T, Chen T, Alorku K, Tang S, Shen W, Kong D, Yuan A, Liu J, Lee HK. Direct immersion single-drop microextraction of semi-volatile organic compounds in environmental samples: A review. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 393:122403. [PMID: 32126428 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.122403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2019] [Revised: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Single-drop microextraction (SDME) techniques are efficient approaches to pretreatment of aqueous samples. The main advantage of SDME lies in the miniaturization of the solvent extraction process, minimizing the hazards associated with the use of toxic organic solvents. Thus, SDME techniques are cost-effective, and represent less harm to the environment, subscribing to green analytical chemistry principles. In practice, two main approaches can be used to perform SDME - direct immersion (DI)-SDME and headspace (HS)-SDME. Even though the DI-SDME has been shown to be quite effective for extraction and enrichment of various organic compounds, applications of DI-SDME are normally more suitable for moderately polar and non-polar semi-volatile organic compounds (SVOCs) using organic solvents which are immiscible with water. In this review, we present a historical overview and current advances in DI-SDME, including the common analytical tools which are usually coupled with DI-SDME. The review also focuses on applications concerning SVOCs in environmental samples. Currents trends in DI-SDME and possible future direction of the procedure are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isaac Delove Tegladza
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, 212003, Jiangsu Province, PR China
| | - Tong Qi
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, 212003, Jiangsu Province, PR China
| | - Tianyu Chen
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, 212003, Jiangsu Province, PR China
| | - Kingdom Alorku
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, 212003, Jiangsu Province, PR China
| | - Sheng Tang
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, 212003, Jiangsu Province, PR China.
| | - Wei Shen
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, 212003, Jiangsu Province, PR China.
| | - Dezhao Kong
- School of Grain Science and Technology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, 212003, Jiangsu Province, PR China
| | - Aihua Yuan
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, 212003, Jiangsu Province, PR China
| | - Jianfeng Liu
- Shanghai Waigaoqiao Shipbuilding Co., Ltd, Shanghai, 200137, PR China
| | - Hian Kee Lee
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore, 117543, Singapore.
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Tóth J, Bazeľ Y. Development of a New Kinetic Spectrophotometric Method for the Determination of Chromium with an Optical Probe. APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY 2019; 73:492-502. [PMID: 30350718 DOI: 10.1177/0003702818812401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this work is the development, optimization, and validation of a new spectrophotometric kinetic method for the determination of dissolved chromium species in water samples with the use of the polymethine dye Astra Phloxine FF. The progress of the chemical reaction was simple, effective, and precisely monitored from the start of the reaction using an optical probe. The method is based on the impact of Cr(VI) concentration on the rate of decrease in the Astra Phloxine FF concentration. The experimental data were evaluated using four experimental data analysis methods, namely with the initial rate method, the average rate method, the fixed time method, and the absorption peak volume change method. Under the optimal reaction conditions, the best results were achieved using the method of the average rate constant for evaluating the experimental data. Using this data evaluation method for the determination of Cr(VI), the LoD was found to be 1.87 µg L-1 and RSD ( n = 6; 0.2 mg L-1 Cr) 3.59%. The presented work was used for the determination of chromium in model samples-CRM material and tap and waste water-and with the calibration line method and the standard additions method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ján Tóth
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Pavol Jozef Šafárik in Košice, Košice, Slovak Republic
| | - Yaroslav Bazeľ
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Pavol Jozef Šafárik in Košice, Košice, Slovak Republic
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Abstract
Saliva, as the first body fluid encountering with the exogenous materials, has good correlation with blood and plays an important role in bioanalysis. However, saliva has not been studied as much as the other biological fluids mainly due to restricted access to its large volumes. In recent years, there is a growing interest for saliva analysis owing to the emergence of miniaturized sample preparation methods. The purpose of this paper is to review all microextraction methods and their principles of operation. In the following, we examine the methods used to analyze saliva up to now and discuss the potential of the other microextraction methods for saliva analysis to encourage research groups for more focus on this important subject area.
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Diuzheva A, Šandrejová J, Balogh J. Study of complexation of aluminium with cinnamoyl derivative in the presence of fluoride ions using an optical probe: automated determination of fluoride. CHEMICAL PAPERS 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s11696-018-0570-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Tang S, Qi T, Ansah PD, Nalouzebi Fouemina JC, Shen W, Basheer C, Lee HK. Single-drop microextraction. Trends Analyt Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2018.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Use of sequential injection analysis with lab-at-valve and an optical probe for simultaneous spectrophotometric determination of ascorbic acid and cysteine by mean centering of ratio kinetic profiles. Talanta 2018; 188:99-106. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2018.05.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2017] [Revised: 04/17/2018] [Accepted: 05/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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