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Esfandiari N, Aliofkhazraei M. Advances in the determination of trace amounts of iron cations through electrochemical methods: A comprehensive review of principles and their limits of detection. Talanta 2024; 277:126365. [PMID: 38964047 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2024.126365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Revised: 05/31/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
Quantification of trace amounts of iron is of great importance in various fields. In the industrial sector, it is crucial to monitor the release of iron out of corrosion, pickling treatment, and steel manufacturing to address potential environmental and economic challenges. In biological systems, despite its indispensability, it is essential to maintain iron concentration below a specific threshold. Electrochemical (EC) methods provide significant analytical capabilities due to their simplicity, ease of use, and cost-effectiveness. This review focuses on the fundamental principles of EC methods for iron detection, including potentiometry, amperometry, coulometry, voltammetry, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). It further explains the process of obtaining calibration curves, and subsequently, determining the concentration of unknown ions. Additionally, technical notes are presented on selecting the initial signal value, reducing the duration of tests, excluding non-faradaic signals, and extending the linear region with the lowest detection limit. These notes are supported by key findings from relevant case studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naeemeh Esfandiari
- Department of Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Tarbiat Modares University, P.O. Box: 14115-143, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahmood Aliofkhazraei
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, 33620, USA.
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2
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Zhang H, Yang DN, Zhu ZJ, Yang FQ. In situ synthesis of silver nanocomposites on paper substrate for the pre-concentration and determination of iron(III) ions. Microchem J 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2023.108475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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3
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Namjan M, Kaewwonglom N, Dechakiatkrai Theerakarunwong C, Jakmunee J, Khongpet W. An Environmentally Friendly Compact Microfluidic Hydrodynamic Sequential Injection System Using Curcuma putii Maknoi & Jenjitt. Extract as a Natural Reagent for Colorimetric Determination of Total Iron in Water Samples. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL METHODS IN CHEMISTRY 2023; 2023:3400863. [PMID: 36687006 PMCID: PMC9859699 DOI: 10.1155/2023/3400863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The miniaturization of analytical systems and the utilization of nontoxic natural extract from plants play significant roles for green analytical chemistry methodology. In this work, the microfluidic hydrodynamic sequential injection (HSI) with the LED-phototransistor colorimetric detection system has been proposed to create an ecofriendly and low-cost miniaturized analytical system for online determination of iron in water samples using Curcuma putii Maknoi & Jenjitt. extracts as high stability and good selectivity of a natural reagent. The proposed method was designed for online solution mixing and colorimetric detection on a microfluidic platform. The Curcuma putii Maknoi & Jenjitt. extracts and standard/samples were sequentially aspirated to fill the channel before entering the built-in flow cell. The intensity of iron-Curcuma putii Maknoi & Jenjitt. extract complex was monitored under the optimum conditions of flow rate, sample volume, mixing zone length, and aspiration sequences, by altering the gain control of the colorimetric detector to achieve good sensitivity. The results demonstrated a good performance of the green analytical systems. A linear calibration graph in the range of 0.5-6.0 mg L-1 was obtained with a limit of detection at an adequate level of 0.11 mg L-1 for water samples with a sample throughput of 30 h-1. The precise and accurate measurement results were achieved with relative standard deviations in the range of 1.61-1.72%, and percent recoveries were found in the range of 90.6-113.4. The proposed method offers cost-effective, easy operation over an appropriate analysis time (2 min/injection) with good sensitivity and is environmentally friendly with low consumption of solutions and the use of high stability and good selectivity of nontoxic reagents. The achieved method was demonstrated to be a good choice for routine analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maneerat Namjan
- Program of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Nakhon Sawan Rajabhat University, Nakhon Sawan 60000, Thailand
| | - Natcha Kaewwonglom
- Laboratory for Analytical Instrumentation and Electrochemistry Innovation, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | | | - Jaroon Jakmunee
- Laboratory for Analytical Instrumentation and Electrochemistry Innovation, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Environmental Science Research Center,and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Wanpen Khongpet
- Program of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Nakhon Sawan Rajabhat University, Nakhon Sawan 60000, Thailand
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Jiang M, Xu S, Yu Y, Gao Y, Yin Z, Li J, Zhang X, Yu H, Chen B. Turn-on fluorescence ferrous ions detection based on MnO 2 nanosheets modified upconverion nanoparticles. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2022; 264:120275. [PMID: 34411769 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2021.120275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
A turn on upconversion fluorescence probe based on the combination of ~32 nm NaYF4: Yb/Tm nanoparticles and MnO2 nanosheets has been established for rapid, sensitive detection of Fe2+ ions levels in aqueous solutions and serum. X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), absorption and emission spectra have been used to characterize the crystal structure, morphology and optical properties of the samples. MnO2 nanosheets on the surface of UCNPs act as a fluorescence quencher, resulting in the quenching of the blue fluorescence (with excitation/emission maximum of 980/476 nm) via fluorescence resonance energy transfer from upconversion nanoparticles to MnO2 nanosheets. With the adding of Fe2+, upconversion fluorescence of the nanocomposites recovers due to the reduction of MnO2 to Mn2+. Because of the low background of the probe offered by upconversion fluorescence, this probe can be used for detecting Fe2+ in aqueous solutions in the range of 0.1-22 μM with detection limit of 0.113 μM. The developed method has also been applied to detect 10 μM Fe2+ ions in serum with recoveries ranging from 97.6 to 105.3% for the five serum samples. Significantly, the probe shows fast response and stable signal, which is beneficial for long-time dynamic sensing. Thus, the proposed strategy holds great potential for disease diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhan Jiang
- School of Science, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian, Liaoning 116026, People's Republic of China
| | - Sai Xu
- School of Science, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian, Liaoning 116026, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yang Yu
- School of Science, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian, Liaoning 116026, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuefeng Gao
- Marine Engineering College, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian, Liaoning 116026, People's Republic of China
| | - Ze Yin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, United States
| | - Jie Li
- School of Science, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian, Liaoning 116026, People's Republic of China
| | - Xizhen Zhang
- School of Science, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian, Liaoning 116026, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongquan Yu
- School of Science, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian, Liaoning 116026, People's Republic of China
| | - Baojiu Chen
- School of Science, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian, Liaoning 116026, People's Republic of China.
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Jedlińska K, Porada R, Strus M, Baś B. The bi-band bismuth microelectrode: Design, properties and application. Electrochem commun 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.elecom.2021.107189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
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Sayed A, Othman IM, Hamam M, Gomaa H, Gadallah MI, Mostfa M, Ali HRH, Emran MY, Abdel-Hakim M, Mahross M. A novel fluorescent sensor for fast and highly selective turn-off detection of Fe3+ in water and pharmaceutical samples using synthesized azopyrazole-benzenesulfonamide derivative. J Mol Struct 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2020.129175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Sadeghi S, Ebadi S. Sensitive Quantification of Fe(III) in Food Samples at Screen Printed Carbon Electrode Modified with Graphene and Piroxicam by Catalytic Adsorptive Voltammetry. ELECTROANAL 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.202060068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Susan Sadeghi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science University of Birjand Birjand South Khorasan Iran
| | - Samaneh Ebadi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science University of Birjand Birjand South Khorasan Iran
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Kopeć J, Wójcik S, Jakubowska M. Ultra‐sensitive Voltammetric Aluminum Determination on a Solid Bismuth Electrode for Water Filter Verification. ELECTROANAL 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.201900741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Justyna Kopeć
- AGH University of Science and Technology Faculty of Materials Science and Ceramics Mickiewicza 30 30-059 Kraków Poland
| | - Szymon Wójcik
- AGH University of Science and Technology Faculty of Materials Science and Ceramics Mickiewicza 30 30-059 Kraków Poland
| | - Małgorzata Jakubowska
- AGH University of Science and Technology Faculty of Materials Science and Ceramics Mickiewicza 30 30-059 Kraków Poland
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Smartphone coupled with paper-based chemical sensor for on-site determination of iron(III) in environmental and biological samples. Anal Bioanal Chem 2020; 412:1573-1583. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-019-02385-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2019] [Revised: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 12/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Lenninger M, Aguilo-Aguayo N, Bechtold T. Quantification of triethanolamine through measurement of catalytic current in alkaline iron-d-gluconate solution. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2018.10.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Mittal SK, Rana S, Kaur N, Banks CE. A voltammetric method for Fe(iii) in blood serum using a screen-printed electrode modified with a Schiff base ionophore. Analyst 2018; 143:2851-2861. [DOI: 10.1039/c8an00174j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A miniaturized disposable screen-printed electrode for the detection of Fe(iii) at the micro-molar level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susheel K. Mittal
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology
- Patiala 147004
- India
| | - Sonia Rana
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology
- Patiala 147004
- India
| | - Navneet Kaur
- Centre of Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
- Panjab University
- Chandigarh
- India
| | - Craig E. Banks
- School of Chemistry and the Environment
- Manchester Metropolitan University
- Manchester M1 5GD
- UK
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Grabarczyk M, Adamczyk M. Bismuth film electrode and chloranilic acid as a new alternative for simple, fast and sensitive Ge( iv) quantification by adsorptive stripping voltammetry. RSC Adv 2018; 8:15215-15221. [PMID: 35541364 PMCID: PMC9080125 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra01160e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2018] [Accepted: 03/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
An analytical procedure regarding the voltammetric determination of germanium(iv) by adsorptive stripping voltammetry (AdSV) exploiting the in situ plated bismuth film electrode (BiFE) is described. The use of mercury free electrode as a working electrode is the first time proposed in AdSV germanium determination. The method is based on adsorptive accumulation of the Ge(iv)–chloranilic acid complex at a BiFE by a nonelectrochemical process followed by the cathodic stripping step. Experimental variables, including bismuth and chloranilic acid concentrations, deposition potential and time were carefully optimized. Under optimized conditions the cathodic stripping peak current was directly proportional to the concentration of Ge(iv) in the range from 3 × 10−9 to 1.5 × 10−7 mol L−1 with the correlation coefficient 0.997. Because the AdSV technique could be invalidated due to real samples matrix the influence of foreign ions, surface active substances, and humic substances on the Ge(iv) signal was precisely examined. The satisfying minimization of potential matrix interferences was also suggested. Analytical results of natural water samples analysis showed that the proposed procedure of trace germanium(iv) determination is suitable for direct environmental water analysis. An analytical procedure regarding the voltammetric determination of germanium(iv) by adsorptive stripping voltammetry (AdSV) exploiting the in situ plated bismuth film electrode (BiFE) is described.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marzena Adamczyk
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Maria Curie-Sklodowska University
- 20-031 Lublin
- Poland
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Robak J, Węgiel K, Burnat B, Skrzypek S. A carbon ceramic electrode modified with bismuth oxide nanoparticles for determination of syringic acid by stripping voltammetry. Mikrochim Acta 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s00604-017-2504-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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