1
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Porter M, Davidson FA, MacPhee CE, Stanley-Wall NR. Systematic microscopical analysis reveals obligate synergy between extracellular matrix components during Bacillus subtilis colony biofilm development. Biofilm 2022; 4:100082. [PMID: 36148433 PMCID: PMC9486643 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioflm.2022.100082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Single-species bacterial colony biofilms often present recurring morphologies that are thought to be of benefit to the population of cells within and are known to be dependent on the self-produced extracellular matrix. However, much remains unknown in terms of the developmental process at the single cell level. Here, we design and implement systematic time-lapse imaging and quantitative analyses of the growth of Bacillus subtilis colony biofilms. We follow the development from the initial deposition of founding cells through to the formation of large-scale complex structures. Using the model biofilm strain NCIB 3610, we examine the movement dynamics of the growing biomass and compare them with those displayed by a suite of otherwise isogenic matrix-mutant strains. Correspondingly, we assess the impact of an incomplete matrix on biofilm morphologies and sessile growth rate. Our results indicate that radial expansion of colony biofilms results from the division of bacteria at the biofilm periphery rather than being driven by swelling due to fluid intake. Moreover, we show that lack of exopolysaccharide production has a negative impact on cell division rate, and the extracellular matrix components act synergistically to give the biomass the structural strength to produce aerial protrusions and agar substrate-deforming ability.
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2
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Deng Y, Wang SY. Sorption of Cellulases in Biofilm Enhances Cellulose Degradation by Bacillus subtilis. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10081505. [PMID: 35893563 PMCID: PMC9329931 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10081505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Biofilm commonly forms on the surfaces of cellulosic biomass but its roles in cellulose degradation remain largely unexplored. We used Bacillus subtilis to study possible mechanisms and the contributions of two major biofilm components, extracellular polysaccharides (EPS) and TasA protein, to submerged biofilm formation on cellulose and its degradation. We found that biofilm produced by B. subtilis is able to absorb exogenous cellulase added to the culture medium and also retain self-produced cellulase within the biofilm matrix. The bacteria that produced more biofilm degraded more cellulose compared to strains that produced less biofilm. Knockout strains that lacked both EPS and TasA formed a smaller amount of submerged biofilm on cellulose than the wild-type strain and also degraded less cellulose. Imaging of biofilm on cellulose suggests that bacteria, cellulose, and cellulases form cellulolytic biofilm complexes that facilitate synergistic cellulose degradation. This study brings additional insight into the important functions of biofilm in cellulose degradation and could potentiate the development of biofilm-based technology to enhance biomass degradation for biofuel production.
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3
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Probing the growth and mechanical properties of Bacillus subtilis biofilms through genetic mutation strategies. Synth Syst Biotechnol 2022; 7:965-971. [PMID: 35756965 PMCID: PMC9194759 DOI: 10.1016/j.synbio.2022.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2022] [Revised: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacterial communities form biofilms on various surfaces by synthesizing a cohesive and protective extracellular matrix, and these biofilms protect microorganisms against harsh environmental conditions. Bacillus subtilis is a widely used experimental species, and its biofilms are used as representative models of beneficial biofilms. Specifically, B. subtilis biofilms are known to be rich in extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) and other biopolymers such as DNA and proteins like the amyloid protein TasA and the hydrophobic protein BslA. These materials, which form an interconnected, cohesive, three-dimensional polymer network, provide the mechanical stability of biofilms and mediate their adherence to surfaces among other functional contributions. Here, we explored how genetically-encoded components specifically contribute to regulate the growth status, mechanical properties, and antibiotic resistance of B. subtilis biofilms, thereby establishing a solid empirical basis for understanding how various genetic engineering efforts are likely to affect the structure and function of biofilms. We noted discrete contributions to biofilm morphology, mechanical properties, and survival from major biofilm components such as EPS, TasA and BslA. For example, EPS plays an important role in maintaining the stability of the mechanical properties and the antibiotic resistance of biofilms, whereas BslA has a significant impact on the resolution that can be obtained for printing applications. This work provides a deeper understanding of the internal interactions of biofilm components through systematic genetic manipulations. It thus not only broadens the application prospects of beneficial biofilms, but also serves as the basis of future strategies for targeting and effectively removing harmful biofilms.
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4
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Asp ME, Ho Thanh MT, Germann DA, Carroll RJ, Franceski A, Welch RD, Gopinath A, Patteson AE. Spreading rates of bacterial colonies depend on substrate stiffness and permeability. PNAS NEXUS 2022; 1:pgac025. [PMID: 36712798 PMCID: PMC9802340 DOI: 10.1093/pnasnexus/pgac025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Revised: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The ability of bacteria to colonize and grow on different surfaces is an essential process for biofilm development. Here, we report the use of synthetic hydrogels with tunable stiffness and porosity to assess physical effects of the substrate on biofilm development. Using time-lapse microscopy to track the growth of expanding Serratia marcescens colonies, we find that biofilm colony growth can increase with increasing substrate stiffness, unlike what is found on traditional agar substrates. Using traction force microscopy-based techniques, we find that biofilms exert transient stresses correlated over length scales much larger than a single bacterium, and that the magnitude of these forces also increases with increasing substrate stiffness. Our results are consistent with a model of biofilm development in which the interplay between osmotic pressure arising from the biofilm and the poroelastic response of the underlying substrate controls biofilm growth and morphology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merrill E Asp
- Physics Department, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY 13244, USA,BioInspired Institute, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY 13244, USA
| | - Minh-Tri Ho Thanh
- Physics Department, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY 13244, USA,BioInspired Institute, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY 13244, USA
| | - Danielle A Germann
- Physics Department, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY 13244, USA,BioInspired Institute, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY 13244, USA
| | - Robert J Carroll
- Physics Department, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY 13244, USA,BioInspired Institute, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY 13244, USA
| | - Alana Franceski
- BioInspired Institute, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY 13244, USA,Biology Department, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY 13244, USA
| | - Roy D Welch
- BioInspired Institute, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY 13244, USA,Biology Department, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY 13244, USA
| | - Arvind Gopinath
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Merced, Merced, CA 95343, USA,Health Sciences Research Institute, University of California, Merced, Merced, CA 95343, USA
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5
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Hayta EN, Rickert CA, Lieleg O. Topography quantifications allow for identifying the contribution of parental strains to physical properties of co-cultured biofilms. Biofilm 2021; 3:100044. [PMID: 33665611 PMCID: PMC7902895 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioflm.2021.100044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Revised: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Most biofilm research has so far focused on investigating biofilms generated by single bacterial strains. However, such single-species biofilms are rare in nature where bacteria typically coexist with other microorganisms. Although, from a biological view, the possible interactions occurring between different bacteria are well studied, little is known about what determines the material properties of a multi-species biofilm. Here, we ask how the co-cultivation of two B. subtilis strains affects certain important biofilm properties such as surface topography and wetting behavior. We find that, even though each daughter colony typically resembles one of the parent colonies in terms of morphology and wetting, it nevertheless exhibits a significantly different surface topography. Yet, this difference is only detectable via a quantitative metrological analysis of the biofilm surface. Furthermore, we show that this difference is due to the presence of bacteria belonging to the 'other' parent strain, which does not dominate the biofilm features. The findings presented here may pinpoint new strategies for how biofilms with hybrid properties could be generated from two different bacterial strains. In such engineered biofilms, it might be possible to combine desired properties from two strains by co-cultivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elif N. Hayta
- Munich School of Bioengineering and Department of Mechanical Engineering, Technical University of Munich, 85748, Garching, Germany
- Center for Protein Assemblies (CPA), Technical University of Munich, Ernst-Otto-Fischer Straße 8, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - Carolin A. Rickert
- Munich School of Bioengineering and Department of Mechanical Engineering, Technical University of Munich, 85748, Garching, Germany
- Center for Protein Assemblies (CPA), Technical University of Munich, Ernst-Otto-Fischer Straße 8, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - Oliver Lieleg
- Munich School of Bioengineering and Department of Mechanical Engineering, Technical University of Munich, 85748, Garching, Germany
- Center for Protein Assemblies (CPA), Technical University of Munich, Ernst-Otto-Fischer Straße 8, 85748, Garching, Germany
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6
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Rickert CA, Hayta EN, Selle DM, Kouroudis I, Harth M, Gagliardi A, Lieleg O. Machine Learning Approach to Analyze the Surface Properties of Biological Materials. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2021; 7:4614-4625. [PMID: 34415142 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.1c00869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Similar to how CRISPR has revolutionized the field of molecular biology, machine learning may drastically boost research in the area of materials science. Machine learning is a fast-evolving method that allows for analyzing big data and unveiling correlations that otherwise would remain undiscovered. It may hold invaluable potential to engineer novel functional materials with desired properties, a field, which is currently limited by time-consuming trial and error approaches and our limited understanding of how different material properties depend on each other. Here, we apply machine learning algorithms to classify complex biological materials based on their microtopography. With this approach, the surfaces of different variants of biofilms and plant leaves can not only be distinguished but also correctly classified according to their wettability. Furthermore, an importance ranking provided by one of the algorithms allows us to identify those surface features that are critical for a successful sample classification. Our study exemplifies how machine learning can contribute to the analysis and categorization of complex surfaces, a tool, which can be highly useful for other areas of materials science, such as damage assessment as well as adhesion or friction studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolin A Rickert
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Munich School of Bioengineering, Technical University of Munich, Boltzmannstrasse 15, 85748, Garching b. München, Germany.,Center for Functional Protein Assemblies (CPA), Technical University of Munich, Ernst-Otto-Fischer Straße 8, 85748, Garching b. München, Germany
| | - Elif N Hayta
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Munich School of Bioengineering, Technical University of Munich, Boltzmannstrasse 15, 85748, Garching b. München, Germany.,Center for Functional Protein Assemblies (CPA), Technical University of Munich, Ernst-Otto-Fischer Straße 8, 85748, Garching b. München, Germany
| | - Daniel M Selle
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Munich School of Bioengineering, Technical University of Munich, Boltzmannstrasse 15, 85748, Garching b. München, Germany.,Center for Functional Protein Assemblies (CPA), Technical University of Munich, Ernst-Otto-Fischer Straße 8, 85748, Garching b. München, Germany
| | - Ioannis Kouroudis
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Technical University of Munich, Karlstrasse 45, 80333, München, Germany
| | - Milan Harth
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Technical University of Munich, Karlstrasse 45, 80333, München, Germany
| | - Alessio Gagliardi
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Technical University of Munich, Karlstrasse 45, 80333, München, Germany
| | - Oliver Lieleg
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Munich School of Bioengineering, Technical University of Munich, Boltzmannstrasse 15, 85748, Garching b. München, Germany.,Center for Functional Protein Assemblies (CPA), Technical University of Munich, Ernst-Otto-Fischer Straße 8, 85748, Garching b. München, Germany
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7
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Brauer M, Lassek C, Hinze C, Hoyer J, Becher D, Jahn D, Sievers S, Riedel K. What's a Biofilm?-How the Choice of the Biofilm Model Impacts the Protein Inventory of Clostridioides difficile. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:682111. [PMID: 34177868 PMCID: PMC8225356 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.682111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The anaerobic pathogen Clostridioides difficile is perfectly equipped to survive and persist inside the mammalian intestine. When facing unfavorable conditions C. difficile is able to form highly resistant endospores. Likewise, biofilms are currently discussed as form of persistence. Here a comprehensive proteomics approach was applied to investigate the molecular processes of C. difficile strain 630Δerm underlying biofilm formation. The comparison of the proteome from two different forms of biofilm-like growth, namely aggregate biofilms and colonies on agar plates, revealed major differences in the formation of cell surface proteins, as well as enzymes of its energy and stress metabolism. For instance, while the obtained data suggest that aggregate biofilm cells express both flagella, type IV pili and enzymes required for biosynthesis of cell-surface polysaccharides, the S-layer protein SlpA and most cell wall proteins (CWPs) encoded adjacent to SlpA were detected in significantly lower amounts in aggregate biofilm cells than in colony biofilms. Moreover, the obtained data suggested that aggregate biofilm cells are rather actively growing cells while colony biofilm cells most likely severely suffer from a lack of reductive equivalents what requires induction of the Wood-Ljungdahl pathway and C. difficile’s V-type ATPase to maintain cell homeostasis. In agreement with this, aggregate biofilm cells, in contrast to colony biofilm cells, neither induced toxin nor spore production. Finally, the data revealed that the sigma factor SigL/RpoN and its dependent regulators are noticeably induced in aggregate biofilms suggesting an important role of SigL/RpoN in aggregate biofilm formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madita Brauer
- Department for Microbial Physiology and Molecular Biology, Institute of Microbiology, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Christian Lassek
- Department for Microbial Physiology and Molecular Biology, Institute of Microbiology, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Christian Hinze
- Department for Microbial Physiology and Molecular Biology, Institute of Microbiology, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Juliane Hoyer
- Department for Microbial Proteomics, Institute of Microbiology, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Dörte Becher
- Department for Microbial Proteomics, Institute of Microbiology, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Dieter Jahn
- Braunschweig Integrated Centre of Systems Biology (BRICS), Institute of Microbiology, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Susanne Sievers
- Department for Microbial Physiology and Molecular Biology, Institute of Microbiology, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Katharina Riedel
- Department for Microbial Physiology and Molecular Biology, Institute of Microbiology, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
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8
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Sharipova MR, Mardanova AM, Rudakova NL, Pudova DS. Bistability and Formation of the Biofilm Matrix as Adaptive Mechanisms during the Stationary Phase of Bacillus subtilis. Microbiology (Reading) 2021. [DOI: 10.1134/s002626172006017x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
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9
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Song Y, Sun M, Feng L, Liang X, Song X, Mu G, Tuo Y, Jiang S, Qian F. Antibiofilm Activity of Lactobacillus plantarum 12 Exopolysaccharides against Shigella flexneri. Appl Environ Microbiol 2020; 86:e00694-20. [PMID: 32444475 PMCID: PMC7376565 DOI: 10.1128/aem.00694-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In developing countries, Shigella flexneri is the most common enteric pathogen causing bacillary dysentery. Biofilm formation by S. flexneri can cause the emergence of antibiotic-resistant strains, which poses serious threats to food safety and human health. In this study, the effects of Lactobacillus plantarum 12 exopolysaccharides (L-EPSs) and S. flexneri exopolysaccharides (S-EPSs) on S. flexneri CMCC51574 biofilm formation were investigated. The results showed that L-EPS could decrease polysaccharide production in the extracellular polymeric matrix of S. flexneri and inhibit biofilm formation by S. flexneri L-EPS could decrease the minimum biofilm elimination concentration (MBEC) of antibiotics against S. flexneri biofilm and inhibit S. flexneri adhesion to and invasion into HT-29 cell monolayers, which might be ascribed to S. flexneri biofilm disturbance by L-EPS. In contrast, S-EPS exhibited the opposite effects compared to L-EPS. The monosaccharide composition analysis showed that L-EPS was composed of mannose, glucuronic acid, galactosamine, glucose, galactose, and xylose, with the molar ratio of 32.26:0.99:1.79:5.63:0.05:4.07, while S-EPS was composed of mannose, glucuronic acid, galactosamine, glucose, and galactose, with the molar ratio of 25.43:2.28:7.13:5.35. L-EPS was separated into the neutral polysaccharide L-EPS 1-1 and the acidic polysaccharide L-EPS 2-1 by ion-exchange chromatography and gel chromatography. L-EPS 2-1 exerted higher antibiofilm activity than L-EPS 1-1. The antibiofilm activity of L-EPS might be associated with its structure.IMPORTANCES. flexneri is a widespread foodborne pathogen causing food contamination and responsible for food poisoning outbreaks related to various foods in developing countries. Not only has biofilm formation by S. flexneri been difficult to eliminate, but it has also increased the drug resistance of the strain. In the present study, it was demonstrated that L-EPSs secreted by Lactobacillus plantrum 12 could inhibit S. flexneri biofilm formation on, adhesion to, and invasion into HT-29 cells. Also, L-EPSs could decrease the minimum biofilm elimination concentration (MBEC) of the antibiotics used against S. flexneri biofilm. Therefore, L-EPSs were shown to be bioactive macromolecules with the potential ability to act against S. flexneri infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinglong Song
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengying Sun
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, People's Republic of China
| | - Lu Feng
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, People's Republic of China
| | - Xue Liang
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, People's Republic of China
| | - Xing Song
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, People's Republic of China
| | - Guangqing Mu
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, People's Republic of China
- Dalian Probiotics Function Research Key Laboratory, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanfeng Tuo
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, People's Republic of China
| | - Shujuan Jiang
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, People's Republic of China
| | - Fang Qian
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, People's Republic of China
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10
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Falcón García C, Kretschmer M, Lozano-Andrade CN, Schönleitner M, Dragoŝ A, Kovács ÁT, Lieleg O. Metal ions weaken the hydrophobicity and antibiotic resistance of Bacillus subtilis NCIB 3610 biofilms. NPJ Biofilms Microbiomes 2020; 6:1. [PMID: 31908831 PMCID: PMC6941983 DOI: 10.1038/s41522-019-0111-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Surface superhydrophobicity makes bacterial biofilms very difficult to fight, and it is a combination of their matrix composition and complex surface roughness which synergistically protects these biomaterials from wetting. Although trying to eradicate biofilms with aqueous (antibiotic) solutions is common practice, this can be a futile approach if the biofilms have superhydrophobic properties. To date, there are not many options available to reduce the liquid repellency of biofilms or to prevent this material property from developing. Here, we present a solution to this challenge. We demonstrate how the addition of metal ions such as copper and zinc during or after biofilm formation can render the surface of otherwise superhydrophobic B. subtilis NCIB 3610 biofilms completely wettable. As a result of this procedure, these smoother, hydrophilic biofilms are more susceptible to aqueous antibiotics solutions. Our strategy proposes a scalable and widely applicable step in a multi-faceted approach to eradicate biofilms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Falcón García
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Munich School of Bioengineering, Technical University of Munich, Boltzmannstraße 11, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Martin Kretschmer
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Munich School of Bioengineering, Technical University of Munich, Boltzmannstraße 11, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Carlos N. Lozano-Andrade
- Bacterial Interactions and Evolution Group, Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Søltofts Plads 221, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Markus Schönleitner
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Munich School of Bioengineering, Technical University of Munich, Boltzmannstraße 11, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Anna Dragoŝ
- Bacterial Interactions and Evolution Group, Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Søltofts Plads 221, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Ákos T. Kovács
- Bacterial Interactions and Evolution Group, Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Søltofts Plads 221, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Oliver Lieleg
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Munich School of Bioengineering, Technical University of Munich, Boltzmannstraße 11, 85748 Garching, Germany
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11
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Song J, Han B, Song H, Yang J, Zhang L, Ning P, Lin Z. Nonreductive biomineralization of uranium by Bacillus subtilis ATCC-6633 under aerobic conditions. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RADIOACTIVITY 2019; 208-209:106027. [PMID: 31442938 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2019.106027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Revised: 08/01/2019] [Accepted: 08/10/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Nonreductive biomineralization of uranium is a promising methodology for the removal of uranium contamination as it provides stable products and wide applications. However, the efficiency of mineralization has become a major obstacle for the removal of uranium contamination by this technology, and the mineralizing process still remains largely obscure. To solve this problem in a practical way, we report a fast nonreductive biomineralization process of uranium by Bacillus subtilis ATCC-6633, a widespread bacterium with environmentally-friendly applications. In this system, we demonstrated that the size and crystallization degree of the obtained nonreduced biomineralized products is significantly superior to the results reported in the literature under comparable conditions. Meanwhile, combined with SEM, TEM, and FT-IR, a mineralization process of uranium transfer from the outer surface of the Bacillus subtilis ATCC-6633 to the internal has been clearly observed, which was accompanied by the evolution of amorphous U(VI) to crystalline uramphite. This work uncovers whole-process insights into the nonreductive biomineralization of uranium by Bacillus subtilis ATCC-6633, paving a new way for the rapid and sustained removal of uranium contamination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianing Song
- School of Environment and Energy, The Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters (Ministry of Education), South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Environmental Nanomaterials, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Bin Han
- School of Environment and Energy, The Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters (Ministry of Education), South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Environmental Nanomaterials, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Han Song
- School of Environment and Energy, The Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters (Ministry of Education), South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Environmental Nanomaterials, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Jinrong Yang
- School of Environment and Energy, The Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters (Ministry of Education), South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Environmental Nanomaterials, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Lijuan Zhang
- School of Environment and Energy, The Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters (Ministry of Education), South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Environmental Nanomaterials, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Ping Ning
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650093, China
| | - Zhang Lin
- School of Environment and Energy, The Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters (Ministry of Education), South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Environmental Nanomaterials, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
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12
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Klotz M, Kretschmer M, Goetz A, Ezendam S, Lieleg O, Opitz M. Importance of the biofilm matrix for the erosion stability of Bacillus subtilis NCIB 3610 biofilms. RSC Adv 2019; 9:11521-11529. [PMID: 35520264 PMCID: PMC9063333 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra01955c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Erosion of bacterial biofilms is dependent on the composition of the biofilm matrix and the surrounding chemical environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Klotz
- Center for NanoScience
- Faculty of Physics
- Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
- Munich
- Germany
| | - M. Kretschmer
- Munich School of BioEngineering and Department of Mechanical Engineering
- Technische Universität München
- Garching
- Germany
| | - A. Goetz
- Center for NanoScience
- Faculty of Physics
- Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
- Munich
- Germany
| | - S. Ezendam
- Center for NanoScience
- Faculty of Physics
- Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
- Munich
- Germany
| | - O. Lieleg
- Munich School of BioEngineering and Department of Mechanical Engineering
- Technische Universität München
- Garching
- Germany
| | - M. Opitz
- Center for NanoScience
- Faculty of Physics
- Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
- Munich
- Germany
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13
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Falcón García C, Stangl F, Götz A, Zhao W, Sieber SA, Opitz M, Lieleg O. Topographical alterations render bacterial biofilms susceptible to chemical and mechanical stress. Biomater Sci 2019; 7:220-232. [DOI: 10.1039/c8bm00987b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Treatment with concentrated ethanol, saline or glucose solutions smoothens biofilm surface topography and initially superhydrophobic/omniphobic biofilms are rendered hydrophilic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Falcón García
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Munich School of Bioengineering
- Technical University of Munich
- 85748 Garching
- Germany
| | - Felix Stangl
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Munich School of Bioengineering
- Technical University of Munich
- 85748 Garching
- Germany
| | - Alexandra Götz
- Center for NanoScience
- Faculty of Physics
- Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
- Munich
- Germany
| | - Weining Zhao
- Department of Chemistry
- Chair for Organic Chemistry II
- Technical University of Munich
- 85748 Garching
- Germany
| | - Stephan A. Sieber
- Department of Chemistry
- Chair for Organic Chemistry II
- Technical University of Munich
- 85748 Garching
- Germany
| | - Madeleine Opitz
- Center for NanoScience
- Faculty of Physics
- Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
- Munich
- Germany
| | - Oliver Lieleg
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Munich School of Bioengineering
- Technical University of Munich
- 85748 Garching
- Germany
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14
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von Bronk B, Götz A, Opitz M. Complex microbial systems across different levels of description. Phys Biol 2018; 15:051002. [PMID: 29757151 DOI: 10.1088/1478-3975/aac473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Complex biological systems offer a variety of interesting phenomena at the different physical scales. With increasing abstraction, details of the microscopic scales can often be extrapolated to average or typical macroscopic properties. However, emergent properties and cross-scale interactions can impede naïve abstractions and necessitate comprehensive investigations of these complex systems. In this review paper, we focus on microbial communities, and first, summarize a general hierarchy of relevant scales and description levels to understand these complex systems: (1) genetic networks, (2) single cells, (3) populations, and (4) emergent multi-cellular properties. Second, we employ two illustrating examples, microbial competition and biofilm formation, to elucidate how cross-scale interactions and emergent properties enrich the observed multi-cellular behavior in these systems. Finally, we conclude with pointing out the necessity of multi-scale investigations to understand complex biological systems and discuss recent investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benedikt von Bronk
- Faculty of Physics and Center for NanoScience, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Geschwister-Scholl-Platz 1, D-80539 Munich, Germany
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