Recent Developments of Reverse Micellar Techniques for Lysozyme, Bovine Serum Albumin, and Bromelain Extraction

Biomolecules produced by living organisms can perform vast array of functions and play an important role in the cell. Important biomolecules such as lysozyme, bovine serum albumin (BSA), and bromelain are often studied by researchers due to their beneficial properties. The application of reverse micelles is an effective tool for protein separation from their sources due to the special system structure. Mechanisms of transferring biomolecules and factors that influence the extraction of biomolecules are reviewed in this paper. The enhancement of biomolecule extraction could be achieved depending on the properties of reverse micelles. This paper provides an overall review on lysozyme, BSA, and bromelain extraction by reverse micelle for various applications.

Bromelain with peroxidase from pineapple are more potent to target leukemia growth inhibition - A comparison with only bromelain

The natural anti-cancer agent bromelain is found to be beneficial for either single or multi-targeted therapy in gastric and skin carcinoma, by inhibiting cancer cell growth. Importantly, the presence of peroxidase enhances its biological efficiency. We have now evaluated a panel of cancer cell lines with bromelain in presence or absence of peroxidase to identify that the combination has higher apoptosis inducing potential in all those cell lines. Bromelain plus peroxidase (BM-PR) inhibited acute myeloid (K562) cell proliferation and altered the morphological features. Incidence of apoptosis was established by using annexin V exposure and this was confirmed that the cell cycle was arrested at G0/G1 phase in a concentration-dependent manner. BM-PR increased the intracellular ROS level and altered the mitochondrial membrane potential, as detected using dichlorofluores cin diacetate (DCFDA). It also regulated the expression of apoptosis-related proteins like Bax, Bcl2, caspase-3 and cytochrome besides causing up-regulation of p53 as determined by western blot analysis. These results suggest that BM-PR from pineapple induces apoptosis better than only bromelain in acute myeloid leukemia cells possibly via mitochondria dependent pathway.