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Biswas GC, Khan MTM, Das J. Wearable nucleic acid testing platform - A perspective on rapid self-diagnosis and surveillance of infectious diseases. Biosens Bioelectron 2023; 226:115115. [PMID: 36746023 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2023.115115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Wearable biosensors (WB) are currently attracting considerable interest for rapid detection and monitoring of biomarkers including metabolites, protein, and pathogen in bodily fluids (e.g., sweat, saliva, tears, and interstitial fluid). Another branch of WB termed wearable nucleic acid testing (NAT) is blossoming thanks to the development of microfluidic technology and isothermal nucleic acid amplification technique (iNAAT); however, there are only few reports on this. The wearable NAT is an emerging field of point-of-care (POC) diagnostics, and holds the promise for time-saving self-diagnosis, and evidence-based surveillance of infectious diseases in remote or low-resource settings. The use of wearable NAT can also be advanced to include molecular diagnosis, the identification of cancer biomarkers, genetic abnormalities, and other aspects. The wearable NAT provides the potential for evidence-based surveillance of infectious diseases when combined with internet connectivity and App software. To make the wearable NAT accessible to the end users, however, improvements must be made to the fabrication, cost, speed, sensitivity, specificity, sampling, iNAAT, analyzer, and a few other features. So, in this paper, we looked at the wearable NAT's most recent development, identified its difficulties, and defined its potential for managing infectious diseases quickly in the future. This is the wearable NAT review's first effort. We expect that this article will provide the concise resources needed to develop and deploy an efficient wearable NAT system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gokul Chandra Biswas
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet, 3114, Bangladesh.
| | - Md Taufiqur Mannan Khan
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet, 3114, Bangladesh
| | - Jagotamoy Das
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2170 Campus Dr, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA.
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A Review on Potential Electrochemical Point-of-Care Tests Targeting Pandemic Infectious Disease Detection: COVID-19 as a Reference. CHEMOSENSORS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/chemosensors10070269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Fast and accurate point-of-care testing (POCT) of infectious diseases is crucial for diminishing the pandemic miseries. To fight the pandemic coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), numerous interesting electrochemical point-of-care (POC) tests have been evolved to rapidly identify the causal organism SARS-CoV-2 virus, its nucleic acid and antigens, and antibodies of the patients. Many of those electrochemical biosensors are impressive in terms of miniaturization, mass production, ease of use, and speed of test, and they could be recommended for future applications in pandemic-like circumstances. On the other hand, self-diagnosis, sensitivity, specificity, surface chemistry, electrochemical components, device configuration, portability, small analyzers, and other features of the tests can yet be improved. Therefore, this report reviews the developmental trend of electrochemical POC tests (i.e., test platforms and features) reported for the rapid diagnosis of COVID-19 and correlates any significant advancements with relevant references. POCTs incorporating microfluidic/plastic chips, paper devices, nanomaterial-aided platforms, smartphone integration, self-diagnosis, and epidemiological reporting attributes are also surfed to help with future pandemic preparedness. This review especially screens the low-cost and easily affordable setups so that management of pandemic disease becomes faster and easier. Overall, the review is a wide-ranging package for finding appropriate strategies of electrochemical POCT targeting pandemic infectious disease detection.
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Biswas GC, Suzuki H. Simple manual roller pump-driven valve-free microfluidic solution exchange system for urgent bioassay. RSC Adv 2022; 12:2938-2946. [PMID: 35425303 PMCID: PMC8979114 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra08052k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
We introduce a simple-to-use manual roller pump (MRP)-driven and valve-free microfluidic system for sequential solution exchange, followed by a bioassay to detect protein. The polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS)/glass-based disposable device comprises a reaction chamber, multiple micro-flow channels (μFCs), and air vents. The practical solution exchange was realized by sequential injection and withdrawal of several solutions into and from the reaction chamber through constricted μFCs by utilizing changing air pressure of an MRP when a small cylindrical roller was pressed and rolled over a soft silicone tube using a finger. Furthermore, we investigated the effect of surface hydrophobicity on solution exchange. A sandwich fluorescence-based immunoassay to detect human interleukin 2 (IL-2) was performed using this simple microfluidic scheme to demonstrate its suitability for analytical bioassays. The system allowed quick IL-2 detection in 20 min in a pre-functionalized device with a detection limit of 80 pg mL−1 and a range of 125 pg mL−1 to 2.0 ng mL−1. We have thus developed a microfluidic scheme that non-experts can efficiently perform and that can be the fundamental module for low-cost bioassays necessary for emergencies and situations where resources are constrained. We report an easy microfluidic solution exchange system that employs a finger-driven manual roller pump (MRP) and valveless micro-flow structures to enable minimally trained personnel to execute instantaneous stepwise bioassays.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Gokul Chandra Biswas
- School of Life Sciences, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet-3114, Bangladesh
| | - Hiroaki Suzuki
- Graduate School of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8573, Japan
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Satoh Y, Ding H, Yang H, Deng Y, Hsueh AJ, Shimizu T, Qiao M, Ma C, Kariya K, Kurihara T, Suzuki H. Wired Microfabricated Electrochemical Systems. Anal Chem 2021; 93:12655-12663. [PMID: 34476942 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c02461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Metal wires have been used as an alternative to liquid junctions for the connection of solutions in microfabricated electrochemical devices. They exhibit similar performance to liquid junctions, provided that the interfacial potentials at both ends of the wires were appropriately canceled. Cyclic voltammograms of devices with liquid junctions and metal wires were very similar when no current or a low current flowed through the metal wire between the working and reference electrodes. Iridium wires with iridium oxide at both ends facilitated canceling of the interfacial potentials at either end of the junction particularly well, and were used effectively for voltammetry, amperometry, and potentiometry by adjusting the pH of the solutions in the working and reference electrode compartments to be equal. This approach was used to effectively integrate a reliable common reference electrode between multiple working electrodes and to conduct automated electrochemical control of solution transport in microfluidic systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusei Satoh
- Graduate School of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan
| | - Hanlin Ding
- Graduate School of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan
| | - Hao Yang
- Graduate School of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan
| | - Yi Deng
- Graduate School of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan
| | - An-Ju Hsueh
- Graduate School of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan
| | - Tetsuro Shimizu
- Graduate School of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan
| | - Mu Qiao
- Graduate School of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan
| | - Chengrui Ma
- Graduate School of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan
| | - Koki Kariya
- Graduate School of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Kurihara
- Graduate School of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Suzuki
- Graduate School of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan
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Pramanik SK, Suzuki H. Switchable Microvalves Employing a Conducting Polymer and Their Automatic Operation in Conjunction with Micropumps with a Superabsorbent Polymer. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:37741-37749. [PMID: 32693570 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c09419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Automated microfluidic devices integrated with microvalves and micropumps were developed. To realize an efficient and automatic control of solution transport, we newly developed microvalves comprising a polypyrrole (PPy) film electropolymerized on patterned platinum electrodes and doped with a surfactant. The surface of the doped PPy film exhibits a nearly hydrophobic state or a hydrophilic state when oxidized or reduced under the application of an appropriate potential, enabling the control of the solution transport via capillary action. The simple structure and fabrication of the microvalves facilitated the integration of many valves in various flow channel structures. To improve the performance, simple suction and injection micropumps with freeze-dried discs made of a superabsorbent polymer (SAP) were additionally incorporated along with the microvalves. The former withdraws the solution by directly absorbing it onto the SAP, whereas the latter applies a pressure to the solution through an elastic diaphragm by absorbing a priming solution into the SAP. The significant volume changes of the SAP discs enabled an efficient transport of the solutions. Repeated injection and withdrawal of the solutions in and out of a reaction chamber were demonstrated using four injection and suction pumps and eight valves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shishir Kanti Pramanik
- Graduate School of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Suzuki
- Graduate School of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan
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Sassa F, Biswas GC, Suzuki H. Microfabricated electrochemical sensing devices. LAB ON A CHIP 2020; 20:1358-1389. [PMID: 32129358 DOI: 10.1039/c9lc01112a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Electrochemistry provides possibilities to realize smart microdevices of the next generation with high functionalities. Electrodes, which constitute major components of electrochemical devices, can be formed by various microfabrication techniques, and integration of the same (or different) components for that purpose is not difficult. Merging this technique with microfluidics can further expand the areas of application of the resultant devices. To augment the development of next generation devices, it will be beneficial to review recent technological trends in this field and clarify the directions required for moving forward. Even when limiting the discussion to electrochemical microdevices, a variety of useful techniques should be considered. Therefore, in this review, we attempted to provide an overview of all relevant techniques in this context in the hope that it can provide useful comprehensive information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fumihiro Sassa
- Graduate School of Information Science and Electrical Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
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Anshori I, Takie S, Suzuki H. Active Junctions to Improve Sensitivity and Detection Limit of a Microdevice Based on Coulometry Coupled with Silver Metallization. ELECTROANAL 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.201800825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Isa Anshori
- Graduate School of Pure and Applied SciencesUniversity of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573 Japan
| | - Shuichi Takie
- Graduate School of Pure and Applied SciencesUniversity of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573 Japan
| | - Hiroaki Suzuki
- Graduate School of Pure and Applied SciencesUniversity of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573 Japan
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Biswas GC, Rana MM, Kazuhiro T, Suzuki H. A simple micropump based on a freeze-dried superabsorbent polymer for multiplex solution processing in disposable devices. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2019; 6:182213. [PMID: 31032056 PMCID: PMC6458371 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.182213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2019] [Accepted: 02/27/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
We describe a simple micropump for disposable microfluidic devices. The pump is constructed using a freeze-dried disc of a superabsorbent polymer (SAP). The disc absorbs a solution in a flow channel and swells upward in a pumping chamber. Despite the simple structure of this device, the rate of absorption remains constant and can be adjusted by changing the composition of the SAP, its size, the dimensions of the flow channel and the medium to be absorbed. The pumping action can be initiated by applying an electrical signal using a switchable hydrophobic valve. The integrated approach of the SAP pump and switchable valve could facilitate the automatic processing of many solutions required for bioassay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gokul Chandra Biswas
- Graduate School of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan
| | - Md. Mohosin Rana
- Graduate School of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan
| | - Takekoshi Kazuhiro
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8675, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Suzuki
- Graduate School of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan
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