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Kim JH, Kim M, Kim SJ, Kim SY, Yu S, Hwang W, Kwon E, Lim JH, Kim SH, Sung YE, Yu SH. Understanding the electrochemical processes of SeS 2 positive electrodes for developing high-performance non-aqueous lithium sulfur batteries. Nat Commun 2024; 15:7669. [PMID: 39227369 PMCID: PMC11371820 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-51647-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/12/2024] [Indexed: 09/05/2024] Open
Abstract
SeS2 positive electrodes are promising components for the development of high-energy, non-aqueous lithium sulfur batteries. However, the (electro)chemical and structural evolution of this class of positive electrodes is not yet fully understood. Here, we use operando physicochemical measurements to elucidate the dissolution and deposition processes in the SeS2 positive electrodes during lithium sulfur cell charge and discharge. Our analysis of real-time imaging reveals the pivotal role of Se in the SeS2 nucleation process, while S enables selective depositions. During the initial discharge, SeS2 converts into Se and S separately, with the dissolved Se acting as nucleation sites due to their lower nucleation potential. The Se effectively catalyzes the growth of S particles, resulting in improved lithium sulfur battery performance compared to cells using positive electrodes containing only Se or S as active materials. By adjusting the Se-to-S ratio, we demonstrate that a low concentration of Se enables uniform catalytic sites, promotes the homogeneous distribution of S and favours improved lithium sulfur battery performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Hwan Kim
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul, Republic of Korea
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Mihyun Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Jun Kim
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Shin-Yeong Kim
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul, Republic of Korea
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seungho Yu
- Energy Storage Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Division of Energy & Environment Technology, KIST School, Korea University of Science and Technology, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Wonchan Hwang
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul, Republic of Korea
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunji Kwon
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Energy Storage Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Hong Lim
- Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, POSTECH, Pohang, Republic of Korea
| | - So Hee Kim
- Advanced Analysis Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yung-Eun Sung
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul, Republic of Korea.
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Seung-Ho Yu
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Battery-Smart Factory, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Rocca R, Sgroi MF, Camino B, D’Amore M, Ferrari AM. Disordered Rock-Salt Type Li2TiS3 as Novel Cathode for LIBs: A Computational Point of View. NANOMATERIALS 2022; 12:nano12111832. [PMID: 35683690 PMCID: PMC9181842 DOI: 10.3390/nano12111832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The development of high-energy cathode materials for lithium-ion batteries with low content of critical raw materials, such as cobalt and nickel, plays a key role in the progress of lithium-ion batteries technology. In recent works, a novel and promising family of lithium-rich sulfides has received attention. Among the possible structures and arrangement, cubic disordered Li2TiS3 has shown interesting properties, also for the formulation of new cell for all-solid-state batteries. In this work, a computational approach based on DFT hybrid Hamiltonian, localized basis functions and the use of the periodic CRYSTAL code, has been set up. The main goal of the present study is to determine accurate structural, electronic, and spectroscopic properties for this class of materials. Li2TiS3 precursors as Li2S, TiS2, and TiS3 alongside other formulations and structures such as LiTiS2 and monoclinic Li2TiS3 have been selected as benchmark systems and used to build up a consistent and robust predictive scheme. Raman spectra, XRD patterns, electronic band structures, and density of states have been simulated and compared to available literature data. Disordered rock-salt type Li2TiS3 structures have been derived via a solid solution method as implemented into the CRYSTAL code. Representative structures were extensively characterized through the calculations of their electronic and vibrational properties. Furthermore, the correlation between structure and Raman fingerprint was established.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riccardo Rocca
- Department of Chemistry and NIS, University of Turin, 10125 Torino, Italy;
- Centro Ricerche FIAT S.C.p.A., 10043 Orbassano, Italy;
- Correspondence: or (R.R.); (A.M.F.)
| | | | - Bruno Camino
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College, London SW7 2AZ, UK;
| | - Maddalena D’Amore
- Department of Chemistry and NIS, University of Turin, 10125 Torino, Italy;
| | - Anna Maria Ferrari
- Department of Chemistry and NIS, University of Turin, 10125 Torino, Italy;
- Correspondence: or (R.R.); (A.M.F.)
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Zhao R, Hu G, Kmiec S, Gebhardt R, Whale A, Wheaton J, Martin SW. New Amorphous Oxy-Sulfide Solid Electrolyte Material: Anion Exchange, Electrochemical Properties, and Lithium Dendrite Suppression via In Situ Interfacial Modification. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:26841-26852. [PMID: 34096695 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c22305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Glassy sulfide materials have been considered as promising candidates for solid-state electrolytes (SSEs) in lithium and sodium metal (LM and SM) batteries. While much of the current research on lithium glassy SSEs (GSSEs) has focused on the pure sulfide binary Li2S + P2S5 system, we have expanded these efforts by examining mixed-glass-former (MGF) compositions which have mixtures of glass formers, such as P and Si, which allow melt-quenching synthesis under ambient pressure and therefore the use of grain-boundary-free SSEs. We have doped these MGF compositions with oxygen to improve the chemical, electrochemical, and thermal properties of these glasses. In this work, we report on the short-range order (SRO), namely atomic-level, structures of Li2S + SiS2 + P2O5 MGF mixed oxy-sulfide glasses and, for the first time, study the critical current density (CCD) of these Si-doped oxy-sulfide GSSEs in LM symmetric cells. The samples were synthesized by planetary ball milling (PBM), and it was observed that a certain minimum milling time was necessary to achieve a final SRO structure. To address the short-circuiting lithium dendrite (LD) problems that were observed in these GSSEs, we demonstrate a simple and novel strategy for these Si-doped oxy-sulfide GSSEs to engineer the LM-GSSE interface by forming an in situ interlayer via heat treatment. Stable cycling to ∼1200 h at a capacity of 2 mAh·cm-2 per discharge/charge cycle under a current density of 1 mA·cm-2 is achieved. These results indicate that these MGF oxy-sulfide GSSEs combined with an optimized interfacial modification may find use in LM, and by extrapolation, SM, batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Zhao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50010, United States
| | - Guantai Hu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50010, United States
| | - Steven Kmiec
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50010, United States
| | - Ryan Gebhardt
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50010, United States
| | - Alison Whale
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50010, United States
| | - Jacob Wheaton
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50010, United States
| | - Steve W Martin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50010, United States
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Zhao R, Kmiec S, Hu G, Martin SW. Lithium Thiosilicophosphate Glassy Solid Electrolytes Synthesized by High-Energy Ball-Milling and Melt-Quenching: Improved Suppression of Lithium Dendrite Growth by Si Doping. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:2327-2337. [PMID: 31829004 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b16792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Due to the volatility of P2S5, the ambient pressure synthesis of Li2S + P2S5 (LPS) has been limited to planetary ball-milling (PBM). To utilize PBM of LPS to generate a solid electrolyte (SE), the as-synthesized powder sample must be pressed into pellets, and as such the presence of as-pressed grain boundaries in the SE cannot be avoided. To eliminate the grain boundaries, LPS doped with SiS2 has been studied because SiS2 lowers the vapor pressure of the melt and promotes strong glass formation, which in combination allows for greater ease in synthesis. In this work, we have examined the structures and electrochemical properties of lithium thiosilicophosphate 0.6Li2S + 0.4[xSiS2 + 1.5(1 - x)PS5/2], 0 ≤ x ≤ 1, glassy solid electrolytes (GSEs) prepared by both PBM and melt-quenching (MQ). It is shown that the critical current density improved after incorporating SiS2, reaching 1.5 mA/cm2 for the x = 0.8 composition. However, the interfacial reaction of MQ GSE with lithium metal introduced microcracks, which shows that further research is needed to explore and develop more stable GSE compositions. These fundamental results can help to understand the interface reaction and formation and as such can provide a guide to design improved homogeneous GSEs with SiS2 as a glass former, which have no grain boundaries and thereby may help suppress lithium dendrite formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Zhao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , Iowa State University , Ames , Iowa 50010 , United States
| | - Steven Kmiec
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , Iowa State University , Ames , Iowa 50010 , United States
| | - Guantai Hu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , Iowa State University , Ames , Iowa 50010 , United States
| | - Steve W Martin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , Iowa State University , Ames , Iowa 50010 , United States
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Pan Y, Guan WM. Prediction of New Phase and Electrochemical Properties of Li2S2 for the Application of Li-S Batteries. Inorg Chem 2018; 57:6617-6623. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b00747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Y. Pan
- State Key Lab of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, People’s Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies for Comprehensive Utilization of Platinum Metals, Kunming 650106, People’s Republic of China
| | - W. M. Guan
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies for Comprehensive Utilization of Platinum Metals, Kunming 650106, People’s Republic of China
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