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Kothari J, Iroh JO. Self-Healing Poly(urea formaldehyde) Microcapsules: Synthesis and Characterization. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15071668. [PMID: 37050281 PMCID: PMC10096928 DOI: 10.3390/polym15071668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Smart coatings and smart polymers have been garnering great interest in recent times due to their novel characteristics, such as being self-restoring, self-cleaning, and self-healing. However, most self-healing materials have a low glass transition temperature (Tg) and are inadequate for the repair of advanced composites. Because of their low Tg, the conventional self-healing materials plasticize and weaken the composites. In this study, moderate to high temperature self-healing microcapsules, capable of healing and thus stopping crack propagation, are prepared. The microcapsules were prepared using a two-step process involving the synthesis of poly(urea formaldehyde) (PUF) prepolymer, followed by the encapsulation of hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI) in an oil-in-water emulsion to form a crosslinked PUF shell. Diisocyanates are of particular interest as self-healing encapsulants because of their diversity of structure and fast rate of hydrolysis. Successful encapsulation was verified by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and optical microscopy. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) was used to characterize the thermal properties of microcapsules. The onset temperature for microcapsule degradation varied from 155 °C to 195 °C. Dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) was used to determine the thermomechanical response of microcapsule/epoxy films. DMA showed that the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the epoxy/microcapsule composite was greater than the Tg for neat epoxy and varied between 34 and 65 °C. The TGA analysis of the epoxy/microcapsule composite shows that the thermal stability and char retention of the epoxy/microcapsule composite increased and the low temperature decomposition peak at 150 °C, associated with the microcapsule, disappeared after the DMA test, indicating the occurrence of a reaction between HDI and the epoxy to form a crosslinked polyurea network structure.
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Sikdar P, Dip TM, Dhar AK, Bhattacharjee M, Hoque MS, Ali SB. Polyurethane (
PU
) based multifunctional materials: Emerging paradigm for functional textiles, smart, and biomedical applications. J Appl Polym Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/app.52832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Partha Sikdar
- Department of Textiles, Merchandising and Interiors University of Georgia Athens Georgia USA
| | | | - Avik K. Dhar
- Department of Textiles, Merchandising and Interiors University of Georgia Athens Georgia USA
| | | | - Md. Saiful Hoque
- Department of Human Ecology University of Alberta Edmonton Alberta Canada
- Department of Textile Engineering Daffodil International University 102 Shukrabad, Dhanmondi Dhaka Bangladesh
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Abstract
Shape memory alloys, materials capable of being deformed and maintaining the deformation and additionally capable of returning to the initial position, are valued for a range of applications from actuators to flexible microdevices. Maintaining the properties that make them useful, their ability to deform and reform, requires that shape memory alloys must be protected against corrosion, in which the integration of shape memory polymers can act as a means of protection. Thus, this review is to highlight the utility of self-healing shape memory polymers as a means of corrosion inhibition. Therefore, this review discusses the benefits of utilizing self-healing shape memory polymers for the protection of shape memory, several types of self-healing polymers that could be used, means of improving or tailoring the polymers towards specific usages, and future prospects in designing a shape memory polymer for use in corrosion inhibition.
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Corrosion Protection of Q235 Steel Using Epoxy Coatings Loaded with Calcium Carbonate Microparticles Modified by Sodium Lignosulfonate in Simulated Concrete Pore Solutions. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14081982. [PMID: 33920970 PMCID: PMC8071326 DOI: 10.3390/ma14081982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2021] [Revised: 04/04/2021] [Accepted: 04/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In this study, calcium carbonate (CaCO3) microparticles having pH-sensitive properties were loaded with sodium lignosulfonate (SLS), a corrosion inhibitor. Scanning electron microscope (SEM), UV–VIS spectrophotometer (UV-vis), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and attenuated total reflection-Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) were applied to evaluate the properties of the synthetic microparticles. This material could lead to the release of corrosion inhibitor under different pH conditions of the aqueous media. However, the extent of release of the corrosion inhibitor in the acidic media was higher, leading to enhanced shielding effect of the Q235 steel. These microparticles can serve as anti-corrosion additive for epoxy resin-coated Q235 steel. Electrochemical experiments were used to assess the anti-corrosive ability of the epoxy coatings in simulated concrete pore (SCP) solution, confirming the superior corrosion inhibition of the epoxy coating via incorporation of 5 wt % calcium carbonate microparticles loaded with SLS (SLS/CaCO3). The physical properties of coating specimens were characterized by water absorption, contact angle, adhesion, and pencil hardness mechanical tests.
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Molecular structures in the inorganic-metal interactions for optimizing electrochemical performance. J Mol Liq 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2021.115344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Zhao X, Wei J, Li B, Li S, Tian N, Jing L, Zhang J. A self-healing superamphiphobic coating for efficient corrosion protection of magnesium alloy. J Colloid Interface Sci 2020; 575:140-149. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2020.04.097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Revised: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Shape Memory Polyurethane and its Composites for Various Applications. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/app9214694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The inherent capability to deform and reform in a predefined environment is a unique property existing in shape memory polyurethane. The intrinsic shape memory ability of the polyurethane is due to the presence of macro domains of soft and hard segments in its bulk, which make this material a potential candidate for several applications. This review is focused on manifesting the applicability of shape memory polyurethane and its composites/blends in various domains, especially to human health such as shielding of electromagnetic interference, medical bandage development, bone tissue engineering, self-healing, implants development, etc. A coherent literature review highlighting the prospects of shape memory polyurethane in versatile applications has been presented.
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Yang N, Yang T, Wang W, Chen H, Li W. Polydopamine modified polyaniline-graphene oxide composite for enhancement of corrosion resistance. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2019; 377:142-151. [PMID: 31158583 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.05.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2018] [Revised: 04/03/2019] [Accepted: 05/25/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the composite of two-dimensional graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets and button-shaped polyaniline (PANI) was synthesized and further modified by polydopamine (PDA). The obtained PDA-PANI-GO composite was used to enhance the corrosion protection ability of nontoxic water-based alkyd varnish (WAV). The chemical composition, functional groups and surface morphologies of GO, PANI-GO and PDA-PANI-GO composites were characterized by XRD, FT-IR XPS and SEM. The anticorrosion performance was demonstrated by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy measurements and polarization tests. Due to the physical barrier effects and surface hydrophobicity of PANI-GO composite, the approaches of the caustic substances to the surface of the metal was inhibited, while the highly adhesive PDA molecules reinforced compatibility between fillers and WAV. As results, PDA-PANI-GO composite introduced WAV enhanced corrosion prevention performance. Under the optimal conditions, where the ratio of PDA to PANI-GO was kept at 2:1, the impedance values increased by over two orders of magnitude compared with bare steel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Yang
- Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, PR China; Open Studio for Marine Corrosion and Protection, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266000, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100039, PR China
| | - Tao Yang
- College of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, 519082, PR China
| | - Wei Wang
- Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, PR China; Open Studio for Marine Corrosion and Protection, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266000, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100039, PR China
| | - Huaiyin Chen
- Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, PR China; Open Studio for Marine Corrosion and Protection, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266000, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100039, PR China
| | - Weihua Li
- College of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, 519082, PR China.
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Huang Y, Deng L, Ju P, Huang L, Qian H, Zhang D, Li X, Terryn HA, Mol JMC. Triple-Action Self-Healing Protective Coatings Based on Shape Memory Polymers Containing Dual-Function Microspheres. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:23369-23379. [PMID: 29926725 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b06985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a new self-healing shape memory polymer (SMP) coating was prepared to protect the aluminum alloy 2024-T3 from corrosion by the incorporation of dual-function microspheres containing polycaprolactone and the corrosion inhibitor 8-hydroxyquinoline (8HQ). The self-healing properties of the coatings were investigated via scanning electron microscopy, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and scanning electrochemical microscopy following the application of different healing conditions. The results demonstrated that the coating possessed a triple-action self-healing ability enabled by the cooperation of the 8HQ inhibitor, the SMP coating matrix, and the melted microspheres. The coating released 8HQ in a pH-dependent fashion and immediately suppressed corrosion within the coating scratch. After heat treatment, the scratched coating exhibited excellent recovery of its anticorrosion performance, which was attributed to the simultaneous initiation of scratch closure by the shape memory effect of the coating matrix, sealing of the scratch by the melted microspheres, and the synergistic effect of corrosion inhibition by 8HQ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Huang
- Corrosion and Protection Center, Institute for Advanced Materials and Technology , University of Science and Technology Beijing , Beijing 100083 , China
| | - Leping Deng
- Corrosion and Protection Center, Institute for Advanced Materials and Technology , University of Science and Technology Beijing , Beijing 100083 , China
| | - Pengfei Ju
- Shanghai Aerospace Equipment Manufacturer , Shanghai 200245 , China
| | - Luyao Huang
- Corrosion and Protection Center, Institute for Advanced Materials and Technology , University of Science and Technology Beijing , Beijing 100083 , China
| | - Hongchang Qian
- Corrosion and Protection Center, Institute for Advanced Materials and Technology , University of Science and Technology Beijing , Beijing 100083 , China
| | - Dawei Zhang
- Corrosion and Protection Center, Institute for Advanced Materials and Technology , University of Science and Technology Beijing , Beijing 100083 , China
| | - Xiaogang Li
- Corrosion and Protection Center, Institute for Advanced Materials and Technology , University of Science and Technology Beijing , Beijing 100083 , China
| | - Herman A Terryn
- Department of Materials and Chemistry, Research Group Electrochemical and Surface Engineering , Vrije Universiteit Brussel , Brussels 1050 , Belgium
| | - Johannes M C Mol
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , Delft University of Technology , Delft 2628 , The Netherlands
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