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Aitipamula S, Hadia NJ, Vasantha VA, Parthiban A. An Exceptionally Salt Tolerant Copoly(Maleimide Sulfobetaine) - Structural Requirements for Ultra-Salt Tolerance. Macromol Rapid Commun 2024:e2400499. [PMID: 39363615 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202400499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2024] [Revised: 08/30/2024] [Indexed: 10/05/2024]
Abstract
Zwitterionic polymers are an important class of polymers with far-ranging applications. In the widely studied poly(meth)acrylate and poly(meth) acrylamide-based zwitterions, properties can be tuned by changing the nature of substituents attached to ammonium ions. However, these changes influenced salt tolerance of zwitterionic polymers only to a limited extent. Upon adding salt these polymers expanded in solution initially. Further increase in salt concentration caused the polymer chains to shrink similar to the common water soluble, uncharged polymers thereby deteriorating the viscosity of aqueous solutions. In contrast to the conventional poly(meth)acrylate and poly(meth)acrylamide-based zwitterions, zwitterionic copolymaleimides showed substituent dependent salt-tolerant nature. In the absence of any substituent on the polymer backbone such as zwitterionic poly(ethylene-alt-maleimide) (ZI-PEMA) the viscosity of salt solutions increased both with the increasing salt concentration as well as the concentration of polymer. This is likely due to the continuous expansion of polymer coil in salt solutions with increasing salt concentration caused primarily by the rigidity of the polymer backbone. ZI-PEMA also enhanced the saturation limit of mono- and divalent salts like sodium chloride and hydrated calcium bromide in water. This property is useful for various applications like fish curing, for making high-density fluids, refrigeration, etc. across various industrial sectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srinivasulu Aitipamula
- Institute of Sustainability for Chemicals, Energy and Environment (ISCE2), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 1, Pesek Road, Jurong Island, Singapore, 627833, Singapore
| | - Nanji J Hadia
- Institute of Sustainability for Chemicals, Energy and Environment (ISCE2), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 1, Pesek Road, Jurong Island, Singapore, 627833, Singapore
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, School of Technology, Pandit Deendayal Energy University, Gandhinagar, 382426, India
| | - Vivek A Vasantha
- Institute of Sustainability for Chemicals, Energy and Environment (ISCE2), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 1, Pesek Road, Jurong Island, Singapore, 627833, Singapore
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Anbanandam Parthiban
- Institute of Sustainability for Chemicals, Energy and Environment (ISCE2), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 1, Pesek Road, Jurong Island, Singapore, 627833, Singapore
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Jiang F, Wang H, Ye Z, Pang S, Pu W, Xu B. Thickening mechanism of water-soluble polymer in the presence of Ca2+ and Na+. Polym Bull (Berl) 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-021-03886-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Wang D, Tan J, Han Y, Guo Y, An H. Synthesis and properties of temperature-resistant and salt-tolerant tetra-acrylamide copolymer. JOURNAL OF MACROMOLECULAR SCIENCE PART A-PURE AND APPLIED CHEMISTRY 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/10601325.2019.1664912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dongping Wang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Environmental Engineering, Liaoning ShiHua University, Fushun, P. R. China
| | - Jiawen Tan
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Environmental Engineering, Liaoning ShiHua University, Fushun, P. R. China
| | - Yuhao Han
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Environmental Engineering, Liaoning ShiHua University, Fushun, P. R. China
| | - Yanmei Guo
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Science, Changchun, P. R. China
| | - Huiyong An
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Environmental Engineering, Liaoning ShiHua University, Fushun, P. R. China
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