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He Y, Du M, He J, Liu H, Lv Y, Guo L, Zhang P, Bai Y. An Amphiphilic Multiblock Polymer as a High-Temperature Gelling Agent for Oil-Based Drilling Fluids and Its Mechanism of Action. Gels 2023; 9:966. [PMID: 38131952 PMCID: PMC10742405 DOI: 10.3390/gels9120966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Oil-based drilling fluids are widely used in challenging wells such as those with large displacements, deepwater and ultra-deepwater wells, deep wells, and ultra-deep wells due to their excellent temperature resistance, inhibition properties, and lubrication. However, there is a challenging issue of rheological deterioration of drilling fluids under high-temperature conditions. In this study, a dual-amphiphilic segmented high-temperature-resistant gelling agent (HTR-GA) was synthesized using poly fatty acids and polyether amines as raw materials. Experimental results showed that the initial decomposition temperature of HTR-GA was 374 °C, indicating good thermal stability. After adding HTR-GA, the emulsion coalescence voltage increased for emulsions with different oil-to-water ratios. HTR-GA could construct a weak gel structure in oil-based drilling fluids, significantly enhancing the shear-thinning and thixotropic properties of oil-based drilling fluids under high-temperature conditions. Using HTR-GA as the core, a set of oil-based drilling fluid systems with good rheological properties, a density of 2.2 g/cm3, and temperature resistance up to 220 °C were constructed. After aging for 24 h at 220 °C, the dynamic shear force exceeded 10 Pa, and G' exceeded 7 Pa, while after aging for 96 h at 220 °C, the dynamic shear force exceeded 4 Pa, and G″ reached 7 Pa. The synthesized compound HTR-GA has been empirically validated to significantly augment the rheological properties of oil-based drilling fluids, particularly under high-temperature conditions, showcasing impressive thermal stability with a resistance threshold of up to 220 °C. This notable enhancement provides critical technical reinforcement for progressive exploration endeavors in deep and ultra-deep well formations, specifically employing oil-based drilling fluids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinbo He
- National Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Engineering, China University of Petroleum (Beijing), Beijing 102249, China (H.L.)
- MOE Key Laboratory of Petroleum Engineering, China University of Petroleum (Beijing), Beijing 102249, China
| | - Mingliang Du
- National Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Engineering, China University of Petroleum (Beijing), Beijing 102249, China (H.L.)
- MOE Key Laboratory of Petroleum Engineering, China University of Petroleum (Beijing), Beijing 102249, China
| | - Jing He
- National Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Engineering, China University of Petroleum (Beijing), Beijing 102249, China (H.L.)
- MOE Key Laboratory of Petroleum Engineering, China University of Petroleum (Beijing), Beijing 102249, China
| | - Haiyang Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Engineering, China University of Petroleum (Beijing), Beijing 102249, China (H.L.)
- MOE Key Laboratory of Petroleum Engineering, China University of Petroleum (Beijing), Beijing 102249, China
| | - Yanhua Lv
- National Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Engineering, China University of Petroleum (Beijing), Beijing 102249, China (H.L.)
- MOE Key Laboratory of Petroleum Engineering, China University of Petroleum (Beijing), Beijing 102249, China
| | - Lei Guo
- China Oilfield Services Ltd., Langfang 065201, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- China Oilfield Services Ltd., Langfang 065201, China
| | - Yunhai Bai
- Drilling & Production Technology Research Institute, CNPC Chuanqing Drilling Engineering Company Ltd., Xi’an 710129, China
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Huang N, Lv K, Sun J, Liu J, Wang J, Wang Z. Study on the Low-Temperature Rheology of Polar Drilling Fluid and Its Regulation Method. Gels 2023; 9:gels9020168. [PMID: 36826338 PMCID: PMC9957008 DOI: 10.3390/gels9020168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Drilling fluid is the blood of drilling engineering. In the polar drilling process, the ultra-low temperature environment puts high demands on the rheological performance of drilling fluids. In this paper, the effects of temperature, ice debris concentration and weighting agent on the rheological properties of drilling fluids were studied. It was found that the lower the temperature and the higher the ice debris concentration, the higher the drilling fluid viscosity, but when the ice debris concentration was below 2%, the drilling fluid rheology hardly changed. Secondly, the low temperature rheological properties of drilling fluid were adjusted by three different methods: base fluid ratio, organoclay, and polymers (dimer acid, polymethacrylate, ethylene propylene copolymer, and vinyl resin). The results showed that the base fluid rheological performance was optimal when the base fluid ratio was 7:3. Compared with polymers, organoclay has the most significant improvement on the low temperature rheological performance of drilling fluid. The main reason is that organoclay can transform the drilling fluid from Newtonian to non-Newtonian fluid, which exhibits excellent shear dilution of drilling fluid. The organoclay is also more uniformly dispersed in the oil, forming a denser weak gel mesh structure, so it is more effective in improving the cuttings carrying and suspension properties of drilling fluids. However, the drilling fluid containing polymer additives is still a Newtonian fluid, which cannot form a strong mesh structure at ultra-low temperatures, and thus cannot effectively improve the low-temperature rheological performance of drilling fluid. In addition, when the amount of organoclay is 2%, the improvement rate of the yield point reaches 250% at -55 °C, which can effectively improve the cuttings carrying and suspension performance of drilling fluid at ultra-low temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Huang
- Department of Petroleum Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China
- Key Laboratory of Unconventional Oil & Gas, Development Ministry of Education, Qingdao 266580, China
| | - Kaihe Lv
- Department of Petroleum Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China
- Key Laboratory of Unconventional Oil & Gas, Development Ministry of Education, Qingdao 266580, China
- Correspondence:
| | - Jinsheng Sun
- Department of Petroleum Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China
- Key Laboratory of Unconventional Oil & Gas, Development Ministry of Education, Qingdao 266580, China
| | - Jingping Liu
- Department of Petroleum Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China
- Key Laboratory of Unconventional Oil & Gas, Development Ministry of Education, Qingdao 266580, China
| | - Jintang Wang
- Department of Petroleum Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China
- Key Laboratory of Unconventional Oil & Gas, Development Ministry of Education, Qingdao 266580, China
| | - Zonglun Wang
- Department of Petroleum Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China
- Key Laboratory of Unconventional Oil & Gas, Development Ministry of Education, Qingdao 266580, China
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pH-responsive water-in-oil emulsions with reversible phase inversion behavior stabilized by a novel dynamic covalent surfactant. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2022.120004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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4
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Synthesis, aggregation behavior of alternating copolymer emulsifier in oil solution and its application in oil-based drilling fluids. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2021.118011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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5
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Zhang H, Zhu Z, Wu Z, Wang F, Xu B, Wang S, Zhang L. Investigation on the formation and stability of microemulsions with Gemini surfactants: DPD simulation. J DISPER SCI TECHNOL 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/01932691.2021.1961588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Haixia Zhang
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Safety, Binzhou University, Binzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhenxing Zhu
- Binzhou City Building and Design Institute, Binzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zongxu Wu
- Binzhou Dayou New Energy Development Company Limited, Binzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fang Wang
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Safety, Binzhou University, Binzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bin Xu
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Safety, Binzhou University, Binzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shoulong Wang
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Safety, Binzhou University, Binzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lijuan Zhang
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Safety, Binzhou University, Binzhou, People’s Republic of China
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Fayad MM, Mohamed DE, Soliman E, El-Fattah MA, Ibrahim S, Dardir M. Optimization of invert emulsion oil-based drilling fluids performance through heterocyclic imidazoline-based emulsifiers. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2020.126092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Shi H, Jiang G, Shi H, Luo S. Study on Morphology and Rheological Property of Organoclay Dispersions in Soybean Oil Fatty Acid Ethyl Ester over a Wide Temperature Range. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:1851-1861. [PMID: 32039321 PMCID: PMC7003210 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b03183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Accepted: 01/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
This work attempted to establish the relationship between the dispersion morphology and the viscous flow behavior of clay dispersions in soybean oil fatty acid ethyl ester (FAEE) at 2 and 65 °C. The clays used in this study include raw montmorillonite (Mt) and three kinds of organoclays prepared by ion exchange modification of Mt by cetyltrimethylammonium chloride (OC16), dihexadecyldimethylammonium chloride (ODC16), and trihexadecylmethylammonium chloride (OTC16), respectively. The X-ray diffraction and water contact angle results demonstrated that greater alkyl chain number of surfactants led to greater interlayer space and stronger hydrophobicity of organoclays. Due to the good affinity of the surfactant and FAEE, OC16 exhibited the most stable dispersion in FAEE between 2-65 °C, which resulted in the best flat rheological property. The molecular structures of multiple chain surfactants were quite different from that of FAEE, resulting in weak affinity between organoclays (ODC16 and OTC16) and FAEE. The sheets of ODC16 and OTC16 tended to aggregate at 2 °C, forming a gel structure, thus significantly increasing the low shear rate viscosity (LSRV) and yield stress. At 65 °C, with the expansion of FAEE and the stronger thermal motion of sheets, the dispersions of ODC16 and OTC16 were improved, destroying the original gel structure and resulting in significant decreases in LSRV and yield stress. This study confirmed that stable clay/FAEE dispersions tended to exhibit flat rheology, which could serve as a basis for the application of clay/biodiesel dispersion in deep-water drilling.
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Affiliation(s)
- He Shi
- State Key Laboratory
of Petroleum Resources and Prospecting, China University of Petroleum, (Beijing), Changping District, Beijing 102249, China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Petroleum Engineering, China University of Petroleum, (Beijing), Changping District, Beijing 102249, China
| | - Guancheng Jiang
- State Key Laboratory
of Petroleum Resources and Prospecting, China University of Petroleum, (Beijing), Changping District, Beijing 102249, China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Petroleum Engineering, China University of Petroleum, (Beijing), Changping District, Beijing 102249, China
| | - Haimin Shi
- PetroChina Jilin
Oilfield Company, Songyuan, Jilin 138000, China
| | - Shaojie Luo
- PetroChina Jilin
Oilfield Company, Songyuan, Jilin 138000, China
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Shi H, Jiang G, Yang L, Li C, Liu G, Luo J. Study on the formation mechanism of a flat rheology by poly(diethylenetriamine dimer acid amide) and organoclay in nonaqueous drilling fluids over a wide temperature range. J DISPER SCI TECHNOL 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/01932691.2020.1712215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- He Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Prospecting, China University of Petroleum, Beijing, China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Petroleum Engineering, China University of Petroleum, Beijing, China
| | - Guancheng Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Prospecting, China University of Petroleum, Beijing, China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Petroleum Engineering, China University of Petroleum, Beijing, China
| | - Lili Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Prospecting, China University of Petroleum, Beijing, China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Petroleum Engineering, China University of Petroleum, Beijing, China
| | - Chao Li
- Oilfield Chemicals Division, China Oilfield Services Limited, Yanjiao Town, Hebei, China
| | - Gang Liu
- Oilfield Chemicals Division, China Oilfield Services Limited, Yanjiao Town, Hebei, China
| | - Jiansheng Luo
- Oilfield Chemicals Division, China Oilfield Services Limited, Yanjiao Town, Hebei, China
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