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Caliskan E, Shishatskiy S, Abetz V, Filiz V. Pioneering the preparation of porous PIM-1 membranes for enhanced water vapor flow. RSC Adv 2024; 14:9631-9645. [PMID: 38525056 PMCID: PMC10958458 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra08398e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
In this study, porous polymers of intrinsic microporosity (PIM-1) membranes were prepared by non-solvent induced phase inversion (NIPS) and investigated for water vapor transport in view of their application in membrane distillation (MD). Due to the lack of high boiling point solvents for PIM-1 that are also water miscible, the mixture of tetrahydrofuran (THF) and N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) was found to be optimal for the formation of a membrane with a developed porous system both on the membrane surface and in the bulk. PIM-1 was synthesized by using low and high temperature methods to observe how molecular weight effects the membrane structure. Low molecular weight PIM-1 was produced at low temperatures, while high molecular weight PIM-1 was obtained at high temperatures. Several membranes were prepared, including PM-6, PM-9, and PM-11 from low molecular weight PIM-1, and PM-13 from high molecular weight PIM-1. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to image the surface and cross-section of different porous PIM-1 membranes. Among all the PIM-1 membranes (PM) obtained, PM-6, PM-9, PM-11 and PM-13 showed the most developed porous structure, while PM-13 showed large voids in the bulk of the membrane. Contact angle measurements showed that all PIM-1 porous membranes are highly hydrophobic. Liquid water flux measurements showed that PM-6, PM-9 and PM-11 showed minimal water fluxes due to small surface pore size, while PM-13 showed a high water flux due to a large surface pore size. Water vapor transport measurements showed high permeance values for all membranes, demonstrating the applicability of the developed membranes for MD. In addition, a thin film composite (TFC) membrane with PIM-1 selective layer was prepared and investigated for water vapor transport to compare with porous PIM-1 membranes. The TFC membrane showed an approximately 4-fold lower vapor permeance than porous membranes. Based on these results, we postulated that the use of porous PIM-1 membranes could be promising for MD due to their hydrophobic nature and the fact that the porous membranes allow vapor permeability through the membrane but not liquid water. The TFC membrane can be used in cases where the transfer of water-soluble contaminants must be absolutely avoided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esra Caliskan
- Institute of Membrane Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon Max-Planck-Str. 1 Geesthacht 21502 Germany +49-41-5287-2425
| | - Sergey Shishatskiy
- Institute of Membrane Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon Max-Planck-Str. 1 Geesthacht 21502 Germany +49-41-5287-2425
| | - Volker Abetz
- Institute of Membrane Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon Max-Planck-Str. 1 Geesthacht 21502 Germany +49-41-5287-2425
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Hamburg Martin-Luther-King-Platz 6 Hamburg 20146 Germany
| | - Volkan Filiz
- Institute of Membrane Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon Max-Planck-Str. 1 Geesthacht 21502 Germany +49-41-5287-2425
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Hollow-fiber mixed-matrix membrane impregnated with glutaraldehyde-crosslinked polyethyleneimine for the removal of lead from aqueous solutions. J Memb Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2022.121031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Qua MS, Zhao Y, Zhang J, Hernandez S, Paing AT, Mottaiyan K, Zuo J, Dhalla A, Chung TS, Gudipati C. Novel Sandwich-Structured Hollow Fiber Membrane for High-Efficiency Membrane Distillation and Scale-Up for Pilot Validation. MEMBRANES 2022; 12:423. [PMID: 35448394 PMCID: PMC9032867 DOI: 10.3390/membranes12040423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Hollow fiber membranes were produced from a commercial polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) polymer, Kynar HSV 900, with a unique sandwich structure consisting of two sponge-like layers connected to the outer and inner skin layers while the middle layer comprises macrovoids. The sponge-like layer allows the membrane to have good mechanical strength even at low skin thickness and favors water vapor transportation during vacuum membrane distillation (VMD). The middle layer with macrovoids helps to significantly reduce the trans-membrane resistance during water vapor transportation from the feed side to the permeate side. Together, these novel structural characteristics are expected to render the PVDF hollow fiber membranes more efficient in terms of vapor flux as well as mechanical integrity. Using the chemistry and process conditions adopted from previous work, we were able to scale up the membrane fabrication from a laboratory scale of 1.5 kg to a manufacturing scale of 50 kg with consistent membrane performance. The produced PVDF membrane, with a liquid entry pressure (LEPw) of >3 bar and a pure water flux of >30 L/m2·hr (LMH) under VMD conditions at 70−80 °C, is perfectly suitable for next-generation high-efficiency membranes for desalination and industrial wastewater applications. The technology translation efforts, including membrane and module scale-up as well as the preliminary pilot-scale validation study, are discussed in detail in this paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marn Soon Qua
- Separation Technologies Applied Research and Translation Centre (START), Nanyang Technological University–NTUitive Pte Ltd., Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637141, Singapore; (M.S.Q.); (Y.Z.); (J.Z.); (S.H.); (A.T.P.); (K.M.); (A.D.)
| | - Yan Zhao
- Separation Technologies Applied Research and Translation Centre (START), Nanyang Technological University–NTUitive Pte Ltd., Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637141, Singapore; (M.S.Q.); (Y.Z.); (J.Z.); (S.H.); (A.T.P.); (K.M.); (A.D.)
| | - Junyou Zhang
- Separation Technologies Applied Research and Translation Centre (START), Nanyang Technological University–NTUitive Pte Ltd., Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637141, Singapore; (M.S.Q.); (Y.Z.); (J.Z.); (S.H.); (A.T.P.); (K.M.); (A.D.)
| | - Sebastian Hernandez
- Separation Technologies Applied Research and Translation Centre (START), Nanyang Technological University–NTUitive Pte Ltd., Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637141, Singapore; (M.S.Q.); (Y.Z.); (J.Z.); (S.H.); (A.T.P.); (K.M.); (A.D.)
| | - Aung Thet Paing
- Separation Technologies Applied Research and Translation Centre (START), Nanyang Technological University–NTUitive Pte Ltd., Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637141, Singapore; (M.S.Q.); (Y.Z.); (J.Z.); (S.H.); (A.T.P.); (K.M.); (A.D.)
| | - Karikalan Mottaiyan
- Separation Technologies Applied Research and Translation Centre (START), Nanyang Technological University–NTUitive Pte Ltd., Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637141, Singapore; (M.S.Q.); (Y.Z.); (J.Z.); (S.H.); (A.T.P.); (K.M.); (A.D.)
| | - Jian Zuo
- Food, Chemical and Biotechnology Singapore Institute of Technology, Singapore 637141, Singapore;
| | - Adil Dhalla
- Separation Technologies Applied Research and Translation Centre (START), Nanyang Technological University–NTUitive Pte Ltd., Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637141, Singapore; (M.S.Q.); (Y.Z.); (J.Z.); (S.H.); (A.T.P.); (K.M.); (A.D.)
| | - Tai-Shung Chung
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 637141, Singapore
- Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Technology, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 10607, Taiwan
| | - Chakravarthy Gudipati
- Separation Technologies Applied Research and Translation Centre (START), Nanyang Technological University–NTUitive Pte Ltd., Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637141, Singapore; (M.S.Q.); (Y.Z.); (J.Z.); (S.H.); (A.T.P.); (K.M.); (A.D.)
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Formation of Polysulfone Hollow Fiber Membranes Using the Systems with Lower Critical Solution Temperature. FIBERS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/fib9050028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This study deals with the investigation of the phase state of the polymer systems from polysulfone (PSF) with the addition of polyethylene glycol (PEG-400, Mn = 400 g·mol−1) and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP K-30, Mn = 40,000 g·mol−1) in N,N-dimethylacetamide (DMA), which feature lower critical solution temperatures (LCSTs). A fragment of the phase state diagram of the system PSF —PEG-400—PVP K-30—DMA was experimentally constructed in the following range of component concentrations: PSF 20–24 wt.%, PEG-400—35–38 wt.% and PVP—0–8 wt.%. It has been established that PVP addition substantially reduces the phase separation temperature down to 50–60 °C. Based on the obtained phase diagrams, a method for preparation of highly permeable hollow fiber membranes from PSF, which involves the processing of the dope solution at a temperature close to the LCST and the temperature of the bore fluid above the LCST, was proposed. Hollow fiber membranes with pure water flux of 1200 L·m−2·h−1 and a sponge-like macrovoid-free structure were obtained via LCST-thermally induced phase separation by free fall spinning technique.
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Liu M, Zhao LB, Yu LY, Wei YM, Xu ZL. Structure and Properties of PSf Hollow Fiber Membranes with Different Molecular Weight Hyperbranched Polyester Using Pentaerythritol as Core. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:E383. [PMID: 32046341 PMCID: PMC7077391 DOI: 10.3390/polym12020383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Revised: 02/01/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A homologous series of hyperbranched polyesters (HBPEs) was successfully synthesized via an esterification reaction of 2,2-bis(methylol)propionic acid (bis-MPA) with pentaerythritol. The molecular weights of the HBPEs were 2160, 2660, 4150 and 5840 g/mol, respectively. These HBPEs were used as additives to prepare polysulfone (PSf) hollow fiber membranes via non-solvent induced phase separation. The characteristic behaviors of the casting solution were investigated, as well as the morphologies, hydrophilicity and mechanical properties of the PSf membranes. The results showed that the initial viscosities of the casting solutions were increased, and the shear-thinning phenomenon became increasingly obvious. The demixing rate first increased and then decreased when increasing the HBPE molecular weight, and the turning point was 2660 g/mol. The PSf hollow fiber membranes with different molecular weights of HBPEs had a co-existing morphology of double finger-like and sponge-like structures. The starting pure water contact angle decreased obviously, and the mechanical properties improved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Liu
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymeric Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology (ECUST), 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Long-Bao Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Membrane Science and Engineering R&D Lab, Chemical Engineering Research Center, ECUST, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China; (L.-B.Z.); (Y.-M.W.)
| | - Li-Yun Yu
- Danish Polymer Center, Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Building 227, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark;
| | - Yong-Ming Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Membrane Science and Engineering R&D Lab, Chemical Engineering Research Center, ECUST, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China; (L.-B.Z.); (Y.-M.W.)
| | - Zhen-Liang Xu
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymeric Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology (ECUST), 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Membrane Science and Engineering R&D Lab, Chemical Engineering Research Center, ECUST, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China; (L.-B.Z.); (Y.-M.W.)
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Liu M, Ladegaard Skov A, Liu SH, Yu LY, Xu ZL. A Facile Way to Prepare Hydrophilic Homogeneous PES Hollow Fiber Membrane via Non-Solvent Assisted Reverse Thermally Induced Phase Separation (RTIPS) Method. Polymers (Basel) 2019; 11:E269. [PMID: 30960253 PMCID: PMC6419047 DOI: 10.3390/polym11020269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2019] [Revised: 01/28/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Sulfonated polyethersulfone (SPES) was used as an additive to prepare hydrophilic poly(ethersulfone) (PES) hollow fiber membranes via non-solvent assisted reverse thermally induced phase separation (RTIPS) process. The PES/SPES/N,N-dimethylacetamide (DMAc)/ polyethylene glycol 200 (PEG200) casting solutions are lower critical solution temperature (LCST) membrane forming systems. The LCST and phase separation rate increased with the increase of SPES concentrations, while the casting solutions showed shear thinning. When the membrane forming temperature was higher than the LCST, membrane formation mechanism was controlled by non-solvent assisted RTIPS process and the also membranes presented a more porous structure on the surface and a bi-continuous structure on the cross section. The membranes prepared by applying SPES present higher pure water flux than that of the pure PES membrane. The advantages of the SPES additive are reflected by the relatively high flux, good hydrophilicity and excellent mechanical properties at 0.5 wt.% SPES content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Liu
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymeric Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology (ECUST), 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China.
- Danish Polymer Center, Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Building 227, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark.
| | - Anne Ladegaard Skov
- Danish Polymer Center, Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Building 227, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark.
| | - Sheng-Hui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Membrane Science and Engineering R&D Lab, Chemical Engineering Research Center, East China University of Science and Technology (ECUST), 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China.
| | - Li-Yun Yu
- Danish Polymer Center, Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Building 227, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark.
| | - Zhen-Liang Xu
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymeric Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology (ECUST), 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Membrane Science and Engineering R&D Lab, Chemical Engineering Research Center, East China University of Science and Technology (ECUST), 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China.
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Xiang J, Hua X, Dong X, Cheng P, Zhang L, Du W, Tang N. Effect of nonsolvent additives on PES ultrafiltration membrane pore structure. J Appl Polym Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/app.47525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Xiang
- College of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science; Tianjin University of Science & Technology; Tianjin 300457 People's Republic of China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Marine Resources and Chemistry; Tianjin University of Science & Technology; Tianjin 300457 People's Republic of China
| | - Xinxin Hua
- College of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science; Tianjin University of Science & Technology; Tianjin 300457 People's Republic of China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Marine Resources and Chemistry; Tianjin University of Science & Technology; Tianjin 300457 People's Republic of China
| | - Xingfeng Dong
- College of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science; Tianjin University of Science & Technology; Tianjin 300457 People's Republic of China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Marine Resources and Chemistry; Tianjin University of Science & Technology; Tianjin 300457 People's Republic of China
| | - Penggao Cheng
- College of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science; Tianjin University of Science & Technology; Tianjin 300457 People's Republic of China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Marine Resources and Chemistry; Tianjin University of Science & Technology; Tianjin 300457 People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Zhang
- College of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science; Tianjin University of Science & Technology; Tianjin 300457 People's Republic of China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Marine Resources and Chemistry; Tianjin University of Science & Technology; Tianjin 300457 People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Du
- College of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science; Tianjin University of Science & Technology; Tianjin 300457 People's Republic of China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Marine Resources and Chemistry; Tianjin University of Science & Technology; Tianjin 300457 People's Republic of China
| | - Na Tang
- College of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science; Tianjin University of Science & Technology; Tianjin 300457 People's Republic of China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Marine Resources and Chemistry; Tianjin University of Science & Technology; Tianjin 300457 People's Republic of China
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