1
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Akbari Kenari M, Sabour Rouhaghdam A, Barati Darband G. Engineering superhydrophilic Ni-Se-P on Ni-Co nanosheets-nanocones arrays for enhanced hydrogen production assisted by hydrazine oxidation reaction. J Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 678:828-841. [PMID: 39270384 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2024.09.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Revised: 08/28/2024] [Accepted: 09/05/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024]
Abstract
The production of hydrogen gas as an environmentally friendly and emission-free fuel source, has emerged as the preeminent substitute for traditional fossil fuels. The demand for a viable and low-cost substitute of the anodic Oxygen Evolution Reaction (OER) in hydrogen gas production has led researchers to explore the Hydrazine Oxidation Reaction (HzOR), aiming to reduce overpotential. In this study, we present the synthesis of a NiSeP@NiCo/Cu electrocatalyst via electrodeposition method, offering precise control over parameter adjustments and an affordable price. The binder-free nanosheet structure of this electrocatalyst demonstrates improved performance in water electrolysis, resulting in potentials of -40 and -134 mV vs. Reversible Hydrogen Electrode (RHE) for Hydrogen Evolution Reaction (HER) and 0.041 and 0.194 V (vs. RHE) for HzOR (i = 10 and 100 mA.cm-2). The electrode has excellent features, including active electrochemical surface, synergistic effects among the elements, high stability, super-hydrophilicity and super-aerophobicity. The Bi-functional performance of electrode was tested in a two-electrode set for HER/HzOR, the cell voltage required to reach current densities of 10 and 100 mA.cm-2 were determined as 0.071 and 0.298 V respectively. On the whole, this work presents the excellent capabilities of the synthesized electrode (NiSeP@NiCo/Cu) for hydrogen gas production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maede Akbari Kenari
- Department of Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Tarbiat Modares University, P.O. Box: 14115-143, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Sabour Rouhaghdam
- Department of Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Tarbiat Modares University, P.O. Box: 14115-143, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ghasem Barati Darband
- Materials and Metallurgical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad 91775-1111, Iran.
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2
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Hewage N, Damunupola D, Zeller M, Brückner C. Direct Oxidations of meso-Tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)porphyrin: Porphotrilactones and Entry into a Nonbiological Porphyrin Degradation Pathway. J Org Chem 2024; 89:6584-6589. [PMID: 38652047 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.4c00283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
The direct oxidations of meso-tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)porphyrin using cetyltrimethylammonium permanganate (CTAP), RuCl3/Oxone/base or Ag+/oxalic acid each generate distinctive product mixtures that may contain, inter alia, porpho-mono-, di-, and trilactones. The CTAP and RuCl3/Oxone/base oxidations also generate a unique open chain tripyrrin derived from the degradation of a porpholactone oxazolone moiety. Thus, its formation and structure are distinctly different from all biological or nearly all other nonbiological biliverdin-like linear porphyrinoid degradation products that are derived from ring cleavages between the pyrrolic building blocks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nisansala Hewage
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269-3060, United States
| | - Dinusha Damunupola
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269-3060, United States
| | - Matthias Zeller
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, 560 Oval Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-2084, United States
| | - Christian Brückner
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269-3060, United States
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3
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Xue H, Wu ZY, Zhang JL. Fluorination of porphyrin β-periphery boosts nickel(II)-catalyzed hydrogen evolution reaction. J Inorg Biochem 2024; 254:112516. [PMID: 38471287 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2024.112516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
Tunichlorin, the naturally occurring chlorophyll cofactor containing Ni(II) ion, sets up a golden standard for designing the electrocatalysts for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) via β-peripheral modification. Besides the fine-tuning of the porphyrin β-periphery such as adjusting the aromatics (the saturated level of tetrapyrrole) or installing hydroxyl group (hydrogen bond network) to enhance the catalytic HER efficiency, here we report that β-fluorination of porphyrin is also an important approach to increase the reactivity of Ni(II) center. Benefiting the previously reported derivatization of β-fluorinated porpholactones, we constructed a β-fluorinated tunichlorin mimic (6). Compared with the non-fluorinated analogs (1, 3, and 5), we found that 2, 4, and 6 exhibit significant electrocatalytic HER reactivity acceleration (in terms of turnover frequencies, TOF, s-1) of ca. 37, 170, 133-fold, respectively. Mechanism studies suggested that β-fluorination negatively shifts the metal complexes' reduction potentials and accelerates the electron transfer process, both contributing to the boosting of HER reaction. Notably, 6 showed an 890-fold increase of TOFs than 1, demonstrating the combining advantages of the of fluorination, hydrogenation, and hydroxylation at porphyrin β-periphery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haozong Xue
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, PR China
| | - Zhuo-Yan Wu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, PR China
| | - Jun-Long Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, PR China.
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4
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Peng X, Zhang M, Qin H, Han J, Xu Y, Li W, Zhang XP, Zhang W, Apfel UP, Cao R. Switching Electrocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution Pathways through Electronic Tuning of Copper Porphyrins. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202401074. [PMID: 38311965 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202401074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024]
Abstract
The electronic structure of metal complexes plays key roles in determining their catalytic features. However, controlling electronic structures to regulate reaction mechanisms is of fundamental interest but has been rarely presented. Herein, we report electronic tuning of Cu porphyrins to switch pathways of the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). Through controllable and regioselective β-oxidation of Cu porphyrin 1, we synthesized analogues 2-4 with one or two β-lactone groups in either a cis or trans configuration. Complexes 1-4 have the same Cu-N4 core site but different electronic structures. Although β-oxidation led to large anodic shifts of reductions, 1-4 displayed similar HER activities in terms of close overpotentials. With electrochemical, chemical and theoretical results, we show that the catalytically active species switches from a CuI species for 1 to a Cu0 species for 4. This work is thus significant to present mechanism-controllable HER via electronic tuning of catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyang Peng
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Mengchun Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Haonan Qin
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Jinxiu Han
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Yuhan Xu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Wenzi Li
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Xue-Peng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Ulf-Peter Apfel
- Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Fakultät für Chemie und Biochemie, Anorganische Chemie I, Universitätsstrasse 150, 44801, Bochum, Germany
- Fraunhofer UMSICHT, Osterfelder Strasse 3, 46047, Oberhausen, Germany
| | - Rui Cao
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
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5
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Ocuane N, Ge Y, Sandoval-Pauker C, Villagrán D. Bifunctional porphyrin-based metal-organic polymers for electrochemical water splitting. Dalton Trans 2024; 53:2306-2317. [PMID: 38204353 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt03371f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Electrochemical water splitting offers the potential for environmentally friendly hydrogen and oxygen gas generation. Here, we present the synthesis, characterization, and electrochemical analyses of four organic polymers where metalloporphyrins are the active center nodes. These materials were obtained from the polymerization reaction of poly(p-phenylene terephtalamide) (PPTA) with the respective amino-functionalized metalloporphyrins, where M = Fe, 1; Co, 2; Ni, 3; Cu, 4. Scanning and transmission electron microscopy images (SEM and TEM) show that these polymers exhibit a layer-type morphology, which is attributed to hydrogen bonding and π-π stacking between the metalloporphyrin nodes. The synthesized materials were characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), UV-Vis spectroscopy, and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). Among the materials studied, the cobalt-based polymer, 2, demonstrates a bifunctional electrocatalytic activity for oxygen (OER) and hydrogen (HER) evolution reactions with overpotentials (η10) of 337 mV and 435 mV, respectively. The Fe, 1, and Ni, 2, polymers are less active for HER with maximum current densities (jmax) of 12.6 and 19.1 mA cm-2 and η10 678 mV, 644 mV. Polymer 2 achieves a jmax of 37.7 mA cm-2 for HER and 133 mA cm-2 for OER. The copper-based material, 4, on the other hand, shows selectivity towards HER with an overpotential (η) of 436 mV and a maximum current density (j) of 45.5 mA cm-2. The bifunctional electrocatalytic performance was tested in the overall water-splitting setup, where polymer 2 requires a cell voltage of 1.64 V at 10 mA cm-2. This work presents a novel approach to heterogenized molecular systems, providing materials with exceptional structural characteristics and enhanced electrocatalytic capabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neidy Ocuane
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas - El Paso, El Paso, Texas 79968, USA.
| | - Yulu Ge
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas - El Paso, El Paso, Texas 79968, USA.
| | - Christian Sandoval-Pauker
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas - El Paso, El Paso, Texas 79968, USA.
| | - Dino Villagrán
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas - El Paso, El Paso, Texas 79968, USA.
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6
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Cao S, Kim D, Lee W, Hong S. Photocatalytic Enantioselective Hydrosulfonylation of α,β-Unsaturated Carbonyls with Sulfonyl Chlorides. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202312780. [PMID: 37782249 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202312780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 10/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
This research explores the enantioselective hydrosulfonylation of various α,β-unsaturated carbonyl compounds via the use of visible light and redox-active chiral Ni-catalysis, facilitating the synthesis of enantioenriched α-chiral sulfones with remarkable enantioselectivity (exceeding 99 % ee). A significant challenge entails enhancing the reactivity between chiral metal-coordinated carbonyl compounds and moderate electrophilic sulfonyl radicals, aiming to minimize the background reactions. The success of our approach stems from two distinctive attributes: 1) the Cl-atom abstraction employed for sulfonyl radical generation from sulfonyl chlorides, and 2) the single-electron reduction to produce a key enolate radical Ni-complex. The latter process appears to enhance the feasibility of the sulfonyl radical's addition to the electron-rich enolate radical. An in-depth investigation into the reaction mechanism, supported by both experimental observations and theoretical analysis, offers insight into the intricate reaction process. Moreover, the versatility of our methodology is highlighted through its successful application in the late-stage functionalization of complex bioactive molecules, demonstrating its practicality as a strategy for producing α-chiral sulfones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi Cao
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Doyoung Kim
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Wooseok Lee
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungwoo Hong
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
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7
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Lemon CM. Diversifying the functions of heme proteins with non-porphyrin cofactors. J Inorg Biochem 2023; 246:112282. [PMID: 37320889 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2023.112282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Heme proteins perform diverse biochemical functions using a single iron porphyrin cofactor. This versatility makes them attractive platforms for the development of new functional proteins. While directed evolution and metal substitution have expanded the properties, reactivity, and applications of heme proteins, the incorporation of porphyrin analogs remains an underexplored approach. This review discusses the replacement of heme with non-porphyrin cofactors, such as porphycene, corrole, tetradehydrocorrin, phthalocyanine, and salophen, and the attendant properties of these conjugates. While structurally similar, each ligand exhibits distinct optical and redox properties, as well as unique chemical reactivity. These hybrids serve as model systems to elucidate the effects of the protein environment on the electronic structure, redox potentials, optical properties, or other features of the porphyrin analog. Protein encapsulation can confer distinct chemical reactivity or selectivity of artificial metalloenzymes that cannot be achieved with the small molecule catalyst alone. Additionally, these conjugates can interfere with heme acquisition and uptake in pathogenic bacteria, providing an inroad to innovative antibiotic strategies. Together, these examples illustrate the diverse functionality that can be achieved by cofactor substitution. The further expansion of this approach will access unexplored chemical space, enabling the development of superior catalysts and the creation of heme proteins with emergent properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher M Lemon
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Montana State University, PO Box 173400, Bozeman, MT 59717, United States.
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8
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Heppe N, Gallenkamp C, Paul S, Segura-Salas N, von Rhein N, Kaiser B, Jaegermann W, Jafari A, Sergueev I, Krewald V, Kramm UI. Substituent Effects in Iron Porphyrin Catalysts for the Hydrogen Evolution Reaction. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202202465. [PMID: 36301727 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202202465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
For a future hydrogen economy, non-precious metal catalysts for the water splitting reactions are needed that can be implemented on a global scale. Metal-nitrogen-carbon (MNC) catalysts with active sites constituting a metal center with fourfold coordination of nitrogen (MN4 ) show promising performance, but an optimization rooted in structure-property relationships has been hampered by their low structural definition. Porphyrin model complexes are studied to transfer insights from well-defined molecules to MNC systems. This work combines experiment and theory to evaluate the influence of porphyrin substituents on the electronic and electrocatalytic properties of MN4 centers with respect to the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) in aqueous electrolyte. We found that the choice of substituent affects their utilization on the carbon support and their electrocatalytic performance. We propose an HER mechanism for supported iron porphyrin complexes involving a [FeII (P⋅)]- radical anion intermediate, in which a porphinic nitrogen atom acts as an internal base. While this work focuses on the HER, the limited influence of a simultaneous interaction with the support and an aqueous electrolyte will likely be transferrable to other catalytic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nils Heppe
- Catalysts and Electrocatalysts, Department of Chemistry, Eduard-Zintl-Insitute for Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Technical University Darmstadt, Otto-Berndt-Str. 3, 64287, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Charlotte Gallenkamp
- Catalysts and Electrocatalysts, Department of Chemistry, Eduard-Zintl-Insitute for Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Technical University Darmstadt, Otto-Berndt-Str. 3, 64287, Darmstadt, Germany.,Department of Chemistry, Theoretical Chemistry, Technical University Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Str. 4, 64287, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Stephen Paul
- Catalysts and Electrocatalysts, Department of Chemistry, Eduard-Zintl-Insitute for Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Technical University Darmstadt, Otto-Berndt-Str. 3, 64287, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Nicole Segura-Salas
- Catalysts and Electrocatalysts, Department of Chemistry, Eduard-Zintl-Insitute for Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Technical University Darmstadt, Otto-Berndt-Str. 3, 64287, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Niklas von Rhein
- Department of Chemistry, Theoretical Chemistry, Technical University Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Str. 4, 64287, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Bernhard Kaiser
- Institute of Materials Science, Surface Science Division, Technical University Darmstadt, Otto-Berndt-Str. 3, 64287, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Wolfram Jaegermann
- Institute of Materials Science, Surface Science Division, Technical University Darmstadt, Otto-Berndt-Str. 3, 64287, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Atefeh Jafari
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, Notkestraße 85, 22607, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ilya Sergueev
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, Notkestraße 85, 22607, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Vera Krewald
- Department of Chemistry, Theoretical Chemistry, Technical University Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Str. 4, 64287, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Ulrike I Kramm
- Catalysts and Electrocatalysts, Department of Chemistry, Eduard-Zintl-Insitute for Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Technical University Darmstadt, Otto-Berndt-Str. 3, 64287, Darmstadt, Germany
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9
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Xue S, Lv X, Liu N, Zhang Q, Lei H, Cao R, Qiu F. Electrocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution of Bent Bis(dipyrrin) Ni(II) Complexes. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:1679-1685. [PMID: 36634365 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c04097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Planar Ni(II) porphyrinoid complexes have been widely used in electrochemical carbon dioxide reduction reaction and oxygen reduction reaction as well as hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). However, nonplanar Ni(II) tetra-pyrrolic complexes have not been thoroughly investigated thus far. In this study, three highly bent bis(dipyrrin) Ni(II) complexes have been synthesized to investigate their structure, electronic property, and electrocatalytic HER activities. Cyclic voltammetry and thin-layer UV-visible spectroelectrochemistry studies revealed four redox processes, yielding two reduced species as the final products. The ic/ip values of phenyl- and pentafluorophenyl-bearing bis(dipyrrin) Ni(II) complexes were >30 when trifluoroacetic acid was used as the proton source, and their Faradaic efficiencies for H2 generation were >93%. Density functional theory calculations of the HERs revealed low endothermic energies of bent bis(dipyrrin) Ni(II) complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songlin Xue
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Xiaojuan Lv
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Ningchao Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Qingxin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China
| | - Haitao Lei
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China
| | - Rui Cao
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China
| | - Fengxian Qiu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, China
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10
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Hewage N, Guberman-Pfeffer MJ, Chaudhri N, Zeller M, Gascón JA, Brückner C. Syntheses and Aromaticity Parameters of Hexahydroxypyrrocorphin, Porphotrilactones, and Their Oxidation State Intermediates. J Org Chem 2022; 87:12096-12108. [PMID: 36066858 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c01202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Triple OsO4-mediated dihydroxylation of meso-tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)porphyrin formed a non-aromatic hexahydroxypyrrocorphin as a single stereo-isomer. A one-step oxidative conversion of all three diol functionalities to lactone moieties generated three out of the four possible porphotrilactone regioisomers that were spectroscopically and structurally characterized. This conversion recovered most of the porphyrinic macrocycle aromatic ring current, as seen in their 1H NMR spectra and modeled using DFT computations. Stepwise OsO4-mediated dihydroxylations of porpho-mono- and -di-lactones generated intermediate oxidation state compounds between the pyrrole-three pyrroline macrocycle of the pyrrocorphin and the pyrrole-three oxazolone chromophore of the trilactones. The aromaticity of these chromophores was reduced with increasing number of oxazolone to pyrroline replacements, showing the importance for the presence of three lactone moieties for the retention of the macrocycle aromaticity in the tris-β,β'-modified macrocycles. This work first describes hexahydoxypyrrocorphins, porphotrislactones, and the oxidation state intermediates between them; furthers the understanding of the roles of β-lactone moieties in the expression of porphyrinic macrocycle aromaticity; and generally broadens access to chemically stable pyrrocorphins and pyrrocorphin analogues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nisansala Hewage
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, Unit 3060, Storrs, Connecticut 06269-3060, United States
| | - Matthew J Guberman-Pfeffer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, Unit 3060, Storrs, Connecticut 06269-3060, United States
| | - Nivedita Chaudhri
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, Unit 3060, Storrs, Connecticut 06269-3060, United States
| | - Matthias Zeller
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, 560 Oval Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-2084, United States
| | - José A Gascón
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, Unit 3060, Storrs, Connecticut 06269-3060, United States
| | - Christian Brückner
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, Unit 3060, Storrs, Connecticut 06269-3060, United States
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11
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Chaturvedi A, McCarver GA, Sinha S, Hix EG, Vogiatzis KD, Jiang J. A PEGylated Tin Porphyrin Complex for Electrocatalytic Proton Reduction: Mechanistic Insights into Main‐Group‐Element Catalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202206325. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202206325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ashwin Chaturvedi
- Department of Chemistry University of Cincinnati Cincinnati OH 45221 USA
| | - Gavin A. McCarver
- Department of Chemistry University of Tennessee Knoxville TN 37996-1600 USA
| | - Soumalya Sinha
- Department of Chemistry University of Cincinnati Cincinnati OH 45221 USA
| | - Elijah G. Hix
- Department of Chemistry University of Tennessee Knoxville TN 37996-1600 USA
| | | | - Jianbing Jiang
- Department of Chemistry University of Cincinnati Cincinnati OH 45221 USA
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12
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Chaturvedi A, McCarver GA, Sinha S, Hix EG, Vogiatzis KD, Jiang JJ. A PEGylated Tin‐Porphyrin Complex for Electrocatalytic Proton Reduction: Mechanistic Insights into Main‐Group Element Catalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202206325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ashwin Chaturvedi
- University of Cincinnati Chemistry 312 College Dr. 45221 Cincinnati UNITED STATES
| | - Gavin A McCarver
- UT Knoxville: The University of Tennessee Knoxville Chemistry UNITED STATES
| | | | - Elijah G Hix
- UT Knoxville: The University of Tennessee Knoxville Chemistry UNITED STATES
| | - Konstantinos D Vogiatzis
- UT Knoxville: The University of Tennessee Knoxville Chemistry Buehler Hall1420 Circle Dr. 37996 Knoxville UNITED STATES
| | - Jianbing Jimmy Jiang
- University of Cincinnati Chemistry 312 College Dr. 45221 Cincinnati UNITED STATES
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13
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Zhang Q, Lei H, Guo H, Wang Y, Gao Y, Zhang W, Cao R. Through-Space Electrostatic Effects of Positively Charged Substituents on the Hydrogen Evolution Reaction. CHEMSUSCHEM 2022; 15:e202200086. [PMID: 35156337 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202200086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Elucidating the effects of various structural components on energy-related small molecule activation is of fundamental and practical significance. Herein the inhibition effect of positively charged substituents on the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) was reported. With the use of Cu porphyrins 1-5 containing different numbers and locations of positively charged substituents, it was demonstrated that their electrocatalytic HER activities significantly decreased when more cationic units were located close to the Cu ion: the icat /ip (icat is the catalytic peak current, ip is the one-electron reduction peak current) value decreased from 38 with zero cationic unit to 15 with four closely located cationic units. Inspired by this result, Cu porphyrin 6, with four meso-phenyl groups each bearing a negatively charged para-sulfonic substituent, was designed. With these anionic units, 6 outperformed the other Cu porphyrins for electrocatalytic HER under the same conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingxin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, P. R. China
| | - Haitao Lei
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, P. R. China
| | - Hongbo Guo
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, P. R. China
| | - Yabo Wang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, P. R. China
| | - Yimei Gao
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, P. R. China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, P. R. China
| | - Rui Cao
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, P. R. China
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14
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Yao Y, Ran G, Hou CL, Zhang R, Mangel DN, Yang ZS, Zhu M, Zhang W, Zhang J, Sessler JL, Gao S, Zhang JL. Nonaromatic Organonickel(II) Phototheranostics. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:7346-7356. [PMID: 35420807 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c00710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Earth-abundant metal-based theranostics, agents that integrate diagnostic and therapeutic functions within the same molecule, may hold the key to the development of low-cost personalized medicines. Here, we report a set of O-linked nonaromatic benzitripyrrin (C^N^N^N) macrocyclic organonickel(II) complexes, Ni-1-4, containing strong σ-donating M-C bonds. Complexes Ni-1-4 are characterized by a square-planar coordination geometry as inferred from the structural studies of Ni-1. They integrate photothermal therapy, photothermal imaging, and photoacoustic imaging (PAI) within one system. This makes them attractive as potential phototheranostics. Relative to traditional Ni(II) porphyrins, such as F20TPP (tetrapentafluorophenylporphyrin), the lowest energy absorption of Ni-1 is shifted into the near infrared region, presumably as a consequence of Ni-C bonding. Ultrafast transient absorption spectroscopy combined with theoretical calculations revealed that, upon photoexcitation, a higher population of ligand-centered and 3MLCT states is seen in Ni-1 relative to NiTPBP (TPBP = 6,11,16,21-tetraphenylbenziporphyrin). Encapsulating Ni-1 in 1,2-distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine-N-[methoxy(polyethylene glycol)-2000] (DSPE-PEG2000) afforded nanoparticles, Ni-1@DSPE, displaying red-shifted absorption features, as well as good photothermal conversion efficiency (∼45%) in aqueous media. Proof-of-principle experiments involving thrombus treatment were carried out both in vitro and in vivo. It was found that Ni-1@DSPE in combination with 785 nm photo-irradiation for 3 min (0.3 W/cm2) proved successful in removing blood clots from a mouse thrombus model as monitored by photoacoustic imaging (PAI). The present work highlights the promise of organonickel(II) complexes as potential theranostics and the benefits that can accrue from manipulating the excited-state features of early transition-metal complexes via, for example, interrupting π-conjugation pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhang Yao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China
| | - Guangliu Ran
- Center for Advanced Quantum Studies, Department of Physics and Applied Optics Beijing Area Major Laboratory, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, P. R. China
| | - Chun-Liang Hou
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Ruijing Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China
| | - Daniel N Mangel
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712-1224, United States
| | - Zi-Shu Yang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China
| | - Mengliang Zhu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China
| | - Wenkai Zhang
- Center for Advanced Quantum Studies, Department of Physics and Applied Optics Beijing Area Major Laboratory, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, P. R. China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Jonathan L Sessler
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712-1224, United States
| | - Song Gao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China.,Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Shantou 515031, P. R. China.,The Institute of Spin Science and Technology, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, P. R. China
| | - Jun-Long Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China.,Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Shantou 515031, P. R. China
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15
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Chen QC, Fite S, Fridman N, Tumanskii B, Mahammed A, Gross Z. Hydrogen Evolution Catalyzed by Corrole-Chelated Nickel Complexes, Characterized in all Catalysis-Relevant Oxidation States. ACS Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.1c05243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qiu-Cheng Chen
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Technion−Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel
| | - Shachar Fite
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Technion−Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel
| | - Natalia Fridman
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Technion−Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel
| | - Boris Tumanskii
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Technion−Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel
| | - Atif Mahammed
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Technion−Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel
| | - Zeev Gross
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Technion−Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel
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16
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Thuita DW, Brückner C. Metal Complexes of Porphyrinoids Containing Nonpyrrolic Heterocycles. Chem Rev 2022; 122:7990-8052. [PMID: 35302354 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The replacement of one or more pyrrolic building block(s) of a porphyrin by a nonpyrrolic heterocycle leads to the formation of so-called pyrrole-modified porphyrins (PMPs), porphyrinoids of broad structural variability. The wide range of coordination environments (type, number, charge, and architecture of the donor atoms) that the pyrrole-modified frameworks provide to the central metal ions, the frequent presence of donor atoms at their periphery, and their often observed nonplanarity or conformational flexibility distinguish the complexes of the PMPs clearly from those of the traditional square-planar, dianionic, N4-coordinating (hydro)porphyrins. Their different coordination properties suggest their utilization in areas beyond which regular metalloporphyrins are suitable. Following a general introduction to the synthetic methodologies available to generate pyrrole-modified porphyrins, their general structure, history, coordination chemistry, and optical properties, this Review highlights the chemical, electronic (optical), and structural differences of specific classes of metalloporphyrinoids containing nonpyrrolic heterocycles. The focus is on macrocycles with similar "tetrapyrrolic" architectures as porphyrins, thusly excluding the majority of expanded porphyrins. We highlight the relevance and application of these metal complexes in biological and technical fields as chemosensors, catalysts, photochemotherapeutics, or imaging agents. This Review provides an introduction to the field of metallo-PMPs as well as a comprehensive snapshot of the current state of the art of their synthesis, structures, and properties. It also aims to provide encouragement for the further study of these intriguing and structurally versatile metalloporphyrinoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damaris Waiyigo Thuita
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269-3060, United States
| | - Christian Brückner
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269-3060, United States
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17
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Zhou Z, Koide T, Shiota Y, Yano Y, Xu N, Ono T, Shimakoshi H, Yoshizawa K, isaeda Y. Synthesis, redox properties, and catalytic hydrogen gas generation of porphycene cobalt complexes. J PORPHYR PHTHALOCYA 2022. [DOI: 10.1142/s108842462250016x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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18
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Zhang Z, Koide T, Zhou Z, Shimakoshi H, Hisaeda Y. Redox behavior of iridium octaethylporphycene and electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution. J PORPHYR PHTHALOCYA 2021. [DOI: 10.1142/s108842462150053x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The electrochemical properties of [Formula: see text]-octaethylporphycene iridium complex (Ir-OEPo) were determined. Based on the electro-spectro measurement results, the reduction of Ir-OEPo did not occur at the central metal but at the ligand, while the reduction of [Formula: see text]-octaethylporphyrin iridium complex (Ir-OEPor) occurred at the central iridium. A catalytic current was observed during the cyclic voltammetry (CV) measurements with trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) under a reductive condition, indicating the catalytic reactivity of Ir-OEPo for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). By constant potential electrolysis, hydrogen gas was detected by gas chromatography (GC) and the catalytic reactivity of Ir-OEPo was confirmed. The HER mechanism via ligand reduction of macrocyclic aromatic complexes could be one of the concepts for the development of new catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, Moto-oka 744, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Taro Koide
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, Moto-oka 744, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Zihan Zhou
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, Moto-oka 744, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Hisashi Shimakoshi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, Moto-oka 744, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Yoshio Hisaeda
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, Moto-oka 744, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
- Center for Molecular Systems (CMS), Kyushu University, Moto-oka 744, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
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19
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Miao Y, Samuelsen SV, Madsen R. Vanadium- and Chromium-Catalyzed Dehydrogenative Synthesis of Imines from Alcohols and Amines. Organometallics 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.1c00123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yulong Miao
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Simone V. Samuelsen
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Robert Madsen
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
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20
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Nganga J, Chaudhri N, Brückner C, Angeles-Boza AM. β-Oxochlorin cobalt(II) complexes catalyze the electrochemical reduction of CO 2. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:4396-4399. [PMID: 33949479 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc00573a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Inspired by the architecture of the macrocycle of heme d1, a series of synthetic mono-, di- and tri-β-oxo-substituted porphyrinoid cobalt(ii) complexes were evaluated as electrocatalytic CO2 reducers, identifying complexes of unusually high efficiencies in generating multi-electron reduction products, including CH4.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Nganga
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, 55 N. Eagleville Road, Storrs, CT 06269, USA.
| | - Nivedita Chaudhri
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, 55 N. Eagleville Road, Storrs, CT 06269, USA.
| | - Christian Brückner
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, 55 N. Eagleville Road, Storrs, CT 06269, USA.
| | - Alfredo M Angeles-Boza
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, 55 N. Eagleville Road, Storrs, CT 06269, USA. and Institute of Materials Science, University of Connecticut, 97 N. Eagleville Road, Storrs, CT 06269, USA.
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21
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Pino-Rios R, Montenegro-Pohlhammer N, Cárdenas-Jirón G. Assessment of New Expanded Porpholactones as UV/Vis/NIR Chromophores for Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell Applications. J Phys Chem A 2021; 125:2267-2275. [PMID: 33724841 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.0c11188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Expanded porphyrins arise as an alternative for potential application as chromophores in dye-sensitized solar cells. (DSSCs). The modification of the core of these compounds provides remarkable changes in the photoelectronic behavior. In the present article, the improvement of its properties for a potential application as UV/vis/NIR chromophores in DSSCs has been studied, when an oxazolone moiety has replaced an imine ring in analogy to the porpholactones first synthesized by Crossley et al. ( J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun. 1984, 920-922). These expanded porpholactones present a noticeable red shift as well as an increase in the intensity of the Q-bands regarding the parent compounds. The photophysical properties of Sapphyrin have been explored through DFT calculations and vibrationally resolved absorption spectra simulations. Energetic parameters showed favorable electron injection from the chromophore to the TiO2 semiconductor. In addition, aromaticity was analyzed and rationalized using magnetic and delocalization criteria. Results showed qualitatively similar trends between aromaticity descriptors and Q bands giving a great opportunity to the use this property in the rational design of chromophores. Finally, the nonequilibrium Green's function formalism shows the ability of expanded porpholactones in electron transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Pino-Rios
- Laboratorio de Química Teórica, Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile (USACH), 8320000 Santiago, Chile
| | - Nicolás Montenegro-Pohlhammer
- Laboratorio de Química Teórica, Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile (USACH), 8320000 Santiago, Chile.,Departamento de Química Física, Universidad de Sevilla, c/Profesor García González, s/n, 41012 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Gloria Cárdenas-Jirón
- Laboratorio de Química Teórica, Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile (USACH), 8320000 Santiago, Chile
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22
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Luciano MP, Atoyebi AO, Tardie W, Zeller M, Brückner C. Pyrrole-Modified Porphyrins Containing Eight-Membered Heterocycles Using a Reversal of the "Breaking and Mending" Strategy. J Org Chem 2020; 85:15273-15286. [PMID: 33174754 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c02108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The conversion of meso-aryl-porphyrins/chlorins to porphyrinoids containing nonpyrrolic heterocycles (so-called pyrrole-modified porphyrins, PMPs) along an approach we dubbed "the breaking and mending of porphyrins" is well known. However, examples are limited to the synthesis of PMPs containing up to six-membered heterocycles; the syntheses of larger rings failed. We report here hitherto unavailable eight-membered chlorin-type PMPs using an inverted "mending and breaking" approach. All examples are based on the addition of N,N'-dimethylurea derivatives to a meso-phenyl-β,β'-dioxoporphyrin, followed by oxidative cleavage of the intermediate diol adduct. We correlate the extremely nonplanar solid-state structures of three crystallographically characterized PMPs containing an eight-membered ring with their solution-state optical properties. The first examples of bis-modified, bacteriochlorin-type PMPs containing either two eight-membered rings or an eight-membered ring and an imidazolone ring are also detailed. Using other N,N'-nucleophiles failed to either generate chlorins containing a β,β'-dihydroxypyrroline, a prerequisite for the "breaking step," or the cleavage of those substrates that did generate a diol underwent subsequent reactions that thwarted the generation of the desired PMPs. This contribution adds novel PMPs containing eight-membered rings, highlights the effects these derivatizations have on the macrocycle conformation, and how that affects their optical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael P Luciano
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, Unit 3060, Storrs, Connecticut 06269-3060, United States
| | - Adewole O Atoyebi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, Unit 3060, Storrs, Connecticut 06269-3060, United States
| | - Weston Tardie
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, Unit 3060, Storrs, Connecticut 06269-3060, United States
| | - Matthias Zeller
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, 101 Wetherill Hall, 560 Oval Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-2084, United States
| | - Christian Brückner
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, Unit 3060, Storrs, Connecticut 06269-3060, United States
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23
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Beyene BB, Yibeltal AW, Hung C. Highly efficient electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution from neutral aqueous solution by water soluble copper (II) porphyrin. Inorganica Chim Acta 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2020.119929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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24
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Jökel J, Schwer F, von Delius M, Apfel UP. A dinuclear porphyrin-macrocycle as efficient catalyst for the hydrogen evolution reaction. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:14179-14182. [PMID: 33107896 DOI: 10.1039/d0cc05229a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
We report an unprecedented dinuclear catalyst for the electrochemical hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). A macrocyclic porphyrin complex comprising two nickel centres connected via redox mediating linker molecules gives rise to efficient catalysis, significantly outperforming a mononuclear reference catalyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Jökel
- Inorganic Chemistry I, Ruhr-University Bochum, Universitätsstr. 150, 44801 Bochum, Germany.
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25
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Thuita D, Damunupola D, Brückner C. Oxazolochlorins 21. Most Efficient Access to meso-Tetraphenyl- and meso-Tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)porpholactones, and Their Zinc(II) and Platinum(II) Complexes. Molecules 2020; 25:E4351. [PMID: 32972021 PMCID: PMC7570530 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25184351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Revised: 09/12/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
meso-Phenyl- and meso-pentafluorophenyl-porpholactones, their metal complexes, as well as porphyrinoids directly derived from them are useful in a number of technical and biomedical applications, and more uses are expected to be discovered. About a dozen competing and complementary pathways toward their synthesis were reported. The suitability of the methods changes with the meso-aryl group and whether the free base or metal derivatives are sought. These circumstances make it hard for anyone outside of the field of synthetic porphyrin chemistry to ascertain which pathway is the best to produce which specific derivative. We report here on what we experimentally evaluated to be the most efficient pathways to generate the six key compounds from the commercially available porphyrins, meso-tetraphenylporphyrin (TPP) and meso-tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)porphyrin (TFPP): free base meso-tetraphenylporpholactone (TPL) and meso-tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)porpholactone (TFPL), and their platinum(II) and zinc(II) complexes TPLPt, TFPLPt, TPLZn, and TFPLZn, respectively. Detailed procedures are provided to make these intriguing molecules more readily available for their further study.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Christian Brückner
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, Unit 3060, Storrs, CT 06269–3060, USA; (D.T.); (D.D.)
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26
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Jin GQ, Xue HZ, Zhang JL. Porpholactone Chemistry: Shining New Light on an Old Cofactor. Chempluschem 2020; 86:71-81. [PMID: 32844583 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202000494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Revised: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The emergence of porpholactone chemistry, discovered over 30 years ago, has significantly stimulated the development of biomimetic tetrapyrrole chemistry. It offers an opportunity, through modifications of non-pyrrolic building blocks, to clarify the relationship between chemical structure and excited-state properties, deciphering the structural code for the biological functions of life pigments. With intriguing photophysical properties in the red to near-infrared (NIR) regions, facile modulation of their electronic nature by fine-tuning chemical structures, and coordination ability with diverse metal ions, these novel porphyrinoids have favorable prospects in the fields of optical materials, bioimaging and therapy, and catalysis. In this Minireview, we summarize the brief history of porpholactone chemistry, and focus on the studies carried out in our group, particularly on the regioisomeric effect, NIR lanthanide luminescence, and metal catalysis. We outline the perspectives of these compounds in the construction of porpholactone-related biomedical applications and optical and energy materials, in order to inspire more interest and further advance bioinspired inorganic chemistry and lanthanide chemical biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo-Qing Jin
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Materials Chemistry and Applications, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P.R. China
| | - Hao-Zong Xue
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Materials Chemistry and Applications, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P.R. China
| | - Jun-Long Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Materials Chemistry and Applications, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P.R. China
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27
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Site-Selective Modification of a Porpholactone-Selective Synthesis of 12,13- and 17,18-Dihydroporpholactones. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 25:molecules25112642. [PMID: 32517216 PMCID: PMC7321334 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25112642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Revised: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The reaction of meso-tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)porpholactone with azomethine ylides and nitrones affords pyrrolidine-fused and isoxazolidine-fused dihydroporpholactones that display, respectively, isobacteriochlorin- and chlorin-type UV–Vis spectra. These reactions are site-selective, yielding, respectively, 17,18- or 12,13-dihydroporpholactones. The crystal and molecular features of pyrrolidine-fused and isoxazolidine-fused dihydroporpholactones were unveiled from single-crystal X-ray diffraction studies.
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28
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Melissari Z, Sample HC, Twamley B, Williams RM, Senge MO. Synthesis and Spectral Properties of
gem
‐Dimethyl Chlorin Photosensitizers. CHEMPHOTOCHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/cptc.202000051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zoi Melissari
- Medicinal ChemistryTrinity Translational Medicine InstituteTrinity Centre for Health SciencesTrinity College DublinThe University of Dublin St James's Hospital Dublin 8 Ireland
- Van ‘t Hoff Institute for Molecular SciencesUniversity of Amsterdam P.O. Box 94157, 1090 GD Amsterdam (The Netherlands
| | - Harry C. Sample
- Medicinal ChemistryTrinity Translational Medicine InstituteTrinity Centre for Health SciencesTrinity College DublinThe University of Dublin St James's Hospital Dublin 8 Ireland
| | - Brendan Twamley
- School of ChemistryTrinity College DublinThe University of DublinCollege Green Dublin 2 Ireland
| | - René M. Williams
- Van ‘t Hoff Institute for Molecular SciencesUniversity of Amsterdam P.O. Box 94157, 1090 GD Amsterdam (The Netherlands
| | - Mathias O. Senge
- Medicinal ChemistryTrinity Translational Medicine InstituteTrinity Centre for Health SciencesTrinity College DublinThe University of Dublin St James's Hospital Dublin 8 Ireland
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29
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Beyene BB, Hung CH. Recent progress on metalloporphyrin-based hydrogen evolution catalysis. Coord Chem Rev 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2020.213234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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30
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Guo X, Wang N, Li X, Zhang Z, Zhao J, Ren W, Ding S, Xu G, Li J, Apfel U, Zhang W, Cao R. Homolytic versus Heterolytic Hydrogen Evolution Reaction Steered by a Steric Effect. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202002311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojun Guo
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry Ministry of Education School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an 710119 China
| | - Ni Wang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry Ministry of Education School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an 710119 China
| | - Xialiang Li
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry Ministry of Education School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an 710119 China
| | - Zongyao Zhang
- Chemistry Research Laboratory Department of Chemistry University of Oxford Mansfield Road Oxford OX1 3TA UK
| | - Jianping Zhao
- College of Materials Science and Optoelectronic Technology University of Chinese Academy of Science Beijing 101408 China
| | - Wanjie Ren
- College of Materials Science and Optoelectronic Technology University of Chinese Academy of Science Beijing 101408 China
| | - Shuping Ding
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry Ministry of Education School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an 710119 China
| | - Gelun Xu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry Ministry of Education School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an 710119 China
| | - Jianfeng Li
- College of Materials Science and Optoelectronic Technology University of Chinese Academy of Science Beijing 101408 China
| | - Ulf‐Peter Apfel
- Ruhr Universität Bochum Fakultät für Chemie und Biochemie Anorganische Chemie I Universitätsstrasse 150 44801 Bochum Germany
- Fraunhofer UMSICHT Osterfelder Strasse 3 46047 Oberhausen Germany
| | - Wei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry Ministry of Education School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an 710119 China
| | - Rui Cao
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry Ministry of Education School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an 710119 China
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31
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Homolytic versus Heterolytic Hydrogen Evolution Reaction Steered by a Steric Effect. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:8941-8946. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202002311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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32
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Schnable D, Chaudhri N, Li R, Zeller M, Brückner C. Evaluation of Octaethyl-7,17-dioxobacteriochlorin as a Ligand for Transition Metals. Inorg Chem 2020; 59:2870-2880. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.9b03231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- David Schnable
- Department of Chemistry, Unit 3060, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269-3060, United States
| | - Nivedita Chaudhri
- Department of Chemistry, Unit 3060, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269-3060, United States
| | - Ruoshi Li
- Department of Chemistry, Unit 3060, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269-3060, United States
| | - Matthias Zeller
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, 101 Wetherill Hall, 560 Oval Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-2084, United States
| | - Christian Brückner
- Department of Chemistry, Unit 3060, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269-3060, United States
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Brückner C, Atoyebi AO, Girouard D, Lau KSF, Akhigbe J, Samankumara L, Damunupola D, Khalil GE, Gouterman M, Krause JA, Zeller M. Stepwise Preparation of
meso
‐Tetraphenyl‐ and
meso
‐Tetrakis(4‐trifluoromethylphenyl)bacteriodilactones and their Zinc(II) and Palladium(II) Complexes. European J Org Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201901727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Christian Brückner
- Department of Chemistry University of Connecticut 06268‐3060 Storrs CT USA
| | - Adewole O. Atoyebi
- Department of Chemistry University of Connecticut 06268‐3060 Storrs CT USA
| | - Derek Girouard
- Department of Chemistry University of Connecticut 06268‐3060 Storrs CT USA
| | - Kimberly S. F. Lau
- Department of Chemistry University of Connecticut 06268‐3060 Storrs CT USA
- Department of Chemistry University of Washington 98195 Seattle WA USA
| | - Joshua Akhigbe
- Department of Chemistry University of Connecticut 06268‐3060 Storrs CT USA
| | - Lalith Samankumara
- Department of Chemistry University of Connecticut 06268‐3060 Storrs CT USA
| | - Dinusha Damunupola
- Department of Chemistry University of Connecticut 06268‐3060 Storrs CT USA
| | - Gamal E. Khalil
- Department of Chemistry University of Washington 98195 Seattle WA USA
| | - Martin Gouterman
- Department of Chemistry University of Washington 98195 Seattle WA USA
| | - Jeanette A. Krause
- Department of Chemistry University of Cincinnati 45221‐0172 Cincinnati OH USA
| | - Matthias Zeller
- Department of Chemistry Purdue University 47907‐2084 West Lafayette IN USA
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34
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Wu ZY, Xue H, Wang T, Guo Y, Meng YS, Li X, Zheng J, Brückner C, Rao G, Britt RD, Zhang JL. Mimicking of Tunichlorin: Deciphering the Importance of a β-Hydroxyl Substituent on Boosting the Hydrogen Evolution Reaction. ACS Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.9b03985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhuo-Yan Wu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Materials Chemistry and Applications, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China
| | - Haozong Xue
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Materials Chemistry and Applications, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China
| | - Teng Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Materials Chemistry and Applications, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China
| | - Yanru Guo
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Materials Chemistry and Applications, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China
| | - Yin-Shan Meng
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Materials Chemistry and Applications, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China
| | - Xingguo Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Materials Chemistry and Applications, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China
| | - Jie Zheng
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Materials Chemistry and Applications, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China
| | - Christian Brückner
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269-3060, United States
| | - Guodong Rao
- Department of Chemistry, University of California Davis, Davis, California 95161, United States
| | - R. David Britt
- Department of Chemistry, University of California Davis, Davis, California 95161, United States
| | - Jun-Long Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Materials Chemistry and Applications, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China
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35
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Bhat KS, Nagaraja HS. Recent trends and insights in nickel chalcogenide nanostructures for water-splitting reactions. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/14328917.2019.1703523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Karthik S. Bhat
- Department of Physics, National Institute of Technology Karnataka, Surathkal, Mangaluru, India
| | - H. S. Nagaraja
- Department of Physics, National Institute of Technology Karnataka, Surathkal, Mangaluru, India
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36
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Ning Y, Jin GQ, Zhang JL. Porpholactone Chemistry: An Emerging Approach to Bioinspired Photosensitizers with Tunable Near-Infrared Photophysical Properties. Acc Chem Res 2019; 52:2620-2633. [PMID: 31298833 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.9b00119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Chlorophylls, known as the key building blocks of natural light-harvesting antennae, are essential to utilize solar energy from visible to near-infrared (NIR) region during the photosynthesis process. The fundamental studies for the relationship between structure and photophysical properties of chlorophylls disclosed the importance of β-peripheral modification and thus boosted the fast growth of NIR absorbing/emissive porphyrinoids via altering the extent of π-conjugation and the degree of distortion from the planarity of macrocycle. Despite the tremendous progress made in various porphyrin-based synthetic models, it still remains a challenge to precisely modulate photophysical properties through fine-tuning of β-peripheral structures in the way natural chlorophylls do. With this in mind, we initiated a program and focused on meso-C6F5-substituted porpholactone (F20TPPL), in which one β-pyrrolic double bond was replaced by a lactone moiety, as an attractive platform to construct the bioinspired library of NIR porphyrinoids. In this Account, we summarize our recent contributions to the bioinspired design, synthesis, photophysical characterization, and applications of porpholactones and their derivatives. We have developed a general, convenient method to directly prepare porpholactones in large scale up to gram, which forms the chemical basis of porpholactone chemistry. By modulation of the saturation level and in particular regioisomerization of β-dilactone moieties, a synthetic library constituted by a series of porpholactones and their derivatives has been established. Thanks to the electron-withdrawing nature of lactone moiety, derivation of the saturation levels gives help to build stable models for chlorin, bacteriochlorin, and tunichlorin. It is worth noting that regioisomerization of dilactone moieties mimics the relative orientation of β-substituents in natural chlorophylls and hemes, which was considered as the key factor to tune NIR absorption and reactivity. Porpholactones can illustrate the capability of fine-tuning photophysical properties including the excited triplet states by subtle alteration of β-peripheral structures in the presence of transition metals and lanthanides (Ln). Furthermore, they can serve as efficient photosensitizers for singlet oxygen and NIR Ln, showing potential applications in cell imaging and photocytotoxicity studies. The high luminescence, tunable structures, high cellular uptake, and intense NIR absorption render them as promising and competitive candidates for theranostics in vitro and in vivo. Therefore, extending the studies of "porpholactone chemistry" not only tests the fundamental understanding of the structure-function relationship that governs NIR photophysical properties of natural tetrapyrrole cofactors such as chlorophylls but also provides the guiding principles for the bioinspired design of NIR luminescent molecular probes with various applications. Taken together, as a new synthetic porphyrin derivative, porpholactone chemistry shines light on synthetic porphyrin, bioinorganic, and lanthanide chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Ning
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China
| | - Guo-Qing Jin
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China
| | - Jun-Long Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China
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37
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Guberman-Pfeffer MJ, Lalisse RF, Hewage N, Brückner C, Gascón JA. Origins of the Electronic Modulations of Bacterio- and Isobacteriodilactone Regioisomers. J Phys Chem A 2019; 123:7470-7485. [PMID: 31361130 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.9b05656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Advances in the utilization of porphyrinoids for photomedicine, catalysis, and artificial photosynthesis require a fundamental understanding of the relationships between their molecular connectivity and resulting electronic structures. Herein, we analyze how the replacement of two pyrrolic Cβ═Cβ bonds of a porphyrin by two lactone (O═C-O) moieties modulates the ground-state thermodynamic stability and electronic structure of the resulting five possible pyrrole-modified porphyrin isomers. We made these determinations based on density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent DFT computations of the optical spectra of all regioisomers. We also analyzed the computed magnetically induced currents of their aromatic π-systems. All regioisomers adopt the tautomeric state that maximizes aromaticity, whether or not transannular steric strains are incurred. In all isomers, the O═Cβ-Oβ bonds were found to support a macrocycle diatropic ring current. We attributed this to the delocalization of nonbonding electrons from the ring oxa- and oxo-atoms into the macrocycle. As a consequence of this delocalization, the dilactone regioisomers are as-or even more-aromatic than their hydroporphyrin congeners. The electronic structures follow different trends for the bacteriochlorin- and isobacteriochlorin-type isomers. The presence of either oxo- or oxa-oxygens conjugated with the macrocyclic π-system was found to be the minimal structural requirement for the regioisomers to exhibit distinct electronic properties. Our computational methods and mechanistic insights provide a basis for the systematic exploration of the physicochemical properties of porphyrinoids as a function of the number, relative orientation, and degree of macrocycle-π-conjugation of β-substituents, in general, and for dilactone-based porphyrinic chromophores, in particular.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J Guberman-Pfeffer
- Department of Chemistry , University of Connecticut , Unit 3060 , Storrs , Connecticut 06269-3060 , United States
| | - Remy F Lalisse
- Department of Chemistry , University of Connecticut , Unit 3060 , Storrs , Connecticut 06269-3060 , United States
| | - Nisansala Hewage
- Department of Chemistry , University of Connecticut , Unit 3060 , Storrs , Connecticut 06269-3060 , United States
| | - Christian Brückner
- Department of Chemistry , University of Connecticut , Unit 3060 , Storrs , Connecticut 06269-3060 , United States
| | - José A Gascón
- Department of Chemistry , University of Connecticut , Unit 3060 , Storrs , Connecticut 06269-3060 , United States
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38
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Maher AG, Liu M, Nocera DG. Ligand Noninnocence in Nickel Porphyrins: Nickel Isobacteriochlorin Formation under Hydrogen Evolution Conditions. Inorg Chem 2019; 58:7958-7968. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.9b00717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew G. Maher
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, 12 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Mengran Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, 12 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Daniel G. Nocera
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, 12 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
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39
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Dalle K, Warnan J, Leung JJ, Reuillard B, Karmel IS, Reisner E. Electro- and Solar-Driven Fuel Synthesis with First Row Transition Metal Complexes. Chem Rev 2019; 119:2752-2875. [PMID: 30767519 PMCID: PMC6396143 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 437] [Impact Index Per Article: 87.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of renewable fuels from abundant water or the greenhouse gas CO2 is a major step toward creating sustainable and scalable energy storage technologies. In the last few decades, much attention has focused on the development of nonprecious metal-based catalysts and, in more recent years, their integration in solid-state support materials and devices that operate in water. This review surveys the literature on 3d metal-based molecular catalysts and focuses on their immobilization on heterogeneous solid-state supports for electro-, photo-, and photoelectrocatalytic synthesis of fuels in aqueous media. The first sections highlight benchmark homogeneous systems using proton and CO2 reducing 3d transition metal catalysts as well as commonly employed methods for catalyst immobilization, including a discussion of supporting materials and anchoring groups. The subsequent sections elaborate on productive associations between molecular catalysts and a wide range of substrates based on carbon, quantum dots, metal oxide surfaces, and semiconductors. The molecule-material hybrid systems are organized as "dark" cathodes, colloidal photocatalysts, and photocathodes, and their figures of merit are discussed alongside system stability and catalyst integrity. The final section extends the scope of this review to prospects and challenges in targeting catalysis beyond "classical" H2 evolution and CO2 reduction to C1 products, by summarizing cases for higher-value products from N2 reduction, C x>1 products from CO2 utilization, and other reductive organic transformations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jane J. Leung
- Christian Doppler Laboratory
for Sustainable SynGas Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| | - Bertrand Reuillard
- Christian Doppler Laboratory
for Sustainable SynGas Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| | - Isabell S. Karmel
- Christian Doppler Laboratory
for Sustainable SynGas Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| | - Erwin Reisner
- Christian Doppler Laboratory
for Sustainable SynGas Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
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40
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Hewage N, Daddario P, Lau KSF, Guberman-Pfeffer MJ, Gascón JA, Zeller M, Lee CO, Khalil GE, Gouterman M, Brückner C. Bacterio- and Isobacteriodilactones by Stepwise or Direct Oxidations of meso-Tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)porphyrin. J Org Chem 2019; 84:239-256. [PMID: 30484650 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.8b02628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Porpholactones are porphyrinoids in which one or more β,β'-bonds of the parent chromophore were replaced by lactone moieties. Accessible to varying degrees by direct and nonselective oxidations of porphyrins, the rational syntheses of all five dilactone isomers along stepwise, controlled, and high-yielding routes via porphyrin → tetrahydroxyisobacteriochlorin metal complexes → isobacteriochlorindilactone metal complexes or porphyrin → tetrahydroxybacteriochlorin → bacteriochlorindilactone (and related) pathways, respectively, are described. A major benefit of these complementary routes over established methods is the simplicity of the isolation of the dilactones because of the reduced number of side products formed. In an alternative approach we report the direct and selective conversion of free base meso-tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)porphyrin to all isomers of free base isobacteriodilactones using the oxidant cetyltrimethylN+MnO4-. The solid-state structures of some of the isomers and their precursors are reported, providing data on the conformational modulation induced by the derivatizations. We also rationalize computationally their differing thermodynamic stability and electronic properties. In making new efficient routes toward these dilactone isomers available, we enable the further study of this diverse class of porphyrinoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nisansala Hewage
- Department of Chemistry , University of Connecticut , Unit 3060, Storrs , Connecticut 06269-3060 , United States
| | - Pedro Daddario
- Department of Chemistry , University of Connecticut , Unit 3060, Storrs , Connecticut 06269-3060 , United States
| | - Kimberly S F Lau
- Department of Chemistry , University of Connecticut , Unit 3060, Storrs , Connecticut 06269-3060 , United States.,Department of Chemistry , University of Washington , Box 351700, Seattle , Washington 98195 , United States
| | - Matthew J Guberman-Pfeffer
- Department of Chemistry , University of Connecticut , Unit 3060, Storrs , Connecticut 06269-3060 , United States
| | - José A Gascón
- Department of Chemistry , University of Connecticut , Unit 3060, Storrs , Connecticut 06269-3060 , United States
| | - Matthias Zeller
- Department of Chemistry , Purdue University , 101 Wetherill Hall, 560 Oval Drive , West Lafayette , Indiana 47907-2084 , United States
| | - Christal O Lee
- Department of Chemistry , University of Washington , Box 351700, Seattle , Washington 98195 , United States
| | - Gamal E Khalil
- Department of Chemistry , University of Washington , Box 351700, Seattle , Washington 98195 , United States
| | - Martin Gouterman
- Department of Chemistry , University of Washington , Box 351700, Seattle , Washington 98195 , United States
| | - Christian Brückner
- Department of Chemistry , University of Connecticut , Unit 3060, Storrs , Connecticut 06269-3060 , United States
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41
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Wang JW, Liu WJ, Zhong DC, Lu TB. Nickel complexes as molecular catalysts for water splitting and CO2 reduction. Coord Chem Rev 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2017.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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42
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Kasemthaveechok S, Fabre B, Loget G, Gramage-Doria R. Remote ion-pair interactions in Fe-porphyrin-based molecular catalysts for the hydrogen evolution reaction. Catal Sci Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cy02164c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The influence of ion-pair interactions between carboxy-containing iron porphyrins and the proton source in the hydrogen evolution reaction is described.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bruno Fabre
- Univ Rennes
- CNRS
- ISCR-UMR 6226
- F-35000 Rennes
- France
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43
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Ranjeesh KC, George L, Wakchaure VC, Goudappagouda G, Devi RN, Babu SS. A squaraine-linked metalloporphyrin two-dimensional polymer photocatalyst for hydrogen and oxygen evolution reactions. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:1627-1630. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cc09132c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A squaraine–metalloporphyrin 2D-polymer based bifunctional catalyst for photocatalytic water splitting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kayaramkodath Chandran Ranjeesh
- Organic Chemistry Division
- National Chemical Laboratory (CSIR-NCL)
- Pune-411008
- India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR)
| | - Leena George
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR)
- Ghaziabad-201002
- India
- Catalysis and Inorganic Chemistry Division
- National Chemical Laboratory (CSIR-NCL)
| | - Vivek Chandrakant Wakchaure
- Organic Chemistry Division
- National Chemical Laboratory (CSIR-NCL)
- Pune-411008
- India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR)
| | - Goudappagouda Goudappagouda
- Organic Chemistry Division
- National Chemical Laboratory (CSIR-NCL)
- Pune-411008
- India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR)
| | - R. Nandini Devi
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR)
- Ghaziabad-201002
- India
- Catalysis and Inorganic Chemistry Division
- National Chemical Laboratory (CSIR-NCL)
| | - Sukumaran Santhosh Babu
- Organic Chemistry Division
- National Chemical Laboratory (CSIR-NCL)
- Pune-411008
- India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR)
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44
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Xu G, Lei H, Zhou G, Zhang C, Xie L, Zhang W, Cao R. Boosting hydrogen evolution by using covalent frameworks of fluorinated cobalt porphyrins supported on carbon nanotubes. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:12647-12650. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cc06916j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
A covalent framework using fluorinated cobalt porphyrins is synthesized and shows significantly improved efficiency for the hydrogen evolution reaction in aqueous solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gelun Xu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Shaanxi Normal University
- Xi’an 710119
- China
| | - Haitao Lei
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Shaanxi Normal University
- Xi’an 710119
- China
| | - Guojun Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Shaanxi Normal University
- Xi’an 710119
- China
| | - Chaochao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Shaanxi Normal University
- Xi’an 710119
- China
| | - Lisi Xie
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Shaanxi Normal University
- Xi’an 710119
- China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Shaanxi Normal University
- Xi’an 710119
- China
| | - Rui Cao
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Shaanxi Normal University
- Xi’an 710119
- China
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45
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Wang N, Lei H, Zhang Z, Li J, Zhang W, Cao R. Electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution with gallium hydride and ligand-centered reduction. Chem Sci 2018; 10:2308-2314. [PMID: 30881656 PMCID: PMC6385664 DOI: 10.1039/c8sc05247f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2018] [Accepted: 12/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
GaIII porphyrin is active for electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution with unusual features, including ligand-centered electron transfer and formation of post-transition metal hydride.
GaIII chloride tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)porphyrin (1) was synthesized and shown to be a highly active and stable post-transition metal-based electrocatalyst for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). Electrochemical and spectroscopic studies indicate that both the first and second reduction events of 1 are ligand-centered. The 2e-reduced form 12– reacts with a proton to give GaIII–H species (1–H), which undergoes protonolysis with Brønsted acids to produce H2. The identification of key intermediates 1–, 12–, and 1–H leads to a catalytic cycle, which is valuable for the fundamental understanding of the HER. This study presents a rare but highly active HER electrocatalyst with unusual features, including ligand-centered electron transfer and formation of post-transition metal hydride.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ni Wang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry , Ministry of Education , School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Shaanxi Normal University , Xi'an 710119 , China .
| | - Haitao Lei
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry , Ministry of Education , School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Shaanxi Normal University , Xi'an 710119 , China .
| | - Zongyao Zhang
- Department of Chemistry , Renmin University of China , Beijing 100872 , China
| | - Jianfeng Li
- College of Materials Science and Optoelectronic Technology , University of Chinese Academy of Science , Beijing 101408 , China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry , Ministry of Education , School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Shaanxi Normal University , Xi'an 710119 , China .
| | - Rui Cao
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry , Ministry of Education , School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Shaanxi Normal University , Xi'an 710119 , China . .,Department of Chemistry , Renmin University of China , Beijing 100872 , China
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Hong D, Tsukakoshi Y, Kotani H, Ishizuka T, Ohkubo K, Shiota Y, Yoshizawa K, Fukuzumi S, Kojima T. Mechanistic Insights into Homogeneous Electrocatalytic and Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution Catalyzed by High-Spin Ni(II) Complexes with S2N2-Type Tetradentate Ligands. Inorg Chem 2018; 57:7180-7190. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b00881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dachao Hong
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency, 1-1-1 Tennoudai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Catalytic Chemistry, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8565, Japan
| | - Yuto Tsukakoshi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency, 1-1-1 Tennoudai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Kotani
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency, 1-1-1 Tennoudai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
| | - Tomoya Ishizuka
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency, 1-1-1 Tennoudai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
| | - Kei Ohkubo
- Institute for Advanced Co-Creation Studies and Institute for Academic Initiatives, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
- Department of Chemistry and Nano Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Korea
| | - Yoshihito Shiota
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering, Kyushu University, CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Motooka, Nishi-Ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Kazunari Yoshizawa
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering, Kyushu University, CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Motooka, Nishi-Ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
- Elements Strategy Initiative for Catalysts & Batteries, Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8520, Japan
| | - Shunichi Fukuzumi
- Department of Chemistry and Nano Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Korea
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Meijo University, SENTAN, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Nagoya, Aichi 468-8502, Japan
| | - Takahiko Kojima
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency, 1-1-1 Tennoudai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
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47
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Ning Y, Liu YW, Meng YS, Zhang JL. Design of Near-Infrared Luminescent Lanthanide Complexes Sensitive to Environmental Stimulus through Rationally Tuning the Secondary Coordination Sphere. Inorg Chem 2018; 57:1332-1341. [PMID: 29336570 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.7b02750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The design of near-infrared (NIR) emissive lanthanide (Ln) complexes sensitive to external stimulus is fundamentally important for the practical application of Ln materials. Because NIR emission from Ln is extremely sensitive to X-H (X = C, N and O) bond vibration, we herein report to harness the secondary coordination sphere to design NIR luminescent lanthanide sensors. Toward this goal, we designed and synthesized two isomeric [(η5-C5H5)Co{(D3CO)2P = O}3]-Yb(III)-7,8,12,13,17,18-hexafluoro-5,10,15,20-tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)porpholactol NIR emitters, Yb-up and Yb-down, based on the stereoisomerism of porphyrin peripheral β-hydroxyl group. Yb-up, in which β-OH is at the same side of Yb(III) center, can form an intramolecular hydrogen bond with the axial Kläui ligand, whereas Yb-down cannot because its β-OH is opposite to Yb(III) center. X-ray crystal structures and photophysical studies suggested that the intramolecular hydrogen bond plays important roles on the NIR luminescence of ytterbium(III), which shortens the distance between β-OH and Yb(III) and facilitates the nonradiative deactivation of Ln excited state. Importantly, Yb-up/down were demonstrated to be highly sensitive toward temperature and viscosity. The PMMA polymer using Yb-up as the dopant NIR emitter showed thermosensitivity up to 6.0% °C-1 in the wide temperature range of 77-400 K, higher than that of Yb-down (3.8% °C-1). These complexes were also explored as the first NIR viscosity sensor, revealing their potential applications as optical sensors without visible light interference. This work demonstrates the importance of secondary coordination sphere on designing NIR Ln luminescent functional materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Ning
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Materials Chemistry and Applications, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University , Beijing 100871, PR China
| | - Yi-Wei Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Materials Chemistry and Applications, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University , Beijing 100871, PR China
| | - Yin-Shan Meng
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Materials Chemistry and Applications, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University , Beijing 100871, PR China
| | - Jun-Long Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Materials Chemistry and Applications, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University , Beijing 100871, PR China
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48
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Yang TL, Ni SF, Qin P, Dang L. A mechanism study on the hydrogen evolution reaction catalyzed by molybdenum disulfide complexes. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 54:1113-1116. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cc08632f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Water-mediated intermolecular H+/H− coupling between two- or three-electron reduced sulfur hydride complexes with a hydrated proton is preferred to produce H2 rather than intramolecular couplings between sulfur hydride and metal hydride complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ti-Long Yang
- Department of Chemistry and Key Laboratory for Preparation and Application of Ordered Structural Materials of Guangdong Province, Shantou University
- Guangdong
- P. R. China
- Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology
- Shenzhen
| | - Shao-Fei Ni
- Department of Chemistry and Key Laboratory for Preparation and Application of Ordered Structural Materials of Guangdong Province, Shantou University
- Guangdong
- P. R. China
| | - Peng Qin
- Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology
- Shenzhen
- P. R. China
| | - Li Dang
- Department of Chemistry and Key Laboratory for Preparation and Application of Ordered Structural Materials of Guangdong Province, Shantou University
- Guangdong
- P. R. China
- Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology
- Shenzhen
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49
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50
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Hu JY, Wu ZY, Chai K, Yang ZS, Meng YS, Ning Y, Zhang J, Zhang JL. β-Fluorinated porpholactones and metal complexes: synthesis, characterization and some spectroscopic studies. Inorg Chem Front 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7qi00375g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
We describe the synthesis of β-fluorinated porpholactones by oxidation of the fluorinated CC bond of the pyrrolic subunit in porphyrin using the “RuCl3 + Oxone®” protocol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Yun Hu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Materials Chemistry and Applications
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- Peking University
- Beijing
| | - Zhuo-Yan Wu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Materials Chemistry and Applications
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- Peking University
- Beijing
| | - Ke Chai
- College of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Technology
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing
- P. R. China
| | - Zi-Shu Yang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Materials Chemistry and Applications
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- Peking University
- Beijing
| | - Yin-Shan Meng
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Materials Chemistry and Applications
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- Peking University
- Beijing
| | - Yingying Ning
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Materials Chemistry and Applications
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- Peking University
- Beijing
| | - Jing Zhang
- College of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Technology
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing
- P. R. China
| | - Jun-Long Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Materials Chemistry and Applications
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- Peking University
- Beijing
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