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Qiu S, Xue H, Wang R, Zhang C, He Q, Chang G, Bu W. Synthesis of platinum(II)-complex end-tethered polymers: spectroscopic properties and nanostructured particles. SOFT MATTER 2023; 19:2891-2901. [PMID: 37039071 DOI: 10.1039/d3sm00247k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Although metal-containing polymers have been widely studied as a novel class of functional soft materials, the microphase separation between polymeric segments and metal-ligand complexes has been less addressed, which is critical to control their structures and functions. To do this, short-chain polystyrenes (PSs) have been end-functionalized with nanosized square-planar platinum(II) complexes. The platinum(II)-comprising polymers were found to show significant luminescence enhancement in chloroform/methanol solvent mixtures upon increasing the methanol composition. By modulating both the PS length and solvent quality, various self-assembled morphologies formed controllably in the mixed solvents and typical examples include nanofibers, nanoellipsoids, and nanospheres. More interestingly, the inside structures of these polymer particles are shown to be lamellar with sub-10 nm spacings, wherein the PS blocks are alternatively aligned with the platinum(II) units. Such a luminescence enhancement and hierarchical nanostructured particles originate from a subtle combination of directional Pt(II)⋯Pt(II) and/or π-π stacking interactions between the platinum(II) units and the solvophobic effect between the PS blocks. This work suggests that by microphase separating polymer chains with nanosized metal-ligand complexes, metal-containing polymers can self-assemble to form sub-10 nm scale nanostructures showcasing desired properties and functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengchao Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metals Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
| | - Hua Xue
- Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metals Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
| | - Ran Wang
- Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metals Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
| | - Chi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metals Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
| | - Qun He
- Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metals Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
| | - Guanjun Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Environment-friendly Energy Materials & School of Material Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, China
| | - Weifeng Bu
- Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metals Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China
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Jadhav RW, Nadimetla DN, Gawade VK, Jones LA, Bhosale SV. Mimicking the Natural World with Nanoarchitectonics for Self-Assembled Superstructures. CHEM REC 2023; 23:e202200180. [PMID: 36149036 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202200180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Scientists are often inspired by nature, where naturally occurring morphologies, such as those that resemble animals and plants, can be created in the lab. In this review, we have provided an overview on complex superstructures of animals, plants and some similar shapes from the natural world. We begin this review with a discussion about the formation of various animal-like shapes from small organic molecules and polymers, and then move onto plants and other selected shapes. Literature surveys reveal that most of the polymers studied tend to form micellar structures, with some exceptions. Nevertheless, small organic molecules tend to form not only micellar structures but also other animal shapes such as worms and caterpillars. These superstructures tend to have high surface areas and variable surface morphology, making them very useful material for applications in various field such as catalysis, solar cells, and biomedicine, amongst others.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ratan W Jadhav
- School of Chemical Sciences, Goa University, Goa, 403206, India
| | | | - Vilas K Gawade
- School of Chemical Sciences, Goa University, Goa, 403206, India
| | - Lathe A Jones
- School of Applied Sciences, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria, 3001, Australia
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3
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Xiao J, He Q, Yang M, Li H, Qiu X, Wang B, Zhang B, Bu W. Hierarchical self-assembly of miktoarm star copolymers with pathway complexity. Polym Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0py01170c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The self-assembly of amphiphilic miktoarm star copolymers shows hierarchical pathway complexity from molecular building blocks to miktoarm stars to micellar nano-objects to complex hierarchical assemblies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metals Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry
- and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Lanzhou University
- Lanzhou
| | - Qun He
- Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metals Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry
- and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Lanzhou University
- Lanzhou
| | - Minjun Yang
- Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metals Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry
- and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Lanzhou University
- Lanzhou
| | - Haoquan Li
- Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metals Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry
- and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Lanzhou University
- Lanzhou
| | - Xiandeng Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metals Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry
- and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Lanzhou University
- Lanzhou
| | - Binghua Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Zhengzhou University
- Zhengzhou
- China
| | - Bin Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Zhengzhou University
- Zhengzhou
- China
| | - Weifeng Bu
- Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metals Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry
- and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Lanzhou University
- Lanzhou
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4
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Qiu X, Xue H, Xu L, Wang R, Qiu S, He Q, Bu W. Synthesis and hierarchical self-assembly of luminescent platinum( ii)-containing telechelic metallopolymers. Polym Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1py00835h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Luminescent telechelic metallopolymers functionalized with platinum(ii) complexes can self-assemble into flowerlike micelles, and the resulting flowers can further form vesicle-like architectures in solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiandeng Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metals Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Hua Xue
- Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metals Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Lin Xu
- Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metals Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Ran Wang
- Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metals Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Shengchao Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metals Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Qun He
- Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metals Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Weifeng Bu
- Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metals Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China
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5
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Guo P, Jin R, Wang M, He Q, Cai C, Zhao Q, Bu W. Chiral gold(I)-containing polymeric composites: chiroptical sensing and circularly polarized luminescence. J Organomet Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2020.121616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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6
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Huang J, Su L, Hang Y, Shi B, Wang X, Xu H. Water-Soluble Fluorescent Nanobowls Constructed by Multiple Supramolecular Assembly. Macromolecules 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.0c01728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jin Huang
- Institute of Advanced Synthesis (IAS), School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Linlin Su
- Institute of Advanced Synthesis (IAS), School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yixiao Hang
- Institute of Advanced Synthesis (IAS), School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Binbin Shi
- Institute of Advanced Synthesis (IAS), School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xiaodong Wang
- Institute of Advanced Synthesis (IAS), School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Hui Xu
- Institute of Advanced Synthesis (IAS), School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, Jiangsu Province, China
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Han Y, Gao Z, Wang C, Zhong R, Wang F. Recent progress on supramolecular assembly of organoplatinum(II) complexes into long-range ordered nanostructures. Coord Chem Rev 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2020.213300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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8
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Xiao J, He Q, Qiu S, Li H, Wang B, Zhang B, Bu W. Amphiphilic miktoarm star copolymers can self-assemble into micelle-like aggregates in nonselective solvents: a case study of polyoxometalate based miktoarm stars. Sci China Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11426-019-9709-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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9
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Meng W, He Q, Yu M, Zhou Y, Wang C, Yu B, Zhang B, Bu W. Telechelic amphiphilic metallopolymers end-functionalized with platinum(ii) complexes: synthesis, luminescence enhancement, and their self-assembly into flowerlike vesicles and giant flowerlike vesicles. Polym Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9py00652d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Telechelic amphiphilic metallopolymers can self-assemble in solution to create nanosized flowerlike vesicles, where the two platinum(ii) complex ends are connected to the same vesicular core and the central PEG chains form loops as a corona.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weisheng Meng
- Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metals Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry
- and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Lanzhou University
- Lanzhou
| | - Qun He
- Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metals Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry
- and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Lanzhou University
- Lanzhou
| | - Manman Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering
- College of Materials Science and Engineering
- Beijing University of Chemical Technology
- Beijing 100029
- China
| | - Yufeng Zhou
- School of Materials Science & Engineering
- Zhengzhou University
- Zhengzhou
- China
| | - Chen Wang
- Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metals Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry
- and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Lanzhou University
- Lanzhou
| | - Bingran Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering
- College of Materials Science and Engineering
- Beijing University of Chemical Technology
- Beijing 100029
- China
| | - Bin Zhang
- School of Materials Science & Engineering
- Zhengzhou University
- Zhengzhou
- China
| | - Weifeng Bu
- Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metals Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry
- and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Lanzhou University
- Lanzhou
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10
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Guo P, He Q, Wang C, Hou Z, Yu B, Bu W. Intensely phosphorescent block copolymer micelles containing gold(i) complexes. SOFT MATTER 2018; 14:3521-3527. [PMID: 29671847 DOI: 10.1039/c8sm00314a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The electrostatic combination of anionic block copolymers with cationic gold(i) complexes leads to the formation of spherical micelles, where gold(i)-containing ionic cores were formed with anionic blocks and further stabilized by neutral blocks of polystyrene or poly(ethylene oxide). This self-assembled strategy induces remarkable phosphorescence enhancement of the gold(i) complexes in solution. The emissive intensity increases unexpectedly with increasing molecular weight of the anionic block that is not coordinated onto the gold(i) complexes. The intensely phosphorescent micelles formed in water can be utilized as a luminescence bioimaging probe in living cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pingxia Guo
- Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metals Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou City, Gansu Province, China.
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