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Scatigno C, Zanetti M, Rudić S, Senesi R, Andreani C, Gorini G, Fernandez-Alonso F. Hydrogen Detection Limits and Instrument Sensitivity of High-Resolution Broadband Neutron Spectrometers. Anal Chem 2022; 94:5023-5028. [PMID: 35298136 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c04949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The limits of detection (LOD) and quantitation (LOQ) in the mass domain, for broadband vibrational spectroscopy with neutrons on the TOSCA spectrometer at the ISIS Pulsed Neutron and Muon Source (UK), have been studied. The well-known 3σ and 10σ approaches are used through a specifically developed analytical procedure that is based on the calculation of the integrated spectral intensities in selected energy-transfer ranges, as a function of mass of standard reference materials and calibrants, such as ZrH2, 2,5-diiodothiophene, and low-density polyethylene. The analysis shows that the blank, that is, the instrument setup without the analyte, plays a critical role in the measurement performance, especially for small specimen quantities. The results point that TOSCA enables detection of 128 μmol (LODH) and quantitation of 428 μmol (LOQH) of elemental hydrogen analytes in ZrH2. The determined values for this and other standards allow for the assessment of the calibration curve design and instrument sensitivity and define a method to be used for inelastic neutron scattering spectrometers such as TOSCA, or VESPA, the new beamline under construction at the European Spallation Source in Lund (Sweden).
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Scatigno
- ISIS Facility, STFC, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Chilton, Didcot OX11 0QX, U.K.,Centro Fermi─Museo Storico della Fisica e Centro Studi e Ricerche 'Enrico Fermi', Piazza del Viminale 1, 00184 Roma, Italy.,Università degli Studi di Roma "Tor Vergata", Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche, Piazzale Aldo Moro 7, 00185 Roma, Italy
| | - Matteo Zanetti
- ISIS Facility, STFC, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Chilton, Didcot OX11 0QX, U.K.,Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Dipartimento di Scienze Fisiche e Tecnologie della Materia, 00185 Roma, Italy
| | - Svemir Rudić
- ISIS Facility, STFC, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Chilton, Didcot OX11 0QX, U.K
| | - Roberto Senesi
- Università degli Studi di Roma "Tor Vergata", Dipartimento di Fisica and Centro NAST, Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Roma, Italy.,CNR-ISM, Via del Fosso del Cavaliere 100, 00133 Roma, Italy
| | - Carla Andreani
- Università degli Studi di Roma "Tor Vergata", Dipartimento di Fisica and Centro NAST, Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Roma, Italy.,CNR-IPCB, Via Campi Flegrei 34, Comprensorio "A. Olivetti", 80078 Pozzuoli, Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Gorini
- Università degli studi di Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza 3, 20126 Milano, Italy.,Istituto di Fisica del Plasma "P. Caldirola", Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, 20125 Milano, Italy
| | - Felix Fernandez-Alonso
- Materials Physics Centre, CSIC-UPV/EHU, Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 5, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain.,Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 4, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain.,Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, U.K.,IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Plaza Euskadi 5, 48009 Bilbao, Spain
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Granada JR, Márquez Damián JI, Dawidowski J, Robledo JI, Helman C, Romanelli G, Škoro G. Development of neutron scattering kernels for cold neutron reflector materials. JOURNAL OF NEUTRON RESEARCH 2021. [DOI: 10.3233/jnr-210013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The newest neutron scattering applications are highly intensity-limited techniques that demand reducing the neutron losses between source and detectors. In addition, the nuclear industry demands more accurate data and procedures for the design and optimization of advanced fission reactors, especially for the treatment of fuel and moderator materials. To meet these demands, it is necessary to improve the existing calculation tools, through the generation of better models that describe the interaction of neutrons with the systems of interest. The Neutron Physics Department at Centro Atomico Bariloche (CNEA, Argentina) has been developing over the time new models for the interaction of slow neutrons with materials, to produce scattering kernels and cross section data in the thermal and cold neutron energy region. Besides the studies carried out on neutron moderators, we have recently begun looking at materials that could serve as efficient neutron reflectors over those energy ranges. In this work we present the results of transmission and scattering experiments on diamond nanopowder and magnesium hydride, carried out simultaneously at the VESUVIO spectrometer (ISIS, UK), and compare them with newly generated cross-section libraries.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Rolando Granada
- Departamento Física de Neutrones, Centro Atómico Bariloche, Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica, RN, Argentina
| | | | - Javier Dawidowski
- Departamento Física de Neutrones, Centro Atómico Bariloche, Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica, RN, Argentina
- CONICET, Argentina
| | | | - Christian Helman
- Departamento Física de Neutrones, Centro Atómico Bariloche, Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica, RN, Argentina
| | - Giovanni Romanelli
- ISIS Facility, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Chilton, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 0QX,U.K
| | - Goran Škoro
- ISIS Facility, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Chilton, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 0QX,U.K
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Drużbicki K, Gaboardi M, Fernandez-Alonso F. Dynamics & Spectroscopy with Neutrons-Recent Developments & Emerging Opportunities. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:1440. [PMID: 33947108 PMCID: PMC8125526 DOI: 10.3390/polym13091440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
This work provides an up-to-date overview of recent developments in neutron spectroscopic techniques and associated computational tools to interrogate the structural properties and dynamical behavior of complex and disordered materials, with a focus on those of a soft and polymeric nature. These have and continue to pave the way for new scientific opportunities simply thought unthinkable not so long ago, and have particularly benefited from advances in high-resolution, broadband techniques spanning energy transfers from the meV to the eV. Topical areas include the identification and robust assignment of low-energy modes underpinning functionality in soft solids and supramolecular frameworks, or the quantification in the laboratory of hitherto unexplored nuclear quantum effects dictating thermodynamic properties. In addition to novel classes of materials, we also discuss recent discoveries around water and its phase diagram, which continue to surprise us. All throughout, emphasis is placed on linking these ongoing and exciting experimental and computational developments to specific scientific questions in the context of the discovery of new materials for sustainable technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kacper Drużbicki
- Materials Physics Center, CSIC-UPV/EHU, Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 5, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain;
- Polish Academy of Sciences, Center of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363 Lodz, Poland
| | - Mattia Gaboardi
- Elettra—Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., S.S. 14 km 163.5 in Area Science Park, 34149 Trieste, Italy;
| | - Felix Fernandez-Alonso
- Materials Physics Center, CSIC-UPV/EHU, Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 5, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain;
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 4, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Plaza Euskadi 5, 48009 Bilbao, Spain
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Colognesi D, Demmel F, Filabozzi A, Pietropaolo A, Pozio A, Romanelli G, Santucci A, Tosti S. Proton Dynamics in Palladium-Silver: An Inelastic Neutron Scattering Investigation. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25235587. [PMID: 33261164 PMCID: PMC7730539 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25235587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Revised: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Proton dynamics in Pd77Ag23 membranes is investigated by means of various neutron spectroscopic techniques, namely Quasi Elastic Neutron Scattering, Incoherent Inelastic Neutron Scattering, Neutron Transmission, and Deep Inelastic Neutron Scattering. Measurements carried out at the ISIS spallation neutron source using OSIRIS, MARI and VESUVIO spectrometers were performed at pressures of 1, 2, and 4 bar, and temperatures in the 330–673 K range. The energy interval spanned by the different instruments provides information on the proton dynamics in a time scale ranging from about 102 to 10−4 ps. The main finding is that the macroscopic diffusion process is determined by microscopic jump diffusion. In addition, the vibrational density of states of the H atoms in the metal lattice has been determined for a number of H concentrations and temperatures. These measurements follow a series of neutron diffraction experiments performed on the same sample and thus provide a complementary information for a thorough description of structural and dynamical properties of H-loaded Pd-Ag membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Colognesi
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Fisica Applicata “N. Carrara”, via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy;
| | - Franz Demmel
- Science and Technology Facilities Council, ISIS Facility, Harwell Oxford, Oxfordshire OX11 0QX, UK; (F.D.); (G.R.)
| | - Alessandra Filabozzi
- Università degli Studi di Roma “Tor Vergata”, Dipartimento di Fisica, Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Rome, Italy;
| | - Antonino Pietropaolo
- ENEA, Dipartimento di Fusione e Tecnologie per la Sicurezza Nucleare, via E. Fermi 45, 00044 Frascati, Italy; (A.S.); (S.T.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Alfonso Pozio
- ENEA, Dipartimento Tecnologie Energetiche, Via Anguillarese 301, 00123 S. Maria di Galeria (Rome), Italy;
| | - Giovanni Romanelli
- Science and Technology Facilities Council, ISIS Facility, Harwell Oxford, Oxfordshire OX11 0QX, UK; (F.D.); (G.R.)
| | - Alessia Santucci
- ENEA, Dipartimento di Fusione e Tecnologie per la Sicurezza Nucleare, via E. Fermi 45, 00044 Frascati, Italy; (A.S.); (S.T.)
| | - Silvano Tosti
- ENEA, Dipartimento di Fusione e Tecnologie per la Sicurezza Nucleare, via E. Fermi 45, 00044 Frascati, Italy; (A.S.); (S.T.)
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Yang L, He L, Huang D, Wang Y, Song Q, Zhao L, Shen X, Tian Z, Wang H. Three-dimensional hydrogen distribution and quantitative determination of titanium alloys via neutron tomography. Analyst 2020; 145:4156-4163. [PMID: 32412577 DOI: 10.1039/d0an00416b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Thermohydrogen processing (THP) is an attractive technique that uses hydrogen as a temporary alloying element to modify the microstructure and properties of titanium alloys. However, the hydrogen diffusion behavior during THP is not fully understood owing to limited scope of methods to detect hydrogen distributions. Herein, we introduce neutron tomography as an efficient tool for three-dimensional (3D) hydrogen distribution analysis and quantitative determination in hydrogenated titanium alloys after THP. Thus motivated, a series of calibration samples of Ti-6Al-4V alloys with varying hydrogen contents were prepared and elaborated neutron tomography experiments and image data processing were performed. In this way, the 3D hydrogen distribution of the hydrogenated samples was obtained and the quantitative relationship between the hydrogen contents and the tomographic images was determined. To the best of our knowledge, this enabled for the first time the direct 3D visualization and characterization of the hydrogen distribution and concentration in titanium alloys after THP. It was deduced that hydrogen diffused from the surface to the interior of the hydrogenated sample in all directions during THP. In addition, the feasibility of neutron tomography for 3D quantitative hydrogen distribution was validated using continuous sample segmentation and the traditional heat conductivity method. Consequently, neutron tomography can be efficient for determining the hydrogen distribution and concentration in bulk metals and shed light on the hydrogen diffusion behavior and the mechanism of hydrogen-related materials and processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lixia Yang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Metal Materials Characterization, Central Iron and Steel Research Institute, Beijing 100081, China.
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