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Zuo S, Peng Q, Luo T, Wang Y, Peng Z. Microwave-assisted synthesis of composites based on titanium and hydroxyapatite for dental implantation. Biomater Sci 2023; 12:92-107. [PMID: 37965798 DOI: 10.1039/d3bm01151h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2023]
Abstract
Titanium (Ti) and its alloys are widely used in clinical practice. As they are not bioactive, hydroxyapatite (HA) is commonly used to modify them. This study offered a review of microwave-assisted synthesis of composites based on Ti and HA for dental implantation by exploring their interaction mechanisms with microwave and features of two main techniques, namely microwave coating and sintering, along with current challenges and potential solutions in the field. It was shown that microwave coating enables rapid deposition of HA, but suffers from problems such as uneven coating thickness, poor integrity and unstable composition of the products. They can be solved by creating interlayers, combining the spin coating technique, etc. Unlike microwave coating, microwave sintering can effectively modify the mechanical properties of the composites, despite the shortcomings of excessive elastic moduli and potential HA decomposition. These issues are expected to be addressed by adding alloying elements and employing appropriate materials as space holders and ion-doped HA for sintering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shangyong Zuo
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Qian Peng
- Xiangya Stomatological Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China.
- Xiangya School of Stomatology, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Oral Health Research, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Ting Luo
- Xiangya Stomatological Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China.
- Xiangya School of Stomatology, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Oral Health Research, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Yuehong Wang
- Xiangya Stomatological Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China.
- Xiangya School of Stomatology, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Oral Health Research, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Zhiwei Peng
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
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Wang X, Huang S, Peng Q. Metal Ion-Doped Hydroxyapatite-Based Materials for Bone Defect Restoration. Bioengineering (Basel) 2023; 10:1367. [PMID: 38135958 PMCID: PMC10741145 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering10121367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Hydroxyapatite (HA)-based materials are widely used in the bone defect restoration field due to their stable physical properties, good biocompatibility, and bone induction potential. To further improve their performance with extra functions such as antibacterial activity, various kinds of metal ion-doped HA-based materials have been proposed and synthesized. This paper offered a comprehensive review of metal ion-doped HA-based materials for bone defect restoration based on the introduction of the physicochemical characteristics of HA followed by the synthesis methods, properties, and applications of different kinds of metal ion (Ag+, Zn2+, Mg2+, Sr2+, Sm3+, and Ce3+)-doped HA-based materials. In addition, the underlying challenges for bone defect restoration using these materials and potential solutions were discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Wang
- Xiangya Stomatological Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China;
- Xiangya School of Stomatology, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Shan Huang
- Changsha Health Vocational College, Changsha 410100, China;
| | - Qian Peng
- Xiangya Stomatological Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China;
- Xiangya School of Stomatology, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
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3
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Mazzoni E, Iaquinta MR, Mosaico M, De Pace R, D'Agostino A, Tognon M, Martini F. Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Innovative Scaffolds for Bone Tissue Engineering Applications. TISSUE ENGINEERING. PART B, REVIEWS 2023; 29:514-531. [PMID: 37212264 DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2022.0217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Stem cell-based therapy is a significant topic in regenerative medicine, with a predominant role being played by human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs). The hMSCs have been shown to be suitable in regenerative medicine for the treatment of bone tissue. In the last few years, the average lifespan of our population has gradually increased. The need of biocompatible materials, which exhibit high performances, such as efficiency in bone regeneration, has been highlighted by aging. Current studies emphasize the benefit of using biomimetic biomaterials, also known as scaffolds, for bone grafts to speed up bone repair at the fracture site. For the healing of injured bone and bone regeneration, regenerative medicine techniques utilizing a combination of these biomaterials, together with cells and bioactive substances, have drawn a great interest. Cell therapy, based on the use of hMSCs, alongside materials for the healing of damaged bone, has obtained promising results. In this work, several aspects of cell biology, tissue engineering, and biomaterials applied to bone healing/regrowth will be considered. In addition, the role of hMSCs in these fields and recent progress in clinical applications are discussed. Impact Statement The restoration of large bone defects is both a challenging clinical issue and a socioeconomic problem on a global scale. Different therapeutic approaches have been proposed for human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs), considering their paracrine effect and potential differentiation into osteoblasts. However, different limitations are still to be overcome in using hMSCs as a therapeutic opportunity in bone fracture repair, including hMSC administration methods. To identify a suitable hMSC delivery system, new strategies have been proposed using innovative biomaterials. This review provides an update of the literature on hMSC/scaffold clinical applications for the management of bone fractures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Mazzoni
- Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, and University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Maria Rosa Iaquinta
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
- Dentistry and Maxillo-Facial Surgery Unit, Department of Surgery, Dentistry, Paediatrics and Gynaecology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Maria Mosaico
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Raffaella De Pace
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Antonio D'Agostino
- Dentistry and Maxillo-Facial Surgery Unit, Department of Surgery, Dentistry, Paediatrics and Gynaecology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Mauro Tognon
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Fernanda Martini
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
- Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
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Alt V, Walter N, Rupp M, Begué T, Plecko M. Bone defect filling with a novel rattan-wood based not-sintered hydroxyapatite and beta-tricalcium phosphate material (b.Bone™) after tricortical bone graft harvesting - A consecutive clinical case series of 9 patients. Trauma Case Rep 2023; 44:100805. [PMID: 36851907 PMCID: PMC9958041 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcr.2023.100805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Harvesting of tricortical bone graft from the iliac crest is an integral part of bone defect reconstruction in orthopaedic surgery. There are several options for filling the iliac crest defect area to avoid hematoma, pain, hernias and cosmetic issues, including different gelatin-based and other alternative biomaterials. Recently, a novel rattan-wood based not-sintered hydroxyapatite and beta-tricalcium phosphate material (b.Bone™, GreenBone ORTHO S.p.A Faenza, Italy) was shown to promote bone healing in an experimental setting. The goal of the current work is to report clinical and radiographical outcomes of a consecutive case series of 9 patients with defect filling at the iliac crest with this novel scaffold biomaterial after tricortical bone graft harvesting with a minimum follow-up of 6 months. All 9 patients (8 male, 1 female) with an average age of 42.7 years (range: 18-76 years) had tricortical bone graft harvesting from the iliac crest for different reconstructive procedures at the extremities and received blocks of the biomaterial with an average size of 26.3 × 16.8 × 10 mm (length, height, width; range: 15 × 15 × 10 to 40 × 20 × 10 mm). Intraoperative handling of the biomaterial was easy and the blocks could be customized to the individual size of the defect with standard surgical instruments and were press-fitted into the defect. All 9 patients showed uneventful wound healing at the iliac crest and 7 patients reported no pain (VAS: 0) and two patients only mild pain (VAS:1 and VAS:3) after an average follow-up of 9.8 months (range: 6-16 months). There was no post-operative hematoma, surgical revision or other implant-related complications at the iliac crest. In all patients, good radiographical integration without dislocation of the implant and good bony integration was observed. The use of this novel biomaterial for iliac crest defect filling was associated with good clinical and radiographical outcomes after an average follow-up of 9.8 months.
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Affiliation(s)
- Volker Alt
- Department of Trauma Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, Germany
| | - Nike Walter
- Department of Trauma Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, Germany
| | - Markus Rupp
- Department of Trauma Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, Germany
| | - Thierry Begué
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Antoine Beclere Hospital, University Paris-Saclay, France
| | - Michael Plecko
- AUVA - Trauma Center Styria (UKH) Hospital Graz, Austria
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A Review of Biomimetic and Biodegradable Magnetic Scaffolds for Bone Tissue Engineering and Oncology. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24054312. [PMID: 36901743 PMCID: PMC10001544 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone defects characterized by limited regenerative properties are considered a priority in surgical practice, as they are associated with reduced quality of life and high costs. In bone tissue engineering, different types of scaffolds are used. These implants represent structures with well-established properties that play an important role as delivery vectors or cellular systems for cells, growth factors, bioactive molecules, chemical compounds, and drugs. The scaffold must provide a microenvironment with increased regenerative potential at the damage site. Magnetic nanoparticles are linked to an intrinsic magnetic field, and when they are incorporated into biomimetic scaffold structures, they can sustain osteoconduction, osteoinduction, and angiogenesis. Some studies have shown that combining ferromagnetic or superparamagnetic nanoparticles and external stimuli such as an electromagnetic field or laser light can enhance osteogenesis and angiogenesis and even lead to cancer cell death. These therapies are based on in vitro and in vivo studies and could be included in clinical trials for large bone defect regeneration and cancer treatments in the near future. We highlight the scaffolds' main attributes and focus on natural and synthetic polymeric biomaterials combined with magnetic nanoparticles and their production methods. Then, we underline the structural and morphological aspects of the magnetic scaffolds and their mechanical, thermal, and magnetic properties. Great attention is devoted to the magnetic field effects on bone cells, biocompatibility, and osteogenic impact of the polymeric scaffolds reinforced with magnetic nanoparticles. We explain the biological processes activated due to magnetic particles' presence and underline their possible toxic effects. We present some studies regarding animal tests and potential clinical applications of magnetic polymeric scaffolds.
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d’Adamo A, Salerno E, Corda G, Ongaro C, Zardin B, Ruffini A, Orlandi G, Bertacchini J, Angeli D. Experimental measurements and CFD modelling of hydroxyapatite scaffolds in perfusion bioreactors for bone regeneration. Regen Biomater 2023; 10:rbad002. [PMID: 36751469 PMCID: PMC9893872 DOI: 10.1093/rb/rbad002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
In the field of bone tissue engineering, particular interest is devoted to the development of 3D cultures to study bone cell proliferation under conditions similar to in vivo ones, e.g. by artificially producing mechanical stresses promoting a biological response (mechanotransduction). Of particular relevance in this context are the effects generated by the flow shear stress, which governs the nutrients delivery rate to the growing cells and which can be controlled in perfusion reactors. However, the introduction of 3D scaffolds complicates the direct measurement of the generated shear stress on the adhered cells inside the matrix, thus jeopardizing the potential of using multi-dimensional matrices. In this study, an anisotropic hydroxyapatite-based set of scaffolds is considered as a 3D biomimetic support for bone cells deposition and growth. Measurements of sample-specific flow resistance are carried out using a perfusion system, accompanied by a visual characterization of the material structure. From the obtained results, a subset of three samples is reproduced using 3D-Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) techniques and the models are validated by virtually replicating the flow resistance measurement. Once a good agreement is found, the analysis of flow-induced shear stress on the inner B-HA structure is carried out based on simulation results. Finally, a statistical analysis leads to a simplified expression to correlate the flow resistance with the entity and extensions of wall shear stress inside the scaffold. The study applies CFD to overcome the limitations of experiments, allowing for an advancement in multi-dimensional cell cultures by elucidating the flow conditions in 3D reactors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Elisabetta Salerno
- Centro Interdipartimentale per la Ricerca Applicata e i Servizi nella Meccanica Avanzata e nella Motoristica InterMech-MO.RE, Piazzale Europa, 1, Reggio Emilia RE 42124, Italy,Department of Sciences and Methods for Engineering, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia 42122, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Corda
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Enzo Ferrari, Università degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Modena 41125, Italy
| | - Claudio Ongaro
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Enzo Ferrari, Università degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Modena 41125, Italy
| | - Barbara Zardin
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Enzo Ferrari, Università degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Modena 41125, Italy
| | - Andrea Ruffini
- Institute of Science and Technology for Ceramics (ISTEC), National Research Council (CNR), Faenza 48018, Italy
| | - Giulia Orlandi
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences with Interest in Transplant, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena 41125, Italy
| | - Jessika Bertacchini
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences with Interest in Transplant, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena 41125, Italy,Istituto di Genetica Molecolare “Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza”, Consiglio Nazionale della Ricerca (IGM-CNR), Bologna 40136, Italy
| | - Diego Angeli
- Department of Sciences and Methods for Engineering, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia 42122, Italy
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7
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Dapporto M, Tavoni M, Restivo E, Carella F, Bruni G, Mercatali L, Visai L, Tampieri A, Iafisco M, Sprio S. Strontium-doped apatitic bone cements with tunable antibacterial and antibiofilm ability. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:969641. [PMID: 36568303 PMCID: PMC9780487 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.969641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Injectable calcium phosphate cements (CPCs) represent promising candidates for the regeneration of complex-shape bone defects, thanks to self-hardening ability, bioactive composition and nanostructure offering high specific surface area for cell attachment and conduction. Such features make CPCs also interesting for functionalization with various biomolecules, towards the generation of multifunctional devices with enhanced therapeutic ability. In particular, strontium-doped CPCs have been studied in the last years due to the intrinsic antiosteoporotic character of strontium. In this work, a SrCPC previously reported as osteointegrative and capable to modulate the fate of bone cells was enriched with hydroxyapatite nanoparticles (HA-NPs) functionalized with tetracycline (TC) to provide antibacterial activity. We found that HA-NPs functionalized with TC (NP-TC) can act as modulator of the drug release profile when embedded in SrCPCs, thus providing a sustained and tunable TC release. In vitro microbiological tests on Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus strains proved effective bacteriostatic and bactericidal properties, especially for the NP-TC loaded SrCPC formulations. Overall, our results indicate that the addition of NP-TC on CPC acted as effective modulator towards a tunable drug release control in the treatment of bone infections or cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimiliano Dapporto
- Institute of Science, Technology and Sustainability for Ceramics (ISSMC) (Former ISTEC), National Research Council (CNR), Faenza, Italy
| | - Marta Tavoni
- Institute of Science, Technology and Sustainability for Ceramics (ISSMC) (Former ISTEC), National Research Council (CNR), Faenza, Italy
| | - Elisa Restivo
- Molecular Medicine Department, Center for Health Technologies, UdR INSTM, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Francesca Carella
- Institute of Science, Technology and Sustainability for Ceramics (ISSMC) (Former ISTEC), National Research Council (CNR), Faenza, Italy
| | - Giovanna Bruni
- Department of Chemistry, Physical Chemistry Section, Center for Colloid and Surfaces Science, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Laura Mercatali
- Osteoncology Unit, Bioscience Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) “Dino Amadori”, Meldola, Italy
| | - Livia Visai
- Institute of Science, Technology and Sustainability for Ceramics (ISSMC) (Former ISTEC), National Research Council (CNR), Faenza, Italy,Molecular Medicine Department, Center for Health Technologies, UdR INSTM, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy,Medicina Clinica-Specialistica, UOR5 Laboratorio di Nanotecnologie, ICS Maugeri. IRCCS, Pavia, Italy
| | - Anna Tampieri
- Institute of Science, Technology and Sustainability for Ceramics (ISSMC) (Former ISTEC), National Research Council (CNR), Faenza, Italy
| | - Michele Iafisco
- Institute of Science, Technology and Sustainability for Ceramics (ISSMC) (Former ISTEC), National Research Council (CNR), Faenza, Italy,*Correspondence: Michele Iafisco, ; Simone Sprio,
| | - Simone Sprio
- Institute of Science, Technology and Sustainability for Ceramics (ISSMC) (Former ISTEC), National Research Council (CNR), Faenza, Italy,*Correspondence: Michele Iafisco, ; Simone Sprio,
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Design Strategies and Biomimetic Approaches for Calcium Phosphate Scaffolds in Bone Tissue Regeneration. Biomimetics (Basel) 2022; 7:biomimetics7030112. [PMID: 35997432 PMCID: PMC9397031 DOI: 10.3390/biomimetics7030112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone is a complex biologic tissue, which is extremely relevant for various physiological functions, in addition to movement, organ protection, and weight bearing. The repair of critical size bone defects is a still unmet clinical need, and over the past decades, material scientists have been expending efforts to find effective technological solutions, based on the use of scaffolds. In this context, biomimetics which is intended as the ability of a scaffold to reproduce compositional and structural features of the host tissues, is increasingly considered as a guide for this purpose. However, the achievement of implants that mimic the very complex bone composition, multi-scale structure, and mechanics is still an open challenge. Indeed, despite the fact that calcium phosphates are widely recognized as elective biomaterials to fabricate regenerative bone scaffolds, their processing into 3D devices with suitable cell-instructing features is still prevented by insurmountable drawbacks. With respect to biomaterials science, new approaches maybe conceived to gain ground and promise for a substantial leap forward in this field. The present review provides an overview of physicochemical and structural features of bone tissue that are responsible for its biologic behavior. Moreover, relevant and recent technological approaches, also inspired by natural processes and structures, are described, which can be considered as a leverage for future development of next generation bioactive medical devices.
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9
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Salerno E, Orlandi G, Ongaro C, d’Adamo A, Ruffini A, Carnevale G, Zardin B, Bertacchini J, Angeli D. Liquid flow in scaffold derived from natural source: experimental observations and biological outcome. Regen Biomater 2022; 9:rbac034. [PMID: 35747746 PMCID: PMC9211004 DOI: 10.1093/rb/rbac034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigates the biological effects on a 3D scaffold based on hydroxyapatite cultured with MC3T3 osteoblasts in response to flow-induced shear stress (FSS). The scaffold adopted here (B-HA) derives from the biomorphic transformation of natural wood and its peculiar channel geometry mimics the porous structure of the bone. From the point of view of fluid dynamics, B-HA can be considered a network of micro-channels, intrinsically offering the advantages of a microfluidic system. This work, for the first time, offers a description of the fluid dynamic properties of the B-HA scaffold, which are strongly connected to its morphology. These features are necessary to determine the FSS ranges to be applied during in vitro studies to get physiologically relevant conditions. The selected ranges of FSS promoted the elongation of the attached cells along the flow direction and early osteogenic cell differentiation. These data confirmed the ability of B-HA to promote the differentiation process along osteogenic lineage. Hence, such a bioactive and naturally derived scaffold can be considered as a promising tool for bone regeneration applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabetta Salerno
- CNR-NANO S3 Research Center on nanoStructures and bioSystems at Surfaces , via Campi 213/A, Modena, I-41125, Italy
- University of Modena and Reggio Emilia Department of Sciences and Methods for Engineering, , Via Amendola 2, Reggio Emilia, 42122, Italy
| | - Giulia Orlandi
- University of Modena and Reggio Emilia Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences with Interest in Transplant, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine, , Via del Pozzo 71, Modena, 41125, Italy
| | - Claudio Ongaro
- DIEF-Engineering Department “Enzo Ferrari” , Via Pietro Vivarelli 10, Modena, 41125, Italy
| | - Alessandro d’Adamo
- DIEF-Engineering Department “Enzo Ferrari” , Via Pietro Vivarelli 10, Modena, 41125, Italy
| | - Andrea Ruffini
- National Research Council (CNR) Institute of Science and Technology for Ceramics (ISTEC), , Via Granarolo 64, Faenza, 48018, Italy
| | - Gianluca Carnevale
- University of Modena and Reggio Emilia Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences with Interest in Transplant, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine, , Via del Pozzo 71, Modena, 41125, Italy
| | - Barbara Zardin
- DIEF-Engineering Department “Enzo Ferrari” , Via Pietro Vivarelli 10, Modena, 41125, Italy
| | - Jessika Bertacchini
- University of Modena and Reggio Emilia Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences with Interest in Transplant, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine, , Via del Pozzo 71, Modena, 41125, Italy
| | - Diego Angeli
- University of Modena and Reggio Emilia Department of Sciences and Methods for Engineering, , Via Amendola 2, Reggio Emilia, 42122, Italy
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Evaluation of Human Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stromal Cell (MSC) Functions on a Biomorphic Rattan-Wood-Derived Scaffold: A Comparison between Cultured and Uncultured MSCs. Bioengineering (Basel) 2021; 9:bioengineering9010001. [PMID: 35049710 PMCID: PMC8773042 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering9010001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The reconstruction of large bone defects requires the use of biocompatible osteoconductive scaffolds. These scaffolds are often loaded with the patient’s own bone marrow (BM) cells to facilitate osteoinductivity and biological potency. Scaffolds that are naturally sourced and fabricated through biomorphic transitions of rattan wood (B-HA scaffolds) offer a unique advantage of higher mechanical strength and bioactivity. In this study, we investigated the ability of a biomorphic B-HA scaffold (B-HA) to support the attachment, survival and gene expression profile of human uncultured BM-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (BMSCs, n = 6) and culture expanded MSCs (cMSCs, n = 7) in comparison to a sintered, porous HA scaffold (S-HA). B-HA scaffolds supported BMSC attachment (average 98%) and their survival up to 4 weeks in culture. Flow cytometry confirmed the phenotype of cMSCs on the scaffolds. Gene expression indicated clear segregation between cMSCs and BMSCs with MSC osteogenesis- and adipogenesis-related genes including RUNX2, PPARγ, ALP and FABP4 being higher expressed in BMSCs. These data indicated a unique transcriptional signature of BMSCs that was distinct from that of cMSCs regardless of the type of scaffold or time in culture. There was no statistical difference in the expression of osteogenic genes in BMSCs or cMSCs in B-HA compared to S-HA. VEGF release from cMSCs co-cultured with human endothelial cells (n = 4) on B-HA scaffolds suggested significantly higher supernatant concentration with endothelial cells on day 14. This indicated a potential mechanism for providing vasculature to the repair area when such scaffolds are used for treating large bone defects.
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11
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Calcium-Based Biomineralization: A Smart Approach for the Design of Novel Multifunctional Hybrid Materials. JOURNAL OF COMPOSITES SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/jcs5100278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Biomineralization consists of a complex cascade of phenomena generating hybrid nano-structured materials based on organic (e.g., polymer) and inorganic (e.g., hydroxyapatite) components. Biomineralization is a biomimetic process useful to produce highly biomimetic and biocompatible materials resembling natural hard tissues such as bones and teeth. In detail, biomimetic materials, composed of hydroxyapatite nanoparticles (HA) nucleated on an organic matrix, show extremely versatile chemical compositions and physical properties, which can be controlled to address specific challenges. Indeed, different parameters, including (i) the partial substitution of mimetic doping ions within the HA lattice, (ii) the use of different organic matrices, and (iii) the choice of cross-linking processes, can be finely tuned. In the present review, we mainly focused on calcium biomineralization. Besides regenerative medicine, these multifunctional materials have been largely exploited for other applications including 3D printable materials and in vitro three-dimensional (3D) models for cancer studies and for drug testing. Additionally, biomineralized multifunctional nano-particles can be involved in applications ranging from nanomedicine as fully bioresorbable drug delivery systems to the development of innovative and eco-sustainable UV physical filters for skin protection from solar radiations.
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Kon E, Salamanna F, Filardo G, Di Matteo B, Shabshin N, Shani J, Fini M, Perdisa F, Parrilli A, Sprio S, Ruffini A, Marcacci M, Tampieri A. Bone Regeneration in Load-Bearing Segmental Defects, Guided by Biomorphic, Hierarchically Structured Apatitic Scaffold. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 9:734486. [PMID: 34646817 PMCID: PMC8503888 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.734486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The regeneration of load-bearing segmental bone defects remains a significant clinical problem in orthopedics, mainly due to the lack of scaffolds with composition and 3D porous structure effective in guiding and sustaining new bone formation and vascularization in large bone defects. In the present study, biomorphic calcium phosphate bone scaffolds (GreenBone™) featuring osteon-mimicking, hierarchically organized, 3D porous structure and lamellar nano-architecture were implanted in a critical cortical defect in sheep and compared with allograft. Two different types of scaffolds were tested: one made of ion-doped hydroxyapatite/β-tricalcium-phosphate (GB-1) and other made of undoped hydroxyapatite only (GB-2). X-ray diffraction patterns of GB-1 and GB-2 confirmed that both scaffolds were made of hydroxyapatite, with a minor amount of β-TCP in GB-1. The chemical composition analysis, obtained by ICP-OES spectrometer, highlighted the carbonation extent and the presence of small amounts of Mg and Sr as doping ions in GB-1. SEM micrographs showed the channel-like wide open porosity of the biomorphic scaffolds and the typical architecture of internal channel walls, characterized by a cell structure mimicking the natural parenchyma of the rattan wood used as a template for the scaffold fabrication. Both GB-1 and GB-2 scaffolds show very similar porosity extent and 3D organization, as also revealed by mercury intrusion porosimetry. Comparing the two scaffolds, GB-1 showed slightly higher fracture strength, as well as improved stability at the stress plateau. In comparison to allograft, at the follow-up time of 6 months, both GB-1 and GB-2 scaffolds showed higher new bone formation and quality of regenerated bone (trabecular thickness, number, and separation). In addition, higher osteoid surface (OS/BS), osteoid thickness (OS.Th), osteoblast surface (Ob.S/BS), vessels/microvessels numbers, as well as substantial osteoclast-mediated implant resorption were observed. The highest values in OS.Th and Ob. S/BS parameters were found in GB-1 scaffold. Finally, Bone Mineralization Index of new bone within scaffolds, as determined by micro-indentation, showed a significantly higher microhardness for GB-1 scaffold in comparison to GB-2. These findings suggested that the biomorphic calcium phosphate scaffolds were able to promote regeneration of load-bearing segmental bone defects in a clinically relevant scenario, which still represents one of the greatest challenges in orthopedics nowadays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizaveta Kon
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Italy
| | - Francesca Salamanna
- Complex Structure of Surgical Sciences and Technologies - IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Filardo
- Applied and Translational Research Center, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
- First Moscow State Medical University - Sechenov University, Moscow, Russia
- Department of Radiology, Emek Medical Center, Clalit Healthcare Services, Afula, Israel
| | - Berardo Di Matteo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
- First Moscow State Medical University - Sechenov University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Nogah Shabshin
- Department of Radiology, Emek Medical Center, Clalit Healthcare Services, Afula, Israel
- Department of Radiology, Pennmedicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Jonathan Shani
- Chavat Daat Veterinary Referral Center, Beit Berl, Israel
| | - Milena Fini
- Complex Structure of Surgical Sciences and Technologies - IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Francesco Perdisa
- Hip and Knee Replacement Division, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Annapaola Parrilli
- Empa - Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Center for X-ray Analytics, Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Simone Sprio
- Institute of Science and Technology for Ceramics, National Research Council, Faenza, Italy
| | - Andrea Ruffini
- Institute of Science and Technology for Ceramics, National Research Council, Faenza, Italy
| | - Maurilio Marcacci
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Italy
| | - Anna Tampieri
- Institute of Science and Technology for Ceramics, National Research Council, Faenza, Italy
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13
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Sprio S, Ruffini A, Tampieri A. Biomorphic Transformations: A Leap Forward in Getting Nanostructured 3-D Bioceramics. Front Chem 2021; 9:728907. [PMID: 34557475 PMCID: PMC8452985 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2021.728907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Obtaining 3-D inorganic devices with designed chemical composition, complex geometry, hierarchic structure and effective mechanical performance is a major scientific goal, still prevented by insurmountable technological limitations. With particular respect to the biomedical field, there is a lack in solutions ensuring the regeneration of long, load-bearing bone segments such as the ones of limbs, due to the still unmet goal of converging, in a unique device, bioactive chemical composition, multi-scale cell-conducive porosity and a hierarchically organized architecture capable of bearing and managing complex mechanical loads in a unique 3D implant. An emerging, but still very poorly explored approach in this respect, is given by biomorphic transformation processes, aimed at converting natural structures into functional 3D inorganic constructs with smart mechanical performance. Recent studies highlighted the use of heterogeneous gas-solid reactions as a valuable approach to obtain effective transformation of natural woods into hierarchically structured apatitic bone scaffolds. In this light, the present review illustrates critical aspects related to the application of such heterogeneous reactions when occurring in the 3D state, showing the relevance of a thorough kinetic control to achieve controlled phase transformations while maintaining the multi-scale architecture and the outstanding mechanical performance of the starting natural structure. These first results encourage the further investigation towards the biologic structures optimized by nature along the ages and then the development of biomorphic transformations as a radically new approach to enable a technological breakthrough in various research fields and opening to still unexplored industrial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Sprio
- Institute of Science and Technology for Ceramics, Italian National Research Council, Faenza, Italy
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14
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Bioactive Calcium Phosphate-Based Composites for Bone Regeneration. JOURNAL OF COMPOSITES SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/jcs5090227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Calcium phosphates (CaPs) are widely accepted biomaterials able to promote the regeneration of bone tissue. However, the regeneration of critical-sized bone defects has been considered challenging, and the development of bioceramics exhibiting enhanced bioactivity, bioresorbability and mechanical performance is highly demanded. In this respect, the tuning of their chemical composition, crystal size and morphology have been the matter of intense research in the last decades, including the preparation of composites. The development of effective bioceramic composite scaffolds relies on effective manufacturing techniques able to control the final multi-scale porosity of the devices, relevant to ensure osteointegration and bio-competent mechanical performance. In this context, the present work provides an overview about the reported strategies to develop and optimize bioceramics, while also highlighting future perspectives in the development of bioactive ceramic composites for bone tissue regeneration.
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15
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Ruffini A, Sandri M, Dapporto M, Campodoni E, Tampieri A, Sprio S. Nature-Inspired Unconventional Approaches to Develop 3D Bioceramic Scaffolds with Enhanced Regenerative Ability. Biomedicines 2021; 9:916. [PMID: 34440120 PMCID: PMC8389705 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9080916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Material science is a relevant discipline in support of regenerative medicine. Indeed, tissue regeneration requires the use of scaffolds able to guide and sustain the natural cell metabolism towards tissue regrowth. This need is particularly important in musculoskeletal regeneration, such as in the case of diseased bone or osteocartilaginous regions for which calcium phosphate-based scaffolds are considered as the golden solution. However, various technological barriers related to conventional ceramic processing have thus far hampered the achievement of biomimetic and bioactive scaffolds as effective solutions for still unmet clinical needs in orthopaedics. Driven by such highly impacting socioeconomic needs, new nature-inspired approaches promise to make a technological leap forward in the development of advanced biomaterials. The present review illustrates ion-doped apatites as biomimetic materials whose bioactivity resides in their unstable chemical composition and nanocrystallinity, both of which are, however, destroyed by the classical sintering treatment. In the following, recent nature-inspired methods preventing the use of high-temperature treatments, based on (i) chemically hardening bioceramics, (ii) biomineralisation process, and (iii) biomorphic transformations, are illustrated. These methods can generate products with advanced biofunctional properties, particularly biomorphic transformations represent an emerging approach that could pave the way to a technological leap forward in medicine and also in various other application fields.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Anna Tampieri
- Institute of Science and Technology for Ceramics, National Research Council, 48018 Faenza, Italy; (A.R.); (M.S.); (M.D.); (E.C.)
| | - Simone Sprio
- Institute of Science and Technology for Ceramics, National Research Council, 48018 Faenza, Italy; (A.R.); (M.S.); (M.D.); (E.C.)
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16
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Iaquinta MR, Torreggiani E, Mazziotta C, Ruffini A, Sprio S, Tampieri A, Tognon M, Martini F, Mazzoni E. In Vitro Osteoinductivity Assay of Hydroxylapatite Scaffolds, Obtained with Biomorphic Transformation Processes, Assessed Using Human Adipose Stem Cell Cultures. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22137092. [PMID: 34209351 PMCID: PMC8267654 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22137092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, the in vitro biocompatibility and osteoinductive ability of a recently developed biomorphic hydroxylapatite ceramic scaffold (B-HA) derived from transformation of wood structures were analyzed using human adipose stem cells (hASCs). Cell viability and metabolic activity were evaluated in hASCs, parental cells and in recombinant genetically engineered hASC-eGFP cells expressing the green fluorescence protein. B-HA osteoinductivity properties, such as differentially expressed genes (DEG) involved in the skeletal development pathway, osteocalcin (OCN) protein expression and mineral matrix deposition in hASCs, were evaluated. In vitro induction of osteoblastic genes, such as Alkaline phosphatase (ALPL), Bone gamma-carboxyglutamate (gla) protein (BGLAP), SMAD family member 3 (SMAD3), Sp7 transcription factor (SP7) and Transforming growth factor, beta 3 (TGFB3) and Tumor necrosis factor (ligand) superfamily, member 11 (TNFSF11)/Receptor activator of NF-κB (RANK) ligand (RANKL), involved in osteoclast differentiation, was undertaken in cells grown on B-HA. Chondrogenic transcription factor SRY (sex determining region Y)-box 9 (SOX9), tested up-regulated in hASCs grown on the B-HA scaffold. Gene expression enhancement in the skeletal development pathway was detected in hASCs using B-HA compared to sintered hydroxylapatite (S-HA). OCN protein expression and calcium deposition were increased in hASCs grown on B-HA in comparison with the control. This study demonstrates the biocompatibility of the novel biomorphic B-HA scaffold and its potential use in osteogenic differentiation for hASCs. Our data highlight the relevance of B-HA for bone regeneration purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Rosa Iaquinta
- Department of Medical Sciences, Section of Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Ferrara, 64b Fossato di Mortara Street, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (M.R.I.); (E.T.); (C.M.); (E.M.)
| | - Elena Torreggiani
- Department of Medical Sciences, Section of Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Ferrara, 64b Fossato di Mortara Street, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (M.R.I.); (E.T.); (C.M.); (E.M.)
| | - Chiara Mazziotta
- Department of Medical Sciences, Section of Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Ferrara, 64b Fossato di Mortara Street, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (M.R.I.); (E.T.); (C.M.); (E.M.)
| | - Andrea Ruffini
- Institute of Science and Technology for Ceramics, National Research Council, 48018 Faenza, Italy; (A.R.); (S.S.); (A.T.)
| | - Simone Sprio
- Institute of Science and Technology for Ceramics, National Research Council, 48018 Faenza, Italy; (A.R.); (S.S.); (A.T.)
| | - Anna Tampieri
- Institute of Science and Technology for Ceramics, National Research Council, 48018 Faenza, Italy; (A.R.); (S.S.); (A.T.)
| | - Mauro Tognon
- Department of Medical Sciences, Section of Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Ferrara, 64b Fossato di Mortara Street, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (M.R.I.); (E.T.); (C.M.); (E.M.)
- Correspondence: (M.T.); (F.M.)
| | - Fernanda Martini
- Department of Medical Sciences, Section of Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Ferrara, 64b Fossato di Mortara Street, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (M.R.I.); (E.T.); (C.M.); (E.M.)
- Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies (LTTA), University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
- Correspondence: (M.T.); (F.M.)
| | - Elisa Mazzoni
- Department of Medical Sciences, Section of Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Ferrara, 64b Fossato di Mortara Street, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (M.R.I.); (E.T.); (C.M.); (E.M.)
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17
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Tampieri A, Sandri M, Iafisco M, Panseri S, Montesi M, Adamiano A, Dapporto M, Campodoni E, Dozio SM, Degli Esposti L, Sprio S. Nanotechnological approach and bio-inspired materials to face degenerative diseases in aging. Aging Clin Exp Res 2021; 33:805-821. [PMID: 31595428 DOI: 10.1007/s40520-019-01365-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2019] [Accepted: 09/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The aging of the world population is increasingly claimed as an alarming situation, since an ever-raising number of persons in advanced age but still physically active is expected to suffer from invalidating and degenerative diseases. The impairment of the endogenous healing potential provoked by the aging requires the development of more effective and personalized therapies, based on new biomaterials and devices able to direct the cell fate to stimulate and sustain the regrowth of damaged or diseased tissues. To obtain satisfactory results, also in cases where the cell senescence, typical of the elderly, makes the regeneration process harder and longer, the new solutions have to possess excellent ability to mimic the physiological extracellular environment and thus exert biomimetic stimuli on stem cells. To this purpose, the "biomimetic concept" is today recognized as elective to fabricate bioactive and bioresorbable devices such as hybrid osteochondral scaffolds and bioactive bone cements closely resembling the natural hard tissues and with enhanced regenerative ability. The review will illustrate some recent results related to these new biomimetic materials developed for application in different districts of the musculoskeletal system, namely bony, osteochondral and periodontal regions, and the spine. Further, it will be shown how new bioactive and superparamagnetic calcium phosphate nanoparticles can give enhanced results in cardiac regeneration and cancer therapy. Since tissue regeneration will be a major demand in the incoming decades, the high potential of biomimetic materials and devices is promising to significantly increase the healing rate and improve the clinical outcomes even in aged patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Tampieri
- Institute of Science and Technology for Ceramics, National Research Council, Via Granarolo 64, 48018, Faenza, RA, Italy
| | - Monica Sandri
- Institute of Science and Technology for Ceramics, National Research Council, Via Granarolo 64, 48018, Faenza, RA, Italy
| | - Michele Iafisco
- Institute of Science and Technology for Ceramics, National Research Council, Via Granarolo 64, 48018, Faenza, RA, Italy
| | - Silvia Panseri
- Institute of Science and Technology for Ceramics, National Research Council, Via Granarolo 64, 48018, Faenza, RA, Italy
| | - Monica Montesi
- Institute of Science and Technology for Ceramics, National Research Council, Via Granarolo 64, 48018, Faenza, RA, Italy
| | - Alessio Adamiano
- Institute of Science and Technology for Ceramics, National Research Council, Via Granarolo 64, 48018, Faenza, RA, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Dapporto
- Institute of Science and Technology for Ceramics, National Research Council, Via Granarolo 64, 48018, Faenza, RA, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Campodoni
- Institute of Science and Technology for Ceramics, National Research Council, Via Granarolo 64, 48018, Faenza, RA, Italy
| | - Samuele M Dozio
- Institute of Science and Technology for Ceramics, National Research Council, Via Granarolo 64, 48018, Faenza, RA, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Degli Esposti
- Institute of Science and Technology for Ceramics, National Research Council, Via Granarolo 64, 48018, Faenza, RA, Italy
| | - Simone Sprio
- Institute of Science and Technology for Ceramics, National Research Council, Via Granarolo 64, 48018, Faenza, RA, Italy.
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18
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Panseri S, Montesi M, Hautcoeur D, Dozio SM, Chamary S, De Barra E, Tampieri A, Leriche A. Bone-like ceramic scaffolds designed with bioinspired porosity induce a different stem cell response. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2021; 32:3. [PMID: 33471246 PMCID: PMC7817586 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-020-06486-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Biomaterial science increasingly seeks more biomimetic scaffolds that functionally augment the native bone tissue. In this paper, a new concept of a structural scaffold design is presented where the physiological multi-scale architecture is fully incorporated in a single-scaffold solution. Hydroxyapatite (HA) and β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) bioceramic scaffolds with different bioinspired porosity, mimicking the spongy and cortical bone tissue, were studied. In vitro experiments, looking at the mesenchymal stem cells behaviour, were conducted in a perfusion bioreactor that mimics the physiological conditions in terms of interstitial fluid flow and associated induced shear stress. All the biomaterials enhanced cell adhesion and cell viability. Cortical bone scaffolds, with an aligned architecture, induced an overexpression of several late stage genes involved in the process of osteogenic differentiation compared to the spongy bone scaffolds. This study reveals the exciting prospect of bioinspired porous designed ceramic scaffolds that combines both cortical and cancellous bone in a single ceramic bone graft. It is prospected that dual core shell scaffold could significantly modulate osteogenic processes, once implanted in patients, rapidly forming mature bone tissue at the tissue interface, followed by subsequent bone maturation in the inner spongy structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Panseri
- Institute of Science and Technology for Ceramics, National Research Council, Faenza, Italy.
| | - Monica Montesi
- Institute of Science and Technology for Ceramics, National Research Council, Faenza, Italy
| | - Dominique Hautcoeur
- Belgian Ceramic Research Centre, Avenue Gouverneur Cornez 4, B-7000, Mons, Belgium
| | - Samuele M Dozio
- Institute of Science and Technology for Ceramics, National Research Council, Faenza, Italy
| | - Shaan Chamary
- Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France, Laboratoire des Matériaux Céramiques et Procédés Associés, 59313, Valenciennes, France
| | - Eamonn De Barra
- University of Limerick, Bernal Institute, Limerick, V94 T9PX, Ireland
| | - Anna Tampieri
- Institute of Science and Technology for Ceramics, National Research Council, Faenza, Italy
| | - Anne Leriche
- Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France, Laboratoire des Matériaux Céramiques et Procédés Associés, 59313, Valenciennes, France
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19
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Scaffold-based 3D cellular models mimicking the heterogeneity of osteosarcoma stem cell niche. Sci Rep 2020; 10:22294. [PMID: 33339857 PMCID: PMC7749131 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-79448-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The failure of the osteosarcoma conventional therapies leads to the growing need for novel therapeutic strategies. The lack of specificity for the Cancer Stem Cells (CSCs) population has been recently identified as the main limitation in the current therapies. Moreover, the traditional two-dimensional (2D) in vitro models, employed in the drug testing and screening as well as in the study of cell and molecular biology, are affected by a poor in vitro-in vivo translation ability. To overcome these limitations, this work provides two tumour engineering approaches as new tools to address osteosarcoma and improve therapy outcomes. In detail, two different hydroxyapatite-based bone-mimicking scaffolds were used to recapitulate aspects of the in vivo tumour microenvironment, focusing on CSCs niche. The biological performance of human osteosarcoma cell lines (MG63 and SAOS-2) and enriched-CSCs were deeply analysed in these complex cell culture models. The results highlight the fundamental role of the tumour microenvironment proving the mimicry of osteosarcoma stem cell niche by the use of CSCs together with the biomimetic scaffolds, compared to conventional 2D culture systems. These advanced 3D cell culture in vitro tumour models could improve the predictivity of preclinical studies and strongly enhance the clinical translation.
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20
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Guerrieri AN, Montesi M, Sprio S, Laranga R, Mercatali L, Tampieri A, Donati DM, Lucarelli E. Innovative Options for Bone Metastasis Treatment: An Extensive Analysis on Biomaterials-Based Strategies for Orthopedic Surgeons. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:589964. [PMID: 33123519 PMCID: PMC7573123 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.589964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone is the third most frequent site of metastasis, with a particular incidence in breast and prostate cancer patients. For example, almost 70% of breast cancer patients develop several bone metastases in the late stage of the disease. Bone metastases are a challenge for clinicians and a burden for patients because they frequently cause pain and can lead to fractures. Unfortunately, current therapeutic options are in most cases only palliative and, although not curative, surgery remains the gold standard for bone metastasis treatment. Surgical intervention mostly provides the replacement of the affected bone with a bioimplant, which can be made by materials of different origins and designed through several techniques that have evolved throughout the years simultaneously with clinical needs. Several scientists and clinicians have worked to develop biomaterials with potentially successful biological and mechanical features, however, only a few of them have actually reached the scope. In this review, we extensively analyze currently available biomaterials-based strategies focusing on the newest and most innovative ideas while aiming to highlight what should be considered both a reliable choice for orthopedic surgeons and a future definitive and curative option for bone metastasis and cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ania Naila Guerrieri
- Unit of Orthopaedic Pathology and Osteoarticular Tissue Regeneration, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Monica Montesi
- Institute of Science and Technology for Ceramics, National Research Council, Faenza, Italy
| | - Simone Sprio
- Institute of Science and Technology for Ceramics, National Research Council, Faenza, Italy
| | - Roberta Laranga
- Unit of Orthopaedic Pathology and Osteoarticular Tissue Regeneration, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Laura Mercatali
- Osteoncology and Rare Tumors Center, Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) IRCCS, Meldola, Italy
| | - Anna Tampieri
- Institute of Science and Technology for Ceramics, National Research Council, Faenza, Italy
| | - Davide Maria Donati
- Third Orthopaedic and Traumatologic Clinic Prevalently Oncologic, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Enrico Lucarelli
- Unit of Orthopaedic Pathology and Osteoarticular Tissue Regeneration, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
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21
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Lyons JG, Plantz MA, Hsu WK, Hsu EL, Minardi S. Nanostructured Biomaterials for Bone Regeneration. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:922. [PMID: 32974298 PMCID: PMC7471872 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.00922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This review article addresses the various aspects of nano-biomaterials used in or being pursued for the purpose of promoting bone regeneration. In the last decade, significant growth in the fields of polymer sciences, nanotechnology, and biotechnology has resulted in the development of new nano-biomaterials. These are extensively explored as drug delivery carriers and as implantable devices. At the interface of nanomaterials and biological systems, the organic and synthetic worlds have merged over the past two decades, forming a new scientific field incorporating nano-material design for biological applications. For this field to evolve, there is a need to understand the dynamic forces and molecular components that shape these interactions and influence function, while also considering safety. While there is still much to learn about the bio-physicochemical interactions at the interface, we are at a point where pockets of accumulated knowledge can provide a conceptual framework to guide further exploration and inform future product development. This review is intended as a resource for academics, scientists, and physicians working in the field of orthopedics and bone repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph G. Lyons
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
- Simpson Querrey Institute, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Mark A. Plantz
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
- Simpson Querrey Institute, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Wellington K. Hsu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
- Simpson Querrey Institute, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Erin L. Hsu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
- Simpson Querrey Institute, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Silvia Minardi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
- Simpson Querrey Institute, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
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22
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Hierarchical porosity inherited by natural sources affects the mechanical and biological behaviour of bone scaffolds. Ann Ital Chir 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2019.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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23
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Bigoni D, Cavuoto R, Misseroni D, Paggi M, Ruffini A, Sprio S, Tampieri A. Ceramics with the signature of wood: a mechanical insight. Mater Today Bio 2019; 5:100032. [PMID: 32211602 PMCID: PMC7083766 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2019.100032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2019] [Revised: 10/02/2019] [Accepted: 10/11/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Abstract
In an attempt to mimic the outstanding mechanical properties of wood and bone, a 3D heterogeneous chemistry approach has been used in a biomorphic transformation process (in which sintering is avoided) to fabricate ceramics from rattan wood, preserving its hierarchical fibrous microstructure. The resulting material (called biomorphic apatite [BA] henceforth) possesses a highly bioactive composition and is characterised by a multiscale hierarchical pore structure, based on nanotwinned hydroxyapatite lamellae, which is shown to display a lacunar fractal nature. The mechanical properties of BA are found to be exceptional (when compared with usual porous hydroxyapatite and other ceramics obtained from wood through sintering) and unique as they occupy a zone in the Ashby map previously free from ceramics, but not far from wood and bone. Mechanical tests show the following: (i) the strength in tension may exceed that in compression, (ii) failure in compression involves complex exfoliation patterns, thus resulting in high toughness, (iii) unlike in sintered porous hydroxyapatite, fracture does not occur 'instantaneously,' but its growth may be observed, and it exhibits tortuous patterns that follow the original fibrillar structure of wood, thus yielding outstanding toughness, (iv) the anisotropy of the elastic stiffness and strength show unprecedented values when situations of stresses parallel and orthogonal to the main channels are compared. Despite being a ceramic material, BA displays a mechanical behavior similar on the one hand to the ligneous material from which it was produced (therefore behaving as a 'ceramic with the signature of wood') and on the other hand to the cortical/spongy osseous complex constituting the structure of compact bone.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Bigoni
- DICAM, University of Trento, Via Mesiano 77, Trento, Italy
| | - R Cavuoto
- DICAM, University of Trento, Via Mesiano 77, Trento, Italy
| | - D Misseroni
- DICAM, University of Trento, Via Mesiano 77, Trento, Italy
| | - M Paggi
- IMT School for Advanced Studies Lucca, Italy
| | - A Ruffini
- CNR-ISTEC, Via Granarolo 64, Faenza, Italy
| | - S Sprio
- CNR-ISTEC, Via Granarolo 64, Faenza, Italy
| | - A Tampieri
- CNR-ISTEC, Via Granarolo 64, Faenza, Italy
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24
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Sprio S, Preti L, Montesi M, Panseri S, Adamiano A, Vandini A, Pugno NM, Tampieri A. Surface Phenomena Enhancing the Antibacterial and Osteogenic Ability of Nanocrystalline Hydroxyapatite, Activated by Multiple-Ion Doping. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2019; 5:5947-5959. [PMID: 33405685 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.9b00893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The present work describes a novel nanocrystalline, multidoped hydroxyapatite featuring excellent eukaryotic versus prokaryotic cell selectivity, attested by excellent osteoinductive character and evaluated with human stem cells, and anti-infective ability, tested against different pathogens. Physicochemical analysis and transmission electron microscopy (TEM)/scanning STEM observations highlighted that such enhanced biological features are related to the lower crystallinity level and increased surface charge of hydroxyapatite, both induced by multiple-ion doping. Specifically, the lattice substitution of Ca2+ with Zn2+ promotes the segregation of Ca2+ and doping Mg2+ cations to a less-ordered surface layer, thus promoting dynamic ion absorption/release acting as bioactive signals for cells and exerting an antiproliferative effect on all tested pathogens. These findings open the design of new biodevices, combining regenerative ability and effective microbial inhibition without using any antibiotic drugs. This is extremely important to circumvent bacterial resistance to antibiotics, which is today considered as one of the biggest threats to global health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Sprio
- Institute of Science and Technology for Ceramics-National Research Council (ISTEC-CNR), Faenza 48018, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Preti
- Institute of Science and Technology for Ceramics-National Research Council (ISTEC-CNR), Faenza 48018, Italy.,Laboratory of Bio-inspired & Graphene Nanomechanics, Department of Civil, Environmental and Mechanical Engineering, University of Trento, Via Mesiano 77, 38123 Trento, Italy
| | - Monica Montesi
- Institute of Science and Technology for Ceramics-National Research Council (ISTEC-CNR), Faenza 48018, Italy
| | - Silvia Panseri
- Institute of Science and Technology for Ceramics-National Research Council (ISTEC-CNR), Faenza 48018, Italy
| | - Alessio Adamiano
- Institute of Science and Technology for Ceramics-National Research Council (ISTEC-CNR), Faenza 48018, Italy
| | - Alberta Vandini
- Institute of Microbiology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara 44121, Italy
| | - Nicola M Pugno
- Laboratory of Bio-inspired & Graphene Nanomechanics, Department of Civil, Environmental and Mechanical Engineering, University of Trento, Via Mesiano 77, 38123 Trento, Italy.,School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, U.K.,Ket-Lab, Edoardo Amaldi Foundation, Via del Politecnico, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Anna Tampieri
- Institute of Science and Technology for Ceramics-National Research Council (ISTEC-CNR), Faenza 48018, Italy
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25
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Ou Q, Miao Y, Yang F, Lin X, Zhang LM, Wang Y. Zein/gelatin/nanohydroxyapatite nanofibrous scaffolds are biocompatible and promote osteogenic differentiation of human periodontal ligament stem cells. Biomater Sci 2019; 7:1973-1983. [DOI: 10.1039/c8bm01653d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
In bone tissue engineering, it is important for biomaterials to promote the osteogenic differentiation of stem cells to achieve tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianmin Ou
- Guanghua School of Stomatology
- Sun Yat-sen University
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology
- Guangzhou 510080
- China
| | - Yingling Miao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Sun Yat-sen University
- Guangzhou 510275
- China
| | - Fanqiao Yang
- Shunde hospital of Southern Medical University
- Southern Medical University
- Shunde
- China
| | - Xuefeng Lin
- Guanghua School of Stomatology
- Sun Yat-sen University
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology
- Guangzhou 510080
- China
| | - Li-Ming Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Sun Yat-sen University
- Guangzhou 510275
- China
| | - Yan Wang
- Guanghua School of Stomatology
- Sun Yat-sen University
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology
- Guangzhou 510080
- China
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