1
|
Liu G, Gao F, Yang X, Zhang J, Yang S, Li Y, Liu L. Aggregation-induced emission for the detection of peptide ligases with improving ligation efficiency. Anal Chim Acta 2023; 1284:341994. [PMID: 37996157 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2023.341994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Monitoring peptide ligase activity is of great significance for biological research, medical diagnosis, and drug discovery. The current methods for the detection of peptide ligases suffer from the limitations of high background signal, elaborate design of substrate, and high reversibility of ligation reaction. In this work, we proposed a simple and sensitive method for ligase detection with reducing ligation reversibility on the basis of aggregation-induced emission (AIE) mechanism. RESULTS The peptide probes labeled with AIE luminogens (AIEgens) were water-soluble and emitted weak fluorescence. After ligation reaction, the enzymatic products with AIEgens showed high hydrophobicity and could readily assembly into aggregates, thus lighting up the fluorescence. More interestingly, the formation of aggregates pushed the equilibrium to the generation of the desired ligation products, thus improving the catalytic efficiency by driving the reaction towards completion. The ligation reaction conversion rate (>80 %) is significantly higher than that without blocking the reversibility with additional treatment. With sortase A (SrtA) as the analyte example, the detection limit of this method was found to be 0.01 nM with a linear range of 0-50 nM. The system was applied to evaluate the inhibition efficiency of berberine chloride and quercetin and determine the activity of SrtA in serum, lysate and Staphylococcus aureus with satisfactory results. SIGNIFICANCE This study indicated that the ligation efficiency and detection sensitivity can be improved by reducing ligation reversibility through AIE phenomenon. The proposed strategy could be used for the detection of other peptide ligases by adopting sequence-specific peptide substrates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gang Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anyang Normal University, Anyang, Henan, 455000, PR China; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, PR China
| | - Fengli Gao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anyang Normal University, Anyang, Henan, 455000, PR China
| | - Xiupei Yang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anyang Normal University, Anyang, Henan, 455000, PR China
| | - Jingyi Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anyang Normal University, Anyang, Henan, 455000, PR China
| | - Suling Yang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anyang Normal University, Anyang, Henan, 455000, PR China
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, PR China.
| | - Lin Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anyang Normal University, Anyang, Henan, 455000, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Sapra R, Rajora AK, Kumar P, Maurya GP, Pant N, Haridas V. Chemical Biology of Sortase A Inhibition: A Gateway to Anti-infective Therapeutic Agents. J Med Chem 2021; 64:13097-13130. [PMID: 34516107 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c00386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus is the leading cause of hospital-acquired infections. The enzyme sortase A, present on the cell surface of S. aureus, plays a key role in bacterial virulence without affecting the bacterial viability. Inhibition of sortase A activity offers a powerful but clinically less explored therapeutic strategy, as it offers the possibility of not inducing any selective pressure on the bacteria to evolve drug-resistant strains. In this Perspective, we offer a chemical space narrative for the design of sortase A inhibitors, as delineated into three broad domains: peptidomimetics, natural products, and synthetic small molecules. This provides immense opportunities for medicinal chemists to alleviate the ever-growing crisis of antibiotic resistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rachit Sapra
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi-110016, India
| | - Amit K Rajora
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi-110016, India
| | - Pushpendra Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi-110016, India
| | - Govind P Maurya
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi-110016, India
| | - Nalin Pant
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi-110016, India
| | - V Haridas
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi-110016, India
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Pomorski A, Krężel A. Biarsenical fluorescent probes for multifunctional site-specific modification of proteins applicable in life sciences: an overview and future outlook. Metallomics 2021; 12:1179-1207. [PMID: 32658234 DOI: 10.1039/d0mt00093k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Fluorescent modification of proteins of interest (POI) in living cells is desired to study their behaviour and functions in their natural environment. In a perfect setting it should be easy to perform, inexpensive, efficient and site-selective. Although multiple chemical and biological methods have been developed, only a few of them are applicable for cellular studies thanks to their appropriate physical, chemical and biological characteristics. One such successful system is a tetracysteine tag/motif and its selective biarsenical binders (e.g. FlAsH and ReAsH). Since its discovery in 1998 by Tsien and co-workers, this method has been enhanced and revolutionized in terms of its efficiency, formed complex stability and breadth of application. Here, we overview the whole field of knowledge, while placing most emphasis on recent reports. We showcase the improvements of classical biarsenical probes with various optical properties as well as multifunctional molecules that add new characteristics to proteins. We also present the evolution of affinity tags and motifs of biarsenical probes demonstrating much more possibilities in cellular applications. We summarize protocols and reported observations so both beginners and advanced users of biarsenical probes can troubleshoot their experiments. We address the concerns regarding the safety of biarsenical probe application. We showcase examples in virology, studies on receptors or amyloid aggregation, where application of biarsenical probes allowed observations that previously were not possible. We provide a summary of current applications ranging from bioanalytical sciences to allosteric control of selected proteins. Finally, we present an outlook to encourage more researchers to use these magnificent probes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adam Pomorski
- Department of Chemical Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wrocław, Joliot-Curie 14a, 50-383 Wrocław, Poland.
| | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Tian T, Zhao J, Wang Y, Li B, Qiao L, Zhang K, Liu B. Transpeptidation-mediated single-particle imaging assay for sensitive and specific detection of sortase with dark-field optical microscopy. Biosens Bioelectron 2021; 178:113003. [PMID: 33486157 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2021.113003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Transpeptidation of surface proteins catalyzed by the transpeptidase sortase plays a critical role in the infection process of Gram-positive pathogen. Monitoring sortase activity and screening its inhibitors are of great significance to fundamental understanding of the infection mechanism and pharmaceutical development. Herein, we developed a digital single-particle imaging method to quantify sortase A (SrtA) activity based on transpeptidation-mediated assembly and enumeration of gold nanoparticles (GNPs). The assay utilizes two peptide stands, in which one has the SrtA recognition sequence LPXTG motif while the other carries an oligoglycine nucleophile at the one end and a biotin group at the other. The presence of SrtA enables the ligation of two peptides and allows for the immobilization of streptavidin-functionalized GNPs. Thus, SrtA activity can be quantified by imaging and enumeration of the surface-assembled GNPs at the single-particle level via dark-field microscopy. The single-particle method was highly sensitive to SrtA activity with a low detection limit of 7.9 pM and a wide linear dynamic range from 0.05 to 50 nM. Besides detection of SrtA in complex biological samples such as Gram-positive pathogen lysates, the proposed method was also successfully applied to estimate the half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values of SrtA inhibitors (curcumin, berberine hydrochloride and quercetin). The present method, combining single-GNP counting and dark-field imaging, provides a facile and novel analytical tool for SrtA activity and its inhibitor screening.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tongtong Tian
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers and Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, PR China
| | - Jinzhi Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers and Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, PR China
| | - Yuning Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers and Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, PR China
| | - Binxiao Li
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers and Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, PR China
| | - Liang Qiao
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers and Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, PR China
| | - Kun Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Children's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200062, PR China.
| | - Baohong Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers and Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Li Y, Yang Y, Zhang CY. Visualization and Quantification of Sortase Activity at the Single-Molecule Level via Transpeptidation-Directed Intramolecular Förster Resonance Energy Transfer. Anal Chem 2018; 90:13007-13012. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b03716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yueying Li
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clean Production of Fine Chemicals, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Yong Yang
- Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Chun-yang Zhang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clean Production of Fine Chemicals, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China
| |
Collapse
|