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Szyling J, Walkowiak J, Czapik A, Franczyk A. Synthesis of unsymmetrically and symmetrically functionalized disiloxanes via subsequent hydrosilylation of C≡C bonds. Sci Rep 2023; 13:10244. [PMID: 37353562 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-37375-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/25/2023] Open
Abstract
A selective synthesis of unsymmetrically functionalized disiloxanes via the subsequent hydrosilylation of internal alkynes in the first step, and alkynes (terminal or internal) or 1,3-diynes in the second, with 1,1,3,3-tetramethyldisiloxane (1) is presented for the first time. Using developed approaches performed in a stepwise or one-pot manner a new family of disubstituted disiloxanes was obtained which had previously been inaccessible by other synthetic methods. Moreover, symmetrically functionalized disiloxanes were obtained by direct hydrosilylation of 2 equivalents of terminal or internal alkynes with 1, showing the unique versatility of the hydrosilylation process. Three examples of symmetric disiloxanes were characterized by single crystal X-ray diffraction for the first time. As a result, a wide group of new compounds which can find potential applications as building blocks or coupling agents was obtained and characterized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakub Szyling
- Center for Advanced Technology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznanskiego 10, 61-614, Poznan, Poland
| | - Jędrzej Walkowiak
- Center for Advanced Technology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznanskiego 10, 61-614, Poznan, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Czapik
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznanskiego 8, 61-614, Poznan, Poland
| | - Adrian Franczyk
- Center for Advanced Technology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznanskiego 10, 61-614, Poznan, Poland.
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2
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Bulky NHC–Cobalt Complex-Catalyzed Highly Markovnikov-Selective Hydrosilylation of Alkynes. Catalysts 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/catal13030510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The hydrosilylation of alkynes is one of the most attractive and, at the same time, most challenging catalytic transformations, usually demanding the use of noble transition metals. We describe a catalytic system, based on cobalt(0) complex and bulky N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) ligands, permitting the highly effective hydrosilylation of a broad scope of alkynes and silanes. The application of bulky NHC ligands allowed a decrease in the amount of cobalt necessary for an effective reaction run to 2.5 mol% and provided excellent selectivity towards challenging α-vinylsilanes. The developed method tolerates a number of substituted aryl, alkyl, and silyl acetylenes. Moreover, it is suitable for both tertiary and secondary silanes. Our findings confirm that steric hindrance around the metal center can effectively increase the activity of a catalyst and ensure better selectivity than those of analogous complexes bearing smaller ligands.
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Skrodzki M, Ortega Garrido V, Csáky AG, Pawluć P. Searching for Highly Active Cobalt Catalysts Bearing Schiff Base Ligands for Markovnikov-Selective Hydrosilylation of Alkynes with Tertiary Silanes. J Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2022.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Ye F, Li L, Xu J, Zhou L. Effect of reaction conditions on one-step preparation of 1H,1H,2H,2H-Perfluorooctyltrimethoxysilane by catalytic hydrosilylation over RuCl3·3H2O catalysts. J IND ENG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2022.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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5
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Recent advances in ruthenium-catalyzed hydrosilylation of unsaturated compounds: Applications and mechanistic studies. RESULTS IN CHEMISTRY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rechem.2022.100511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Zhu SF, He P, Hu MY, Zhang XY. Transition-Metal-Catalyzed Stereo- and Regioselective Hydrosilylation of Unsymmetrical Alkynes. SYNTHESIS-STUTTGART 2021. [DOI: 10.1055/a-1605-9572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
AbstractAlkyne hydrosilylation is one of the most efficient methods for the synthesis of alkenyl silicon derivatives and has been a hot topic of research for decades. This short review summarizes the progress in transition-metal-catalyzed stereo- and regioselective hydrosilylation of unsymmetrical alkynes. Topics are discussed based on different types of alkynes and the selectivities.1 Introduction2 Terminal Alkyne Hydrosilylation2.1 β-E Selectivity2.2 β-Z Selectivity2.3 α-selectivity3 Internal Alkyne Hydrosilylation3.1 Aryl–Alkyl Acetylenes3.2 Alkyl–Alkyl Acetylenes3.3 Internal Alkynes with Polarized Substituents4 Summary and Outlook
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Wang D, Lai Y, Wang P, Leng X, Xiao J, Deng L. Markovnikov Hydrosilylation of Alkynes with Tertiary Silanes Catalyzed by Dinuclear Cobalt Carbonyl Complexes with NHC Ligation. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:12847-12856. [PMID: 34347477 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c06583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Metal-catalyzed hydrosilylation of alkynes is an ideal atom-economic method to prepare vinylsilanes that are useful reagents in the organic synthesis and silicone industry. Although great success has been made in the preparation of β-vinylsilanes by metal-catalyzed hydrosilylation reactions of alkynes, reported metal-catalyzed reactions for the synthesis of α-vinylsilanes suffer from narrow substrate scope and/or poor selectivity. Herein, we present selective Markovnikov hydrosilylation reactions of terminal alkynes with tertiary silanes using a dicobalt carbonyl N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) complex [(IPr)2Co2(CO)6] (IPr = 1,3-di(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)imidazol-2-ylidene) as catalyst. This cobalt catalyst effects the hydrosilylation of both alkyl- and aryl-substituted terminal alkynes with a variety of tertiary silanes with good functional group compatibility, furnishing α-vinylsilanes with high yields and high α/β selectivity. Mechanistic study revealed that the stoichiometric reactions of [(IPr)2Co2(CO)6] with PhC≡CH and HSiEt3 can furnish the dinuclear cobalt alkyne and mononuclear cobalt silyl complexes [(IPr)(CO)2Co(μ-η2:η2-HCCPh)Co(CO)3], [(IPr)(CO)2Co(μ-η2:η2-HCCPh)Co(CO)2(IPr)], and [(IPr)Co(CO)3(SiEt3)], respectively. Both dicobalt bridging alkyne complexes can react with HSiEt3 to yield α-triethylsilyl styrene and effect the catalytic Markovnikov hydrosilylation reaction. However, the mono(NHC) dicobalt complex [(IPr)(CO)2Co(μ-η2:η2-HCCPh)Co(CO)3] exhibits higher catalytic activity over the di(NHC)-dicobalt complexes. The cobalt silyl complex [(IPr)Co(CO)3(SiEt3)] is ineffective in catalyzing the hydrosilylation reaction. Deuterium labeling experiments with PhC≡CD and DSiEt3 indicates the syn-addition nature of the hydrosilylation reaction. The absence of deuterium scrambling in the hydrosilylation products formed from the catalytic reaction of PhC≡CH with a mixture of DSiEt3 and HSi(OEt)3 hints that mononuclear cobalt species are less likely the in-cycle species. These observations, in addition to the evident of nonsymmetric Co2C2-butterfly core in the structure of [(IPr)(CO)2Co(μ-η2:η2-HCCPh)Co(CO)3], point out that mono(IPr)-dicobalt species are the genuine catalysts for the cobalt-catalyzed hydrosilylation reaction and that the high α selectivity of the catalytic system originates from the joint play of the dicobalt carbonyl species to coordinate alkynes in the Co(μ-η2:η2-HCCR')Co mode and the steric demanding nature of IPr ligand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongyang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China.,Shenzhen Grubbs Institute, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Yuhang Lai
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China.,College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China
| | - Peng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xuebing Leng
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jie Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Liang Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China.,Shenzhen Grubbs Institute, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
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Mutoh Y, Yamamoto K, Mohara Y, Saito S. (Z)-Selective Hydrosilylation and Hydroboration of Terminal Alkynes Enabled by Ruthenium Complexes with an N-Heterocyclic Carbene Ligand. CHEM REC 2021; 21:3429-3441. [PMID: 34028185 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202100083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Revised: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Metal-catalyzed trans-1,2-hydrosilylations and hydroborations of terminal alkynes that generate synthetically valuable (Z)-alkenylsilanes and (Z)-alkenylboranes remain challenging due to the (E)-selective nature of the reactions and the formation of the thermodynamically unfavorable (Z)-isomer. The development of new, efficient catalytic systems for the (Z)-selective hydrosilylation and hydroboration of terminal alkynes is thus highly desirable from a fundamental perspective as it would deepen our understanding of the metal-catalyzed (Z)-selective hydrosilylation and hydroboration of terminal alkynes. This personal account describes our research for developing a ruthenium complex that can efficiently catalyze the hydrosilylation and hydroboration of terminal alkynes, and for exploring the factors controlling (Z)-selectivity of the reactions. Our effort into the activation of B-protected boronic acids, R-B(dan) (dan=naphthalene-1,8-diaminato), that was believed not to participate in Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling, is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuichiro Mutoh
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science 1-3 Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8601, Japan.,RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
| | - Kensuke Yamamoto
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science 1-3 Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8601, Japan
| | - Yusei Mohara
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science 1-3 Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8601, Japan
| | - Shinichi Saito
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science 1-3 Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8601, Japan
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Wang ZL, Zhang FL, Xu JL, Shan CC, Zhao M, Xu YH. Copper-Catalyzed Anti-Markovnikov Hydrosilylation of Terminal Alkynes. Org Lett 2020; 22:7735-7742. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c02952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Lu Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Feng-Lian Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Jian-Lin Xu
- Department of Chemistry and Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Cui-Cui Shan
- Department of Chemistry and Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Meng Zhao
- Department of Chemistry and Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Yun-He Xu
- Department of Chemistry and Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
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Tani T, Sohma Y, Tsuchimoto T. Zinc/Indium Bimetallic Lewis Acid Relay Catalysis for Dehydrogenative Silylation/Hydrosilylation Reaction of Terminal Alkynes with Bis(hydrosilane)s. Adv Synth Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202000501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tomohiro Tani
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Science and Technology Meiji University 1-1-1 Higashimita, Tama-ku Kawasaki 214-8571 Japan
| | - Yudai Sohma
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Science and Technology Meiji University 1-1-1 Higashimita, Tama-ku Kawasaki 214-8571 Japan
| | - Teruhisa Tsuchimoto
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Science and Technology Meiji University 1-1-1 Higashimita, Tama-ku Kawasaki 214-8571 Japan
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Xie X, Zhang X, Gao W, Meng C, Wang X, Ding S. Iridium-catalyzed Markovnikov hydrosilylation of terminal alkynes achieved by using a trimethylsilyl-protected trihydroxysilane. Commun Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1038/s42004-019-0206-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
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