1
|
Li Y, Zhao C, Wang Z, Zeng Y. Halogen Bond Catalysis: A Physical Chemistry Perspective. J Phys Chem A 2024; 128:507-527. [PMID: 38214658 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.3c06363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
As important noncovalent interactions, halogen bonds have been widely used in material science, supramolecular chemistry, medicinal chemistry, organocatalysis, and other fields. In the past 15 years, halogen bond catalysis has become a developed field in organocatalysis for the catalysts' advantages of being environmentally friendly, inexpensive, and recyclable. Halogen bonds can induce various organic reactions, and halogen bond catalysis has become a powerful alternative to the fully explored hydrogen bond catalysis. From a physical chemistry view, this perspective provides an overview of the latest progress and key examples of halogen bond catalysis via activation of the lone pair systems of organic functional group, π systems, and metal complexes. The research progresses in halogen bond catalysis by our group were also introduced.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Li
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, China
| | - Chang Zhao
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, China
| | - Zhuo Wang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, China
| | - Yanli Zeng
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Ivanov DM, Bokach NA, Yu Kukushkin V, Frontera A. Metal Centers as Nucleophiles: Oxymoron of Halogen Bond-Involving Crystal Engineering. Chemistry 2021; 28:e202103173. [PMID: 34623005 PMCID: PMC9298210 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202103173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
This review highlights recent studies discovering unconventional halogen bonding (HaB) that involves positively charged metal centers. These centers provide their filled d‐orbitals for HaB, and thus behave as nucleophilic components toward the noncovalent interaction. This role of some electron‐rich transition metal centers can be considered an oxymoron in the sense that the metal is, in most cases, formally cationic; consequently, its electron donor function is unexpected. The importance of Ha⋅⋅⋅d‐[M] (Ha=halogen; M is Group 9 (Rh, Ir), 10 (Ni, Pd, Pt), or 11 (Cu, Au)) interactions in crystal engineering is emphasized by showing remarkable examples (reported and uncovered by our processing of the Cambridge Structural Database), where this Ha⋅⋅⋅d‐[M] directional interaction guides the formation of solid supramolecular assemblies of different dimensionalities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniil M Ivanov
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya Nab. 7/9, Saint Petersburg, 199034, Russian Federation
| | - Nadezhda A Bokach
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya Nab. 7/9, Saint Petersburg, 199034, Russian Federation
| | - Vadim Yu Kukushkin
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya Nab. 7/9, Saint Petersburg, 199034, Russian Federation.,Institute of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Technologies, Altai State University, Barnaul, 656049, Russian Federation
| | - Antonio Frontera
- Department of Chemistry, Universitat de les Illes Balears, Palma de Mallorca (Baleares), 07122, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Trouvé J, Gramage-Doria R. Beyond hydrogen bonding: recent trends of outer sphere interactions in transition metal catalysis. Chem Soc Rev 2021; 50:3565-3584. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cs01339k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The implementation of interactions beyond hydrogen bonding in the 2nd coordination sphere of transition metal catalysts is rare. However, it has already shown great promise in last 5 years, providing new tools to control the activity and selectivity as here reviewed.
Collapse
|
4
|
Affiliation(s)
- Martin Breugst
- Department für Chemie Universität zu Köln Greinstraße 4 50939 Köln Germany
| | - Jonas J. Koenig
- Department für Chemie Universität zu Köln Greinstraße 4 50939 Köln Germany
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Wolf J, Huber F, Erochok N, Heinen F, Guérin V, Legault CY, Kirsch SF, Huber SM. Aktivierung einer Metall‐Halogen‐Bindung durch Halogenbrücken. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202005214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Julian Wolf
- Fakultät für Chemie und BiochemieRuhr-Universität Bochum Universitätsstraße 150 44801 Bochum Deutschland
| | - Florian Huber
- Organic ChemistryBergische Universität Wuppertal Gaussstrasse 20 42119 Wuppertal Deutschland
| | - Nikita Erochok
- Fakultät für Chemie und BiochemieRuhr-Universität Bochum Universitätsstraße 150 44801 Bochum Deutschland
| | - Flemming Heinen
- Fakultät für Chemie und BiochemieRuhr-Universität Bochum Universitätsstraße 150 44801 Bochum Deutschland
| | - Vincent Guérin
- Department of ChemistryUniversité de Sherbrooke 2500 boul. de l'Université Sherbrooke Québec J1K 2R1 Kanada
| | - Claude Y. Legault
- Department of ChemistryUniversité de Sherbrooke 2500 boul. de l'Université Sherbrooke Québec J1K 2R1 Kanada
| | - Stefan F. Kirsch
- Organic ChemistryBergische Universität Wuppertal Gaussstrasse 20 42119 Wuppertal Deutschland
| | - Stefan M. Huber
- Fakultät für Chemie und BiochemieRuhr-Universität Bochum Universitätsstraße 150 44801 Bochum Deutschland
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Wolf J, Huber F, Erochok N, Heinen F, Guérin V, Legault CY, Kirsch SF, Huber SM. Activation of a Metal-Halogen Bond by Halogen Bonding. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:16496-16500. [PMID: 32472957 PMCID: PMC7540446 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202005214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, the non-covalent interaction of halogen bonding (XB) has found increasing application in organocatalysis. However, reports of the activation of metal-ligand bonds by XB have so far been limited to a few reactions with elemental iodine or bromine. Herein, we present the activation of metal-halogen bonds by two classes of inert halogen bond donors and the use of the resulting activated complexes in homogenous gold catalysis. The only recently explored class of iodolium derivatives were shown to be effective activators in two test reactions and their activity could be modulated by blocking of the Lewis acidic sites. Bis(benzimidazolium)-based halogen bonding activators provided even more rapid conversion, while the non-iodinated reference compound showed little activity. The role of halogen bonding in the activation of metal-halogen bonds was further investigated by NMR experiments and DFT calculations, which support the mode of activation occurring via halogen bonding.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julian Wolf
- Fakultät für Chemie und Biochemie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, 44801, Bochum, Germany
| | - Florian Huber
- Organic Chemistry, Bergische Universität Wuppertal, Gaussstrasse 20, 42119, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Nikita Erochok
- Fakultät für Chemie und Biochemie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, 44801, Bochum, Germany
| | - Flemming Heinen
- Fakultät für Chemie und Biochemie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, 44801, Bochum, Germany
| | - Vincent Guérin
- Department of Chemistry, Université de Sherbrooke, 2500 boul. de l'Université, Sherbrooke, Québec, J1K 2R1, Canada
| | - Claude Y Legault
- Department of Chemistry, Université de Sherbrooke, 2500 boul. de l'Université, Sherbrooke, Québec, J1K 2R1, Canada
| | - Stefan F Kirsch
- Organic Chemistry, Bergische Universität Wuppertal, Gaussstrasse 20, 42119, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Stefan M Huber
- Fakultät für Chemie und Biochemie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, 44801, Bochum, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Ciancaleoni G, Belpassi L. Disentanglement of orthogonal hydrogen and halogen bonds via natural orbital for chemical valence: A charge displacement analysis. J Comput Chem 2020; 41:1185-1193. [PMID: 32011001 DOI: 10.1002/jcc.26165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Revised: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
As known, the electron density of covalently bound halogen atoms is anisotropically distributed, making them potentially able to establish many weak interactions, acting at the same time as halogen bond donors and hydrogen bond acceptors. Indeed, there are many examples in which the halogen and hydrogen bond coexist in the same structure and, if a correct bond analysis is required, their separation is mandatory. Here, the advantages and limitations of coupling the charge displacement analysis with natural orbital for chemical valence method (NOCV-CD) to separately analyze orthogonal weak interactions are shown, for both symmetric and asymmetric adducts. The methodology gives optimal results with intermolecular adducts but, in the presence of an organometallic complex, also intramolecular interactions can be correctly analyzed. Beyond the methodological aspects, it is shown that correctly separate and quantify the interactions can give interesting chemical insights about the systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gianluca Ciancaleoni
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università degli Studi di Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Leonardo Belpassi
- Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche "G. Natta"-CNR (CNR-SCITEC), c/o Dipartimento di Chimica, Biologia e Biotecnologie, Università degli Studi di Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Halogen Bonding in New Dichloride-Cobalt(II) Complex with Iodo Substituted Chalcone Ligands. CRYSTALS 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/cryst10050354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis and properties of new chalcone ligand 4I-L ((2E)-1-[4-(1H-imidazol-1-yl)phenyl]-3-(4-iodophenyl)prop-2-en-1-one) and tetracoordinate Co(II) complex [Co(4I-L)2Cl2], (1a), are reported in this article. Upon recrystallization of 1a, the single crystals of [Co(4I-L)4Cl2]·2DMF·3Et2O (1b) were obtained and crystal structure was determined using X-ray diffraction. The non-covalent interactions in 1b were thoroughly analyzed and special attention was dedicated to interactions formed by the peripheral iodine substituents. The density functional theory (DFT), atoms in molecule (AIM) and noncovalent interaction (NCI) methods and electronic localization function (ELF) calculations were used to investigate halogen bond formed between the iodine functional groups and co-crystallized molecules of diethyl ether.
Collapse
|
9
|
Dortéz S, Fernández-Palacio F, Damián J, Gaiteiro C, Ramos J, Gómez-Sal P, Mosquera MEG. Halogen bonding (HaB) in E–I⋯X–M systems: influence of the halogen donor on the HaB nature. CrystEngComm 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/c9ce01449g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
A study on how the covalent character of the halogen bond can be modulated by using different halogen donors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Dortéz
- Departamento de Química Orgánica y Química Inorgánica
- Instituto de Investigación en Química “Andrés M. del Río” (IQAR) Universidad de Alcalá
- 28871-Alcala de Henares
- Spain
| | - Francisco Fernández-Palacio
- Departamento de Química Orgánica y Química Inorgánica
- Instituto de Investigación en Química “Andrés M. del Río” (IQAR) Universidad de Alcalá
- 28871-Alcala de Henares
- Spain
| | - Jesús Damián
- Departamento de Química Orgánica y Química Inorgánica
- Instituto de Investigación en Química “Andrés M. del Río” (IQAR) Universidad de Alcalá
- 28871-Alcala de Henares
- Spain
| | - Carlos Gaiteiro
- Departamento de Química Orgánica y Química Inorgánica
- Instituto de Investigación en Química “Andrés M. del Río” (IQAR) Universidad de Alcalá
- 28871-Alcala de Henares
- Spain
| | - Javier Ramos
- BIOPHYM
- Department of Macromolecular Physics
- Instituto de Estructura de la Materia
- IEM-CSIC
- Spain
| | - Pilar Gómez-Sal
- Departamento de Química Orgánica y Química Inorgánica
- Instituto de Investigación en Química “Andrés M. del Río” (IQAR) Universidad de Alcalá
- 28871-Alcala de Henares
- Spain
| | - Marta E. G. Mosquera
- Departamento de Química Orgánica y Química Inorgánica
- Instituto de Investigación en Química “Andrés M. del Río” (IQAR) Universidad de Alcalá
- 28871-Alcala de Henares
- Spain
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
|
11
|
Buttarazzi E, Rosi F, Ciancaleoni G. Influence of halogen bonding on gold(i)-ligand bond components and DFT characterization of a gold-iodine halogen bond. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:20478-20485. [PMID: 31463502 DOI: 10.1039/c9cp03811f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
A gold(i) complex bearing nitrogen acyclic carbene (NAC) and selenourea (SeU) has been used to verify whether the second-sphere SeI halogen bond (XB) is able to modify the Dewar-Chatt-Duncanson components of the Au-C and Au-Se bonds. The chosen system was found to be thermically unstable but it allowed an in-depth theoretical study by means of Energy Decomposition Analysis, Natural Bond Orbital and Natural Orbitals for Chemical Valence methods, coupled with Charge Displacement analysis. Indeed, in the presence of iodoperfluoroalkanes as XB donors, iodine interacts with the lone pair of the coordinated selenium, enhancing the Au ← C σ donation and depressing the Au → C π back-donation, as demonstrated also by the increase of the rotational barrier of the C-N bond of the NAC (see G. Ciancaleoni and others, Chem. - Eur. J., 2015, 21, 2467). On the other hand, in the presence of N-iodosuccinimide (NIS), the gold directly establishes a XB with the iodine by using its d lone pairs. This AuI XB is favored by the low steric hindrance of the ligands coordinated to the gold and the presence of the amino protons of SeU, which establish additional hydrogen bonds with the NIS. Also in this case, the effect is to increase the σ acidity and decrease the π basicity of the metal.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Edoardo Buttarazzi
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università degli Studi di Pisa, via Giuseppe Moruzzi 13, Pisa 56124, Italy.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Affiliation(s)
- Revannath L. Sutar
- Fakultät für Chemie und Biochemie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, Bochum, 44801, Germany
| | - Stefan M. Huber
- Fakultät für Chemie und Biochemie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, Bochum, 44801, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Nitropyridine-1-Oxides as Excellent π-Hole Donors: Interplay between σ-Hole (Halogen, Hydrogen, Triel, and Coordination Bonds) and π-Hole Interactions. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20143440. [PMID: 31336936 PMCID: PMC6678756 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20143440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2019] [Revised: 07/09/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
In this manuscript, we use the primary source of geometrical information, i.e., Cambridge Structural Database (CSD), combined with density functional theory (DFT) calculations (PBE0-D3/def2-TZVP level of theory) to demonstrate the relevance of π-hole interactions in para-nitro substituted pyridine-1-oxides. More importantly, we show that the molecular electrostatic potential (MEP) value above and below the π–hole of the nitro group is largely influenced by the participation of the N-oxide group in several interactions like hydrogen-bonding (HB) halogen-bonding (XB), triel bonding (TrB), and finally, coordination-bonding (CB) (N+–O− coordinated to a transition metal). The CSD search discloses that p-nitro-pyridine-1-oxide derivatives have a strong propensity to participate in π-hole interactions via the nitro group and, concurrently, N-oxide group participates in a series of interactions as electron donor. Remarkably, the DFT calculations show from strong to moderate cooperativity effects between π–hole and HB/XB/TrB/CB interactions (σ-bonding). The synergistic effects between π-hole and σ-hole bonding interactions are studied in terms of cooperativity energies, using MEP surface analysis and the Bader’s quantum theory of atoms in molecules (QTAIM).
Collapse
|
14
|
|
15
|
Franconetti A, Quiñonero D, Frontera A, Resnati G. Unexpected chalcogen bonds in tetravalent sulfur compounds. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:11313-11319. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cp01033e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Combined CSD analysis and theoretical calculations show the importance of the polarizability in chalcogen bonding interactions. We provide evidence that the Lewis base has a preference in some cases for the σ-hole that is opposite to the more polarizable group instead of the more electron withdrawing one.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Franconetti
- Department of Chemistry
- Universitat de les Illes Balears
- 07122 Palma (Baleares)
- Spain
| | - David Quiñonero
- Department of Chemistry
- Universitat de les Illes Balears
- 07122 Palma (Baleares)
- Spain
| | - Antonio Frontera
- Department of Chemistry
- Universitat de les Illes Balears
- 07122 Palma (Baleares)
- Spain
| | - Giuseppe Resnati
- Laboratory of Nanostructured Fluorinated Materials (NFMLab)
- Department of Chemistry
- Materials and Chemical Engineering “Giulio Natta”
- Politecnico di Milano
- 20131 Milano
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Abstract
Halogens in a M–X bond are inhibited from forming a halogen bond but can do so in certain circumstances, with or without a σ-hole.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Steve Scheiner
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Utah State University
- Logan
- USA
| |
Collapse
|