1
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Ahmad A, Gondal MA, Hassan M, Iqbal R, Ullah S, Alzahrani AS, Memon WA, Mabood F, Melhi S. Preparation and Characterization of Physically Activated Carbon and Its Energetic Application for All-Solid-State Supercapacitors: A Case Study. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:21653-21663. [PMID: 37360487 PMCID: PMC10286292 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c01065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Biomass-derived activated carbons have gained significant attention as electrode materials for supercapacitors (SCs) due to their renewability, low-cost, and ready availability. In this work, we have derived physically activated carbon from date seed biomass as symmetric electrodes and PVA/KOH has been used as a gel polymer electrolyte for all-solid-state SCs. Initially, the date seed biomass was carbonized at 600 °C (C-600) and then it was used to obtain physically activated carbon through CO2 activation at 850 °C (C-850). The SEM and TEM images of C-850 displayed its porous, flaky, and multilayer type morphologies. The fabricated electrodes from C-850 with PVA/KOH electrolytes showed the best electrochemical performances in SCs (Lu et al. Energy Environ. Sci., 2014, 7, 2160) application. Cyclic voltammetry was performed from 5 to 100 mV s-1, illustrating an electric double layer behavior. The C-850 electrode delivered a specific capacitance of 138.12 F g-1 at 5 mV s-1, whereas it retained 16 F g-1 capacitance at 100 mV s-1. Our assembled all-solid-state SCs exhibit an energy density of 9.6 Wh kg-1 with a power density of 87.86 W kg-1. The internal and charge transfer resistances of the assembled SCs were 0.54 and 17.86 Ω, respectively. These innovative findings provide a universal and KOH-free activation process for the synthesis of physically activated carbon for all solid-state SCs applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aziz Ahmad
- Interdisciplinary
Research Center for Hydrogen and Energy Storage (IRC-HES), King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals,
KFUPM, Box 5040, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Ashraf Gondal
- Laser
Research Group, Physics Department and IRC-Hydrogen and Energy Storage, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals,
KFUPM, Box 5047, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia
- K.A.CARE
Energy Research & Innovation Center (ERIC), King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals (KFUPM), Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Hassan
- Laser
Research Group, Physics Department and IRC-Hydrogen and Energy Storage, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals,
KFUPM, Box 5047, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rashid Iqbal
- College
of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, China
| | - Sami Ullah
- K.A.CARE
Energy Research & Innovation Center (ERIC), King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals (KFUPM), Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia
| | - Atif Saeed Alzahrani
- Interdisciplinary
Research Center for Hydrogen and Energy Storage (IRC-HES), King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals,
KFUPM, Box 5040, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia
| | - Waqar Ali Memon
- Chinese
Academy of Sciences, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beiyitiao No. 11, Zhongguancun, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Fazal Mabood
- Institute
of Chemical Sciences, University of Swat, Charbagh, KP 19120, Pakistan
| | - Saad Melhi
- Department
of Chemistry, College of Science, University
of Bisha, Bisha 61922, Saudi Arabia
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2
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Sahoo S, Bolagam R, Sardar K, Kaneko S, Shi SC, Chang KS, Yoshimura M. Diamond-like Carbon Patterning by the Submerged Discharge Plasma Technique via Soft Solution Processing. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:17053-17063. [PMID: 37214720 PMCID: PMC10193553 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c01322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Submerged plasma-assisted discharge direct patterning of diamond-like carbon (DLC) onto the silicon substrate in ambient conditions has succeeded as a new and novel soft solution process. In this environmentally benign technique, a copious amount of pure ethanol (ca. 4 mL) was locally activated with a maximum of ca. 0.23 mkWh by an as-electrochemically synthesized ultrasharp tungsten tip. With the assisted submerged plasma, the decomposed ethanol molecules are anodically patterned directly onto the silicon substrate in ambient conditions. The physical nature of DLC patterns was accessed by profilometry, atomic force microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy analysis. Furthermore, Fourier-transform infrared, Raman, and X-ray photoelectron spectra were analyzed for chemical compositions and structures, such as surface functionalization, carbon-carbon bonding, and sp2-sp3 ratio, respectively. From a Berkovich-configured nanoindentation analysis, Young's modulus and hardness have shown increasing trend with increasing sp3-sp2 ratio in DLC patterns of 68.5 and 2.8 GPa, respectively. From the electrochemical cyclovoltammetry analysis, a maximum areal specific capacitance of 205.5 μF/cm2 has been achieved at a scan rate of 5 mV/s. The one-step, green, and environmentally sustainable approach of rapid formation of DLC patterns is thus a promising technique for various carbon-based electrode fabrication processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumanta
Kumar Sahoo
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, National
Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
| | - Ravi Bolagam
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, National
Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
| | - Kripasindhu Sardar
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, National
Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
| | - Satoru Kaneko
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, National
Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
- Kanagawa
Institute of Industrial Science and Technology, Ebina, Kanagawa 243-0435, Japan
| | - Shih-Chen Shi
- Department
of Mechanical Engineering, National Cheng
Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
| | - Kao-Shuo Chang
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, National
Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
| | - Masahiro Yoshimura
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, National
Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
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3
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Migration: A Neglected Potential Contribution of HCl-Oxidized Au(0). Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28041600. [PMID: 36838588 PMCID: PMC9964448 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28041600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, the typical oxidation process of Au/C catalysts exposed to HCl is presented. Although the process violates the standard electrode potentials, the "oxidized" tendency of Au(0) species is analyzed. This oxidation behavior can only be triggered over the Au/C sample within residual cationic Au species, and terminated over the completely metallic Au(0)/C sample. This study demonstrates that the presence of surface chlorination species cannot facilitate the oxidation of Au(0) and Au(I) when the sample is treated with HCl alone, which excludes the oxidation paths of: Au(0) → Au(III) and Au(I) → Au(III). The reported "HCl-oxidized Au(0)" behavior is partially caused by the migration of Au(III) species in the carbon bulk-phase, which occurs outside the XPS detection limit region and into the detection limit rather than the "HCl-oxidized Au(0)" itself. The mechanism of driving the bulk-phase Au(III) migrated from the steady destabilized state to the carbon surface is then studied. This study demonstrates that the migration of Au cannot be neglected behind the curious oxidation phenomenon by HCl, which provides a new perspective for the oxidation of other noble metals by HCl.
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4
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Adil S, Kim JO. The effectiveness and adsorption mechanism of iron-carbon nanotube composites for removing phosphate from aqueous environments. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 313:137629. [PMID: 36565757 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.137629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
This study successfully employed iron-carbon nanotubes (Fe-CNT) to recover phosphate (P) from water. We examined the effects of various iron concentrations denoted by Fe-CNT-1 and Fe-CNT-2 on P removal and compared them with pristine carbon nanotubes (CNTs). The adsorption capacity of Fe-CNTs was much better than pristine CNTs. According to the high adsorption capacity, Fe-CNT-2 sample was very effective for P recovery and exhibits ∼7 times higher P removal efficiency than that of pristine CNTs. The characterization of the as-obtained adsorbent (Fe-CNT-2) and pristine CNTs were performed using X-ray diffraction, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller method, Field emission scanning electron microscope coupled with energy-dispersive spectroscopy detector (FESEM-EDS), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and Transmission electron microscopy. Results demonstrated that iron oxide nanoparticles were successfully deposited on the surface of CNT. The adsorption kinetics and isotherm studies for P removal showed pseudo-second-order rate constants (R2 > 0.99) and the Langmuir isotherm (R2 > 0.99) respectively, thus revealing that the nature of adsorption was chemisorption. The estimated Langmuir adsorption capacity of Fe-CNT-2 was 36.5 mgP/g or 112 mg PO4/g at an equilibrium time of 3 h. The ionic strength provided by SO42-, NO3-, and Cl- demonstrated no considerable influence on phosphate adsorption. Moreover, the P adsorbed Fe-CNT-2 was efficiently recovered with different concentrations of desorbing reagents, such as NaOH and NaCO32-. Moreover, the findings of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis demonstrated that OH group played a major role in the P removal by Fe-CNT-2. The findings of this study demonstrate that Fe-CNT-2 had a great deal of application as an effective and stable adsorbent for the P recovery from aquatic environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sawaira Adil
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Oh Kim
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea.
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5
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Lan G, Li Z, Han X, Zhang L, Qiu Y, Sun X, Cheng Z, Li Y. Modulating the surface structure of nanodiamonds to enhance the electronic metal–support interaction of efficient ruthenium catalysts for levulinic acid hydrogenation. NEW J CHEM 2023. [DOI: 10.1039/d2nj06229a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2023]
Abstract
The annealed nanodiamond-supported Ru NPs with high electron density exhibit efficient activity and high stability for hydrogenation of levulinic acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guojun Lan
- Institute of Industrial Catalysis, Zhejiang University of Technology, Chaowang Road 18, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhenqing Li
- Institute of Industrial Catalysis, Zhejiang University of Technology, Chaowang Road 18, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaojia Han
- Institute of Industrial Catalysis, Zhejiang University of Technology, Chaowang Road 18, Hangzhou, China
| | - Liping Zhang
- Institute of Industrial Catalysis, Zhejiang University of Technology, Chaowang Road 18, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yiyang Qiu
- Institute of Industrial Catalysis, Zhejiang University of Technology, Chaowang Road 18, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiucheng Sun
- Institute of Industrial Catalysis, Zhejiang University of Technology, Chaowang Road 18, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zaizhe Cheng
- Institute of Industrial Catalysis, Zhejiang University of Technology, Chaowang Road 18, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ying Li
- Institute of Industrial Catalysis, Zhejiang University of Technology, Chaowang Road 18, Hangzhou, China
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6
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7
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Lu F, Wei C, Yin X, Kang L, Zhu M, Dai B. The Effect of sp2 Content in Carbon on Its Catalytic Activity for Acetylene Hydrochlorination. NANOMATERIALS 2022; 12:nano12152619. [PMID: 35957049 PMCID: PMC9370422 DOI: 10.3390/nano12152619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Revised: 07/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
We report the influence of sp2 content in carbon catalyst on the catalytic activity for acetylene hydrochlorination. Nanodiamonds (NDs) were used as the precursor and calcinated under different temperatures. The resulting ND500, ND700, ND900, and ND1100 catalysts were characterized, and the sp2 content increased with increasing calcination temperature. The specific activities of the catalysts first increased and then decreased with increasing sp2 content. The highest catalytic activity could be obtained in the ND-900 catalyst with a sp2 value of 43.9%. The density functional theory results showed that the adsorption sites for acetylene and hydrogen chloride were located at the interface between sp2 and sp3 configuration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangjie Lu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai 264004, China; (F.L.); (X.Y.); (M.Z.)
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000, China;
| | - Chengcheng Wei
- Shandong National Standards Technical Review and Assessment Center, Jinan 250002, China;
| | - Xue Yin
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai 264004, China; (F.L.); (X.Y.); (M.Z.)
| | - Lihua Kang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai 264004, China; (F.L.); (X.Y.); (M.Z.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Mingyuan Zhu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai 264004, China; (F.L.); (X.Y.); (M.Z.)
| | - Bin Dai
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000, China;
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8
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Dong X, Liu G, Chen Z, Zhang Q, Xu Y, Liu Z. Activated carbon supported nitrogen-containing diheterocycle mercury-free catalyst for acetylene hydrochlorination. MOLECULAR CATALYSIS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mcat.2022.112366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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9
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Wang X, Fan D, Lan G, Cheng Z, Sun X, Qiu Y, Han W, Tang H, Liu H, Zhu Y, Hu X, Li Y. The reaction mechanism of acetylene hydrochlorination on defective carbon supported ruthenium catalysts identified by DFT calculations and experimental approaches. Inorg Chem Front 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1qi01164b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The electron density of ruthenium ions in RuCl3/AC-D catalyst increases, which reduces the energy barrier of the main reaction and inhibits the side reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolong Wang
- Institute of Industry Catalysis, Zhejiang University of Technology, 18 Chaowang Road, Hangzhou 310014, PR China
| | - Dong Fan
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou ChaoWang Road 18, 310032, PR China
| | - Guojun Lan
- Institute of Industry Catalysis, Zhejiang University of Technology, 18 Chaowang Road, Hangzhou 310014, PR China
| | - Zaizhe Cheng
- Institute of Industry Catalysis, Zhejiang University of Technology, 18 Chaowang Road, Hangzhou 310014, PR China
| | - Xiucheng Sun
- Institute of Industry Catalysis, Zhejiang University of Technology, 18 Chaowang Road, Hangzhou 310014, PR China
| | - Yiyang Qiu
- Institute of Industry Catalysis, Zhejiang University of Technology, 18 Chaowang Road, Hangzhou 310014, PR China
| | - Wenfeng Han
- Institute of Industry Catalysis, Zhejiang University of Technology, 18 Chaowang Road, Hangzhou 310014, PR China
| | - Haodong Tang
- Institute of Industry Catalysis, Zhejiang University of Technology, 18 Chaowang Road, Hangzhou 310014, PR China
| | - Huazhang Liu
- Institute of Industry Catalysis, Zhejiang University of Technology, 18 Chaowang Road, Hangzhou 310014, PR China
| | - Yihan Zhu
- Institute of Industry Catalysis, Zhejiang University of Technology, 18 Chaowang Road, Hangzhou 310014, PR China
| | - Xiaojun Hu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou ChaoWang Road 18, 310032, PR China
| | - Ying Li
- Institute of Industry Catalysis, Zhejiang University of Technology, 18 Chaowang Road, Hangzhou 310014, PR China
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10
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Vejpravová J. Mixed sp 2-sp 3 Nanocarbon Materials: A Status Quo Review. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 11:2469. [PMID: 34684910 PMCID: PMC8539693 DOI: 10.3390/nano11102469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Revised: 08/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Carbon nanomaterials with a different character of the chemical bond-graphene (sp2) and nanodiamond (sp3)-are the building bricks for a new class of all-carbon hybrid nanomaterials, where the two different carbon networks with sp3 and sp2 hybridization coexist, interacting and even transforming into one another. The extraordinary physiochemical properties defined by the unique electronic band structure of the two border nanoallotropes ensure the immense application potential and versatility of these all-carbon nanomaterials. The review summarizes the status quo of sp2 - sp3 nanomaterials, including graphene/graphene-oxide-nanodiamond composites and hybrids, graphene/graphene-oxide-diamond heterojunctions, and other sp2-sp3 nanocarbon hybrids for sensing, electronic, and other emergent applications. Novel sp2-sp3 transitional nanocarbon phases and architectures are also discussed. Furthermore, the two-way sp2 (graphene) to sp3 (diamond surface and nanodiamond) transformations at the nanoscale, essential for innovative fabrication, and stability and chemical reactivity assessment are discussed based on extensive theoretical, computational and experimental studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana Vejpravová
- Department of Condensed Matter Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University, Ke Karlovu 5, 121 16 Prague, Czech Republic
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11
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Zhao C, Yi Z, Xue Y, Guan Q, Li W. Constructing the single‐site of pyridine‐based organic compounds for acetylene hydrochlorination: From theory to experiment. Appl Organomet Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.6318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chaoyue Zhao
- College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento‐Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education) Nankai University Tianjin China
| | - Zenghuimin Yi
- College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento‐Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education) Nankai University Tianjin China
| | - Yinan Xue
- College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento‐Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education) Nankai University Tianjin China
| | - Qingxin Guan
- College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento‐Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education) Nankai University Tianjin China
| | - Wei Li
- College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento‐Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education) Nankai University Tianjin China
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12
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Qiao X, Liu X, Zhou Z, Guan Q, Li W. Constructing green mercury-free catalysts with single pyridinic N species for acetylene hydrochlorination and mechanism investigation. Catal Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cy01950j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
A green bifunctional polymer for acetylene hydrochlorination is directly used as a catalyst and then used as a precursor to prepare an N-doped carbon catalyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianliang Qiao
- College of Chemistry
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education)
- Nankai University
- Tianjin 300071
| | - Xinyu Liu
- College of Chemistry
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education)
- Nankai University
- Tianjin 300071
| | - Zhiqiang Zhou
- College of Chemistry
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education)
- Nankai University
- Tianjin 300071
| | - Qingxin Guan
- College of Chemistry
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education)
- Nankai University
- Tianjin 300071
| | - Wei Li
- College of Chemistry
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education)
- Nankai University
- Tianjin 300071
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Abstract
Activated carbon-supported HgCl2 catalyst has been used widely in acetylene hydrochlorination in the chlor-alkali chemical industry. However, HgCl2 is an extremely toxic pollutant. It is not only harmful to human health but also pollutes the environment. Therefore, the design and synthesis of mercury-free and environmentally benign catalysts with high activity has become an urgent need for vinyl chloride monomer (VCM) production. This review summarizes research progress on the design and development of mercury-free catalysts for acetylene hydrochlorination. Three types of catalysts for acetylene hydrochlorination in the chlor-alkali chemical industry are discussed. These catalysts are a noble metal catalyst, non-noble metal catalyst, and non-metallic catalyst. This review serves as a guide in terms of the catalyst design, properties, and catalytic mechanism of mercury-free catalyst for the acetylene hydrochlorination of VCM. The key problems and issues are discussed, and future trends are envisioned.
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Wang B, Yue Y, Pang X, Zhu W, Chen Z, Shao S, Wang T, Pan Z, Li X, Zhao J. Synergistic effect of two action sites on a nitrogen-doped carbon catalyst towards acetylene hydrochlorination. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:20995-20999. [PMID: 32955049 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp04043f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Whether the reaction pathway is steady or dynamic over the whole life cycle of a catalyst process can facilitate our understanding of its catalytic behavior. Herein, the dynamic reaction pathways of nitrogen-doped carbon catalysts are investigated in acetylene hydrochlorination. When triggered, the reaction follows the Langmuir-Hinshelwood mechanism with pyrrolic N and pyridinic N as dual active sites. However, pyridinic N is deactivated first, due to the strong adsorption of hydrogen chloride, causing the reaction to further run with pyrrolic N as the single active site and follow the Eley-Rideal mechanism. This work provides a new promising way to study the catalytic behavior of nitrogen-doped carbon catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bolin Wang
- Industrial Catalysis Institute of Zhejiang University of Technology, State Key Laboratory Breeding Bas e of Green Chemistry-Synthesis Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, P. R. China.
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15
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Kaiser SK, Song KS, Mitchell S, Coskun A, Pérez‐Ramírez J. Nitrogen‐Doped Carbons with Hierarchical Porosity via Chemical Blowing Towards Long‐Lived Metal‐Free Catalysts for Acetylene Hydrochlorination. ChemCatChem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201902331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Selina K. Kaiser
- Institute for Chemical and Bioengineering Department of Chemistry and Applied BiosciencesETH Zurich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1 Zurich 8093 Switzerland
| | - Kyung Seob Song
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Fribourg Chemin de Musée 9 Fribourg 1700 Switzerland
| | - Sharon Mitchell
- Institute for Chemical and Bioengineering Department of Chemistry and Applied BiosciencesETH Zurich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1 Zurich 8093 Switzerland
| | - Ali Coskun
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Fribourg Chemin de Musée 9 Fribourg 1700 Switzerland
| | - Javier Pérez‐Ramírez
- Institute for Chemical and Bioengineering Department of Chemistry and Applied BiosciencesETH Zurich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1 Zurich 8093 Switzerland
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16
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Liu Y, Zhang H, Dong Y, Li W, Zhao S, Zhang J. Characteristics of activated carbons modulate the catalytic performance for acetylene hydrochlorination. MOLECULAR CATALYSIS 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mcat.2019.110707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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17
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Zhao C, Qiao X, Yi Z, Guan Q, Li W. Active centre and reactivity descriptor of a green single component imidazole catalyst for acetylene hydrochlorination. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:2849-2857. [PMID: 31967628 DOI: 10.1039/c9cp06005g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A green catalyst for acetylene hydrochlorination yielding a VCM is presented using imidazole as a single component metal-free catalyst. The mechanisms and reactivities of imidazole-catalyzed acetylene hydrochlorination have been investigated by combined computational and experimental studies. The electronic effects of ortho-substituents on the reactivities have also been investigated. Through theoretical calculations and experimental studies, the nitrogen-atom including a lone pair active site of single component imidazole for metal-free acetylene hydrochlorination is proposed. It is suggested that the nitrogen-atom including a lone pair of imidazole adsorbs an HCl molecule to form an imidazole-HCl complex, which serves as the active catalyst to participate in the reaction process of acetylene hydrochlorination. Besides, the results show that C2H2 assists in the electrophilic addition of HCl, undergoing an almost planar six-membered ring transition state. Computational studies on the ortho-substitution of the active sites will have an important impact on the catalytic efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoyue Zhao
- College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
| | - Xianliang Qiao
- College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
| | - Zenghuimin Yi
- College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
| | - Qingxin Guan
- College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
| | - Wei Li
- College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
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18
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Shen Z, Liu Y, Han Y, Qin Y, Li J, Xing P, Jiang B. Nitrogen-doped porous carbon from biomass with superior catalytic performance for acetylene hydrochlorination. RSC Adv 2020; 10:14556-14569. [PMID: 35497155 PMCID: PMC9051911 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra00475h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Acetylene hydrochlorination is an important aspect of the industrial synthesis of polyvinyl chloride, but it requires a toxic mercury chloride catalyst. Here we report a green, highly efficient and low cost nitrogen-doped soybean meal carbon (SBMC) catalyst obtained from the simple carbonization of biomass soybean meal (SBM) in the presence of zinc chloride. This material exhibits excellent catalytic performance during acetylene hydrochlorination, with an initial acetylene conversion greater than 99% and 98% selectivity for vinyl chloride at 200 °C over 110 h. Analyses by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and temperature programmed desorption as well as catalytic activity evaluations show that pyridinic species are the active sites for hydrogen chloride, while pyrrolic N species are the main active sites for acetylene. An analysis of charge calculations based on model catalysts further indicates that the activity of pyrrolic N species essentially determines the performance of the SBMC catalyst. This investigation of the mechanism of acetylene hydrochlorination over SBMC confirms that such nitrogen-doped catalysts have two different active sites for the adsorption and activation of hydrogen chloride and acetylene molecules. This mechanism is different from that associated with metal chloride catalysts such as HgCl2. This SBMC catalyst is a potential alternative to HgCl2@AC catalysts for vinyl chloride synthesis and suggests a new means of designing carbon catalysts with basic surfaces for acetylene hydrochlorination. A green, highly efficient and low-cost nitrogen-doped soybean metal carbon (SBMC) catalyst obtained from the simple carbonization of biomass soybean meal (SBM) in the presence of zinc chloride.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaobing Shen
- Shanghai Green Chemical Engineering Research Centre
- Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry
- Shanghai
- P. R. China
- Green Chemical Engineering Research Centre
| | - Yue Liu
- Green Chemical Engineering Research Centre
- Shanghai Advanced Research Institute
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Shanghai
- P. R. China
| | - Yejun Han
- Green Chemical Engineering Research Centre
- Shanghai Advanced Research Institute
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Shanghai
- P. R. China
| | - Yejun Qin
- Shanghai Green Chemical Engineering Research Centre
- Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry
- Shanghai
- P. R. China
| | - Jinhua Li
- Shanghai Green Chemical Engineering Research Centre
- Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry
- Shanghai
- P. R. China
| | - Ping Xing
- Shanghai Green Chemical Engineering Research Centre
- Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry
- Shanghai
- P. R. China
| | - Biao Jiang
- Shanghai Green Chemical Engineering Research Centre
- Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry
- Shanghai
- P. R. China
- Green Chemical Engineering Research Centre
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19
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Yue Y, Wang B, Wang S, Jin C, Lu J, Fang Z, Shao S, Pan Z, Ni J, Zhao J, Li X. Boron-doped carbon nanodots dispersed on graphitic carbon as high-performance catalysts for acetylene hydrochlorination. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:5174-5177. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cc09701e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Boron-doped carbon nanodot materials, comprising evenly distributed BC3-nanodots in a layered carbon matrix, are prepared through a pre-assembly assisted carbonization synthetic strategy.
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20
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Qiu Y, Fan D, Lan G, Wei S, Hu X, Li Y. Generalized reactivity descriptor of defective carbon catalysts for acetylene hydrochlorination: the ratio of sp2 : sp3 hybridization. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:14877-14880. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cc06177h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Surface engineering of sp2 and sp3 oriented carbons with optimized hybridization configuration makes excellent metal free catalysts for acetylene hydrochlorination
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiyang Qiu
- Institute of Industrial Catalysis
- College of chemical engineering
- Zhejiang University of Technology
- P. R. China
| | - Dong Fan
- College of Materials and Science
- Zhejiang University of Technology
- Hangzhou 310014
- P. R. China
| | - Guojun Lan
- Institute of Industrial Catalysis
- College of chemical engineering
- Zhejiang University of Technology
- P. R. China
| | - Shuhao Wei
- Institute of Industrial Catalysis
- College of chemical engineering
- Zhejiang University of Technology
- P. R. China
| | - Xiaojun Hu
- College of Materials and Science
- Zhejiang University of Technology
- Hangzhou 310014
- P. R. China
| | - Ying Li
- Institute of Industrial Catalysis
- College of chemical engineering
- Zhejiang University of Technology
- P. R. China
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21
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Zhou Q, Zhao Z. Sulfate Surfactant Assisted Approach to Fabricate Sulphur‐Doped Supported Nanodiamond Catalyst on Carbon Nanotube with Unprecedented Catalysis for Ethylbenzene Dehydrogenation. ChemCatChem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201901267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Qin Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals Department of Catalysis Chemistry and Engineering School of Chemical EngineeringDalian University of Technology Dalian 116024 P. R. China
| | - Zhongkui Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals Department of Catalysis Chemistry and Engineering School of Chemical EngineeringDalian University of Technology Dalian 116024 P. R. China
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22
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Lai H, Wang B, Yue Y, Sheng G, Wang S, Feng F, Zhang Q, Zhao J, Li X. An Alternative Carbon Carrier in Green Preparation of Efficient Gold/Carbon Catalyst for Acetylene Hydrochlorination. ChemCatChem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201900710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Huixia Lai
- Industrial Catalysis InstituteLaboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry-Synthesis TechnologyZhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou 310014 P.R. China
| | - Bolin Wang
- Industrial Catalysis InstituteLaboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry-Synthesis TechnologyZhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou 310014 P.R. China
| | - Yuxue Yue
- Industrial Catalysis InstituteLaboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry-Synthesis TechnologyZhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou 310014 P.R. China
| | - Gangfeng Sheng
- Industrial Catalysis InstituteLaboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry-Synthesis TechnologyZhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou 310014 P.R. China
| | - Saisai Wang
- Industrial Catalysis InstituteLaboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry-Synthesis TechnologyZhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou 310014 P.R. China
| | - Feng Feng
- Industrial Catalysis InstituteLaboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry-Synthesis TechnologyZhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou 310014 P.R. China
| | - Qunfeng Zhang
- Industrial Catalysis InstituteLaboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry-Synthesis TechnologyZhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou 310014 P.R. China
| | - Jia Zhao
- Industrial Catalysis InstituteLaboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry-Synthesis TechnologyZhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou 310014 P.R. China
| | - Xiaonian Li
- Industrial Catalysis InstituteLaboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry-Synthesis TechnologyZhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou 310014 P.R. China
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