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Berlanga I, Rosenkranz A. Covalent organic frameworks in tribology - A perspective. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 331:103228. [PMID: 38901060 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2024.103228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2024] [Accepted: 06/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
Two-dimensional covalent organic frameworks (2D COFs) are an emerging class of crystalline porous materials formed through covalent bonds between organic building blocks. COFs uniquely combine a large surface area, an excellent stability, numerous abundant active sites, and tunable functionalities, thus making them highly attractive for numerous applications. Especially, their abundant active sites and weak interlayer interaction make these materials promising candidates for tribological research. Recently, notable attention has been paid to COFs as lubricant additives due to their excellent tribological performance. Our review aims at critically summarizing the state-of-art developments of 2D COFs in tribology. We discuss their structural and functional design principles, as well as synthetic strategies with a special focus on tribology. The generation of COF thin films is also assessed in detail, which can alleviate their most challenging drawbacks for this application. Subsequently, we analyze the existing state-of-the-art regarding the usage of COFs as lubricant additives, self-lubrication composite coatings, and solid lubricants at the nanoscale. Finally, critical challenges and future trends of 2D COFs in tribology are outlined to initiate and boost new research activities in this exciting field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isadora Berlanga
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Biotechnology and Materials, FCFM, University of Chile, Santiago de Chile, Chile.
| | - Andreas Rosenkranz
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Biotechnology and Materials, FCFM, University of Chile, Santiago de Chile, Chile; ANID - Millennium Science Initiative Program, Millennium Nuclei of Advanced MXenes for Sustainable Applications (AMXSA), Santiago, Chile.
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Koner K, Sasmal HS, Shetty D, Banerjee R. Thickness-Driven Synthesis and Applications of Covalent Organic Framework Nanosheets. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202406418. [PMID: 38726702 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202406418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are two-dimensional, crystalline porous framework materials with numerous scopes for tunability, such as porosity, functionality, stability and aspect ratio (thickness to length ratio). The manipulation of π-stacking in COFs results in truly 2D materials, namely covalent organic nanosheets (CONs), adds advantages in many applications. In this Minireview, we have discussed both top-down (COFs→CONs) and bottom-up (molecules→CONs) approaches with precise information on thickness and lateral growth. We have showcased the research progress on CONs in a few selected applications, such as batteries, catalysis, sensing and biomedical applications. This Minireview specifically highlights the reports where the authors compare the performance of CONs with COFs by demonstrating the impact of the thickness and lateral growth of the nanosheets. We have also provided the possible scope of exploration of CONs research in terms of inter-dimensional conversion, such as graphene to carbon nanotube and future technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalipada Koner
- Centre for Advanced Functional Materials, Department of Chemical Science, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Kolkata, Mohanpur, 741246, India
| | - Himadri Sekhar Sasmal
- Centre for Advanced Functional Materials, Department of Chemical Science, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Kolkata, Mohanpur, 741246, India
| | - Dinesh Shetty
- Department of Chemistry & Center for Catalysis and Separations (CeCaS), Khalifa University of Science & Technology, PO Box 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Rahul Banerjee
- Centre for Advanced Functional Materials, Department of Chemical Science, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Kolkata, Mohanpur, 741246, India
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, Korea
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Qin Y, She P, Wang Y, Wong WY. An All-In-One Integrating Strategy for Designing Platinum(II)-Based Supramolecular Polymers for Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024:e2400259. [PMID: 38624171 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202400259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 04/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
Organic polymer photocatalysts have achieved significant progress in photocatalytic hydrogen evolution, while developing the integrated organic polymers possessing the functions of photosensitizer, electron transfer mediator, and catalyst simultaneously is urgently needed and presents a great challenge. Considering that chalcogenoviologens are able to act as photosensitizers and electron-transfer mediators, a series of chalcogenoviologen-containing platinum(II)-based supramolecular polymers is designed, which exhibited strong visible light-absorbing ability and suitable bandgap for highly efficient photocatalytic hydrogen evolution without the use of a cocatalyst. The hydrogen evolution rate (HER) increases steadily with the decrease in an optical gap of the polymer. Among these "all-in-one" polymers, Se-containing 2D porous polymer exhibited the best photocatalytic performance with a HER of 3.09 mmol g-1 h-1 under visible light (>420 nm) irradiation. Experimental and theoretical calculations reveal that the distinct intramolecular charge transfer characteristics and heteroatom N in terpyridine unit promote charge separation and transfer within the molecules. This work could provide new insights into the design of metallo-supramolecular polymers with finely tuned components for photocatalytic hydrogen evolution from water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Qin
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology and Research Institute for Smart Energy, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong, P. R. China
- The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, 518057, P. R. China
| | - Pengfei She
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology and Research Institute for Smart Energy, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong, P. R. China
- The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, 518057, P. R. China
| | - Yidi Wang
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology and Research Institute for Smart Energy, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong, P. R. China
- The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, 518057, P. R. China
| | - Wai-Yeung Wong
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology and Research Institute for Smart Energy, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong, P. R. China
- The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, 518057, P. R. China
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Ren L, Lian L, Zhang X, Liu Y, Han D, Yang S, Wang HG. .Boosting lithium storage in covalent triazine framework for symmetric all-organic lithium-ion batteries by regulating the degree of spatial distortion. J Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 660:1039-1047. [PMID: 38199891 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2024.01.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Covalent triazine frameworks (CTFs) with tunable structure, fine molecular design and low cost have been regarded as a class of ideal electrode materials for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). However, the tightly layered structure possessed by the CTFs leads to partial hiding of the redox active site, resulting in their unsatisfactory electrochemical performance. Herein, two CTFs (BDMI-CTF and TCNQ-CTF) with higher degree of structural distortion, more active sites exposed, and large lattice pores were prepared by dynamic trimerization reaction of cyano. As a result, BDMI-CTF as a cathode material for LIBs exhibits high initial capacity of 186.5 mAh/g at 50 mA g-1 and superior cycling stability without capacity loss after 2000 cycles at 1000 mA g-1 compared with TCNQ-CTF counterparts. Furthermore, based on their bipolar functionality, BDMI-CTF can be used as both cathode and anode materials for symmetric all-organic batteries (SAOBs), and this work will open a new window for the rational design of high performance CTF-based LIBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liqiu Ren
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, PR China
| | - Liang Lian
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, PR China
| | - Xupeng Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, PR China
| | - Yuying Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, PR China
| | - Donglai Han
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, PR China.
| | - Shuo Yang
- College of Science, Changchun University, Changchun 130022, PR China.
| | - Heng-Guo Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, PR China; Key Laboratory of Polyoxometalate and Reticular Material Chemistry of Ministry of Education and Faculty of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, PR China.
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Ren Y, Xu Y. Recent advances in two-dimensional polymers: synthesis, assembly and energy-related applications. Chem Soc Rev 2024; 53:1823-1869. [PMID: 38192222 DOI: 10.1039/d3cs00782k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
Two-dimensional polymers (2DPs) are a class of 2D crystalline polymer materials with definite structures, which have outstanding physical-chemical and electronic properties. They cleverly link organic building units through strong covalent bonds and can construct functional 2DPs through reasonable design and selection of different monomer units to meet various application requirements. As promising energy materials, 2DPs have developed rapidly in recent years. This review first introduces the basic overview of 2DPs, such as their historical development, inherent 2D characteristics and diversified topological advantages, followed by the summary of the typical 2DP synthesis methods recently (including "top-down" and "bottom-up" methods). The latest research progress in assembly and processing of 2DPs and the energy-related applications in energy storage and conversion are also discussed. Finally, we summarize and prospect the current research status, existing challenges, and future research directions of 2DPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumei Ren
- School of Engineering, Westlake University, Hangzhou 310024, Zhejiang Province, China.
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Aeronautics, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Yuxi Xu
- School of Engineering, Westlake University, Hangzhou 310024, Zhejiang Province, China.
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Zhu Y, Bai Q, Ouyang S, Jin Y, Zhang W. Covalent Organic Framework-based Solid-State Electrolytes, Electrode Materials, and Separators for Lithium-ion Batteries. CHEMSUSCHEM 2024; 17:e202301118. [PMID: 37706226 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202301118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
The increasing global energy consumption has led to the rapid development of renewable energy storage technologies. Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) have been extensively studied and utilized for reliable, efficient, and sustainable energy storage. Nevertheless, designing new materials for LIB applications with high capacity and long-term stability is highly desired but remains a challenging task. Recently, covalent organic frameworks (COFs) have emerged as superior candidates for LIB applications due to their high porosity, well-defined pores, highly customizable structure, and tunable functionalities. These merits enable the preparation of tailored COFs with predesigned redox-active moieties and suitable porous channels that can improve the lithium-ion storage and transportation. This review summarizes the recent progress in the development of COFs and their composites for a variety of LIB applications, including (quasi) solid-state electrolytes, electrode materials, and separators. Finally, the challenges and potential future directions of employing COFs for LIBs are also briefly discussed, further promoting the foundation of this class of exciting materials for future advances in energy-related applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youlong Zhu
- Key Laboratory for Polymeric Composite & Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, IGCME, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Qiaoshuang Bai
- Key Laboratory for Polymeric Composite & Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, IGCME, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Shan Ouyang
- Key Laboratory for Polymeric Composite & Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, IGCME, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Yinghua Jin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder CO, 80309, United States
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder CO, 80309, United States
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Cao Y, Sun Y, Guo C, Sun W, Wu Y, Xu Y, Liu T, Wang Y. Dendritic sp Carbon-Conjugated Benzothiadiazole-Based Polymers with Synergistic Multi-Active Groups for High-Performance Lithium Organic Batteries. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202316208. [PMID: 37990065 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202316208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 11/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
Green organic materials composed of C, H, O, and N elements are receiving more and more attention worldwide. However, the high solubility, poor electrical conductivity, and long activation time limit the development of organic materials in practice. Herein, two stable covalent organic materials with alkynyl linkage between benzene rings and benzothiadiazole groups with different amounts of fluorine atoms modification (defined as BOP-0F and BOP-2F), are designed for lithium-ion batteries. Both BOP-0F and BOP-2F can achieve superior reversible capacities of ≈719.8 and 713.5 mAh g-1 over 100 cycles on account of the redox activity of alkynyl (two-electron involved) and benzothiadiazole units (five-electron involved) in these organic materials. While BOP-2F electrodes exhibit much more stable cycling performance than BOP-0F electrodes, especially without pronounced capacity ascending during initial cycling. It can be assigned to the synergy effect of alkynyl linkage and fluorine atom modification in BOP-2F. The lithium storage and activation mechanism of alkynyl, benzothiadiazole, and fluorine groups have also been deeply probed by a series of material characterizations and theoretical simulations. This work could be noteworthy in providing novel tactics for the molecular design and investigation of high-efficiency organic electrodes for energy storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingnan Cao
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, 200444, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Yi Sun
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, 200444, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Chaofei Guo
- College of Chemical and Material Engineering, Zhejiang A&F University, 666 Wusu Street, 311300, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Weiwei Sun
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, 200444, Shanghai, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Organic Compound Pollution Control Engineering, Ministry of Education, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, 200444, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Yang Wu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, 200444, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Yi Xu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, 200444, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Tiancun Liu
- Institute of New Energy, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaoxing University, 900 Chengnan Avenue, 312000, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Yong Wang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, 200444, Shanghai, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Organic Compound Pollution Control Engineering, Ministry of Education, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, 200444, Shanghai, P. R. China
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Dantas R, Ribeiro C, Souto M. Organic electrodes based on redox-active covalent organic frameworks for lithium batteries. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 60:138-149. [PMID: 38051115 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc04322c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
Electroactive organic materials have received much attention as alternative electrodes for metal-ion batteries due to their high theoretical capacity, resource availability, and environmental friendliness. In particular, redox-active covalent organic frameworks (COFs) have recently emerged as promising electrodes due to their tunable electrochemical properties, insolubility in electrolytes, and structural versatility. In this Highlight, we review some recent strategies to improve the energy density and power density of COF electrodes for lithium batteries from the perspective of molecular design and electrode optimisation. Some other aspects such as stability and scalability are also discussed. Finally, the main challenges to improve their performance and future prospects for COF-based organic batteries are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Dantas
- Department of Chemistry, CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, 3810-393, Portugal.
| | - Catarina Ribeiro
- Department of Chemistry, CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, 3810-393, Portugal.
| | - Manuel Souto
- Department of Chemistry, CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, 3810-393, Portugal.
- CIQUS, Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Bioloxica e Materiais Moleculares, Departamento de Química-Física, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
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Zhang L, Zhang X, Han D, Zhai L, Mi L. Recent Progress in Design Principles of Covalent Organic Frameworks for Rechargeable Metal-Ion Batteries. SMALL METHODS 2023; 7:e2300687. [PMID: 37568245 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202300687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are acknowledged as a new generation of crystalline organic materials and have garnered tremendous attention owing to their unique advantages of structural tunability, frameworks diversity, functional versatility, and diverse applications in drug delivery, adsorption/separation, catalysis, optoelectronics, and sensing, etc. Recently, COFs is proven to be promising candidates for electrochemical energy storage materials. Their chemical compositions and structures can be precisely tuned and functionalized at the molecular level, allowing a comprehensive understanding of COFs that helps to make full use of their features and addresses the inherent drawback based on the components and functions of the devices. In this review, the working mechanisms and the distinguishing advantages of COFs as electrodes for rechargeable Li-ion batteries are discussed in detail. Especially, principles and strategies for the rational design of COFs as advanced electrode materials in Li-ion batteries are systematically summarized. Finally, this review is structured to cover recent explorations and applications of COF electrode materials in other rechargeable metal-ion batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Zhang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Functional Salt Materials, Center for Advanced Materials Research, Zhongyuan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, 450007, P. R. China
| | - Xiaofei Zhang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Functional Salt Materials, Center for Advanced Materials Research, Zhongyuan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, 450007, P. R. China
| | - Diandian Han
- Henan Key Laboratory of Functional Salt Materials, Center for Advanced Materials Research, Zhongyuan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, 450007, P. R. China
| | - Lipeng Zhai
- Henan Key Laboratory of Functional Salt Materials, Center for Advanced Materials Research, Zhongyuan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, 450007, P. R. China
| | - Liwei Mi
- Henan Key Laboratory of Functional Salt Materials, Center for Advanced Materials Research, Zhongyuan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, 450007, P. R. China
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Wang C, Lyu P, Chen Z, Xu Y. Green and Scalable Synthesis of Atomic-Thin Crystalline Two-Dimensional Triazine Polymers with Ultrahigh Photocatalytic Properties. J Am Chem Soc 2023. [PMID: 37171112 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c02874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Scalable and eco-friendly synthesis of crystalline two-dimensional (2D) polymers with proper band gap and single-layer thickness is highly desired for the fundamental research and practical applications of 2D polymers; however, it remains a considerable and unresolved challenge. Herein, we report a convenient and robust method to synthesize a series of crystalline covalent triazine framework nanosheets (CTF NSs) with a thickness of ∼80 nm via a new solvent-free salt-catalyzed nitrile cyclotrimerization process, which enables the cost-effective large-scale preparation of crystalline CTF NSs at the hundred-gram level. Theoretical calculations and detailed experiments revealed for the first time that the conventional salts such as KCl can not only act as physical templates as traditionally believed but also more importantly can efficiently catalyze the cyclotrimerization reaction of carbonitrile monomers as a new kind of green solid catalysts to achieve crystalline CTF NSs. Upon simple liquid-phase sonication, these CTF NSs can be easily further exfoliated into abundant single-layer crystalline 2D triazine polymers (2D-TPs) in high yields. The obtained atomically thin crystalline 2D-TPs with a band gap of 2.36 eV and rich triazine active groups exhibited a remarkable photocatalytic hydrogen evolution rate of 1321 μmol h-1 under visible light irradiation with an apparent quantum yield up to 29.5% at 420 nm and excellent photocatalytic overall water splitting activity with a solar-to-hydrogen efficiency up to 0.35%, which exceed all molecular framework materials and are among the best metal-free photocatalysts ever reported. Moreover, the processable 2D-TPs could be readily assembled on a support as a photocatalytic film device, which demonstrated superior photocatalytic performance (135.2 mmol h-1 m-2 for hydrogen evolution).
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Affiliation(s)
- Congxu Wang
- Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, Zhejiang Province, China
- School of Engineering, Westlake University, Hangzhou 310024, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Pengbo Lyu
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Thin Film Materials and Devices, School of Material Sciences and Engineering, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, Hunan Province, China
| | - Zhong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Precise Synthesis of Functional Molecules of Zhejiang Province, School of Science, Instrumentation and Service Center for Molecular Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou 310024, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yuxi Xu
- School of Engineering, Westlake University, Hangzhou 310024, Zhejiang Province, China
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Zhu J, Wang L, Hayat W, Zhang Y, Huang S, Zhang X, Zhou S. The efficient degradation of paracetamol using covalent triazine framework-derived Fe-N-C activated peroxymonosulfate via a non-radical pathway: Analysis of high-valent iron oxide, singlet oxygen and electron transfer. Sep Purif Technol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2022.123034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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12
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Molecular and Morphological Engineering of Organic Electrode Materials for Electrochemical Energy Storage. ELECTROCHEM ENERGY R 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s41918-022-00152-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
AbstractOrganic electrode materials (OEMs) can deliver remarkable battery performance for metal-ion batteries (MIBs) due to their unique molecular versatility, high flexibility, versatile structures, sustainable organic resources, and low environmental costs. Therefore, OEMs are promising, green alternatives to the traditional inorganic electrode materials used in state-of-the-art lithium-ion batteries. Before OEMs can be widely applied, some inherent issues, such as their low intrinsic electronic conductivity, significant solubility in electrolytes, and large volume change, must be addressed. In this review, the potential roles, energy storage mechanisms, existing challenges, and possible solutions to address these challenges by using molecular and morphological engineering are thoroughly summarized and discussed. Molecular engineering, such as grafting electron-withdrawing or electron-donating functional groups, increasing various redox-active sites, extending conductive networks, and increasing the degree of polymerization, can enhance the electrochemical performance, including its specific capacity (such as the voltage output and the charge transfer number), rate capability, and cycling stability. Morphological engineering facilitates the preparation of different dimensional OEMs (including 0D, 1D, 2D, and 3D OEMs) via bottom-up and top-down methods to enhance their electron/ion diffusion kinetics and stabilize their electrode structure. In summary, molecular and morphological engineering can offer practical paths for developing advanced OEMs that can be applied in next-generation rechargeable MIBs.
Graphical abstract
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Yue Z, Peng Z, Guo Y, Zhang W. Separation of anilines by a covalent triazine-triphenyl polymer as a stationary phase for their normal-phase and reverse-phase determination by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). ANAL LETT 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/00032719.2022.2071433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zeyi Yue
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zifang Peng
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yun Guo
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Wenfen Zhang
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Center of Advanced Analysis and Gene Sequencing, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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He J, Wang X, Jin S, Liu ZQ, Zhu M. 2D metal-free heterostructure of covalent triazine framework/g-C3N4 for enhanced photocatalytic CO2 reduction with high selectivity. CHINESE JOURNAL OF CATALYSIS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s1872-2067(21)63936-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Zhou G, Gao X, Wen S, Wu X, Zhang L, Wang T, Zhao P, Yin J, Zhu W. Magnesium-regulated oxygen vacancies of cobalt-nickel layered double hydroxide nanosheets for ultrahigh performance asymmetric supercapacitors. J Colloid Interface Sci 2022; 612:772-781. [PMID: 35032928 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2021.12.087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Rational design of layered double hydroxide (LDH) electrodes is of great significance for high-performance supercapacitors (SCs). Herein, ultrathin cobalt-nickel-magnesium layered double hydroxide (CoNiMg-LDH) nanosheets with plentiful oxygen vacancies are synthesized via sacrificial magnesium-based replacement reaction at room temperature. Self-doping and mild reduction of magnesium can significantly increase the concentration of oxygen vacancies in CoNiMg-LDH, which promotes the electrochemical charge transfer efficiency and enhances the adsorption ability of electrolytes. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations also indicate that Mg2+ doping can decrease the formation energy of oxygen vacancies in CoNiMg-LDH nanosheets, which increases the concentration of oxygen vacancies. Thus, the assembled asymmetric supercapacitor CoNiMg-LDH//Actived Carbon accomplishes a superior capacity of ∼ 333 C g-1 (208 F g-1) at 1 A g-1 and presents a gravimetric energy density of 73.9 Wh kg-1 at 0.8 kW kg-1. It presents only 13% capacity loss at 20 A g-1 after 5000 cycles. This discovery emphasizes the positive role of magnesium in regulating oxygen vacancies to improve the performance of supercapacitors, which should be beneficial for extending the scope of superior SCs active materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guolang Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huaiyin Normal University, Huai'an, Jiangsu 223001, PR China; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, PR China
| | - Xiaoliang Gao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huaiyin Normal University, Huai'an, Jiangsu 223001, PR China
| | - Shizheng Wen
- School of Physics and Electronic Electrical Engineering, Huaiyin Normal University, Huai'an, Jiangsu 223001, PR China
| | - Xinglong Wu
- School of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin 130024, PR China
| | - Lili Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huaiyin Normal University, Huai'an, Jiangsu 223001, PR China.
| | - Tianshi Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huaiyin Normal University, Huai'an, Jiangsu 223001, PR China
| | - Pusu Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huaiyin Normal University, Huai'an, Jiangsu 223001, PR China
| | - Jingzhou Yin
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huaiyin Normal University, Huai'an, Jiangsu 223001, PR China.
| | - Wenshuai Zhu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, PR China.
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Wang F, Zhang Z, Shakir I, Yu C, Xu Y. 2D Polymer Nanosheets for Membrane Separation. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2103814. [PMID: 35084113 PMCID: PMC8922124 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202103814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Since the discovery of single-layer graphene in 2004, the family of 2D inorganic nanosheets is considered as ideal membrane materials due to their ultrathin atomic thickness and fascinating physicochemical properties. However, the intrinsically nonporous feature of 2D inorganic nanosheets hinders their potential to achieve a higher flux to some extent. Recently, 2D polymer nanosheets, originated from the regular and periodic covalent connection of the building units in 2D plane, have emerged as promising candidates for preparing ultrafast and highly selective membranes owing to their inherently tunable and ordered pore structure, light weight, and high specific surface. In this review, the synthetic methodologies (including top-down and bottom-up methods) of 2D polymer nanosheets are first introduced, followed by the summary of 2D polymer nanosheets-based membrane fabrication as well as membrane applications in the fields of gas separation, water purification, organic solvent separation, and ion exchange/transport in fuel cells and lithium-sulfur batteries. Finally, based on their current achievements, the authors' personal insights are put forward into the existing challenges and future research directions of 2D polymer nanosheets for membrane separation. The authors believe this comprehensive review on 2D polymer nanosheets-based membrane separation will definitely inspire more studies in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Wang
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringShanghai UniversityShanghai201800China
- School of EngineeringWestlake UniversityHangzhouZhejiang Province310024China
- School of EngineeringWestlake Institute for Advanced StudyHangzhouZhejiang Province310024China
| | - Zhao Zhang
- School of EngineeringWestlake UniversityHangzhouZhejiang Province310024China
- School of EngineeringWestlake Institute for Advanced StudyHangzhouZhejiang Province310024China
| | - Imran Shakir
- Department of Materials Science and EngineeringUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesCA90095USA
- Sustainable Energy Technologies CenterCollege of EngineeringKing Saud UniversityRiyadh11421Saudi Arabia
| | - Chengbing Yu
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringShanghai UniversityShanghai201800China
| | - Yuxi Xu
- School of EngineeringWestlake UniversityHangzhouZhejiang Province310024China
- School of EngineeringWestlake Institute for Advanced StudyHangzhouZhejiang Province310024China
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17
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Ren X, Li C, Liu J, Li H, Bing L, Bai S, Xue G, Shen Y, Yang Q. The Fabrication of Pd Single Atoms/Clusters on COF Layers as Co-catalysts for Photocatalytic H 2 Evolution. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:6885-6893. [PMID: 35076197 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c23465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The particle size of co-catalysts significantly affects the activity of semiconductors in photocatalysis. Herein, we report that the photocatalytic H2 evolution (PHE) activity of a visible light responsive covalent organic framework (COF) layer supported on SiO2 nanoparticles was greatly promoted from 47.7 to 85.5 μmol/h by decreasing the particle size of the Pd co-catalyst from 3.3 nm to single atoms/clusters. A PHE rate of 156 mmol gCOF-1 h-1 and apparent quantum efficiency up to 7.3% were achieved with the Pd SAs/Cs co-catalyst. The relationship between the activity of Pd in H2 dissociation, proton reduction, and PHE rate suggests that the promotion effect of Pd SAs/Cs is mainly attributed to their enhancement in charge separation of COF layers rather than proton reduction. Furthermore, a photoactive film was fabricated and steady production of H2 was achieved under visible light irradiation and static conditions. The optimization of the particle size of co-catalysts provides an efficient method for enhancing the photocatalytic activity of semiconductors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomin Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Chunzhi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jiali Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing 100049, China
| | - He Li
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Liujie Bing
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Green Catalysis and Separation, Department of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, 100 Ping Le Yuan, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Shiyang Bai
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Green Catalysis and Separation, Department of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, 100 Ping Le Yuan, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Guoyong Xue
- i-Lab, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics (SINANO), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Yanbin Shen
- i-Lab, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics (SINANO), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Qihua Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China
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18
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Wang J, Wang K, Xu Y. Emerging Two-Dimensional Covalent and Coordination Polymers for Stable Lithium Metal Batteries: From Liquid to Solid. ACS NANO 2021; 15:19026-19053. [PMID: 34842431 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c09194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Lithium metal anodes (LMAs) have attracted much attention in recent years because of their high theoretical capacity (3860 mAh g-1) and low electrochemical potential (-3.040 V vs standard hydrogen electrode). Lithium metal can be coupled with various cathodes to construct high-energy-density lithium metal batteries (LMBs) which hold great promise for next-generation batteries. However, the unstable solid electrolyte interphases (SEIs) and the uncontrollable lithium dendrite growth severely hinder the commercial development of LMAs. The emerging 2D polymers (2DPs), which possess high mechanical flexibility, high specific surface area, abundant surface chemistry, and rich chemical modification characteristics, have shown great advantages in addressing the inherent issues of LMAs. Herein, the current progress of 2DPs for stable and dendrite-free LMAs in liquid- and solid-based batteries is comprehensively reviewed. Some perspectives for the application of 2DPs in LMBs are also discussed. It is believed that the emerging 2DPs will provide insights into developing high-energy-density LMBs and beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiwei Wang
- School of Engineering, Westlake University, Hangzhou 310024, Zhejiang Province, China
- Northeast Center for Chemical Energy Storage (NECCES), Binghamton University, Binghamton, New York 13902, United States
| | - Kaixi Wang
- School of Engineering, Westlake University, Hangzhou 310024, Zhejiang Province, China
- Joint Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macau SAR 999078, China
| | - Yuxi Xu
- School of Engineering, Westlake University, Hangzhou 310024, Zhejiang Province, China
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State of the art two-dimensional covalent organic frameworks: Prospects from rational design and reactions to applications for advanced energy storage technologies. Coord Chem Rev 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2021.214152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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20
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Jiang F, Wang Y, Qiu T, Zhang Y, Zhu W, Yang C, Huang J, Fang Z, Dai G. Superlithiation Performance of Covalent Triazine Frameworks as Anodes in Lithium-Ion Batteries. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:48818-48827. [PMID: 34613705 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c14838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Organics with the merit of renewability have been viewed as the promising alternative of inorganic electrode materials in lithium-ion batteries, but most of them display inferior performance due to the sluggish ion/electron diffusion and the potential dissolution in aprotic electrolytes. Here, covalent triazine frameworks (CTFs-1), full of vertical pores and layered spaces for Li+ transfer, have been synthesized with p-dicyanobenzene as the monomer by a facile two-step method including a prepolymerization with CF3SO3H as the catalyst and deep polymerization in molten ZnCl2. CTFs-1-400, obtained at the deep polymerization temperature of 400 °C, exhibits the superlithiation property with the specific capacities of 1626 mA h g-1 at 25 °C and 1913 mA h g-1 at 45 °C at 100 mA g-1, indicating the formation of Li6C6/Li6C3N3 in the reduction process. Electrochemical analysis and density functional theory calculation indicate that the ultrahigh capacity is mainly contributed by the capacitance of micropores and the redox capacity of benzene and triazine rings. Moreover, CTFs-1-400 displays the specific capacity of 740 mA h g-1 for 1000 cycles at 1 A g-1 with almost no capacity fading.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Jiang
- Mathematic Information College, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing 312000, P. R. China
| | - Yeji Wang
- College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing 312000, P. R. China
| | - Tianpei Qiu
- College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing 312000, P. R. China
| | - Yi Zhang
- College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing 312000, P. R. China
| | - Weijie Zhu
- College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing 312000, P. R. China
| | - Chaofan Yang
- College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing 312000, P. R. China
| | - Junjie Huang
- College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing 312000, P. R. China
| | - Zebo Fang
- Mathematic Information College, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing 312000, P. R. China
| | - Guoliang Dai
- School of Chemistry Biology and Material Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, P. R. China
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21
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Covalent organic frameworks for fluorescent sensing: Recent developments and future challenges. Coord Chem Rev 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2021.213957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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22
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Wang Z, Gu S, Cao L, Kong L, Wang Z, Qin N, Li M, Luo W, Chen J, Wu S, Liu G, Yuan H, Bai Y, Zhang K, Lu Z. Redox of Dual-Radical Intermediates in a Methylene-Linked Covalent Triazine Framework for High-Performance Lithium-Ion Batteries. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:514-521. [PMID: 33326203 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c17692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Covalent triazine frameworks (CTFs) are promising electrodes for rechargeable batteries due to their adjustable structures, rich redox sites, and tunable porosity. However, the CTFs usually exhibit inferior electrochemical stability because of the inactivation of the unstable radical intermediates. Here, a methylene-linked CTF has been synthesized and evaluated as a cathode for rechargeable lithium-ion batteries. Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) and in situ Raman characterizations demonstrated that the redox activity and reversibility of α-C and triazine radical intermediates are essentially important for the charging/discharging process, which have been efficiently stabilized by the synergetic π conjugation and hindrance effect caused by the adjacent rigid triazine rings and benzene rings in the unique CTF-p framework. Additionally, the methylene groups provided extra redox-active sites. As a result, high capacity and cycling stability were achieved. This work inspires the rational modulation of the radical intermediates to enhance the electrochemical performance of organic electrode materials for the next-generation energy storage devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqiang Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Photonic-Thermal-Electrical Energy Materials and Devices, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055 Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Shuai Gu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Photonic-Thermal-Electrical Energy Materials and Devices, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055 Guangdong, P. R. China
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, 999077 Hong Kong, P. R. China
| | - Lujie Cao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Photonic-Thermal-Electrical Energy Materials and Devices, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055 Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Long Kong
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Photonic-Thermal-Electrical Energy Materials and Devices, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055 Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Zhenyu Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Photonic-Thermal-Electrical Energy Materials and Devices, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055 Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Ning Qin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Photonic-Thermal-Electrical Energy Materials and Devices, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055 Guangdong, P. R. China
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, 999077 Hong Kong, P. R. China
| | - Muqing Li
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Photonic-Thermal-Electrical Energy Materials and Devices, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055 Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Wen Luo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Photonic-Thermal-Electrical Energy Materials and Devices, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055 Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Jingjing Chen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Photonic-Thermal-Electrical Energy Materials and Devices, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055 Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Sisi Wu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Photonic-Thermal-Electrical Energy Materials and Devices, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055 Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Guiyu Liu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Photonic-Thermal-Electrical Energy Materials and Devices, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055 Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Huimin Yuan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Photonic-Thermal-Electrical Energy Materials and Devices, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055 Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Yunfei Bai
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Photonic-Thermal-Electrical Energy Materials and Devices, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055 Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Kaili Zhang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, 999077 Hong Kong, P. R. China
| | - Zhouguang Lu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Photonic-Thermal-Electrical Energy Materials and Devices, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055 Guangdong, P. R. China
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Schneemann A, Dong R, Schwotzer F, Zhong H, Senkovska I, Feng X, Kaskel S. 2D framework materials for energy applications. Chem Sci 2020; 12:1600-1619. [PMID: 34163921 PMCID: PMC8179301 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc05889k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years a massive increase in publications on conventional 2D materials (graphene, h-BN, MoS2) is documented, accompanied by the transfer of the 2D concept to porous (crystalline) materials, such as ordered 2D layered polymers, covalent-organic frameworks, and metal-organic frameworks. Over the years, the 3D frameworks have gained a lot of attention for use in applications, ranging from electronic devices to catalysis, and from information to separation technologies, mostly due to the modular construction concept and exceptionally high porosity. A key challenge lies in the implementation of these materials into devices arising from the deliberate manipulation of properties upon delamination of their layered counterparts, including an increase in surface area, higher diffusivity, better access to surface sites and a change in the band structure. Within this minireview, we would like to highlight recent achievements in the synthesis of 2D framework materials and their advantages for certain applications, and give some future perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Schneemann
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden Bergstr. 66 01069 Dresden Germany
| | - Renhao Dong
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (CFAED), Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden 01062 Dresden Germany
| | - Friedrich Schwotzer
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden Bergstr. 66 01069 Dresden Germany
| | - Haixia Zhong
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (CFAED), Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden 01062 Dresden Germany
| | - Irena Senkovska
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden Bergstr. 66 01069 Dresden Germany
| | - Xinliang Feng
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (CFAED), Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden 01062 Dresden Germany
| | - Stefan Kaskel
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden Bergstr. 66 01069 Dresden Germany
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24
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Wang Z, Jin W, Huang X, Lu G, Li Y. Covalent Organic Frameworks as Electrode Materials for Metal Ion Batteries: A Current Review. CHEM REC 2020; 20:1198-1219. [PMID: 32881320 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202000074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
As the world moves toward electromobility, our daily lives are flooded with variety of lithium ion batteries (LIBs), and the concerns of cost, safety and environmental friendliness of LIBs spring up in the minds of scientists. Although organic electrodes have been considered as promising alternatives to their inorganic counterparts, some intrinsic weaknesses still plague scientists, such as high solubility, low conductivity and sluggish ion diffusion. The emergence of covalent organic frameworks (COFs) attracts our attention because of their robust networks and open pores that could facilitate the infiltration of electrolyte ions when used as electrodes for metal-ion batteries (MIBs). In this review, we summarized the recent progress of COFs as electrode materials, and the strategies toward enhancing electrochemical performance of COF-based electrode in MIBs are discussed. Hopefully, this review will provide a fundamental guidance for future development of COF-based electrodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaolei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Self-Assembly Chemistry for Organic Functional Molecules, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Weize Jin
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Self-Assembly Chemistry for Organic Functional Molecules, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyu Huang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Self-Assembly Chemistry for Organic Functional Molecules, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China.,School of Physical Science & Technology, ShanghaiTech University, 100 Haike Road, Shanghai, 201210, People's Republic of China
| | - Guolin Lu
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Self-Assembly Chemistry for Organic Functional Molecules, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongjun Li
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Self-Assembly Chemistry for Organic Functional Molecules, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
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25
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Sun T, Wang C, Xu Y. Covalent Triazine Framework Nanosheets for Efficient Energy Storage and Conversion. Chem Res Chin Univ 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s40242-020-0179-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Cao S, Zhang Y, He N, Wang J, Chen H, Jiang F. Metal-free 2D/2D heterojunction of covalent triazine-based frameworks/graphitic carbon nitride with enhanced interfacial charge separation for highly efficient photocatalytic elimination of antibiotic pollutants. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 391:122204. [PMID: 32044635 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.122204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Revised: 01/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
A novel polymer-based 2D/2D heterojunction photocatalysts of covalent triazine-based frameworks/graphitic carbon nitride nanosheets (CTFNS/CNNS) heterojunction are successfully obtained by an electrostatic self-assembly method using amine-functionalized CNNS and carboxyl-rich CTFNS. Such large contact surface and appropriate interfacial contact between CNNS and CTFNS plays a critical role in transfer and separation of charge-carriers. The resulting CTFNS/CNNS heterojunction showed significantly enhanced photocatalytic activity under the irradiation of simulated solar light, which could decompose 10 ppm sulfamethazine (SMT) within 180 min with a high degradation efficiency of 95.8 %. Chloride ions can greatly promote the photocatalytic degradation of SMT due to the production of more radical species. O2- is the dominant active species for SMT decomposition over CTFNS/CNNS heterojunction. Moreover, the degradation intermediates of SMT were identified using high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometer and the degradation pathway was proposed. This study provides a new insight into the design of 2D/2D heterojunctions using carbon-based nanomaterials, which exhibits great potential in the degradation of sulfonamide antibiotics in wastewaters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shihai Cao
- Key Laboratory of Jiangsu Province for Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Jiangsu Province for Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Nannan He
- Key Laboratory of Jiangsu Province for Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Institute of Chemistry, Henan Academy of Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Huan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Jiangsu Province for Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China.
| | - Fang Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Jiangsu Province for Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China.
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Ren SB, Ma W, Zhang C, Chen L, Wang K, Li RR, Shen M, Han DM, Chen Y, Jiang JX. Exploiting Polythiophenyl-Triazine-Based Conjugated Microporous Polymer with Superior Lithium-Storage Performance. CHEMSUSCHEM 2020; 13:2295-2302. [PMID: 32162415 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202000200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Revised: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Conjugated microporous polymers (CMPs) have been heralded as promising energy-storage materials with advantages such as chemical flexibility, porous structure, and environmentally friendliness. Herein, a novel conjugated microporous polymer was synthesized by integrating triazine, thiophene, and benzothiadiazole into a polymer skeleton, and the Li+ -storage performance for the as-synthesized polymer anode in Li-ion batteries (LIBs) was investigated. Benefiting from the inherent large surface area, plentiful redox-active units, and hierarchical porous structure, the polymer anode delivered a high Li+ storage capacity up to 1599 mAh g-1 at a current rate of 50 mA g-1 with an excellent rate behavior (363 mAh g-1 at 5 A g-1 ) and a long-term cyclability of 326 mAh g-1 over 1500 cycles at 5 A g-1 , implying that the newly developed polymer anode offers a great prospect for next-generation LIBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Bin Ren
- School of Pharmaceutical and Materials Engineering, Taizhou University, Taizhou, 317000, P. R. China
| | - Wenyan Ma
- Key Laboratory for Macromolecular Science of Shaanxi Province, Shaanxi Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Energy Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710062, P. R. China
| | - Chong Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Macromolecular Science of Shaanxi Province, Shaanxi Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Energy Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710062, P. R. China
| | - Lei Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical and Materials Engineering, Taizhou University, Taizhou, 317000, P. R. China
| | - Kai Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical and Materials Engineering, Taizhou University, Taizhou, 317000, P. R. China
| | - Rong-Rong Li
- School of Pharmaceutical and Materials Engineering, Taizhou University, Taizhou, 317000, P. R. China
| | - Mao Shen
- School of Pharmaceutical and Materials Engineering, Taizhou University, Taizhou, 317000, P. R. China
| | - De-Man Han
- School of Pharmaceutical and Materials Engineering, Taizhou University, Taizhou, 317000, P. R. China
| | - Yuxiang Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical and Materials Engineering, Taizhou University, Taizhou, 317000, P. R. China
| | - Jia-Xing Jiang
- Key Laboratory for Macromolecular Science of Shaanxi Province, Shaanxi Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Energy Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710062, P. R. China
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Yin C, Zhang Z, Zhou J, Wang Y. Single-Layered Nanosheets of Covalent Triazine Frameworks (CTFs) by Mild Oxidation for Molecular-Sieving Membranes. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:18944-18951. [PMID: 32233398 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c03246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Covalent triazine framework (CTF) nanosheets featured with uniform intrinsic nanoporosity and excellent stability are promising building blocks for fast, selective membranes. However, it remains challenging to produce ultrathin CTF nanosheets, significantly hindering the development of CTF-based membranes. Herein, we develop a mild oxidation strategy to exfoliate CTFs, enabling the preparation of highly permeable membranes with stacked CTF nanosheets as the selective layers. The interlamellar spacing of CTF is effectively expanded following the mechanism of "proton donating-accepting" in which dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) works as a soft oxidant, leading to ultrathin CTF nanosheets with the assistance of ultrasonication. Furthermore, oxygen-containing functional groups are also introduced onto the CTF nanosheets through mild oxidation, improving surface hydrophilicity. The CTF nanosheet can be stacked onto porous substrates by vacuum filtration to form composite membranes with the thickness of the stacked CTF nanosheets down to ∼30 nm. Thus-obtained membranes exhibit impressive dye separation performances with both high water permeance and high rejection. This work provides not only an efficient method to synthesize ultrathin CTF nanosheets but also a process to prepare fast but selective membranes for molecular separations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Congcong Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, P. R. China
| | - Zhe Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, P. R. China
| | - Jiemei Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, P. R. China
| | - Yong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, P. R. China
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Abstract
Conjugated microporous polymers (CMPs) are a unique class of materials that combine extended π-conjugation with a permanently microporous skeleton. Since their discovery in 2007, CMPs have become established as an important subclass of porous materials. A wide range of synthetic building blocks and network-forming reactions offers an enormous variety of CMPs with different properties and structures. This has allowed CMPs to be developed for gas adsorption and separations, chemical adsorption and encapsulation, heterogeneous catalysis, photoredox catalysis, light emittance, sensing, energy storage, biological applications, and solar fuels production. Here we review the progress of CMP research since its beginnings and offer an outlook for where these materials might be headed in the future. We also compare the prospect for CMPs against the growing range of conjugated crystalline covalent organic frameworks (COFs).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Andrew I. Cooper
- Department of Chemistry and
Materials Innovation Factory, University
of Liverpool, 51 Oxford Street, Liverpool L7 3NY, United Kingdom
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30
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Zuo H, Guo Y, Zhao W, Hu K, Wang X, He L, Zhang S. Controlled Fabrication of Silica@Covalent Triazine Polymer Core-Shell Spheres as a Reversed-Phase/Hydrophilic Interaction Mixed-Mode Chromatographic Stationary Phase. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:46149-46156. [PMID: 31702125 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b16438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The unique properties of covalent triazine-based organic framework/polymers, including large surface area, hydrophilic-lipophilic-balanced adsorption, and economical preparation, make it a promising candidate as a stationary phase for high-performance liquid chromatography. However, irregular shapes and wide size distributions of such particles hinder column packing, resulting in a low column efficiency or a high back pressure. Herein, we describe the fabrication of SiO2@ covalent triazine-based organic polymer (CTP) core-shell microspheres with a distinct sphere-coating-sphere appearance using aminosilica as the supporting substrate to grow the CTP shell. By adjusting the amount of reactants, the thickness of the CTP shell, which consists of triazine and 1,3,5-triphenylbenzene monomers, was easily controlled. The developed core-shell microspheres were characterized via scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, solid-state 13C nuclear magnetic resonance analysis, and N2 adsorption experiments. The synergism of the triazine and aromatic moieties on CTP provides the new stationary phase with multiple retention mechanisms, including hydrophobic, π-π, electron donor-acceptor, hydrogen-bonding interactions, and so forth. On the basis of these interactions, successful separation and higher shape selectivity were achieved among several analytes that vary in polarity under both reversed-phase and hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography conditions. Therefore, SiO2@CTP microspheres combine the advantages of good column packing properties of the uniform monodisperse silica microspheres and the recognition performance of CTP, generating flexible selectivity and application prospect for both hydrophilic and hydrophobic analytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiying Zuo
- School of Chemistry, Chemical and Environmental Engineering , Henan University of Technology , Zhengzhou 450001 , Henan , People's Republic of China
| | - Yun Guo
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering , Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou 450001 , People's Republic of China
| | - Wenjie Zhao
- School of Chemistry, Chemical and Environmental Engineering , Henan University of Technology , Zhengzhou 450001 , Henan , People's Republic of China
| | - Kai Hu
- Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Zhengzhou 450008 , People's Republic of China
| | - XiaoYu Wang
- Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC , Zhengzhou 450008 , People's Republic of China
| | - Lijun He
- School of Chemistry, Chemical and Environmental Engineering , Henan University of Technology , Zhengzhou 450001 , Henan , People's Republic of China
| | - Shusheng Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering , Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou 450001 , People's Republic of China
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31
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Shi X, Ma D, Xu F, Zhang Z, Wang Y. Table-salt enabled interface-confined synthesis of covalent organic framework (COF) nanosheets. Chem Sci 2019; 11:989-996. [PMID: 34084353 PMCID: PMC8146026 DOI: 10.1039/c9sc05082e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Two-dimensional covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are gaining tremendous interest for their potential applications in a diversity of fields. However, synthesis of COF nanosheets (CONs) usually suffers from tedious exfoliation processes and low yields. Herein, we present an exfoliation-free and scalable strategy to prepare few-layered CONs based on interface-confined synthesis, in which cheap and recyclable table salt (NaCl) is used as the sacrificial substrate. Salt particles are introduced into the reaction system, creating billions of solid-liquid interfaces. Oligomers formed upon the reaction between monomers are immediately adsorbed on salt surfaces, and the following polymerization leading to crystalline CONs is exclusively confined to salt surfaces. Salts can be easily removed by water washing, producing CONs with the thickness down to a few nanometers and lateral sizes up to hundreds of micrometers depending on the size of salt particles and the concentration of monomers. Four different kinds of CONs, both imine-linked and boron-containing, are synthesized from this generic method. As a demonstration, we prepare highly permeable and selective membranes using resultant CONs as building blocks. Thanks to the defect-free stacking of CONs with thin thicknesses and large lateral sizes on porous substrates, the membranes precisely separate similarly sized dyes while allowing ultrafast water permeation. This interface-confined strategy opens a new platform for the controllable and scalable synthesis of COF nanosheets and is essential for the burgeoning real-world applications of COFs in various fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiansong Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University Nanjing 211816 P. R. China
| | - Dongwei Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University Nanjing 211816 P. R. China
| | - Fang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University Nanjing 211816 P. R. China
| | - Zhe Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University Nanjing 211816 P. R. China
| | - Yong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University Nanjing 211816 P. R. China
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