Significant effects of vibrational excitation of reactant in K + H2 → H + KH reaction based on a new neural network potential energy surface

Current Status of the X + C2H6 [X ≡ H, F(2P), Cl(2P), O(3P), OH] Hydrogen Abstraction Reactions: A Theoretical Review

This paper is a detailed review of the chemistry of medium-size reactive systems using the following hydrogen abstraction reactions with ethane, X + C₂H₆ → HX + C₂H₅; X ≡ H, F(²P), Cl(²P), O(³P) and OH, and focusing attention mainly on the theoretical developments. These bimolecular reactions range from exothermic to endothermic systems and from barrierless to high classical barriers of activation. Thus, the topography of the reactive systems changes from reaction to reaction with the presence or not of stabilized intermediate complexes in the entrance and exit channels. The review begins with some reflections on the inherent problems in the theory/experiment comparison. When one compares kinetics or dynamics theoretical results with experimental measures, one is testing both the potential energy surface describing the nuclei motion and the kinetics or dynamics method used. Discrepancies in the comparison may be due to inaccuracies of the surface, limitations of the kinetics or dynamics methods, and experimental uncertainties that also cannot be ruled out. The paper continues with a detailed review of some bimolecular reactions with ethane, beginning with the reactions with hydrogen atoms. The reactions with halogens present a challenge owing to the presence of stabilized intermediate complexes in the entrance and exit channels and the influence of the spin-orbit states on reactivity. Reactions with O(³P) atoms lead to three surfaces, which is an additional difficulty in the theoretical study. Finally, the reactions with the hydroxyl radical correspond to a reactive system with ten atoms and twenty-four degrees of freedom. Throughout this review, different strategies in the development of analytical potential energy surfaces describing these bimolecular reactions have been critically analyzed, showing their advantages and limitations. These surfaces are fitted to a large number of ab initio calculations, and we found that a huge number of calculations leads to accurate surfaces, but this information does not guarantee that the kinetics and dynamics results match the experimental measurements.

Non-adiabatic dynamics studies of the K(4p2P) + H2(X1Σ) reaction based on new diabatic potential energy surfaces

Global diabatic potential energy surfaces (PESs) of the KH2 system corresponding to the ground (12A') and first excited (22A') states were constructed for the first time. In ab initio calculations, the MRCI-F12 method with AVTZ and def2-QZVP basis sets was adopted and 17 865 ab initio energy points were calculated. The mixing angle, which is used to obtain the diabatic energies, was calculated by the molecular properties of the transition dipole moment. The diabatic PESs were fitted individually by the permutation invariant polynomial neural network method and the topographical features of the diabatic PESs are discussed in detail. The non-adiabatic dynamics studies of the K(4p2P) + H2(v0 = 0, 1, j0 = 0) reaction were carried out using the APH method based on the new diabatic PESs. The collision reaction processes K(4p2P) + H2(v0 = 0, 1, j0 = 0) → H + KH and the quenching processes K(4p2P) + H2(v0 = 0, 1, j0 = 0) → K(4s2S) + H2 were studied at the state-to-state level of theory. For the reaction process, the dynamics results indicated that the vibrational excitation of H2 was significantly more effective at promoting the reaction than the translational energy. In addition, the differential cross-sections were forward-biased scattering, which indicated that the direct abstraction mechanism plays a dominant role in the reaction. For the quenching process, the vibrational excitation of H2 molecules could improve the quenching efficiency obviously.