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Chen Z, Wang X, Jia M, He X, Pan H, Chen J. Ribose and Deoxyribose Group Alter Excited-State Dynamics of 5-Azacytosine in Solution. Photochem Photobiol 2024; 100:291-297. [PMID: 35993879 DOI: 10.1111/php.13696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
5-Azacytosine (5-AC) is one of the best interesting noncanonical nucleobases due to its functionalization and structural imitation of natural bases. 5-AC can be used as the scaffold of two important chemotherapeutic medicines, 5-azacytidine and 2'-deoxy-5-azacytidine. Furthermore, increased sensitivity to UV leads to the photochemical effects of 5-AC also attracted attention. Yet, no study has been reported to explore the effect of glycosyl groups on the photophysical and photochemical properties of 5-AC, which can help to reveal the photostability of related actual clinic drugs. In this study, the excited-state dynamics of 5-azacytidine and 2'-deoxy-5-azacytidine are studied by femtosecond transient absorption and quantum-chemical calculations while revisiting that of 5-AC with a wider probe spectral range. It is shown that glycosyl substitution on the N1 position leads to ultrafast excited-state relaxation within several picoseconds in both nucleosides, which is distinct compared with the 17 ps lifetime seen in 5-AC. It is proposed that these changes are due to altering the energy level of the dark nπ* state. Moreover, our results suggest that it should be cautioned to simply replace sugar groups with methyl groups when doing a theoretical calculation study on nucleobases and their derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziwei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xueli Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Menghui Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoxiao He
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Haifeng Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinquan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
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Lietard A, Piani G, Pollet R, Soep B, Mestdagh JM, Poisson L. Excited state dynamics of normal dithienylethene molecules either isolated or deposited on an argon cluster. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:10588-10598. [PMID: 35446319 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp05729d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Real-time dynamics of the electronically excited open-ring isomer of 1,2-bis(2-methylbenzo[b]thiophen-3-yl)perfluorocyclopentene (BTF6) and 1,2-bis(2,4-dimethyl-5-phenyl-3-thienyl)perfluorocyclopentene (PTF6) molecules was investigated using a set-up that associates a molecular beam, femtosecond lasers and velocity map imaging. The molecules were either free in the gas phase or bound to an argon cluster. DFT and TDDFT calculations were performed on BTF6. The calculated vertical excitation energies indicate an excitation by the pump laser towards a superposition of S5 and S6 states. The free molecule dynamics was found to follow a three wavepacket model. One describes the parallel conformer (P) of these molecules. It is unreactive with respect to the ring closure reaction which is responsible for the photochromic property of these molecules. It has no observable decay at the experiment time scale (up to 350 ps). The other two wavepackets describe the reactive antiparallel conformer (AP). They are formed by an early splitting of the wavepacket that was launched initially by the pump laser. They can be considered as generated by excitation of different, essentially uncoupled, deformation modes. They subsequently evolve along independent pathways. One is directed ballistically towards a conical intersection (CI) and decays through the CI to a potential energy surface where it can no longer be detected. The other fraction of the wavepacket decays also towards undetected states but in this case the driving mechanism is a non-adiabatic electronic relaxation within a potential well of the energy surfaces where it was launched. When BTF6 and PTF6 molecules are bound to an argon cluster, the same three wavepacket model applies. The vibronic relaxation timespan is enhanced by a factor 5 and a larger fraction of AP conformers follows this pathway. In contrast, the time constant associated with the ballistic movement is enhanced by only a factor of 2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aude Lietard
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, LIDYL, 91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
| | - Giovanni Piani
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, LIDYL, 91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
| | - Rodolphe Pollet
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, NIMBE, 91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Benoît Soep
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, LIDYL, 91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France. .,Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut des Sciences Moléculaires d'Orsay, 91405, Orsay, France
| | | | - Lionel Poisson
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, LIDYL, 91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France. .,Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut des Sciences Moléculaires d'Orsay, 91405, Orsay, France
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"On-The-Fly" Non-Adiabatic Dynamics Simulations on Photoinduced Ring-Closing Reaction of a Nucleoside-Based Diarylethene Photoswitch. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26092724. [PMID: 34066431 PMCID: PMC8125013 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26092724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2021] [Revised: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Nucleoside-based diarylethenes are emerging as an especial class of photochromic compounds that have potential applications in regulating biological systems using noninvasive light with high spatio-temporal resolution. However, relevant microscopic photochromic mechanisms at atomic level of these novel diarylethenes remain to be explored. Herein, we have employed static electronic structure calculations (MS-CASPT2//M06-2X, MS-CASPT2//SA-CASSCF) in combination with non-adiabatic dynamics simulations to explore the related photoinduced ring-closing reaction of a typical nucleoside-based diarylethene photoswitch, namely, PS-IV. Upon excitation with UV light, the open form PS-IV can be excited to a spectroscopically bright S1 state. After that, the molecule relaxes to the conical intersection region within 150 fs according to the barrierless relaxed scan of the C1–C6 bond, which is followed by an immediate deactivation to the ground state. The conical intersection structure is very similar to the ground state transition state structure which connects the open and closed forms of PS-IV, and therefore plays a crucial role in the photochromism of PS-IV. Besides, after analyzing the hopping structures, we conclude that the ring closing reaction cannot complete in the S1 state alone since all the C1–C6 distances of the hopping structures are larger than 2.00 Å. Once hopping to the ground state, the molecules either return to the original open form of PS-IV or produce the closed form of PS-IV within 100 fs, and the ring closing quantum yield is estimated to be 56%. Our present work not only elucidates the ultrafast photoinduced pericyclic reaction of the nucleoside-based diarylethene PS-IV, but can also be helpful for the future design of novel nucleoside-based diarylethenes with better performance.
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Ghosh S, Hossain MS, Chatterjee S, Rahaman SA, Bandyopadhyay S. Light-Gated Modulation of Electronic Mobility of a Dihydropyrene-Based Photochromic Coordination Polymer. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:52983-52991. [PMID: 33185437 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c17513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Photo-induced modulation of electronic conductance has been achieved by employing an AgI-based two-dimensional coordination polymer (CP) having pyridine-functionalized photochromic dimethyldihydropyrene-cyclophanediene (DHP-CPD) π-switch. Both the coordination polymer and the organic photochromic core were characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction studies. The coordination polymer displayed an excellent conductance in the ON state of the switch in the closed form of DHP. Upon exposure to visible light, the π-switch in the CPD form loses its planarity, turning the switch OFF, which is reflected in the drastic reduction of the conductance. Exposure to UV light turns the switch back ON wherein the high electronic conductance of the polymer can be restored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjib Ghosh
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Kolkata, Mohanpur, Nadia 741246, India
| | - Munshi Sahid Hossain
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Kolkata, Mohanpur, Nadia 741246, India
| | - Sheelbhadra Chatterjee
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Kolkata, Mohanpur, Nadia 741246, India
| | - Sk Atiur Rahaman
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Kolkata, Mohanpur, Nadia 741246, India
| | - Subhajit Bandyopadhyay
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Kolkata, Mohanpur, Nadia 741246, India
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Sarter C, Dey S, Jäschke A. Photoswitchable Oligonucleotides Containing Different Diarylethene-Modified Nucleotides. ACS OMEGA 2019; 4:12125-12129. [PMID: 31460326 PMCID: PMC6682051 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b01070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 06/18/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Diarylethenes are a well-studied class of photoswitches and have often been linked to partner molecules to render them photoresponsive. Earlier, our lab developed a new type of diarylethenes in which the purine or pyrimidine base of a nucleoside or oligonucleotide serves as one of the two aryl residues of the photochromic system. Here, we report the synthesis of three different diarylethene-deoxyuridine phosphoramidites and their site-specific incorporation into oligodeoxynucleotides by solid-phase synthesis. Various DNA sequences carrying single or multiple, identical or different photoswitchable moieties are synthesized with high yield and purity. Upon UV irradiation, these DNA strands form a colored closed-ring isomer. The combination of different diarylethenes within one strand leads to an additive absorption spectrum. The photochromic DNA oligonucleotides are thermostable and photoreversible.
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Schweigert C, Babii O, Afonin S, Schober T, Leier J, Michenfelder NC, Komarov IV, Ulrich AS, Unterreiner AN. Real‐Time Observation of Diarylethene‐Based Photoswitches in a Cyclic Peptide Environment. CHEMPHOTOCHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/cptc.201900005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Schweigert
- Institute of Physical ChemistryKarlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Fritz-Haber-Weg 2 76131 Karlsruhe (Germany
| | - Oleg Babii
- Institute of Biological Interfaces (IBG-2)Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) POB 3640 76021 Karlsruhe Germany
| | - Sergii Afonin
- Institute of Biological Interfaces (IBG-2)Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) POB 3640 76021 Karlsruhe Germany
| | - Tim Schober
- Institute of Organic ChemistryKarlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Fritz-Haber-Weg 6 76131 Karlsruhe Germany
| | - Julia Leier
- Institute of Physical ChemistryKarlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Fritz-Haber-Weg 2 76131 Karlsruhe (Germany
| | - Nadine C. Michenfelder
- Institute of Physical ChemistryKarlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Fritz-Haber-Weg 2 76131 Karlsruhe (Germany
| | - Igor V. Komarov
- Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv vul. Volodymyrska 60 01601 Kyiv Ukraine
- Lumobiotics GmbH Auer Str. 2 76227 Karlsruhe Germany
| | - Anne S. Ulrich
- Institute of Biological Interfaces (IBG-2)Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) POB 3640 76021 Karlsruhe Germany
- Institute of Organic ChemistryKarlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Fritz-Haber-Weg 6 76131 Karlsruhe Germany
| | - Andreas Neil Unterreiner
- Institute of Physical ChemistryKarlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Fritz-Haber-Weg 2 76131 Karlsruhe (Germany
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Seo K, Eom I, Shim S, Kim CH, Joo T. Ring Closure Reaction Pathway of a Diarylethene in Solution Using Femtosecond Time‐resolved Fluorescence Spectra. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/bkcs.11689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kiho Seo
- Department of ChemistryPohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH) Pohang 37673 South Korea
| | - Intae Eom
- Pohang Accelerator Laboratory Pohang 37673 South Korea
| | - Sangdeok Shim
- Department of ChemistrySunchon National University Sunchon 57922 South Korea
| | - Chul Hoon Kim
- Department of Advanced Materials ChemistryKorea University Sejong 30019 South Korea
| | - Taiha Joo
- Department of ChemistryPohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH) Pohang 37673 South Korea
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