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Chen Z, Song G, Qi L, Gunasekar R, Aïssa C, Robertson C, Steiner A, Xue D, Xiao J. Reductive Transamination of Pyridinium Salts to N-Aryl Piperidines. J Org Chem 2024; 89:9352-9359. [PMID: 38872240 PMCID: PMC11232014 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.4c00493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
Saturated N-heterocycles are found in numerous bioactive natural products and are prevalent in pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals. While there are many methods for their synthesis, each has its limitations, such as scope and functional group tolerance. Herein, we describe a rhodium-catalyzed transfer hydrogenation of pyridinium salts to access N-(hetero)aryl piperidines. The reaction proceeds via a reductive transamination process, involving the initial formation of a dihydropyridine intermediate via reduction of the pyridinium ion with HCOOH, which is intercepted by water and then hydrolyzed. Subsequent reductive amination with an exogenous (hetero)aryl amine affords an N-(hetero)aryl piperidine. This reductive transamination method thus allows for access of N-(hetero)aryl piperidines from readily available pyridine derivatives, expanding the toolbox of dearomatization and skeletal editing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenyu Chen
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZD, U.K.
| | - Geyang Song
- Key
Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education
and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710119, China
| | - Leiming Qi
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZD, U.K.
| | | | - Christophe Aïssa
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZD, U.K.
| | - Craig Robertson
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZD, U.K.
| | - Alexander Steiner
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZD, U.K.
| | - Dong Xue
- Key
Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education
and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710119, China
| | - Jianliang Xiao
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZD, U.K.
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2
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Ma R, Gu Y, Wang YE, Fei R, Xiong D, Mao J. One-Pot Synthesis of Indolin-3-ones Mediated by LiN(SiMe 3) 2/CsF. Org Lett 2024; 26:5082-5086. [PMID: 38848449 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.4c01265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2024]
Abstract
Indolin-3-ones are essential heterocycles with wide-ranging biological activities and medicinal values, and therefore, efficient approaches to their synthesis remain in demand. Herein, a novel and operationally simple method to generate indolin-3-ones is reported by using a tandem reaction of N-methylbenzylamines and methyl 2-fluorobenzoates mediated by the LiN(SiMe3)2 and CsF system (34 examples, 30-85% yields). The synthesis of C2-quaternary indolin-3-one further demonstrated the potential practicability of these tandem reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruyuan Ma
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, P. R. China
| | - Yuanyun Gu
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, P. R. China
| | - Yan-En Wang
- College of Science, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, P. R. China
| | - Rongbi Fei
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, P. R. China
| | - Dan Xiong
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, P. R. China
| | - Jianyou Mao
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, P. R. China
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3
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Akana-Schneider BD, Weix DJ. Reductive Arylation of Nitroarenes with Chloroarenes: Reducing Conditions Enable New Reactivity from Palladium Catalysts. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:16150-16159. [PMID: 37437188 PMCID: PMC10529700 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c04647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
Palladium-catalyzed C-N bond forming reactions are a key tool in modern synthetic organic chemistry. Despite advances in catalyst design enabling the use of a variety of aryl (pseudo)halides, the necessary aniline coupling partner is often synthesized in a discrete reduction step from a nitroarene. An ideal synthetic sequence would avoid the necessity of this step while maintaining the reliable reactivity of palladium catalysis. Herein, we describe how reducing conditions enable new chemical steps and reactivity from well-studied palladium catalysts, resulting in a new, useful transformation: the reductive arylation of nitroarenes with chloroarenes to form diarylamines. Mechanistic experiments suggest that under reducing conditions, BrettPhos-palladium complexes catalyze the dual N-arylation of typically inert azoarenes─generated via the in situ reduction of nitroarenes─via two distinct mechanisms. Initial N-arylation proceeds via a novel association-reductive palladation sequence followed by reductive elimination to yield an intermediate 1,1,2-triarylhydrazine. Arylation of this intermediate by the same catalyst via a traditional amine arylation sequence forms a transient tetraarylhydrazine, unlocking reductive N-N bond cleavage to liberate the desired product. The resulting reaction allows for the synthesis of diarylamines bearing a variety of synthetically valuable functionalities and heteroaryl cores in high yield.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Daniel J. Weix
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, United States
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4
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Sun L, Feng R, Zhen YQ, Hou ZR, Li X, Shan LH, Gao F. Exploration of anti-tumor activity of erlotinib derivatives enabled by a Pd-catalyzed late-stage Sonogashira reaction. Tetrahedron 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2022.133237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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5
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Liang SW, Guo Y, Lee WC, Zeng PR, Lin TH, Xie PZ, Kang HH, Lu IC, Chang YC. Reactivity‐Tunable Palladium Precatalysts with Favorable Catalytic Properties in Suzuki–Miyaura Cross‐Coupling Reactions. ChemCatChem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.202200736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Siou-Wei Liang
- Providence University Department of Applied Chemistry TAIWAN
| | - Yingjie Guo
- Providence University Department of Cosmetic Science TAIWAN
| | - Wan-Ching Lee
- National Chung Hsing University Department of Chemistry TAIWAN
| | - Pin-Rui Zeng
- National Chung Hsing University Department of Chemistry TAIWAN
| | - Tzu-Hao Lin
- Providence University Department of Applied Chemistry TAIWAN
| | - Pei-Zhen Xie
- Providence University Department of Applied Chemistry TAIWAN
| | - Hsuan-Hao Kang
- Providence University Department of Applied Chemistry TAIWAN
| | - I-Chung Lu
- National Chung Hsing University Department of Chemistry TAIWAN
| | - Yu-Chang Chang
- Providence University Department of Applied Chemistry 200, Sec. 7, Taiwan Boulevard, Shalu Dist. 43301 Taichung TAIWAN
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6
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Liu Y, Voloshkin VA, Scattolin T, Peng M, Van Hecke K, Cazin CSJ, Nolan SP. Versatile and highly efficient trans‐[Pd(NHC)Cl2(DMS/THT)] precatalysts for C‐C and C‐N coupling reactions in green solvents. European J Org Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202200309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yaxu Liu
- Universiteit Gent Chemistry BELGIUM
| | | | | | - Min Peng
- Universiteit Gent Chemistry BELGIUM
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Zheng DZ, Xiong HG, Song AX, Yao HG, Xu C. Buchwald-Hartwig Amination of Aryl Esters and Chlorides catalyzed by Dianisole-decorated Pd-NHC complex. Org Biomol Chem 2022; 20:2096-2101. [DOI: 10.1039/d1ob02051j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A modular and generic method for the Buchwald-Hartwig amination reactions of relatively unreactive aryl esters as acyl electrophiles and aryl chlorides as aryl electrophiles is developed, delivering efficient synthesis of...
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8
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Beletskaya IP, Averin AD. Metal-catalyzed reactions for the C(sp2)–N bond formation: achievements of recent years. RUSSIAN CHEMICAL REVIEWS 2021. [DOI: 10.1070/rcr4999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The review deals with the main catalytic methods for the C(sp2)–N bond formation, including Buchwald–Hartwig palladium-catalyzed amination of aryl and heteroaryl halides, renaissance of the Ullmann chemistry, i.e., the application of catalysis by copper complexes to form the carbon–nitrogen bond, and Chan–Lam reactions of (hetero)arylboronic acids with amines. Also, oxidative amination with C–H activation, which has been booming during the last decade, is addressed. Particular attention is paid to achievements in the application of heterogenized catalysts.
The bibliography includes 350 references.
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Abi Fayssal S, Naret T, Huc V, Buendia J, Martini C, Schulz E. Benzyloxycalix[8]arene supported Pd–NHC cinnamyl complexes for Buchwald–Hartwig C–N cross-couplings. Catal Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1cy00669j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of a Pd–NHC cinnamyl-complex supported on a calix[8]arene and its use in Buchwald–Hartwig amination is reported. Thanks to the support, the products were isolated with low levels of residual palladium, in some cases below standards.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Abi Fayssal
- Université Paris-Saclay
- CNRS
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d'Orsay
- 91405 Orsay
- France
| | - Timothée Naret
- Université Paris-Saclay
- CNRS
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d'Orsay
- 91405 Orsay
- France
| | - Vincent Huc
- Université Paris-Saclay
- CNRS
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d'Orsay
- 91405 Orsay
- France
| | | | | | - Emmanuelle Schulz
- Université Paris-Saclay
- CNRS
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d'Orsay
- 91405 Orsay
- France
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10
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Reddy MVK, Anusha G, Reddy PVG. Sterically enriched bulky 1,3-bis(N,N′-aralkyl)benzimidazolium based Pd-PEPPSI complexes for Buchwald–Hartwig amination reactions. NEW J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0nj01294g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
A simple and efficient synthesis of a series of unexisting Pd-PEPPSI complexes is summarized. These complexes are exploited for their high catalytic activity towards Buchwald–Hartwig amination.
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Zhang Y, Takale BS, Gallou F, Reilly J, Lipshutz BH. Sustainable ppm level palladium-catalyzed aminations in nanoreactors under mild, aqueous conditions. Chem Sci 2019; 10:10556-10561. [PMID: 32110341 PMCID: PMC7020654 DOI: 10.1039/c9sc03710a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2019] [Accepted: 09/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
A 1 : 1 Pd : ligand complex, [t-BuXPhos(Pd-π-cinnamyl)]OTf, has been identified as a highly robust pre-catalyst for amination reactions leading to diarylamines, where loadings of metal are typically at 1000 ppm Pd, run in water at temperatures between rt and 45 °C. The protocol is exceptionally simple, is readily scaled, and compares very favorably vs. traditional amination conditions. It has also been shown to successfully lead to key intermediates associated with several physiologically active compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yitao Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of California Santa Barbara , Santa Barbara , CA 93106 , USA .
| | - Balaram S Takale
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of California Santa Barbara , Santa Barbara , CA 93106 , USA .
| | | | - John Reilly
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research (NIBR) , Cambridge , MA , USA
| | - Bruce H Lipshutz
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of California Santa Barbara , Santa Barbara , CA 93106 , USA .
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth Dorel
- Stratingh Institute for ChemistryZernike Institute for Advanced MaterialsUniversity of Groningen Nijenborgh 4 9747 AG Groningen The Netherlands
| | - Christian P. Grugel
- Institut für Organische ChemieAlbert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg Albertstr. 21 79104 Freiburg Germany
| | - Alexander M. Haydl
- Department for Intermediates—Amine SynthesisBASF SE Carl-Bosch-Str. 38 67056 Ludwigshafen am Rhein Germany
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13
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Dorel R, Grugel CP, Haydl AM. The Buchwald-Hartwig Amination After 25 Years. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:17118-17129. [PMID: 31166642 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201904795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 296] [Impact Index Per Article: 59.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
The Pd-catalyzed coupling of aryl (pseudo)halides and amines is one of the most powerful approaches for the formation of C(sp2 )-N bonds. The pioneering reports from Migita and subsequently Buchwald and Hartwig on the coupling of aminostannanes and aryl bromides rapidly evolved into general and practical tin-free protocols with broad substrate scope, which led to the establishment of what is now known as the Buchwald-Hartwig amination. This Minireview summarizes the evolution of this cross-coupling reaction over the course of the past 25 years and illustrates some of the most recent applications of this well-established methodology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth Dorel
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Christian P Grugel
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Albertstr. 21, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Alexander M Haydl
- Department for Intermediates-Amine Synthesis, BASF SE, Carl-Bosch-Str. 38, 67056, Ludwigshafen am Rhein, Germany
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Najari S, Jafarzadeh M, Bahrami K. Copper(II) Oxide Nanoparticles Impregnated on Melamine‐Modified UiO‐66‐NH
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Metal–Organic Framework for C–N Cross‐Coupling Reaction and Synthesis of 2‐Substituted Benzimidazoles. J Heterocycl Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.3675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Susan Najari
- Faculty of ChemistryRazi University Kermanshah 67149‐67346 Iran
| | | | - Kiumars Bahrami
- Faculty of ChemistryRazi University Kermanshah 67149‐67346 Iran
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