1
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Ren J, He T, Lu H, Wang H, Shao T, Wang Z, Zhang Y, Gull S, Chi Y, Zhong YW, Chen Y, Long G. Tuning the circularly polarized phosphorescence of platinum(II) complexes through a chiral cation strategy. MATERIALS HORIZONS 2024. [PMID: 39315763 DOI: 10.1039/d4mh01105h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/25/2024]
Abstract
Circularly polarized phosphorescent (CPP) materials, especially chiral platinum(II) complexes, which combine the advantages of both circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) and phosphorescence, show broad potential applications in chiral optoelectronic devices. Developing CPP emitters with both excellent chiroptical properties and high yield is urgently needed. Here, a chiral cation strategy is employed to construct the CPP Pt(II) complexes R/S-ABA·[Pt(ppy)Cl2] and R/S-MBA·[Pt(ppy)Cl2] through a simple one-step reaction with almost 100% yield. The circular dichroism and CPL spectra confirm that the chirality was successfully transferred to the [Pt(ppy)Cl2]- anion. The luminescence asymmetry factors (glum) are +1.4/-1.8 × 10-3 for R/S-ABA·[Pt(ppy)Cl2] and +4.4/-2.8 × 10-3 for R/S-MBA·[Pt(ppy)Cl2]. The stronger chiroptical property of R/S-MBA·[Pt(ppy)Cl2] is attributed to the enhanced chiral structural deformation and better matched electric and magnetic transition dipole moments. This chiral cation strategy is confirmed to efficiently construct CPP Pt(II) complexes, which will accelerate the development of CPP emitters towards commercialization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajia Ren
- Tianjin Key Lab for Rare Earth Materials and Applications, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), Smart Sensing Interdisciplinary Science Center, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China.
| | - Tengfei He
- Tianjin Key Lab for Rare Earth Materials and Applications, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), Smart Sensing Interdisciplinary Science Center, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China.
- The Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology and State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Haolin Lu
- Tianjin Key Lab for Rare Earth Materials and Applications, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), Smart Sensing Interdisciplinary Science Center, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China.
| | - Hebin Wang
- Tianjin Key Lab for Rare Earth Materials and Applications, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), Smart Sensing Interdisciplinary Science Center, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China.
| | - Tianyin Shao
- Tianjin Key Lab for Rare Earth Materials and Applications, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), Smart Sensing Interdisciplinary Science Center, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China.
| | - Zhaoyu Wang
- Tianjin Key Lab for Rare Earth Materials and Applications, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), Smart Sensing Interdisciplinary Science Center, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China.
| | - Yunxin Zhang
- Tianjin Key Lab for Rare Earth Materials and Applications, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), Smart Sensing Interdisciplinary Science Center, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China.
| | - Sehrish Gull
- Tianjin Key Lab for Rare Earth Materials and Applications, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), Smart Sensing Interdisciplinary Science Center, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China.
| | - Yun Chi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Department of Chemistry, Center of Super-Diamond and Advanced Films (COSDAF), City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Yu-Wu Zhong
- CAS Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Yongsheng Chen
- The Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology and State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Guankui Long
- Tianjin Key Lab for Rare Earth Materials and Applications, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), Smart Sensing Interdisciplinary Science Center, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China.
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2
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Yang SY, Chen Y, Kwok RTK, Lam JWY, Tang BZ. Platinum complexes with aggregation-induced emission. Chem Soc Rev 2024; 53:5366-5393. [PMID: 38712843 DOI: 10.1039/d4cs00218k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
Transition metal-containing materials with aggregation-induced emission (AIE) have brought new opportunities for the development of biological probes, optoelectronic materials, stimuli-responsive materials, sensors, and detectors. Coordination compounds containing the platinum metal have emerged as a promising option for constructing effective AIE platinum complexes. In this review, we classified AIE platinum complexes based on the number of ligands. We focused on the development and performance of AIE platinum complexes with different numbers of ligands and discussed the impact of platinum ion coordination and ligand structure variation on the optoelectronic properties. Furthermore, this review analyzes and summarizes the influence of molecular geometries, stacking models, and aggregation environments on the optoelectronic performance of these complexes. We provided a comprehensive overview of the AIE mechanisms exhibited by various AIE platinum complexes. Based on the unique properties of AIE platinum complexes with different numbers of ligands, we systematically summarized their applications in electronics, biological fields, etc. Finally, we illustrated the challenges and opportunities for future research on AIE platinum complexes, aiming at giving a comprehensive summary and outlook on the latest developments of functional AIE platinum complexes and also encouraging more researchers to contribute to this promising field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Yi Yang
- Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Division of Life Science, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, and Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China.
| | - Yingying Chen
- Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Division of Life Science, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, and Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China.
| | - Ryan T K Kwok
- Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Division of Life Science, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, and Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China.
| | - Jacky W Y Lam
- Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Division of Life Science, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, and Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China.
| | - Ben Zhong Tang
- Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Division of Life Science, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, and Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China.
- School of Science and Engineering, Shenzhen Institute of Aggregate Science and Technology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen (CUHK-Shenzhen), Guangdong 518172, China.
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3
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Pu L. Regioselective Substitution of BINOL. Chem Rev 2024; 124:6643-6689. [PMID: 38723152 PMCID: PMC11117191 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.4c00132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024]
Abstract
1,1'-Bi-2-naphthol (BINOL) has been extensively used as the chirality source in the fields of molecular recognition, asymmetric synthesis, and materials science. The direct electrophilic substitution at the aromatic rings of the optically active BINOL has been developed as one of the most convenient strategies to structurally modify BINOL for diverse applications. High regioselectivity has been achieved for the reaction of BINOL with electrophiles. Depending upon the reaction conditions and substitution patterns, various functional groups can be introduced to the specific positions, such as the 6-, 5-, 4-, and 3-positions, of BINOL. Ortho-lithiation at the 3-position directed by the functional groups at the 2-position of BINOL have been extensively used to prepare the 3- and 3,3'-substituted BINOLs. The use of transition metal-catalyzed C-H activation has also been explored to functionalize BINOL at the 3-, 4-, 5-, 6-, and 7-positions. These regioselective substitutions of BINOL have allowed the construction of tremendous amount of BINOL derivatives with fascinating structures and properties as reviewed in this article. Examples for the applications of the optically active BINOLs with varying substitutions in asymmetric catalysis, molecular recognition, chiral sensing and materials are also provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Pu
- Department of Chemistry, University
of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, United States
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4
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Park G, Jeong DY, Yu SY, Park JJ, Kim JH, Yang H, You Y. Enhancing Circularly Polarized Phosphorescence via Integrated Top-Down and Bottom-Up Approach. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202309762. [PMID: 37606233 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202309762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
In the dynamic domain of chiroptical technologies, it is imperative to engineer emitters endowed with circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) properties. This research demonstrates an advancement by employing a combined top-down and bottom-up strategy for the simultaneous amplification of photoluminescence quantum yield (Φ) and the luminescence dissymmetry factor (glum ). Square-planar Pt(II) complexes form helical assemblies, driven by torsional strain induced by bis(nonyl) chains. Integration of chiral anions leads these assemblies to prefer distinct helical sense. This arrangement activates the metal-metal-to-ligand charge transfer (MMLCT) transition that is CPL-active, with Φ and |glum | observing an upswing contingent on the charge number and aryl substituents in chiral anions. Utilizing the soft-lithographic micromolding in capillaries technique, we could fabricate exquisitely-ordered, one-dimensional co-assemblies to achieve the metrics to Φ of 0.32 and |glum | of 0.13. Finally, our spectroscopic research elucidates the underlying mechanism for the dual amplification, making a significant stride in the advancement of CPL-active emitters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gyurim Park
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Yeon Jeong
- Division of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Yeon Yu
- Division of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Jin Park
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon, 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong H Kim
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon, 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Hoichang Yang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Inha University, Incheon, 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngmin You
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
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5
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Yun W, Qu L, Zhang B, Yang Q, Song J, Zhou X, Xiang H. "Point-Line-Plane-Helix" Binuclear Platinum(II) Complexes: Metal-Induced Chirality, Chirality Self-Sorting, and Chiroptical Properties. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:14152-14157. [PMID: 37552507 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c02101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
Chirality is a fundamental property of nature, and thus, building novel chiral molecules plays a crucial role in multidisciplinary fields. Herein, we have developed a straightforward approach to effectively incorporate all four types of point, axial, planar, and helical chiralities into a single molecule for the first time. The resultant "point-line-plane-helix" binuclear Pt(II) complexes exhibit multiple chiralities, including not only point and axial chiralities from the bridging ligands but also planar and helical chiralities from metal coordination. The intramolecular π-π and Pt-Pt interactions will restrict intramolecular rotations, thereby stabilizing the metal-induced planar and helical chiralities. Furthermore, enantiopure (R,R,R,Rp,M) or (S,S,S,Sp,P) molecules could be obtained by chirality self-sorting without the use of chiral high-performance liquid chromatography. Their single-crystal, circular dichroism, and circularly polarized luminescence properties are comprehensively investigated, providing unequivocal insights into the design of multiple-chirality materials for related applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiyi Yun
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, People's Republic of China
| | - Lang Qu
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, People's Republic of China
| | - Bao Zhang
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingping Yang
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, People's Republic of China
| | - Jintong Song
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangge Zhou
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, People's Republic of China
| | - Haifeng Xiang
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, People's Republic of China
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6
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Ikeshita M, Hara N, Imai Y, Naota T. Chiroptical Response Control of Planar and Axially Chiral Polymethylene-Vaulted Platinum(II) Complexes Bearing 1,1'-Binaphthyl Frameworks. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:13964-13976. [PMID: 37581577 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c01935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the synthesis, structure, and chiroptical response control of planar chiral polymethylene-vaulted trans-bis[(β-iminomethyl)aryloxy]platinum(II) complexes bearing axially chiral 1,1'-binaphthyl ligands are described. A series of enantiopure polymethylene (n = 4-10)-vaulted complexes were prepared in 6 steps using commercially available (R)- or (S)-BINOL as the starting material without an optical resolution process. The trans-coordination and three-dimensional vaulted structures of the platinum complexes were elucidated from X-ray diffraction (XRD) studies. The complexes were found to show structural dependence of chiroptical responses in the dilute solution state such that the absolute values of [α]D, dissymmetry factors gabs in circular dichroism (CD), and glum in circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) increased upon shortening the length of the polymethylene bridges. The enhanced chiroptical responses were theoretically investigated using density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent DFT (TD-DFT) calculations, and the results are discussed in terms of the molecular structures and transition dipole moments of the ground states. The structural dependence of the chiroptical responses was ascribed to the distortion of the coordination platforms caused by restriction of the vaulting methylene linkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahiro Ikeshita
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
- Department of Applied Molecular Chemistry, College of Industrial Technology, Nihon University, Narashino, Chiba 275-8575, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Hara
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kindai University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-Osaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan
| | - Yoshitane Imai
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kindai University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-Osaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan
| | - Takeshi Naota
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
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7
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Tauchi D, Koida T, Nojima Y, Hasegawa M, Mazaki Y, Inagaki A, Sugiura KI, Nagaya Y, Tsubaki K, Shiga T, Nagata Y, Nishikawa H. Aggregation-induced circularly polarized phosphorescence of Pt(II) complexes with an axially chiral BINOL ligand. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:4004-4007. [PMID: 36917013 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc06198h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/11/2023]
Abstract
A pair of chiral Pt(II) complexes coordinated by simple BINOL and bipyridine ligands displaying aggregation-induced phosphorescence and circularly polarized luminescence were characterized by X-ray crystallography and absorption and emission spectroscopies. The emission of the powder sample was reddish whereas the thin film dispersed in PMMA (fPf = 1 wt%) exhibited a white emission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daiki Tauchi
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Ibaraki University, 2-1-1 Bunkyo, Mito, Ibaraki 310-8512, Japan.
| | - Taiki Koida
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Ibaraki University, 2-1-1 Bunkyo, Mito, Ibaraki 310-8512, Japan.
| | - Yuki Nojima
- Graduate School of Science, Kitasato University, Kanagawa 252-0373, Japan
| | - Masahi Hasegawa
- Graduate School of Science, Kitasato University, Kanagawa 252-0373, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Mazaki
- Graduate School of Science, Kitasato University, Kanagawa 252-0373, Japan
| | - Akiko Inagaki
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Seikei University, Tokyo, 180-8633, Japan
| | - Ken-Ichi Sugiura
- Graduate School of Science, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Tokyo, 192-0397, Japan
| | - Yuki Nagaya
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Science, Kyoto Prefectural University, Kyoto 606-8522, Japan
| | - Kazunori Tsubaki
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Science, Kyoto Prefectural University, Kyoto 606-8522, Japan
| | - Takuya Shiga
- Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8577, Japan
| | - Yuuya Nagata
- Institute for Chemical Reaction Design and Discovery (WPI-ICReDD), Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 001-0021, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Nishikawa
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Ibaraki University, 2-1-1 Bunkyo, Mito, Ibaraki 310-8512, Japan.
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8
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Fumoto T, Tanaka R, Ooyama Y. Aggregation-induced emission of a bis(imino)acenaphthene zinc complex with tetraphenylethene units. Dalton Trans 2023; 52:5047-5055. [PMID: 36807366 DOI: 10.1039/d2dt03525a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
Using bis(imino)acenaphthene (BIAN) zinc(II) and palladium(II) complexes with tetraphenylethene (TPE) units as bulky aryl groups, Zn-2 and Pd-2 have been designed and developed, and their photophysical properties in solution and in the solid state have been investigated. Both in solution and in the solid state Zn-2 and Pd-2 show two photoabsorption bands in the ranges of 300 nm to 350 nm and 450 nm to 600 nm, which are assigned to the π-π* transition originating from both the TPE units and naphthalene units and the intraligand charge transfer (ILCT) between the TPE units and the BIAN unit, respectively. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations demonstrated that for Zn-2 the highest occupied molecular orbitals (HOMO) are localized on the TPE units, while the lowest unoccupied molecular orbitals (LUMO) are localized on the BIAN unit, leading to the appearance of a photoabsorption band on the ILCT. The emission from Zn-2 was quenched in solution, but appeared as phosphorescence at around 600 nm by photoexcitation at the ILCT band in the solid state as well as in the aggregated state, which was formed by the addition of n-hexane as a poor solvent to the dichloromethane (DCM) solution. The aggregate formation of Zn-2 in the DCM/n-hexane (10 wt%/90 wt%) solution was confirmed by the Tyndall scattering and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) measurements, demonstrating the aggregation-induced emission (AIE) characteristics of Zn-2. On the other hand, Pd-2 was non-emissive in the solid state and in the aggregated state as well as in solution. Moreover, the DCM-inclusion complexes of Zn-2 and Pd-2 were obtained and their photophysical properties were investigated. It was found that the photoluminescence quantum yield (ΦPL-solid) values of Zn-2 and Zn-2-DCM in the solid state are less than 1%. Single-crystal X-ray structural analysis of Zn-2-DCM revealed the absence of intermolecular π-π interactions. Consequently, it was suggested that the low ΦPL-solid value of Zn-2 is mainly due to the radiationless relaxation of the excitons by dynamic rotation of the phenyl groups of the TPE units, even in the solid state and in the aggregation state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuma Fumoto
- Applied Chemistry Program, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-4-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8527, Japan.
| | - Ryo Tanaka
- Applied Chemistry Program, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-4-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8527, Japan.
| | - Yousuke Ooyama
- Applied Chemistry Program, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-4-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8527, Japan.
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9
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Maeda T, Mori T, Ikeshita M, Ma SC, Muller G, Ariga K, Naota T. Vortex Flow-controlled Circularly Polarized Luminescence of Achiral Pt(II) Complex Aggregates Assembled at the Air-Water Interface. SMALL METHODS 2022; 6:e2200936. [PMID: 36287093 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202200936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) has been researched for various applications by control of characteristics such as chirality and magnitude. Supramolecular chirality has been prepared by vortex motion as a mechanical stimulus; however, CPL has yet to be controlled precisely and reproducibly. In this work, the first precise control of CPL under vortex flow conditions at an air-water interface is reported. The supramolecular chirality of aggregates consisting of an achiral trans-bis(salicylaldiminato)Pt(II) complex bearing hexadecyl chains is induced and controlled with vortex flow at the air-water interface, whereas the complex naturally forms an achiral amorphous solid with non-chiroptical properties under non-vortex conditions. The CPL direction and magnitude (glum value) of the Pt(II) complex aggregates can be adjusted precisely according to the vortex conditions, including the rotatory direction and flow rate. Vortex-flow-induced emission enhancement is also observed upon an increase in the rate of the vortex flow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takatoshi Maeda
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka, 560-8531, Japan
| | - Taizo Mori
- International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (WPI-MANA), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0044, Japan
- Department of Advanced Materials Science, Graduate School of Frontier Science, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, 277-8561, Japan
- Institute for Solid State Physics, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, 277-8581, Japan
| | - Masahiro Ikeshita
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka, 560-8531, Japan
| | - Shing Cho Ma
- Department of Chemistry, San José State University, San José, California, 95192-0101, USA
| | - Gilles Muller
- Department of Chemistry, San José State University, San José, California, 95192-0101, USA
| | - Katsuhiko Ariga
- International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (WPI-MANA), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0044, Japan
- Department of Advanced Materials Science, Graduate School of Frontier Science, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, 277-8561, Japan
| | - Takeshi Naota
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka, 560-8531, Japan
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10
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Zhang HH, Jing J, Xu G, Song YX, Wu SX, Chen XH, Zhang DS, Zhang XP, Shi ZF. Circularly polarized luminescence of pinene-modified tetradentate platinum(II) enantiomers containing fused 5/6/6 metallocycles. Heliyon 2022; 8:e11358. [PMID: 36387510 PMCID: PMC9649974 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e11358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, a couple of tetradentate Pt(II) enantiomers ((−)-1 and (+)-1) and a couple of tetradentate Pt(IV) enantiomers ((−)-2 and (+)-2) containing fused 5/6/6 metallocycles have been synthesized by controlling reaction conditions. Two valence forms could transform into each other through mild chemical oxidants and reductants. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction confirms the structures of (−)-1 and (−)-2. The coordination sphere of the Pt(II) cation in (−)-1 displays a distorted square-planar geometry and a platinum centroid helix chirality. In contrast, the structure of (−)-2 reveals a distorted octahedral geometry. The solution and the solid of (−)-1 are highly luminescent. Complex (−)-1 shows a prominent aggregation-induced emission enhancement (AIEE) behavior in DMSO/water solution with emission quantum yield (Φem) up to 73.2%. Furthermore, highly phosphorescent Pt(II) enantiomers exhibit significant circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) with a dissymmetry factor (glum) of order 10−3 in CH2Cl2 solutions at room temperature. Symmetrically appreciable CPL signals are observed for the enantiomers (−)-1 and (+)-1.
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11
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Ikeshita M, Yamamoto T, Watanabe S, Kitahara M, Imai Y, Tsuno T. Circularly Polarized Luminescence of Chiral Platinum(II) Complexes with Tetradentate Salen Ligands. CHEM LETT 2022. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.220224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Masahiro Ikeshita
- Department of Applied Molecular Chemistry, College of Industrial Technology, Nihon University, Narashino, Chiba 275-8575, Japan
| | - Takuho Yamamoto
- Department of Applied Molecular Chemistry, College of Industrial Technology, Nihon University, Narashino, Chiba 275-8575, Japan
| | - Shinya Watanabe
- Department of Applied Molecular Chemistry, College of Industrial Technology, Nihon University, Narashino, Chiba 275-8575, Japan
| | - Maho Kitahara
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kindai University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-Osaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan
| | - Yoshitane Imai
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kindai University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-Osaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan
| | - Takashi Tsuno
- Department of Applied Molecular Chemistry, College of Industrial Technology, Nihon University, Narashino, Chiba 275-8575, Japan
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12
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Shikita S, Harada T, Yasuda T. Axially chiral 1,1'-bicarbazolyls with near-ultraviolet circularly polarized luminescence. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:4849-4852. [PMID: 35347332 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc00936f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The facile synthesis and chiroptical properties of a new family of circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) materials, axially chiral 1,1'-bicarbazolyls (BiCz), are reported. The BiCz derivatives emitted intense near-ultraviolet photoluminescence, with a peak at ∼380 nm. The BiCz enantiomers showed mirror-image circular dichroism and CPL, with glum values on the order of 10-4 in solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- So Shikita
- INAMORI Frontier Research Center (IFRC), Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan. .,Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Takunori Harada
- Department of Integrated Science and Technology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Oita University, 700 Dannoharu, Oita 870-1192, Japan
| | - Takuma Yasuda
- INAMORI Frontier Research Center (IFRC), Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan. .,Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
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13
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Gong J, Zhang X. Coordination-based circularly polarized luminescence emitters: Design strategy and application in sensing. Coord Chem Rev 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2021.214329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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14
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Ikeshita M, Furukawa S, Ishikawa T, Matsudaira K, Imai Y, Tsuno T. Enhancement of Chiroptical Responses of trans-Bis[(β-iminomethyl)naphthoxy]platinum(II) Complexes with Distorted Square Planar Coordination Geometry. Chemistry 2022; 11:e202100277. [PMID: 35099127 PMCID: PMC8973265 DOI: 10.1002/open.202100277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Revised: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The relationship between the coordination geometry and photophysical properties of trans‐bis[(β‐iminomethyl)naphthoxy]platinum(II) was investigated both experimentally and theoretically. A series of platinum(II) complexes with differently substituted iminomethyl groups were synthesized, and their photophysical properties were examined in solution, in the crystalline, and in the PMMA film‐dispersed state, respectively (PMMA=poly(methyl methacrylate)). These complexes showed structure‐dependent emission spectra, in which the color of the luminescence in the crystalline state varied over a range of about 40 nm depending on the specific bowl‐shaped molecular structure. The chiral complexes with (R,R)‐ and (S,S)‐configurations were found to have structure‐dependent chiroptical properties both in solution and the PMMA film‐dispersed state such that the intensity of circular dichroism (CD) and circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) were enhanced with bulky cyclic substituents at the nitrogen atoms. A theoretical study using density functional theory (DFT) and time‐dependent (TD)‐DFT calculations revealed that the enhancement of chiroptical responses is due to the amplification of the magnetic dipole moment caused by the distortion of the square planar geometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahiro Ikeshita
- Department of Applied Molecular Chemistry, College of Industrial Technology, Nihon University, 275-8575, Narashino, Chiba, Japan
| | - Sho Furukawa
- Department of Applied Molecular Chemistry, College of Industrial Technology, Nihon University, 275-8575, Narashino, Chiba, Japan
| | - Takahiro Ishikawa
- Department of Applied Molecular Chemistry, College of Industrial Technology, Nihon University, 275-8575, Narashino, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kana Matsudaira
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kindai University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, 577-8502, Higashi, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yoshitane Imai
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kindai University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, 577-8502, Higashi, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takashi Tsuno
- Department of Applied Molecular Chemistry, College of Industrial Technology, Nihon University, 275-8575, Narashino, Chiba, Japan
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15
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Song J, Xiao H, Fang L, Qu L, Zhou X, Xu ZX, Yang C, Xiang H. Highly Phosphorescent Planar Chirality by Bridging Two Square-Planar Platinum(II) Complexes: Chirality Induction and Circularly Polarized Luminescence. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:2233-2244. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c11699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jintong Song
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hui Xiao
- Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lizhi Fang
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lang Qu
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiangge Zhou
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zong-Xiang Xu
- Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Cheng Yang
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, People’s Republic of China
| | - Haifeng Xiang
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, People’s Republic of China
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16
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Gong ZL, Zhu X, Zhou Z, Zhang SW, Yang D, Zhao B, Zhang YP, Deng J, Cheng Y, Zheng YX, Zang SQ, Kuang H, Duan P, Yuan M, Chen CF, Zhao YS, Zhong YW, Tang BZ, Liu M. Frontiers in circularly polarized luminescence: molecular design, self-assembly, nanomaterials, and applications. Sci China Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11426-021-1146-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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17
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Wang L, Xiao H, Qu L, Song J, Zhou W, Zhou X, Xiang H, Xu ZX. Axially Chiral Bis-Cycloplatinated Binaphthalenes and Octahydro-Binaphthalenes for Efficient Circularly Polarized Phosphorescence in Solution-Processed Organic Light-Emitting Diodes. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:13557-13566. [PMID: 34409839 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c01861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
A new series of axially chiral binuclear Pt(II) complexes with bridging ligands of binaphthalenes and octahydro-binaphthalenes and auxiliary ligands of β-diketones were designed and prepared. These complexes, identified by spectral and electrochemical methods and single-crystal X-ray diffraction, emit an orange-red phosphorescence with a quantum yield up to 21% and 70% in solution and solid, respectively, due to the effect of steric hindrance from bridging ligands and the 2,3-position extension of chiral axis planes. They can be used as emitters in solution-processed organic light-emitting diodes to achieve luminance efficiency, asymmetry factor, and external quantum efficiency up to 5.4 cd A-1, 3.0 × 10-3, and 3.1%, respectively. Moreover, the essential relationships between their chemical structures and luminescence quantum efficiency and asymmetry factor are discussed, which affords explicit insights for designing circularly polarized luminescent materials and devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wang
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Hui Xiao
- Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Lang Qu
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Jintong Song
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Weilan Zhou
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xiangge Zhou
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Haifeng Xiang
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Zong-Xiang Xu
- Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518000, China
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18
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Sun Y, Liu B, Guo Y, Chen X, Lee YT, Feng Z, Adachi C, Zhou G, Chen Z, Yang X. Developing Efficient Dinuclear Pt(II) Complexes Based on the Triphenylamine Core for High-Efficiency Solution-Processed OLEDs. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:36020-36032. [PMID: 34283914 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c06148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The various applications of dinuclear complexes have attracted increasing attention. However, the electroluminescence efficiencies of dinuclear Pt(II) complexes are far from satisfactory. Herein, based on the triphenylamine core, we develop four dinuclear Pt(II) complexes that cover the emission colors from yellow to red with high photoluminescence quantum efficiencies of up to 0.79 in doped films. The solid-state structure of PyDPt is revealed by the single-crystal X-ray diffraction investigation. Besides, solution-processed OLEDs have been fabricated with different electron transport materials. With higher electron mobility and excellent hole-blocking ability, 1,3,5-tri(m-pyridin-3-ylphenyl)benzene (TmPyPB) can help to realize good charge balance in related OLEDs. In addition, angle-dependent PL spectra reveal the preferentially horizontal orientation of these dinuclear Pt(II) complexes in doped CBP films, which benefits the outcoupling efficiencies. Therefore, the yellow OLED based on PyDPt shows unexpected high performance with a peak current efficiency of up to 78.7 cd/A and an external quantum efficiency of up to 22.4%, which is the highest EQE reported for OLEDs based on dinuclear Pt(II) complexes so far. This study demonstrates the great potential of developing dinuclear Pt(II) complexes for achieving excellent electroluminescence efficiencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanhui Sun
- School of Chemistry, MOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Sustainable Energy Material Chemistry, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, P. R. China
| | - Bochen Liu
- School of Applied Physics and Materials, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, P. R. China
| | - Yue Guo
- School of Applied Physics and Materials, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, P. R. China
| | - Xi Chen
- School of Chemistry, MOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Sustainable Energy Material Chemistry, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, P. R. China
| | - Yi-Ting Lee
- Center for Organic Photonics and Electronics Research (OPERA), Kyushu University, Motooka, Nishi, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Zhao Feng
- School of Chemistry, MOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Sustainable Energy Material Chemistry, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, P. R. China
- Center for Organic Photonics and Electronics Research (OPERA), Kyushu University, Motooka, Nishi, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Chihaya Adachi
- Center for Organic Photonics and Electronics Research (OPERA), Kyushu University, Motooka, Nishi, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Guijiang Zhou
- School of Chemistry, MOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Sustainable Energy Material Chemistry, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, P. R. China
| | - Zhao Chen
- School of Applied Physics and Materials, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, P. R. China
| | - Xiaolong Yang
- School of Chemistry, MOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Sustainable Energy Material Chemistry, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, P. R. China
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19
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Xu X, Zhou X, Qu L, Wang L, Song J, Wu D, Zhou W, Zhou X, Xiang H, Wang J, Liu J. Reversible Chromatic Change of Supramolecular Gels for Visual and Selective Chiral Recognition of Histidine. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2020; 3:7236-7242. [PMID: 35019382 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.0c01063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
In the present work, a chemical reaction has been performed for supramolecular gels to achieve multiple-stimuli-responsive smart soft materials. Simple chiral binaphthalene-based receptors can condense with histidine (His) to yield a Schiff base, which would help to achieve visual chiral recognition of unprotected l/d-His through gel formation along with specific selectivity toward 20 amino acids. Through intermolecular hydrogen bonds, the resultant Schiff base molecules assemble with excess His molecules to form three-dimensional (3D) networks of metastable cross-linked nanospheres and stable nanofibers in EtOH/water and MeOH/water, respectively. Significantly, this condensation reaction exhibits unique reversible and chromatic phenomena between sol-gel phase transitions in EtOH/water, which provide a way to design chemical reaction-based multivisual-change supramolecular gels for sensing and switching applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuemei Xu
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xueman Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.,Laboratory for Aging Research and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Lang Qu
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Lei Wang
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Jintong Song
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Dehua Wu
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Weilan Zhou
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xiangge Zhou
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Haifeng Xiang
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Jun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Jin Liu
- Laboratory for Aging Research and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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20
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Wu D, Song J, Qu L, Zhou W, Wang L, Zhou X, Xiang H. Ultralow-Molecular-Weight Stimuli-Responsive and Multifunctional Supramolecular Gels Based on Monomers and Trimers of Hydrazides. Chem Asian J 2020; 15:3370-3378. [PMID: 32893975 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202001041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The simpler, the better. A series of simple, neutral and ultralow-molecular-weight (MW: 140-200) hydrazide-derived supramolecular gelators have been designed and synthesized in two straightforward steps. For non-conjugated cyclohexane-derived hydrazides, their monomers can self-assemble to form gels through intermolecular hydrogen bonds and dipole-dipole interactions. Significantly, conjugated phthalhydrazide can self-aggregate into planar and circular trimers through intermolecular hydrogen bonds and then self-assemble to form gels through intermolecular π-π stacking interactions. It is interesting that these simple gelators exhibit unusual properties, such as self-healing, multi-response fluorescence, and visual and selective recognition of chiral (R)/(S)-1,1'-binaphthalene-2,2'-diamine and S2- through much different times of gel re-formation and blue-green color change, respectively. These results underline the importance of supramolecular gels and extend the scope of supramolecular gelators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dehua Wu
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P. R. China
| | - Jintong Song
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P. R. China
| | - Lang Qu
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P. R. China
| | - Weilan Zhou
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P. R. China
| | - Lei Wang
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P. R. China
| | - Xiangge Zhou
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P. R. China
| | - Haifeng Xiang
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P. R. China
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21
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Nitti A, Pasini D. Aggregation-Induced Circularly Polarized Luminescence: Chiral Organic Materials for Emerging Optical Technologies. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2020; 32:e1908021. [PMID: 32173906 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201908021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2019] [Revised: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Chirality is becoming increasingly important in the design of organic materials with functional properties, when bulk anisotropy is needed. In the past decades, a plethora of chiral organic materials have been studied and developed. Nanostructures have brought substantial advancement to the realization of organic-molecule-based devices, and the possibilities for solid-state light emission are very promising in view of potential applications. Scientific approaches to the realization of chiral emissive materials are indeed growing exponentially. The chiral nanostructures discussed are related both to the way in which luminescence is generated and the way in which it is detected. As to the former, the focus will be on organic chromophores with aggregation-induced emission properties, so that emission is present, or at least largely amplified, when the molecules are in the aggregated state. As to the latter, the focus will be on the ability and a quantitative comparison of organic nanostructures capable of circularly polarized emission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Nitti
- Department of Chemistry and INSTM Research Unit, University of Pavia, Via Taramelli 12, Pavia, 27100, Italy
| | - Dario Pasini
- Department of Chemistry and INSTM Research Unit, University of Pavia, Via Taramelli 12, Pavia, 27100, Italy
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22
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Doistau B, Jiménez JR, Piguet C. Beyond Chiral Organic (p-Block) Chromophores for Circularly Polarized Luminescence: The Success of d-Block and f-Block Chiral Complexes. Front Chem 2020; 8:555. [PMID: 32850617 PMCID: PMC7399180 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2020.00555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Chiral molecules are essential for the development of advanced technological applications in spintronic and photonic. The best systems should produce large circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) as estimated by their dissymmetry factor (g lum), which can reach the maximum values of -2 ≤ g lum ≤ 2 when either pure right- or left-handed polarized light is emitted after standard excitation. For matching this requirement, theoretical considerations indicate that optical transitions with large magnetic and weak electric transition dipole moments represent the holy grail of CPL. Because of their detrimental strong and allowed electric dipole transitions, popular chiral emissive organic molecules display generally moderate dissymmetry factors (10-5 ≤ g lum ≤ 10-3). However, recent efforts in this field show that g lum can be significantly enhanced when the chiral organic activators are part of chiral supramolecular assemblies or of liquid crystalline materials. At the other extreme, chiral EuIII- and SmIII-based complexes, which possess intra-shell parity-forbidden electric but allowed magnetic dipole transitions, have yielded the largest dissymmetry factor reported so far with g lum ~ 1.38. Consequently, 4f-based metal complexes with strong CPL are currently the best candidates for potential technological applications. They however suffer from the need for highly pure samples and from considerable production costs. In this context, chiral earth-abundant and cheap d-block metal complexes benefit from a renewed interest according that their CPL signal can be optimized despite the larger covalency displayed by d-block cations compared with 4f-block analogs. This essay thus aims at providing a minimum overview of the theoretical aspects rationalizing circularly polarized luminescence and their exploitation for the design of chiral emissive metal complexes with strong CPL. Beyond the corroboration that f-f transitions are ideal candidates for generating large dissymmetry factors, a special attention is focused on the recent attempts to use chiral CrIII-based complexes that reach values of g lum up to 0.2. This could pave the way for replacing high-cost rare earths with cheap transition metals for CPL applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Doistau
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Juan-Ramón Jiménez
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Claude Piguet
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
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Yang QY, Zhang HH, Han XL, Weng SD, Chen Y, Wu JL, Han LZ, Zhang XP, Shi ZF. Enhanced Circularly Polarized Luminescence Activity in Chiral Platinum(II) Complexes With Bis- or Triphenylphosphine Ligands. Front Chem 2020; 8:303. [PMID: 32391328 PMCID: PMC7193082 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2020.00303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Distinct circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) activity was observed in chiral (C∧N∧N)Pt(II) [(C∧N∧N) = 4,5-pinene-6'-phenyl-2,2'-bipyridine] complexes with bis- or triphenylphosphine ligands. Compared to the pseudo-square-planar geometry of chiral (C∧N∧N)Pt(II) complexes with chloride, phenylacetylene (PPV) and 2,6-dimethylphenyl isocyanide (Dmpi) ligands, the coordination configuration around the Pt(II) nucleus of chiral (C∧N∧N)Pt(II) complexes with bulk phosphine ligands is far more distorted. The geometry is straightforwardly confirmed by X-ray crystallography. The phosphines' participation enhanced the CPL signal of Pt(II) complexes profoundly, with the dissymmetry factor (g lum) up to 10-3. The distorted structures and enhanced chiroptical signals were further confirmed by time-dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT) calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian-Ying Yang
- Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Treatment & Resource Reuse of Hainan Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan Normal University, Haikou, China
| | - Hua-Hong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Treatment & Resource Reuse of Hainan Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan Normal University, Haikou, China
| | - Xue-Ling Han
- Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Treatment & Resource Reuse of Hainan Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan Normal University, Haikou, China
| | - Shi-Dao Weng
- Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Treatment & Resource Reuse of Hainan Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan Normal University, Haikou, China
| | - Yuan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Treatment & Resource Reuse of Hainan Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan Normal University, Haikou, China
| | - Jia-Li Wu
- Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Treatment & Resource Reuse of Hainan Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan Normal University, Haikou, China
| | - Li-Zhi Han
- Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Treatment & Resource Reuse of Hainan Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan Normal University, Haikou, China
| | - Xiao-Peng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Treatment & Resource Reuse of Hainan Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan Normal University, Haikou, China
| | - Zai-Feng Shi
- Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Treatment & Resource Reuse of Hainan Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan Normal University, Haikou, China
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Jiang Z, Wang J, Gao T, Ma J, Liu Z, Chen R. Rational Design of Axially Chiral Platinabinaphthalenes with Aggregation-Induced Emission for Red Circularly Polarized Phosphorescent Organic Light-Emitting Diodes. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:9520-9527. [PMID: 31990175 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b20568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Circularly polarized luminescent (CPL) materials have received a lot of interest due to their potential applications in next-generation displays. However, the development of easily accessible red circularly polarized phosphorescent emitters for practical organic light-emitting diodes fabrication remains a grand challenge. In this paper, we report a new family of CPL-active platinum complexes based on the binaphthalene chiral platform. These axially chiral platinabinaphthalenes were facile synthesized by directly incorporating platinum(II) into the π-conjugated backbone of a commercially available enantiopure binaphthalene derivate. These complexes exhibit aggregation-induced circularly polarized phosphorescence enhancement with high quantum yields of up to 66% and luminescence dissymmetry factors of around 2.6 × 10-3. Moreover, solution-processable circularly polarized organic light-emitting diodes (CPOLEDs) using these complexes as emitters show good performance with the maximum luminance of up to 3500 cd m-2 and dissymmetry factor values of around 1.0 × 10-3. These findings by the rational design of axially chiral platinabinaphthalenes are important for the development of high-performance CPL complexes for CPOLEDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyong Jiang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering , Nanjing Forestry University , 159 Longpan Road , Xuanwu District, Nanjing 210037 , China
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics, Institute of Advanced Materials , Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech) , Nanjing 211816 , China
| | - Jun Wang
- Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM) , Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications , 9 Weyuan Road , Nanjing 210023 , China
| | - Tingting Gao
- College of Materials Science and Engineering , Nanjing Forestry University , 159 Longpan Road , Xuanwu District, Nanjing 210037 , China
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics, Institute of Advanced Materials , Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech) , Nanjing 211816 , China
| | - Jianping Ma
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Shandong Normal University , Jinan 250014 , China
| | - Zhipeng Liu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering , Nanjing Forestry University , 159 Longpan Road , Xuanwu District, Nanjing 210037 , China
| | - Runfeng Chen
- Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM) , Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications , 9 Weyuan Road , Nanjing 210023 , China
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25
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Alam P, Climent C, Alemany P, Laskar IR. “Aggregation-induced emission” of transition metal compounds: Design, mechanistic insights, and applications. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY C-PHOTOCHEMISTRY REVIEWS 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochemrev.2019.100317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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26
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Xu X, Qu L, Song J, Wu D, Zhou X, Xiang H. A simple and visual approach for enantioselective recognition through supramolecular gels with specific selectivity. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:9873-9876. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cc04895b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
(S)/(R)1 enantioselectively self-assemble to form a gel or solution with one enantiomer of (S)/(R)BINAM with specific selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuemei Xu
- College of Chemistry
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610064
- P. R. China
| | - Lang Qu
- College of Chemistry
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610064
- P. R. China
| | - Jintong Song
- College of Chemistry
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610064
- P. R. China
| | - Dehua Wu
- College of Chemistry
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610064
- P. R. China
| | - Xiangge Zhou
- College of Chemistry
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610064
- P. R. China
| | - Haifeng Xiang
- College of Chemistry
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610064
- P. R. China
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27
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Wang M, Cheng C, Li C, Wu D, Song J, Wang J, Zhou X, Xiang H, Liu J. Smart, chiral, and nonconjugated cyclohexane-based bis-salicylaldehyde hydrazides: multi-stimuli-responsive, turn-on, ratiometric, and thermochromic fluorescence, single-crystal structures via DFT calculations. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY C 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9tc01337g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Multidentate and environmentally sensitive dyes show turn-on, ratiometric, and thermochromic fluorescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Man Wang
- College of Chemistry
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu
- China
| | - Caiqi Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases
- Department of Orthodontics
- West China Hospital of Stomatology
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu
| | - Chunbo Li
- College of Chemistry
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu
- China
| | - Dehua Wu
- College of Chemistry
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu
- China
| | - Jintong Song
- College of Chemistry
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu
- China
| | - Jun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases
- Department of Orthodontics
- West China Hospital of Stomatology
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu
| | - Xiangge Zhou
- College of Chemistry
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu
- China
| | | | - Jin Liu
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy
- West China Hospital
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu
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