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Rehman MM, Rehman HMMU, Gul JZ, Kim WY, Karimov KS, Ahmed N. Decade of 2D-materials-based RRAM devices: a review. SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY OF ADVANCED MATERIALS 2020; 21:147-186. [PMID: 32284767 PMCID: PMC7144203 DOI: 10.1080/14686996.2020.1730236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2019] [Revised: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Two dimensional (2D) materials have offered unique electrical, chemical, mechanical and physical properties over the past decade owing to their ultrathin, flexible, and multilayer structure. These layered materials are being used in numerous electronic devices for various applications, and this review will specifically focus on the resistive random access memories (RRAMs) based on 2D materials and their nanocomposites. This study presents the device structures, conduction mechanisms, resistive switching properties, fabrication technologies, challenges and future aspects of 2D-materials-based RRAMs. Graphene, derivatives of graphene and MoS2 have been the major contributors among 2D materials for the application of RRAMs; however, other members of this family such as hBN, MoSe2, WS2 and WSe2 have also been inspected more recently as the functional materials of nonvolatile RRAM devices. Conduction in these devices is usually dominated by either the penetration of metallic ions or migration of intrinsic species. Most prominent advantages offered by RRAM devices based on 2D materials include fast switching speed (<10 ns), less power losses (10 pJ), lower threshold voltage (<1 V) long retention time (>10 years), high electrical endurance (>108 voltage cycles) and extended mechanical robustness (500 bending cycles). Resistive switching properties of 2D materials have been further enhanced by blending them with metallic nanoparticles, organic polymers and inorganic semiconductors in various forms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Muqeet Rehman
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Ghulam Ishaq Khan Institute of Engineering Sciences and Technology, Topi, Pakistan
| | | | - Jahan Zeb Gul
- Department of Mechatronics & Biomedical Engineering, AIR University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Woo Young Kim
- Faculty of Electronic Engineering, Jeju National University, Jeju, South Korea
| | - Khasan S Karimov
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Ghulam Ishaq Khan Institute of Engineering Sciences and Technology, Topi, Pakistan
| | - Nisar Ahmed
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Ghulam Ishaq Khan Institute of Engineering Sciences and Technology, Topi, Pakistan
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Xu B, Zhang Y, Li X, Yao Y, Huang X, Xia S, Dong P. A simple preparation route for polysilicate titanium salt from spent titanium solutions. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2019; 80:1347-1356. [PMID: 31850886 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2019.383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Polysilicate titanium salt (PST) is synthesized by using spent titanium solutions and polysilicic acid (PSiA) as raw materials. PSiA could improve the aggregation ability of titanium salt flocculants and also restrain the hydrolysis of Ti4+ to stabilize titanium salts. Meanwhile, replacing titanium salt with spent titanium solutions could reduce the cost of PST and solve the problem of wastewater treatment in the titanium industry, which makes valuable waste regeneration possible. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) results show the morphology transformation (sheet, spheroid, and sphere) of PST with different Ti/Si molar ratios. The formation process of PST is analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). This study investigates the effect of Ti/Si molar ratios on PST flocculation performance in humic-kaolin water and actual domestic wastewater treatment. The in situ floc size change of PST is measured by laser particle size analyzer in humic-kaolin water treatment. Additionally, the performance of PST is comprehensively evaluated on flocculation and sedimentation ability, rapid sweep netting ability and stability. In short, the prepared PST in this study is suitable for treating wastewater with high turbidity and chemical oxygen demand (COD) in a wide range of pH values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Xu
- National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Lithium-Ion Batteries and Materials Preparation Technology, Kunming 650093, China; Key Laboratory of Advanced Battery Materials of Yunnan Province, Kunming 650093, China; and Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China E-mail:
| | - Yingjie Zhang
- National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Lithium-Ion Batteries and Materials Preparation Technology, Kunming 650093, China; Key Laboratory of Advanced Battery Materials of Yunnan Province, Kunming 650093, China; and Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China E-mail:
| | - Xue Li
- National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Lithium-Ion Batteries and Materials Preparation Technology, Kunming 650093, China; Key Laboratory of Advanced Battery Materials of Yunnan Province, Kunming 650093, China; and Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China E-mail:
| | - Yao Yao
- National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Lithium-Ion Batteries and Materials Preparation Technology, Kunming 650093, China; Key Laboratory of Advanced Battery Materials of Yunnan Province, Kunming 650093, China; and Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China E-mail:
| | - Xuesong Huang
- National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Lithium-Ion Batteries and Materials Preparation Technology, Kunming 650093, China; Key Laboratory of Advanced Battery Materials of Yunnan Province, Kunming 650093, China; and Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China E-mail:
| | - Shubiao Xia
- Center for Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau Chemical Functional Materials and Pollution Control, Qujing Normal University, Qujing 655011, China
| | - Peng Dong
- National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Lithium-Ion Batteries and Materials Preparation Technology, Kunming 650093, China; Key Laboratory of Advanced Battery Materials of Yunnan Province, Kunming 650093, China; and Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China E-mail:
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