1
|
Marcos PM, Berberan-Santos MN. Fluorescent homooxacalixarenes: recent applications in supramolecular systems. Front Chem 2023; 11:1258026. [PMID: 37867994 PMCID: PMC10587604 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2023.1258026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
This review covers recent advances (from 2006 to date) in supramolecular systems based on fluorescent homooxacalixarenes, namely hexahomotrioxacalix[3]arenes, dihomooxacalix[4]arenes and tetrahomodioxacalix[4]arenes, focusing on fluorescence sensing using their intrinsic fluorescence (built-in mesitol-like groups) or the extrinsic fluorescence of organic fluorophores, either covalently linked to the calixarenes or forming supramolecular complexes with them. Sensing applications of ions, ion pairs and neutral molecules are discussed, as well as the potential measurement of temperature based on thermally activated delayed fluorescence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paula M. Marcos
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Institute of Molecular Sciences, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
- Faculdade de Farmácia da Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Mário N. Berberan-Santos
- IBB-Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences and Associate Laboratory for Health and Bioeconomy, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Tariq M, Jan S, Sarfaraz S, Muhammad S, Ayub K. Intermolecular hydrogen bonding of alcohols with dinitrobenzene radical anion and dianion: A combined electrochemical and DFT study. J Mol Graph Model 2023; 118:108358. [PMID: 36327685 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmgm.2022.108358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Hydrogen bonding is one of the most important inter-molecular interactions in the field of biochemistry and medicinal chemistry. Such non-covalent interactions play a vital role in self-assembly phenomena, chemical structures, material properties and enzymatic catalysis. Herein, we present hydrogen bonding phenomenon in alcohols-dinitrobenzene (DNB) radical anion/dianion systems using electrochemical and computational approaches. First, 1,3-DNB radical anion and dianion were generated through electrochemical method and then hydrogen bonding interactions with aliphatic alcohols in DMSO are studied through cyclic voltammetry (CV). CV results show that the cathodic peak potential of 1,3-Dinitrobenzene in Dimethyl sulfoxide is shifted catholically upon addition of alcohols which represent hydrogen bonding phenomenon. Theoretical investigations are performed to gain deep insight on hydrogen bonding interaction strength in DNB-alcohol systems. H-bonding interaction of all isomers of DNB (1,2-, 1,3-, 1,4-), its corresponding radical anion, and dianion with aliphatic alcohols is studied using density functional calculations. The strength of H-bonding is evaluated both qualitatively and quantitatively using interaction energies, vibrational and electronic spectroscopic analysis. Understanding of these interactions will be helpful in gaining insight into biological systems where these interactions play significant role.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Tariq
- National Center of Excellence in Physical Chemistry, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, KPK, 25120, Pakistan.
| | - Safeer Jan
- National Center of Excellence in Physical Chemistry, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, KPK, 25120, Pakistan
| | - Sehrish Sarfaraz
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad, KPK, 22060, Pakistan
| | - Shabbir Muhammad
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha, 61413, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khurshid Ayub
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad, KPK, 22060, Pakistan.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
A highly selective anthraquinone appended oxacalixarene receptor for fluorescent ICT sensing of F− ions: an experimental and computational study. J CHEM SCI 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s12039-020-01862-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
|
4
|
Guo H, Zhang R, Han Y, Wang J, Yan C. A p-tert-Tutyldihomooxacalix[4]arene Based Soft Gel for Sustained Drug Release in Water. Front Chem 2020; 8:33. [PMID: 32181237 PMCID: PMC7059609 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2020.00033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
P-tert-butyldihomooxacalix[4]arene is a well-known calix[4]arene analog in which one CH2 bridge is replaced by one -O- group. Thus, dihomooxacalix[4]arene has a slightly larger cavity than that of calix[4]arene and usually possesses a more flexible cone conformation, and the bridged oxygen atom might provide additional binding sites. Here, we synthesized a new functional p-tert-butyldihomooxacalix[4]arene 1 through Ugi reaction with good yield (70%), starting from condensed p-tert-butyldihomooxacalix[4]arene O-alkoxy-substituted benzaldehydes, benzoic acid, benzylamine, and cyclohexyl isocyanide. Proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H NMR), 13C NMR, IR, and diffusion-ordered 1H NMR spectroscopy (DOSY) methods were used to characterize the structure of 1. Then soft gel was prepared by adding 1 into cyclohexane directly. It shows remarkable thermoreversibility and can be demonstrated for several cycles. As is revealed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images, xerogel showed highly interconnected and homogeneous porous network structures, and hence, the gel is suitable for storage and controlled release.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hao Guo
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineer, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineer, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Runmiao Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineer, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineer, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Ying Han
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineer, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Jin Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineer, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Chaoguo Yan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineer, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
An L, Wang C, Han L, Liu J, Huang T, Zheng Y, Yan C, Sun J. Structural Design, Synthesis, and Preliminary Biological Evaluation of Novel Dihomooxacalix[4]arene-Based Anti-tumor Agents. Front Chem 2019; 7:856. [PMID: 31921778 PMCID: PMC6923765 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2019.00856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Calixarene and its derivatives have extensively served as promising anti-tumor agents. Previously, we have synthesized a series of calix[n]arene polyhydroxyamine derivatives (n = 4, 6, 8) and found that 5,11,17,23-tetra-tert-butyl-25,27-bis [N-(2-hydroxyethyl)aminocarbonylmethoxyl] calix[4]arene (CLX-4) displayed significant effect toward SKOV3, A549, SW1990, HeLa, Raji, and MDA-MB-231 cancer cells. In the present work, we find a replacement of calix[4]arene bone and synthesized 19 novel structurally related dihomooxacalix[4]arene amide derivatives 4A-4S to optimize its efficacy. Their abilities to induce cytotoxicity in human lung carcinoma (A549) cells, breast cancer (MCF-7) cells, cervical cancer (HeLa) cells, hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2) cells, as well as human umbilical vein endothelial (HUVEC) cells are evaluated in vitro. Encouraging results show that the majority of dihomooxacalix[4]arene amide derivatives are effective at inhibiting A549 cell proliferation with the corresponding IC50 ranging from 0.6 to 20.1 μM. In particular, compounds 4A, 4D, and 4L explore markedly increased potency (IC50 value is 2.0 ± 0.5 μM, 0.7 ± 0.1 μM, and 1.7 ± 0.4 μM) over the cytotoxicity profiles of control CLX-4, whose IC50 value is 2.8 ± 0.3 μM. More interestingly, 4A also demonstrates the perfect cytotoxic effect against MCF-7, HeLa, and HepG2 cells with IC50 values of 1.0 ± 0.1 μM, 0.8 ± 0.2 μM, and 2.7 ± 0.4 μM. In addition, the results proved that our synthesized 4A has much lower toxicity (41%) to normal cells at a concentration of 10 μM than that of 4D (90%). To reveal the mechanisms, the key indicators including the cell cycle and apoptosis are observed by the flow cytometry analysis in MCF-7 cells. The results demonstrate that both 4A and 4D can induce the MCF-7 cell cycle arrest in G0/G1 phase and cell apoptosis. Therefore, our finding proves that the dihomooxacalix[4]arene amide derivatives are convenient platforms for potential supramolecular anticancer agents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lin An
- College of Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Chan Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Lili Han
- Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jiadong Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Tonghui Huang
- College of Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Youguang Zheng
- College of Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Chaoguo Yan
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Jing Sun
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Zhao LL, Yang XS, Chong H, Wang Y, Yan CG. Multi-point interaction-based recognition of fluoride ions by tert-butyldihomooxacalix[4]arenes bearing phenolic hydroxyls and thiourea. NEW J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c8nj06333h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
A series of p-tert-butyldihomooxacalix[4]arenes bearing phenolic hydroxyls and thiourea moieties were prepared to investigate their anion binding behavior.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ling-Ling Zhao
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering
- Yangzhou University
- Yangzhou 225002
- China
| | - Xiao-Song Yang
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering
- Yangzhou University
- Yangzhou 225002
- China
| | - Hui Chong
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering
- Yangzhou University
- Yangzhou 225002
- China
| | - Yang Wang
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering
- Yangzhou University
- Yangzhou 225002
- China
| | - Chao-Guo Yan
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering
- Yangzhou University
- Yangzhou 225002
- China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
An L, Liu JD, Peng XN, Zheng YG, Wang C, Huang TH. Preparation andin vitrobioactivity evaluation of N-heterocyclic-linked dihomooxacalix[4]arene derivatives. RSC Adv 2019; 9:41287-41297. [PMID: 35540075 PMCID: PMC9076386 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra06876g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Based on the superior prospects of calixarenes-based agents and N-heterocyclic pharmacophores in biomedical applications, 14 new dihomooxacalix[4]arene N-heterocyclic (pyridine, quinoline, and thiazole) derivatives 4a–4n were efficiently synthesized from the parent compound, namely, p-tert-butyldihomooxacalix[4]arene 1; they were further investigated by using their IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and HRMS spectra. Among these derivatives, the crystal and molecular structures of 2-aminomethyl-pyridine-substituted dihomooxacalix[4]arene 4f (obtained from methanol) have been determined by X-ray diffraction. In the case of the inhibition assay of cell growth, we evaluated the effects on four select tumor cell lines (MCF-7, HepG2, SKOV3, and HeLa), as well as the normal cell lines of HUVEC, using paclitaxel as the positive control drug. It was found that the derivatives 4d–4f, 4i, 4k, and 4l could inhibit tumoral activity up to varying degrees. Mechanistically, the cell cycle analysis demonstrated that dihomooxacalix[4]arene N-heterocyclic derivatives could induce apoptosis of MCF cells. In addition, the results of the western blot and immunofluorescence studies revealed the upregulation of the protein expression levels of Bax and cleaved caspase-3, as well as the downregulation of Bcl-2, which are in good agreement with the corresponding inhibitory potencies. Therefore, these findings suggest that N-heterocyclic derivatives based on the dihomooxacalix[4]arene scaffold are promising candidates for use against cancer. Based on superior prospects of calixarenes in biomedical fields, the bioactivity of novel N-heterocyclic linked dihomooxacalix[4]arene derivatives 4a–4n were evaluated in vitro. The crystal structure of 4f was also determined by X-ray diffraction.![]()
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lin An
- College of Pharmacy
- Xuzhou Medical University
- Xuzhou 221004
- P. R. China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy
| | - Jia-dong Liu
- College of Pharmacy
- Xuzhou Medical University
- Xuzhou 221004
- P. R. China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy
| | - Xian-na Peng
- College of Pharmacy
- Xuzhou Medical University
- Xuzhou 221004
- P. R. China
| | - You-guang Zheng
- College of Pharmacy
- Xuzhou Medical University
- Xuzhou 221004
- P. R. China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy
| | - Chan Wang
- College of Pharmacy
- Xuzhou Medical University
- Xuzhou 221004
- P. R. China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy
| | - Tong-hui Huang
- College of Pharmacy
- Xuzhou Medical University
- Xuzhou 221004
- P. R. China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy
| |
Collapse
|