1
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Kim YJ, Jang M, Roh J, Lee YJ, Moon HJ, Byun J, Wi J, Ko SK, Tae J. Rhodamine-Based Cyclic Hydroxamate as Fluorescent pH Probe for Imaging of Lysosomes. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15073. [PMID: 37894759 PMCID: PMC10606023 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242015073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Monitoring the microenvironment within specific cellular regions is crucial for a comprehensive understanding of life events. Fluorescent probes working in different ranges of pH regions have been developed for the local imaging of different pH environments. Especially, rhodamine-based fluorescent pH probes have been of great interest due to their ON/OFF fluorescence depending on the spirolactam ring's opening/closure. By introducing the N-alkyl-hydroxamic acid instead of the alkyl amines in the spirolactam of rhodamine, we were able to tune the pH range where the ring opening and closing of the spirolactam occurs. This six-membered cyclic hydroxamate spirolactam ring of rhodamine B proved to be highly fluorescent in acidic pH environments. In addition, we could monitor pH changes of lysosomes in live cells and zebrafish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Ju Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea; (Y.J.K.); (Y.J.L.); (H.J.M.); (J.B.); (J.W.)
| | - Mina Jang
- Chemical Biology Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Cheongju 28116, Republic of Korea; (M.J.); (J.R.)
- New Drug Development Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation, Daegu 41061, Republic of Korea
| | - Jongtae Roh
- Chemical Biology Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Cheongju 28116, Republic of Korea; (M.J.); (J.R.)
- KRIBB School of Bioscience, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon Jeong Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea; (Y.J.K.); (Y.J.L.); (H.J.M.); (J.B.); (J.W.)
| | - Hee Jung Moon
- Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea; (Y.J.K.); (Y.J.L.); (H.J.M.); (J.B.); (J.W.)
| | - Jimin Byun
- Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea; (Y.J.K.); (Y.J.L.); (H.J.M.); (J.B.); (J.W.)
| | - Jihyun Wi
- Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea; (Y.J.K.); (Y.J.L.); (H.J.M.); (J.B.); (J.W.)
| | - Sung-Kyun Ko
- Chemical Biology Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Cheongju 28116, Republic of Korea; (M.J.); (J.R.)
- KRIBB School of Bioscience, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinsung Tae
- Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea; (Y.J.K.); (Y.J.L.); (H.J.M.); (J.B.); (J.W.)
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2
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Wang Z, Pan T, Tian Y, Liao J. A near-infrared probe for the real-time detection of lysosomal pH in living cells under "wash free" conditions. J Mater Chem B 2022; 10:7045-7051. [PMID: 36044015 DOI: 10.1039/d2tb01441f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Lysosomal pH is an important indicator for the physiological state of eukaryotic cells. The real-time detection of intracellular lysosomal pH is critical for understanding and studying many physiological and pathological processes of cells. Herein, we designed and synthesized a series of novel pH sensors, namely W1, W2 and W3. By comparing the spectroscopic properties of the three molecules and their ability to target lysosomes in living cells, a specific probe W1 was selected for the quantitative analysis of lysosomal pH changes in live cells. W1 shows a fast, sensitive and highly selective red fluorescence response to an acidic pH value. The pKa value of W1 is 5.84, and the fluorescence intensity ratios of I743/I680 under acidic conditions show a good linear relationship with the pH value. In addition, W1 shows a 100-fold difference in fluorescence from an extracellular environment to an intracellular environment, allowing it to be used as a "wash free" staining probe to visualize the pH change of lysosomes. W1 was further applied to detect the changes of lysosomal pH during apoptosis and mitophagy. Thus, W1 is expected to be a potentially useful tool for monitoring the changes of lysosomal pH in cell-related physiological or pathological states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziqiang Wang
- School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, No 1088 Xueyuan Blvd, Xili, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China
| | - Tingting Pan
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Shenzhen Children's Hospital, 7019 Yitian Road, Shenzhen, 518038, China.
| | - Yanqing Tian
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, No 1088 Xueyuan Blvd, Xili, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China.
| | - Jianxiang Liao
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Shenzhen Children's Hospital, 7019 Yitian Road, Shenzhen, 518038, China.
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3
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Galactose-imidazole mediated dual-targeting fluorescent probe for detecting Fe3+ in the lysosomes of hepatocytes: Design, synthesis and evaluation. Biosens Bioelectron 2022; 204:114083. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2022.114083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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4
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Yin J, Huang L, Wu L, Li J, James TD, Lin W. Small molecule based fluorescent chemosensors for imaging the microenvironment within specific cellular regions. Chem Soc Rev 2021; 50:12098-12150. [PMID: 34550134 DOI: 10.1039/d1cs00645b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 170] [Impact Index Per Article: 56.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The microenvironment (local environment), including viscosity, temperature, polarity, hypoxia, and acidic-basic status (pH), plays indispensable roles in cellular processes. Significantly, organelles require an appropriate microenvironment to perform their specific physiological functions, and disruption of the microenvironmental homeostasis could lead to malfunctions of organelles, resulting in disorder and disease development. Consequently, monitoring the microenvironment within specific organelles is vital to understand organelle-related physiopathology. Over the past few years, many fluorescent probes have been developed to help reveal variations in the microenvironment within specific cellular regions. Given that a comprehensive understanding of the microenvironment in a particular cellular region is of great significance for further exploration of life events, a thorough summary of this topic is urgently required. However, there has not been a comprehensive and critical review published recently on small-molecule fluorescent chemosensors for the cellular microenvironment. With this review, we summarize the recent progress since 2015 towards small-molecule based fluorescent probes for imaging the microenvironment within specific cellular regions, including the mitochondria, lysosomes, lipid drops, endoplasmic reticulum, golgi, nucleus, cytoplasmic matrix and cell membrane. Further classifications at the suborganelle level, according to detection of microenvironmental factors by probes, including polarity, viscosity, temperature, pH and hypoxia, are presented. Notably, in each category, design principles, chemical synthesis, recognition mechanism, fluorescent signals, and bio-imaging applications are summarized and compared. In addition, the limitations of the current microenvironment-sensitive probes are analyzed and the prospects for future developments are outlined. In a nutshell, this review comprehensively summarizes and highlights recent progress towards small molecule based fluorescent probes for sensing and imaging the microenvironment within specific cellular regions since 2015. We anticipate that this summary will facilitate a deeper understanding of the topic and encourage research directed towards the development of probes for the detection of cellular microenvironments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junling Yin
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250000, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Ling Huang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Materials, Institute of Optical Materials and Chemical Biology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530004, People's Republic of China.
| | - Luling Wu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Bath, BA2 7AY, UK.
| | - Jiangfeng Li
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Materials, Institute of Optical Materials and Chemical Biology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530004, People's Republic of China.
| | - Tony D James
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Bath, BA2 7AY, UK. .,School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, People's Republic of China
| | - Weiying Lin
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Materials, Institute of Optical Materials and Chemical Biology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530004, People's Republic of China.
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5
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β-Naphthothiazolium-based ratiometric fluorescent probe with ideal pKa for pH imaging in mitochondria of living cells. Talanta 2021; 232:122475. [PMID: 34074443 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2021.122475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2021] [Revised: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The weakly alkaline microenvironment (pH ~8.0) in mitochondria plays a vital role in maintaining its morphology and function. Thus monitoring mitochondrial pH (pHmito) is of great significance. Herein, a ratiometric fluorescent probe (ENBT) for pHmito imaging in mitochondria of living cells is reported. pH variation closely correlates to intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) from naphthol to β-naphthothiazolium. ENBT exhibits a remarkable decrease on ratiometric fluorescence at λem1/λem2 = F595/F700 in response to pH variation within 6.30-9.29. In addition, ENBT has an ideal pKa value of 7.94 ± 0.08, which is advantageous in accurate sensing of pHmito. Moreover, ENBT has a Stokes shift of >150 nm, which effectively eliminates the potential interference from the excitation irradiation. ENBT shows excellent capability for specific staining of mitochondria with low cytotoxicity, which is most suitable for pHmito imaging in live cells. The probe was applied for monitoring pHmito variation in mitochondria of live cells caused by H2O2, NAC (N-Acetyl-l-cysteine), NH4Cl, carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenyl hydrazone (CCCP) and lactate/pyruvate. The morphological alterations of mitochondria in living cells after treatment by CCCP were further evaluated.
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6
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Rhodamine B-based chemiluminescence sensor for aluminum ion monitoring and bioimaging applications. Tetrahedron 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2021.132054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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7
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Liu S, Bu L, Zhang Y, Yan J, Li L, Li G, Song Z, Huang J. Subtle Structural Changes of Dyes Lead to Distinctly Different Fluorescent Behaviors in Cellular Context: The Role of G-Quadruplex DNA Interaction Using Coumarin-Quinazolinone Conjugates as a Case Study. Anal Chem 2021; 93:5267-5276. [PMID: 33724782 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c00301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Fluorogenic organic materials have gained tremendous attention due to their unique properties. However, only a few of them are suitable for bioimaging. Their different behaviors in organic and cellular environments hinder their application in bioimaging. Thus understanding the photoluminescent behaviors of organic materials in a cellular context is particularly important for their rational design. Herein, we describe two coumarin-quinazolinone conjugates: CQ and MeCQ. The high structure similarity makes them possess similar physical and photophysical properties, including bright fluorescence ascribed to the monomer forms in organic solvents and aggregation-caused quenching (ACQ) effect due to self-assembly aggregation in aqueous solution. However, they behave quite differently in cellular context: that is, CQ exhibits bright fluorescence in living cells, while the fluorescence of MeCQ is almost undetectable. The different performance between CQ and MeCQ in living cells is attributed to their different scenario in G-quadruplex (G4) DNA interaction. CQ selectively binds with G4 DNA to recover its fluorescence via aggregation-disaggregation switching in living cells, while MeCQ remained in the aggregate form due to its poor interplay with G4 DNA. Furthermore, CQ is applied as a two-photon fluorescent dye, and its photoswitchable fluorescence capability is exploited for super-resolution imaging of the specific mitochondrial structure in living cells via the STORM technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Liu
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Nanomedicine (ICBN), State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, Hunan, P. R. China.,Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomacromolecular Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, Hunan, P. R. China
| | - Lingli Bu
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Nanomedicine (ICBN), State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, Hunan, P. R. China.,Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomacromolecular Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, Hunan, P. R. China
| | - Yuming Zhang
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Nanomedicine (ICBN), State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, Hunan, P. R. China
| | - Jiangyu Yan
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Nanomedicine (ICBN), State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, Hunan, P. R. China
| | - Ling Li
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Nanomedicine (ICBN), State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, Hunan, P. R. China.,Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomacromolecular Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, Hunan, P. R. China
| | - Guorui Li
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Nanomedicine (ICBN), State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, Hunan, P. R. China
| | - Zhibin Song
- Key Laboratory of Functional Small Organic Molecules, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, Jiangxi, P.R. China
| | - Jing Huang
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Nanomedicine (ICBN), State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, Hunan, P. R. China.,Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomacromolecular Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, Hunan, P. R. China
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8
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Koga N, Tanioka M, Kamino S, Sawada D. Morpholine-Substituted Rhodamine Analogue with Multi-Configurational Switches for Optical Sensing of pH Gradient under Extreme Acidic Environments. Chemistry 2021; 27:3761-3765. [PMID: 33205525 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202004254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2020] [Revised: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Superior pH-responsive molecules are required for the development of functional materials applicable to advanced molecular technologies. Despite having been widely developed, many rhodamine-based pH-responsive molecules exhibit a single configurational switch for "turn-on". Herein, we report a new type of rhodamine-based pH-responsive molecule with multi-configurational switches displaying stable two-step structural and color conversion in response to pH. This rhodamine analogue could be successfully applied to optical sensing of pH gradient under extreme acidic environments both in solution and on hydrogel through high-contrast color change. We demonstrated that this multi-responsive character enabled optical memory of different pH information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natsumi Koga
- Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 1-1-1 Tsushimanaka, Kita-ku, Okayama-shi, Okayama, 700-8530, Japan
| | - Masaru Tanioka
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Aichi Gakuin University, 1-100 Kusumoto-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, 464-8650, Japan
| | - Shinichiro Kamino
- Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 1-1-1 Tsushimanaka, Kita-ku, Okayama-shi, Okayama, 700-8530, Japan.,School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Aichi Gakuin University, 1-100 Kusumoto-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, 464-8650, Japan
| | - Daisuke Sawada
- Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 1-1-1 Tsushimanaka, Kita-ku, Okayama-shi, Okayama, 700-8530, Japan
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9
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Hoenke S, Serbian I, Deigner HP, Csuk R. Mitocanic Di- and Triterpenoid Rhodamine B Conjugates. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25225443. [PMID: 33233650 PMCID: PMC7699795 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25225443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Revised: 11/15/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The combination of the “correct” triterpenoid, the “correct” spacer and rhodamine B (RhoB) seems to be decisive for the ability of the conjugate to accumulate in mitochondria. So far, several triterpenoid rhodamine B conjugates have been prepared and screened for their cytotoxic activity. To obtain cytotoxic compounds with EC50 values in a low nano-molar range combined with good tumor/non-tumor selectivity, the Rho B unit has to be attached via an amine spacer to the terpenoid skeleton. To avoid spirolactamization, secondary amines have to be used. First results indicate that a homopiperazinyl spacer is superior to a piperazinyl spacer. Hybrids derived from maslinic acid or tormentic acid are superior to those from oleanolic, ursolic, glycyrrhetinic or euscaphic acid. Thus, a tormentic acid-derived RhoB conjugate 32, holding a homopiperazinyl spacer can be regarded, at present, as the most promising candidate for further biological studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Hoenke
- Organic Chemistry, Martin-Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Kurt-Mothes Street 2, D-06120 Halle, Germany; (S.H.); (I.S.)
| | - Immo Serbian
- Organic Chemistry, Martin-Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Kurt-Mothes Street 2, D-06120 Halle, Germany; (S.H.); (I.S.)
| | - Hans-Peter Deigner
- Medical and Life Science Faculty, Institute of Precision Medicine, Furtwangen University, Jakob–Kienzle–Street 17, D-78054 Villigen–Schwenningen, Germany;
| | - René Csuk
- Organic Chemistry, Martin-Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Kurt-Mothes Street 2, D-06120 Halle, Germany; (S.H.); (I.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-345-5525660
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10
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Lin B, Fan L, Zhou Y, Ge J, Wang X, Dong C, Shuang S, Wong MS. A benzothiazolium-based fluorescent probe with ideal pK a for mitochondrial pH imaging and cancer cell differentiation. J Mater Chem B 2020; 8:10586-10592. [PMID: 33125023 DOI: 10.1039/d0tb01253j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
A mitochondrial pH sensing fluorescent probe namely 2-(2-(6-hydroxynaphthalen-2-yl)vinyl)-3-(6-(triphenyl-phosphonio)hexyl)benzothiazol-3-ium bromide (HTBT2) was designed and facilely synthesized via the Knoevenagel condensation reaction. HTBT2 displayed a linear fluorescence enhancement at 612 nm in response to pH changes between 8.70 and 7.20. The pKa value was determined to be 8.04 ± 0.02, which might be ideal for mitochondrial pH (pHmito∼8.0) detection. HTBT2 also exhibited a remarkable large Stokes shift of 176 nm, which could diminish the interference of excitation light. The results of live cell imaging studies suggested that HTBT2 showed excellent targeting ability for mitochondria. Importantly, it was successfully applied to visualize mitochondrial pH changes in live cells and differentiate the pHmito difference between cancer cell lines and normal cell lines. Our results consistently supported that HTBT2 held practical promise for the investigation of physiological processes related to pHmito changes and clinical potential for cancer cell differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Lin
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, China.
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11
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Ester and amide derivatives of rhodamine B exert cytotoxic effects on different human tumor cell lines. Med Chem Res 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-020-02591-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
AbstractThree esters of rhodamine B (1–3) differing in their alkyl chain lengths as well as several rhodamine B amides (4–9) were synthesized in good yields and tested for their cytotoxicity in SRB assays employing several human tumor cell lines. The rhodamine B esters were unselective but showed cytotoxicity of as low as EC50 = 0.15 ± 0.02 µM. The rhodamine B amides were slightly less cytotoxic but showed good selectivity against MCF-7 and A2780 tumor cell lines. Especially a morpholinyl derivative 4 was ~20 time more cytotoxic for MCF-7 than for nonmalignant NIH 3T3 cells.
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12
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Lessi M, Lucci A, Cuzzola A, Bellina F. Imidazo-Fused Isoindoles by Pd(II)/Ag(I)-Promoted Intramolecular Dehydrogenative Coupling. European J Org Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201901618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Marco Lessi
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale; Università di Pisa; Via Moruzzi 13 56124 Pisa Italy
| | - Antonio Lucci
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale; Università di Pisa; Via Moruzzi 13 56124 Pisa Italy
| | - Angela Cuzzola
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale; Università di Pisa; Via Moruzzi 13 56124 Pisa Italy
| | - Fabio Bellina
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale; Università di Pisa; Via Moruzzi 13 56124 Pisa Italy
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13
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Zhang X, Sun Q, Huang Z, Huang L, Xiao Y. Immobilizable fluorescent probes for monitoring the mitochondria microenvironment: a next step from the classic. J Mater Chem B 2019; 7:2749-2758. [PMID: 32255076 DOI: 10.1039/c9tb00043g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Immobilizable probes represent a valuable trend.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinfu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology
- Dalian 116024
- China
| | - Qin Sun
- Affiliated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southwest Medical University
- Luzhou 646000
- China
| | - Zhenlong Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology
- Dalian 116024
- China
| | - Lirong Huang
- Affiliated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southwest Medical University
- Luzhou 646000
- China
| | - Yi Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology
- Dalian 116024
- China
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14
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Ge J, Zhang K, Fan L, Wang X, Zhang C, Dong C, Wong MS, Shuang S. Novel long-wavelength emissive lysosome-targeting ratiometric fluorescent probes for imaging in live cells. Analyst 2019; 144:4288-4294. [DOI: 10.1039/c9an00697d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Lysosomes are acidic organelles containing many hydrolytic enzymes responsible for degrading macromolecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinyin Ge
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Institute of Environmental Science
- Shanxi University
- Taiyuan
- China
| | - Kai Zhang
- College of Preclinical Medicine
- Southwest Medical University
- Luzhou
- China
| | - Li Fan
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Institute of Environmental Science
- Shanxi University
- Taiyuan
- China
| | - Xiaodong Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Institute of Environmental Science
- Shanxi University
- Taiyuan
- China
| | - Caihong Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Institute of Environmental Science
- Shanxi University
- Taiyuan
- China
| | - Chuan Dong
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Institute of Environmental Science
- Shanxi University
- Taiyuan
- China
| | - Man Shing Wong
- Department of Chemistry and Institute of Advanced Materials
- Hong Kong Baptist University
- China
| | - Shaomin Shuang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Institute of Environmental Science
- Shanxi University
- Taiyuan
- China
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15
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Kumar V, Singh D, Paul AK, Shrivastava R, Singh V. ZnO-NP assisted synthesis of fluorescent β-carboline C-1 tethered benzimidazole/benzothiazole/benzoxazole derivatives and assessment of their photophysical properties. NEW J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9nj04256c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A facile transformation of 1-formyl β-carboline into fluorescent β-carboline C-1 tethered benzazole derivatives is described under the catalysis of ZnO nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vipin Kumar
- Department of Chemistry
- Dr B. R. Ambedkar National Institute of Technology (NIT)
- Jalandhar
- India
| | - Dharmender Singh
- Department of Chemistry
- Dr B. R. Ambedkar National Institute of Technology (NIT)
- Jalandhar
- India
| | - Avijit Kumar Paul
- Department of Chemistry
- National Institute of Technology (NIT)
- Kurukshetra
- India
| | | | - Virender Singh
- Department of Chemistry
- Dr B. R. Ambedkar National Institute of Technology (NIT)
- Jalandhar
- India
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