1
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Zhou M, Wu W, Pu H, Chen F, Yi C, Long Y. A drug-excipient interaction impurity of bromhexine hydrochloride injection: Structure and formation mechanism elucidation. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2024; 247:116256. [PMID: 38850847 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2024.116256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Revised: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024]
Abstract
A long-term stability study using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) revealed an unidentified impurity in the bromhexine hydrochloride injection, which was employed as a mucolytic agent. Investigations into stress degradation and elemental impurities revealed one of the elemental impurities Fe3+ in this injection as the primary generator of these impurities. This impurity, named N-carboxymethyl bromhexine, was a product formed during drug-excipient interaction between bromhexine and tartaric acid with Fe3+. The structure of the impurity was identified through ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography with diode array detector (UHPLC-DAD), liquid chromatograph mass spectrometer (LC-MS). Further, the formation mechanism of the impurity was discussed. Overall, this study elucidates the cause, origin, and mechanism of an unknown impurity in bromhexine hydrochloride injection, providing a basis for quality control for bromhexine hydrochloride injections and drug products containing both amine and tartaric acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Zhou
- Chengdu Organic Chemistry Co., LTD, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, PR China.
| | - Wei Wu
- Chengdu Sino-Strong Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Hong Pu
- Chengdu Giantech Hi-technology Development Corp., Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Feng Chen
- Chengdu Sino-Strong Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Chaofan Yi
- Chengdu Giantech Hi-technology Development Corp., Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Yuande Long
- Chengdu Organic Chemistry Co., LTD, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, PR China
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2
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Cao W, Lin Z, Zheng D, Zhang J, Heng W, Wei Y, Gao Y, Qian S. Metal-organic gels: recent advances in their classification, characterization, and application in the pharmaceutical field. J Mater Chem B 2023; 11:10566-10594. [PMID: 37916468 DOI: 10.1039/d3tb01612a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
Metal-organic gels (MOGs) are a type of functional soft substance with a three-dimensional (3D) network structure and solid-like rheological behavior, which are constructed by metal ions and bridging ligands formed under the driving force of coordination interactions or other non-covalent interactions. As the homologous substances of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and gels, they exhibit the potential advantages of high porosity, flexible structure, and adjustable mechanical properties, causing them to attract extensive research interest in the pharmaceutical field. For instance, MOGs are often used as excellent vehicles for intelligent drug delivery and programmable drug release to improve the clinical curative effect with reduced side effects. Also, MOGs are often applied as advanced biomedical materials for the repair and treatment of pathological tissue and sensitive detection of drugs or other molecules. However, despite the vigorous research on MOGs in recent years, there is no systematic summary of their applications in the pharmaceutical field to date. The present review systematically summarize the recent research progress on MOGs in the pharmaceutical field, including drug delivery systems, drug detection, pharmaceutical materials, and disease therapies. In addition, the formation principles and classification of MOGs are complemented and refined, and the techniques for the characterization of the structures/properties of MOGs are overviewed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Cao
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, P. R. China.
| | - Zezhi Lin
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, P. R. China.
| | - Daoyi Zheng
- School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, P. R. China
| | - Jianjun Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, P. R. China
| | - Weili Heng
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, P. R. China.
| | - Yuanfeng Wei
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, P. R. China.
| | - Yuan Gao
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, P. R. China.
| | - Shuai Qian
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, P. R. China.
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3
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Liu G, Li S, Shi C, Huo M, Lin Y. Progress in Research and Application of Metal-Organic Gels: A Review. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:1178. [PMID: 37049272 PMCID: PMC10096755 DOI: 10.3390/nano13071178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, metal-organic gels (MOGs) have attracted much attention due to their hierarchical porous structure, large specific surface area, and good surface modifiability. Compared with MOFs, the synthesis conditions of MOGs are gentler and more stable. At present, MOGs are widely used in the fields of catalysis, adsorption, energy storage, electrochromic devices, sensing, analysis, and detection. In this paper, literature metrology and knowledge graph visualization analysis are adopted to analyze and summarize the literature data in the field of MOGs. The visualization maps of the temporal distribution, spatial distribution, authors and institutions' distribution, influence of highly cited literature and journals, keyword clustering, and research trends are helpful to clearly grasp the content and development trend of MOG materials research, point out the future research direction for scholars, and promote the practical application of MOGs. At the same time, the paper reviews the research and application progress of MOGs in recent years by combining keyword clustering, time lines, and emergence maps, and looks forward to their challenges, future development trend, and application prospects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gen Liu
- School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130117, China
- Engineering Lab for Water Pollution Control and Resources Recovery, School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130117, China
| | - Siwen Li
- School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130117, China
- Engineering Lab for Water Pollution Control and Resources Recovery, School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130117, China
| | - Chunyan Shi
- Faculty of Environmental Engineering, The University of Kitakyushu, Kitakyushu 808-0135, Japan
| | - Mingxin Huo
- School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130117, China
- Engineering Lab for Water Pollution Control and Resources Recovery, School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130117, China
| | - Yingzi Lin
- School of Municipal & Environmental Engineering, Jilin Jianzhu University, Changchun 130118, China
- Key Laboratory of Songliao Aquatic Environment, Ministry of Education, Jilin Jianzhu University, Changchun 130118, China
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4
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Wang HS, Wang XY, Ding HT, Hu XY, Li J, Cheng C, Zheng F. Oral Metal-Organic Gel Protected Whole-Cell Biosensor for in Situ Monitoring Nitrosamines in the Gastrointestinal Tract. NANO LETTERS 2022; 22:8688-8694. [PMID: 36264028 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c03418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Nitrite, a type of food additive, has been proved convertible to genotoxic nitrosamines in the gastrointestinal tract by intestinal flora. There is no appropriate method for in situ detection of nitrosamines. Herein, plasmid-introduced Saccharomyces cerevisiae, which can respond to nitrosamine-induced DNA damage and activate pMAG1-based DNA damage repair (DDR), was designed as whole-cell biosensors (WCBs) for monitoring the in situ generated nitrosamines by a reporter gene expressing enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP). In order to protect the validity of WCBs (pMAG1 yeast) from the gastric acid environment, a type of metal-organic gel (MOG), coordinated by Fe3+ and 2,2'-thiodiacetic acid (TDA), was prepared to embed the WCBs. The MOG(Fe-TDA) is gastric acid resistant and can deliver the pMAG1 yeast to the gut without compromising the performance of pMAG1 yeast to detect in situ generated nitrosamines. The genotoxicity of nitrosamines converted from nitrite was successfully detected in the gastrointestinal tract of mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huai-Song Wang
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (Ministry of Education), China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Xing-Yu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (Ministry of Education), China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Hao-Tian Ding
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (Ministry of Education), China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Xin-Yuan Hu
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (Ministry of Education), China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Jie Li
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (Ministry of Education), China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Chen Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (Ministry of Education), China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Feng Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (Ministry of Education), China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
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5
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Garai A, Goswami A, Biradha K. In situ conversion of a MOG to a crystalline MOF: a case study on solvent-dependent gelation and crystallization. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:11414-11417. [PMID: 36131685 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc04724a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we report in situ transformation of a metal-organic gel (MOG) to a crystalline metal-organic framework (MOF) and solvent-dependent gelation/crystallization via solvothermal reactions of a tetracarboxylic acid, namely 4,4'-dinitro-2,2',6,6'-tetracarboxybiphenyl, and ZnSO4. The results provide structural insights into MOGs at the molecular level and also help in the synthesis of crystalline MOFs that are otherwise difficult to obtain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhijit Garai
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur-721302, India.
| | - Anindita Goswami
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur-721302, India.
| | - Kumar Biradha
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur-721302, India.
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6
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Dhibar S, Ojha SK, Mohan A, Prabhakaran SPC, Bhattacharjee S, Karmakar K, Karmakar P, Predeep P, Ojha AK, Saha B. A multistimulus-responsive self-healable supramolecular copper( ii)-metallogel derived from l-(+) tartaric acid: an efficient Schottky barrier diode. NEW J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2nj03086a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
A low molecular weight gelator l-(+) tartaric acid- based self-healing supramolecular Cu(ii)-metallogel offers an electronic device of Schottky barrier diode at room temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subhendu Dhibar
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Burdwan, Golapbag, Burdwan-713104, West Bengal, India
| | - Saurav Kumar Ojha
- Department of Physics, Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology Allahabad, Prayagraj-211004, India
| | - Aiswarya Mohan
- Laboratory for Molecular Photonics and Electronics, Department of Physics, National Institute of Technology Calicut, Kozhikode-673603, Kerala, India
| | | | - Subham Bhattacharjee
- Department of Chemistry, Kazi Nazrul University, Asansol-713303, West Bengal, India
| | - Kripasindhu Karmakar
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Burdwan, Golapbag, Burdwan-713104, West Bengal, India
| | - Priya Karmakar
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Burdwan, Golapbag, Burdwan-713104, West Bengal, India
| | - Padmanabhan Predeep
- Laboratory for Molecular Photonics and Electronics, Department of Physics, National Institute of Technology Calicut, Kozhikode-673603, Kerala, India
| | - Animesh Kumar Ojha
- Department of Physics, Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology Allahabad, Prayagraj-211004, India
| | - Bidyut Saha
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Burdwan, Golapbag, Burdwan-713104, West Bengal, India
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Choudhary P, Gaur R, Rambabu D, Dhir A, Gupta A, Pooja. Copper Metallogel as Potential Drug Carrier for Anti‐Inflammatory Drugs. ChemistrySelect 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202102490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ruchi Gaur
- Solid State and Structural Chemistry Unit Indian Institute of Science Bangalore 560012
| | - Darsi Rambabu
- Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences Université Catholique de Louvain 1348 Louvain-la-Neuve Belgium
| | - Abhimanew Dhir
- Solid State and Structural Chemistry Unit Indian Institute of Science Bangalore 560012
| | - Ankush Gupta
- Department of Chemistry DAV University Jalandhar Punjab India
| | - Pooja
- Post Graduate Department of Chemistry DAV College Jalandhar Punjab 144008
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Huo Y, He Z, Wang C, Zhang L, Xuan Q, Wei S, Wang Y, Pan D, Dong B, Wei R, Naik N, Guo Z. The recent progress of synergistic supramolecular polymers: preparation, properties and applications. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:1413-1429. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cc07247h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Interactions for forming supramolecular polymers were reviewed together with their unique properties and applications with detailed examples.
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