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Kaushik R, Nehra N, Novakova V, Zimcik P. Near-Infrared Probes for Biothiols (Cysteine, Homocysteine, and Glutathione): A Comprehensive Review. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:98-126. [PMID: 36643462 PMCID: PMC9835641 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c06218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Biothiols (cysteine, homocysteine, and glutathione) are an important class of compounds with a free thiol group. These biothiols plays an important role in several metabolic processes in living bodies when present in optimum concentration. Researchers have developed several probes for the detection and quantification of biothiols that can absorb in UV, visible, and near-infrared (NIR) regions of the electromagnetic spectrum. Among them, NIR organic probes have attracted significant attention due to their application in in vivo and in vitro imaging. In this review, we have summarized probes for these biothiols, which could work in the NIR region, and discussed their sensing mechanism and potential applications. Along with focusing on the pros and cons of the reported probes we have classified them according to the fluorophore used and summarized their photophysical and sensing properties (emission, response time, limit of detection).
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Kaushik
- Chemical
Oceanography Division, CSIR National Institute
of Oceanography, Dona Paula 403004, Goa, India
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Univerzita Karlova v Praze Farmaceuticka fakulta v
Hradci Kralove, Akademika Heyrovského 1203, Hradec
Králové 50005, Czech Republic
| | - Nidhi Nehra
- School
of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association
for the Cultivation of Science, 2A&2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Veronika Novakova
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Univerzita Karlova v Praze Farmaceuticka fakulta v
Hradci Kralove, Akademika Heyrovského 1203, Hradec
Králové 50005, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Zimcik
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Univerzita Karlova v Praze Farmaceuticka fakulta v
Hradci Kralove, Akademika Heyrovského 1203, Hradec
Králové 50005, Czech Republic
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Dong J, Lu G, Tu Y, Fan C. Recent Research Progress of Red-Emitting/Near-Infrared Fluorescent Probes for Biothiols. NEW J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1nj06244a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Small-molecule biological thiols, including cysteine (Cys), homocysteine (Hcy) and glutathione (GSH), occupy a vital position in physiological and pathological activities. Abnormal fluctuations of their concentrations are often closely connected with...
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Qi S, Zhang H, Wang X, Lv J, Liu D, Shen W, Li Y, Du J, Yang Q. Development of a NIR fluorescent probe for highly selective and sensitive detection of cysteine in living cells and in vivo. Talanta 2021; 234:122685. [PMID: 34364484 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2021.122685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2021] [Revised: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cysteine (Cys) plays important physiological roles in the human body, and abnormal Cys concentrations can cause a variety of diseases. Thus, detecting Cys with high selectivity and sensitivity in vivo is important. Near-infrared (NIR) fluorescent probes are widely employed in biological detection because of their excellent optical properties such as minimal damage to biological samples, low background interference and high signal-to-noise ratio. However, few NIR fluorescent probes that can detect Cys over homocysteine (Hcy) and glutathione (GSH) have been reported because of their similar reactivity and structure. In this work, a highly water-soluble NIR probe (CYNA) for detecting Cys whose structure is similar to that of indocyanine green and is based on cyanine skeleton was synthesized and via aromatic nucleophilic substitution-rearrangement (SNAr-rearrangement) to specific recognize the cysteine. The probe showed high selectivity toward Cys and superior biosecurity, excellent biocompatibility and prolonged dynamic imaging. It also has long fluorescence emission wavelength (820 nm), low detection limit (14 nM) and was successfully applied for visualizing Cys in living cells and mice, which has great promise for applications in noninvasive vivo biological imaging and detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaolong Qi
- China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130031, China; Key Laboratory of Lymphatic Surgery Jilin Province, Engineering Laboratory of Lymphatic Surgery Jilin Province, Changchun, 130031, China
| | - Haiyan Zhang
- China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130031, China; Key Laboratory of Lymphatic Surgery Jilin Province, Engineering Laboratory of Lymphatic Surgery Jilin Province, Changchun, 130031, China
| | - Xinyu Wang
- China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130031, China; Key Laboratory of Lymphatic Surgery Jilin Province, Engineering Laboratory of Lymphatic Surgery Jilin Province, Changchun, 130031, China
| | - Jialin Lv
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Dahai Liu
- China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130031, China; Key Laboratory of Lymphatic Surgery Jilin Province, Engineering Laboratory of Lymphatic Surgery Jilin Province, Changchun, 130031, China
| | - Wenbin Shen
- Department of Lymphsurgery, Capital Medical University Affiliated Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Beijing, 100038, China
| | - Yaoxian Li
- College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Jianshi Du
- China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130031, China; Key Laboratory of Lymphatic Surgery Jilin Province, Engineering Laboratory of Lymphatic Surgery Jilin Province, Changchun, 130031, China.
| | - Qingbiao Yang
- College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China; Key Laboratory of Lymphatic Surgery Jilin Province, Engineering Laboratory of Lymphatic Surgery Jilin Province, Changchun, 130031, China.
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Zhou Z, Tang H, Chen S, Huang Y, Zhu X, Li H, Zhang Y, Yao S. A turn-on red-emitting fluorescent probe for determination of copper(II) ions in food samples and living zebrafish. Food Chem 2020; 343:128513. [PMID: 33158680 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.128513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Revised: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we developed a turn-on red-emitting fluorescent probe for the sensitive and selective detection of copper ions (Cu2+) in food samples and living zebrafish. The probe employs a hemicyanine scaffold as the fluorophore and a 2-pyridinecarbonyl group as the recognition receptor and quenching moiety. The 2-pyridinecarbonyl moiety can be specifically cleaved by Cu2+ and results in an approximately 18-fold fluorescence enhancement of the probe, thereby providing a fluorescence turn-on assay for Cu2+. Additionally, the probe exhibited excellent selectivity, high sensitivity, a broad linear relationship (0.020 to 8.0 μM), and a low limit of detection (4.0 nM, S/N = 3) for Cu2+. Concomitantly, the probe exhibited satisfactory analytical performance when used with actual food samples. Moreover, the probe could be used for in situ determination of Cu2+ in both living plant tissues and in living zebrafish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zile Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, PR China
| | - Huihui Tang
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, PR China
| | - Shengyou Chen
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, PR China
| | - Yinghui Huang
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, PR China
| | - Xiaohua Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, PR China.
| | - Haitao Li
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, PR China.
| | - Youyu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, PR China
| | - Shouzhuo Yao
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, PR China
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Nehra N, Kaushik R, Vikas D G, Tittal RK. Simpler molecular structure as selective & sensitive ESIPT-based fluorescent probe for cysteine and Homocysteine detection with DFT studies. J Mol Struct 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2020.127839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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A novel target and pH dual-activatable fluorescent probe for precisely detecting hypochlorite in lysosomes. Anal Chim Acta 2020; 1094:122-129. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2019.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2019] [Revised: 09/26/2019] [Accepted: 10/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Qian M, Zhang L, Wang J. A NIR fluorescent sensor for biothiols based on a dicyanoisophorone derivative with a large Stokes shift and high quantum yield. NEW J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9nj01643k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Probe N-Bio exhibited rapid response, high sensitivity and strong NIR fluorescence in the detection of biothiols in living cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology
- Dalian
- P. R. China
- School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology
- Dalian
| | - Liuwei Zhang
- School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology
- Dalian
- P. R. China
| | - Jingyun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology
- Dalian
- P. R. China
- School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology
- Dalian
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Qi S, Zhu L, Wang X, Du J, Yang Q, Li Y. Near-infrared turn-on fluorescent probe for discriminative detection of Cys and application in in vivo imaging. RSC Adv 2019; 9:41431-41437. [PMID: 35541628 PMCID: PMC9076481 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra08555f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2019] [Accepted: 12/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Near-infrared (NIR) fluorescent probes are widely employed in biological detection because of their lower damage to biological samples, low background interference, and high signal-to-noise ratio. Herein, a highly water-soluble NIR probe (NIRHA) based on a hemicyanine skeleton and bearing an acrylate moiety was synthesized. The probe showed high selectivity toward cysteine (Cys) over homocysteine (Hcy) and glutathione (GSH). The probe also had low cytotoxicity and was successfully applied in HeLa cells and mouse experiments. Results of bioimaging experiments indicated that the probe was effective for visualizing endogenous Cys in vitro and in vivo. Near-infrared (NIR) fluorescent probes are widely employed in biological detection because of their lower damage to biological samples, low background interference, and high signal-to-noise ratio.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaolong Qi
- China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University
- Key Laboratory of Lymphatic Surgery Jilin Province
- Engineering Laboratory of Lymphatic Surgery Jilin Province
- Changchun 130031
- P. R. China
| | - Lubao Zhu
- College of Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Changchun
- China
| | - Xinyu Wang
- China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University
- Key Laboratory of Lymphatic Surgery Jilin Province
- Engineering Laboratory of Lymphatic Surgery Jilin Province
- Changchun 130031
- P. R. China
| | - Jianshi Du
- China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University
- Key Laboratory of Lymphatic Surgery Jilin Province
- Engineering Laboratory of Lymphatic Surgery Jilin Province
- Changchun 130031
- P. R. China
| | | | - Yaoxian Li
- College of Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Changchun
- China
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