1
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Rezvanian A, Esfandsar Z. Pyrazole-promoted synthesis of pyrrolo[3,4-c] quinoline-1,3-diones in a novel diketene-based reaction. Front Chem 2023; 11:1219986. [PMID: 37822773 PMCID: PMC10562593 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2023.1219986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
We describe the first classic example of green synthesis of pyrrolo[3,4-c]quinolones scaffolds by catalyst-free unusual reaction of diketene, isatin, and primary amines in ethanol in the presence of pyrazole as a promoter for 4 h. The whole structure of the new product was confirmed by X-ray analysis. The overall transformation involves the cleavage and generation of multiple carbon-nitrogen and carbon-carbon bonds. This report represents a simple and straightforward approach for the synthesis of pyrrolo[3,4-c]quinoline-1,3-diones, which has significant advantages like readily available precursors, non-use of toxic solvent, operational simplicity, mild conditions, good atom economy, and excellent yields; therefore it provides a green and sustainable strategy for access to a range of interesting N-containing heterocyclic compounds in medicinal and organic chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atieh Rezvanian
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Alzahra University, Tehran, Iran
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2
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Hu J, Wang S, Li B, Lei A. K 2S 2O 8-Induced [4+2] Annulation of Tertiary Anilines and Alkenes toward Tetrahydroquinolines. Org Lett 2023. [PMID: 36866524 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c04335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
Due to the unique physicochemical properties of heterocyclic compounds, their construction is one of the central issues in synthetic chemistry. Here, we report a K2S2O8-induced protocol for constructing tetrahydroquinolines from bulk chemicals (alkenes and anilines). The merit of this method has been demonstrated by its operational simplicity, wide scope, mild conditions, and transition-metal-free system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianguo Hu
- National Research Center for Carbohydrate Synthesis, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, Jiangxi, P. R. China.,Academician Workstation, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, Jiangxi, P. R. China
| | - Shengchun Wang
- The Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS) and College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Bin Li
- Academician Workstation, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, Jiangxi, P. R. China
| | - Aiwen Lei
- National Research Center for Carbohydrate Synthesis, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, Jiangxi, P. R. China.,The Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS) and College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, Hubei, P. R. China
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3
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Chniti S, Kollár L, Bényei A, Dörnyei Á, Takács A. Highly Chemoselective One‐Step Synthesis of Novel
N
‐Substituted‐Pyrrolo[3,4‐b]quinoline‐1,3‐diones via Palladium‐Catalyzed Aminocarbonylation/Carbonylative Cyclisation Sequence. European J Org Chem 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202201374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sami Chniti
- Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry Faculty of Sciences University of Pécs Ifjúság útja 6. 7624 Pécs Hungary
| | - László Kollár
- Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry Faculty of Sciences University of Pécs Ifjúság útja 6. 7624 Pécs Hungary
- János Szentágothai Research Centre University of Pécs Ifjúság útja 20. 7624 Pécs Hungary
- ELKH-PTE Research Group for Selective Chemical Syntheses Ifjúság útja 6. 7624 Pécs Hungary
| | - Attila Bényei
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry University of Debrecen Egyetem tér 1. H-4032 Pécs Hungary
| | - Ágnes Dörnyei
- Department of Analytical and Environmental Chemistry Faculty of Sciences University of Pécs Ifjúság útja 6. 7624 Pécs Hungary
| | - Attila Takács
- Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry Faculty of Sciences University of Pécs Ifjúság útja 6. 7624 Pécs Hungary
- János Szentágothai Research Centre University of Pécs Ifjúság útja 20. 7624 Pécs Hungary
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4
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Runemark A, Sundén H. Overcoming Back Electron Transfer in the Electron Donor-Acceptor Complex-Mediated Visible Light-Driven Generation of α-Aminoalkyl Radicals from Secondary Anilines. J Org Chem 2023; 88:462-474. [PMID: 36479960 PMCID: PMC9830629 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c02448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
An additive-free, visible light-driven annulation between N-aryl amino acids and maleimide to form tetrahydroquinolines (THQs) is disclosed. Photochemical activation of an electron donor-acceptor (EDA) complex between amino acids and maleimides drives the reaction, and aerobic oxygen acts as the terminal oxidant in the net oxidative process. A range of N-aryl amino acids and maleimides have been investigated as substrates to furnish the target THQ in good to excellent yield. Mechanistic investigations, including titration and UV-vis studies, demonstrate the key role of the EDA complex as the photoactive species.
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Affiliation(s)
- August Runemark
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers
University of Technology, Kemivägen 10, Gothenburg 412 96, Sweden
| | - Henrik Sundén
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers
University of Technology, Kemivägen 10, Gothenburg 412 96, Sweden,Chemistry
and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, Kemivägen 10, Gothenburg 412 96, Sweden,
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5
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Annulation of N,N-dimethylanilines and maleimides catalyzed by reusable copper ferrite nanoparticles. Tetrahedron Lett 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2022.154108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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6
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Construction and stabilization of highly active Cu+ sites in layered double hydroxides for the cascade radical addition/cyclization reactions. MOLECULAR CATALYSIS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mcat.2022.112415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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7
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Barata‐Vallejo S, Yerien DE, Postigo A. Bioinspired Photocatalyzed Organic Synthetic Transformations. The Use of Natural Pigments and Vitamins in Photocatalysis. ChemCatChem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.202200623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sebastián Barata‐Vallejo
- Departamento de Ciencias Químicas Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica Universidad de Buenos Aires Junin 954 CP 1113- Buenos Aires Argentina
- Istituto per la Sintesis Organica e la Fotorreattivita, ISOF Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche Via P. Gobetti 101 40129 Bologna Italy
| | - Damian E. Yerien
- Departamento de Ciencias Químicas Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica Universidad de Buenos Aires Junin 954 CP 1113- Buenos Aires Argentina
| | - Al Postigo
- Departamento de Ciencias Químicas Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica Universidad de Buenos Aires Junin 954 CP 1113- Buenos Aires Argentina
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8
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Runemark A, Sundén H. Aerobic Oxidative EDA Catalysis: Synthesis of Tetrahydroquinolines Using an Organocatalytic EDA Active Acceptor. J Org Chem 2022; 87:1457-1469. [PMID: 35005960 PMCID: PMC8790759 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c02776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
A catalytic electron donor-acceptor (EDA) complex for the visible-light-driven annulation reaction between activated alkenes and N,N-substituted dialkyl anilines is reported. The key photoactive complex is formed in situ between dialkylated anilines as donors and 1,2-dibenzoylethylene as a catalytic acceptor. The catalytic acceptor is regenerated by aerobic oxidation. Investigations into the mechanism are provided, revealing a rare example of a catalytic acceptor in photoactive EDA complexes that can give access to selective functionalization of aromatic amines under mild photochemical conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- August Runemark
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers
University of Technology, Kemivägen 10, 412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Henrik Sundén
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers
University of Technology, Kemivägen 10, 412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
- Chemistry
and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, Kemivägen 10, 412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
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9
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Porphyrin covalent organic framework for photocatalytic synthesis of tetrahydroquinolines. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2022.01.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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10
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Sharma AK, Jaiswal A, Chand S, Singh KN. Domino Reaction of Isatins with
α
‐Oxoketene‐
N
,
S
‐acetals: An Efficient Synthesis of Pyrrolo[3,4‐
c
]quinoline‐1,3‐diones and 2,3‐Dihydro‐1
H
‐pyrrolo[3,4‐
c
]quinolin‐1‐ones. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.202100489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anup Kumar Sharma
- Department of Chemistry Institute of Science Banaras Hindu University Varanasi 221005 India
| | - Anjali Jaiswal
- Department of Chemistry Institute of Science Banaras Hindu University Varanasi 221005 India
| | - Shiv Chand
- Department of Chemistry Institute of Science Banaras Hindu University Varanasi 221005 India
| | - Krishna Nand Singh
- Department of Chemistry Institute of Science Banaras Hindu University Varanasi 221005 India
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11
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Zhou W, Tian X, Zhen Y, Wang A, He M, Sun S. Efficiently Constructing Tetrahydroquinolines through Cascade Radical Additions and Cyclizations under the Catalysis of Cu
I. ChemistrySelect 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202101928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Weiyou Zhou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology Changzhou University Changzhou 213164 P. R. China) (W. Zhou
| | - Xiaoting Tian
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology Changzhou University Changzhou 213164 P. R. China) (W. Zhou
| | - Yingxing Zhen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology Changzhou University Changzhou 213164 P. R. China) (W. Zhou
| | - Anwei Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology Changzhou University Changzhou 213164 P. R. China) (W. Zhou
| | - Mingyang He
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology Changzhou University Changzhou 213164 P. R. China) (W. Zhou
| | - Shixin Sun
- School of Chemical & Enviromental Engineering Yancheng Teachers University Yancheng 224002 P. R. China
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12
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Nikitas NF, Theodoropoulou MA, Kokotos CG. Photochemical Reaction of
N
,
N
‐Dimethylanilines with N‐Substituted Maleimides Utilizing Benzaldehyde as the Photoinitiator. European J Org Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202001593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Nikolaos F. Nikitas
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry Department of Chemistry National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Panepistimiopolis 15771 Athens Greece
| | - Maria A. Theodoropoulou
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry Department of Chemistry National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Panepistimiopolis 15771 Athens Greece
| | - Christoforos G. Kokotos
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry Department of Chemistry National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Panepistimiopolis 15771 Athens Greece
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13
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Sharma K, Neog K, Sharma A, Gogoi P. Pd(II)-Catalyzed oxidative alkenylation of 4-hydroxycoumarin with maleimide via a C-H bond activation strategy. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:6256-6266. [PMID: 34190290 DOI: 10.1039/d1ob00797a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
A Pd(ii)-catalyzed oxidative alkenylation of 4-hydroxycoumarins with maleimides for the synthesis of 4-hydroxy-3-maleimidecoumarins has been described. This methodology proceeds via C-H activation and C(sp2)-C(sp2) bond formation providing a series of alkenylated Heck-type products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kumud Sharma
- Applied Organic Chemistry Group, Chemical Science and Technology Division, CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology, Jorhat 785006, Assam, India. and Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Kashmiri Neog
- Applied Organic Chemistry Group, Chemical Science and Technology Division, CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology, Jorhat 785006, Assam, India. and Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Abhilash Sharma
- Applied Organic Chemistry Group, Chemical Science and Technology Division, CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology, Jorhat 785006, Assam, India. and Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Pranjal Gogoi
- Applied Organic Chemistry Group, Chemical Science and Technology Division, CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology, Jorhat 785006, Assam, India. and Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
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14
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Yuan JM, Li J, Zhou H, Xu J, Zhu F, Liang Q, Liu Z, Huang G, Huang J. Synthesis of 3-sulfonylquinolines by visible-light promoted metal-free cascade cycloaddition involving N-propargylanilines and sodium sulfinates. NEW J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/c9nj05248h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
A visible-light promoted radical cascade reaction of N-propargylanilines with sodium sulfinates as sulfonyl radical precursors was developed under metal-free conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Mei Yuan
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Polymer Chemistry and Physics
- College of Chemistry and Materials
- Nanning Normal University
- Nanning 530001
- China
| | - Jinnan Li
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Polymer Chemistry and Physics
- College of Chemistry and Materials
- Nanning Normal University
- Nanning 530001
- China
| | - Heyang Zhou
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Polymer Chemistry and Physics
- College of Chemistry and Materials
- Nanning Normal University
- Nanning 530001
- China
| | - Jiali Xu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Polymer Chemistry and Physics
- College of Chemistry and Materials
- Nanning Normal University
- Nanning 530001
- China
| | - Fengting Zhu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Polymer Chemistry and Physics
- College of Chemistry and Materials
- Nanning Normal University
- Nanning 530001
- China
| | - Qiuli Liang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Polymer Chemistry and Physics
- College of Chemistry and Materials
- Nanning Normal University
- Nanning 530001
- China
| | - Zhiping Liu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Polymer Chemistry and Physics
- College of Chemistry and Materials
- Nanning Normal University
- Nanning 530001
- China
| | - Guobao Huang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources Chemistry and Biotechnology
- College of Chemistry and Food Science
- Yulin Normal University
- Yulin 537000
- China
| | - Jun Huang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Polymer Chemistry and Physics
- College of Chemistry and Materials
- Nanning Normal University
- Nanning 530001
- China
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15
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Sharma K, Neog K, Gogoi P. Pd(II)-Catalyzed Oxidative Annulation via Double C–H Activations: Synthesis and Photophysical Properties of Bis-Coumarins. Org Lett 2019; 22:73-77. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b03932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kumud Sharma
- Applied Organic Chemistry Group, Chemical Science and Technology Division, CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology, Jorhat, Assam 785006, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-NEIST Campus, Jorhat, Assam 785006, India
| | - Kashmiri Neog
- Applied Organic Chemistry Group, Chemical Science and Technology Division, CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology, Jorhat, Assam 785006, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-NEIST Campus, Jorhat, Assam 785006, India
| | - Pranjal Gogoi
- Applied Organic Chemistry Group, Chemical Science and Technology Division, CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology, Jorhat, Assam 785006, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-NEIST Campus, Jorhat, Assam 785006, India
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16
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Li J, Bao W, Zhang Y, Rao Y. Cercosporin-photocatalyzed sp 3 (C-H) activation for the synthesis of pyrrolo[3,4-c]quinolones. Org Biomol Chem 2019; 17:8958-8962. [PMID: 31580376 DOI: 10.1039/c9ob01946d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
We reported a new method that visible light along with cercosporin, one of the naturally occurring perylenequinonoid pigments with excellent properties of photosensitization, photocatalyzed sp3 (C-H) activation for the synthesis of pyrrolo[3,4-c]quinolones through the annulation of anilines and maleimides under mild conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Li
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, P. R. China.
| | - Wenhao Bao
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, P. R. China.
| | - Yan Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, P. R. China.
| | - Yijian Rao
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, P. R. China.
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17
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Hwang JY, Ji AY, Lee SH, Kang EJ. Redox-Selective Iron Catalysis for α-Amino C-H Bond Functionalization via Aerobic Oxidation. Org Lett 2019; 22:16-21. [PMID: 31651180 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b03542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Single-electron oxidation and α-deprotonation of tertiary anilines using Fe(phen)3(PF6)3 afford α-aminoalkyl radicals, which can be coupled with electrophilic partners to afford various tetrahydroquinolines. Mechanistically, the Fe(phen)n2+/3+ catalytic cycle is maintained by O2 or a TBHP oxidant, and the presence of the oxygen bound iron complex, Fe(III)-OO(H), was elucidated by electron paramagnetic resonance and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. This redox-selective nonheme iron catalyst behaves similarly to bioinspired heme iron catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joon Young Hwang
- Department of Applied Chemistry , Kyung Hee University , Yongin 17104 , Korea
| | - A Young Ji
- Department of Applied Chemistry , Kyung Hee University , Yongin 17104 , Korea
| | - Sang Hyeok Lee
- Department of Applied Chemistry , Kyung Hee University , Yongin 17104 , Korea
| | - Eun Joo Kang
- Department of Applied Chemistry , Kyung Hee University , Yongin 17104 , Korea
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18
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Mao K, Dai L, Liu Y, Rong L. An Efficient Five‐Component Reaction for the Synthesis of 4,4′‐((2‐Oxoindoline‐3,3‐diyl)bis(methylene))bis(2‐aryl‐1
H
‐pyrrolo[3,4‐
c
]quinoline‐1,3(2
H
)‐dione) Derivatives. J Heterocycl Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.3592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kaimin Mao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Green Synthetic Chemistry for Functional Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials ScienceJiangsu Normal University Xuzhou Jiangsu 221116 People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Dai
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Green Synthetic Chemistry for Functional Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials ScienceJiangsu Normal University Xuzhou Jiangsu 221116 People's Republic of China
| | - Yun Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Green Synthetic Chemistry for Functional Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials ScienceJiangsu Normal University Xuzhou Jiangsu 221116 People's Republic of China
| | - Liangce Rong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Green Synthetic Chemistry for Functional Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials ScienceJiangsu Normal University Xuzhou Jiangsu 221116 People's Republic of China
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19
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Hloušková Z, Klikar M, Pytela O, Almonasy N, Růžička A, Jandová V, Bureš F. Structural elaboration of dicyanopyrazine: towards push–pull molecules with tailored photoredox activity. RSC Adv 2019; 9:23797-23809. [PMID: 35530614 PMCID: PMC9069489 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra04731j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
As an extension of the successful dicyanopyrazine photoredox catalysts, a series of X-shaped push–pull molecules with a systematically altered structure were designed and facilely synthesized; their structure–property relationship was elucidated in detail via experimental as well as theoretical calculations. Dicyanopyrazines are proven to be powerful photoredox catalysts with a push–pull arrangement that allows facile property tuning by interchanging a particular part of the D–π–A system. Changing the mutual position of the cyano acceptors and the methoxy, methylthio and thienyl donors as well as modifying the linker allowed wide tuning of the fundamental properties of the catalysts. Contrary to the currently available organic photoredox catalysts, we provided a series of catalysts based on a pyrazine heterocyclic scaffold with easy synthesis and further modification, diverse photoredox characteristics and wide application potential across modern photoredox transformations. The photoredox catalytic activities of the target catalysts were examined in a benchmark cross-dehydrogenative coupling and novel and challenging annulation reactions. X-shaped push–pull molecules based on dicyanopyrazine were designed, synthesized and experimentally/theoretically investigated. They proved to be tunable photoredox catalysts in selected chemical transformations.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuzana Hloušková
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Technology
- Faculty of Chemical Technology
- University of Pardubice
- Pardubice
- Czech Republic
| | - Milan Klikar
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Technology
- Faculty of Chemical Technology
- University of Pardubice
- Pardubice
- Czech Republic
| | - Oldřich Pytela
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Technology
- Faculty of Chemical Technology
- University of Pardubice
- Pardubice
- Czech Republic
| | - Numan Almonasy
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Technology
- Faculty of Chemical Technology
- University of Pardubice
- Pardubice
- Czech Republic
| | - Aleš Růžička
- Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry
- Faculty of Chemical Technology
- University of Pardubice
- Pardubice
- Czech Republic
| | - Veronika Jandová
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Technology
- Faculty of Chemical Technology
- University of Pardubice
- Pardubice
- Czech Republic
| | - Filip Bureš
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Technology
- Faculty of Chemical Technology
- University of Pardubice
- Pardubice
- Czech Republic
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