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Teli S, Teli P, Soni S, Sahiba N, Agarwal S. Synthetic aspects of 1,4- and 1,5-benzodiazepines using o-phenylenediamine: a study of past quinquennial. RSC Adv 2023; 13:3694-3714. [PMID: 36756601 PMCID: PMC9890949 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra06045k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Benzodiazepines, seven-membered heterocyclic compounds having two nitrogen atoms at different positions, are ruling scaffolds in the area of pharmaceutical industry. They act as cardinal moieties in organic synthesis as well as in medicinal chemistry. Among the different benzodiazepines, 1,4- and 1,5-benzodiazepines play a far-reaching role in the field of biological activities such as anticonvulsion, anti-anxiety, sedation, and hypnotics. In the past few decades, researchers have conducted a lot of work on these moieties and developed broad, valuable, and significant approaches for their synthesis. In this review article, we recapitulate the systematic synthetic strategies of 1,4- and 1,5-benzodiazepines using o-phenylenediamine as a precursor over the past five years (2018-2022). This article will be helpful for scientists and researchers to examine and explore novel and efficient methods for the synthesis of these biologically active moieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunita Teli
- Synthetic Organic Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, MLSU Udaipur-313001 Rajasthan India
| | - Pankaj Teli
- Synthetic Organic Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, MLSU Udaipur-313001 Rajasthan India
| | - Shivani Soni
- Synthetic Organic Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, MLSU Udaipur-313001 Rajasthan India
| | - Nusrat Sahiba
- Synthetic Organic Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, MLSU Udaipur-313001 Rajasthan India
| | - Shikha Agarwal
- Synthetic Organic Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, MLSU Udaipur-313001 Rajasthan India
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Soda AK, C S PK, Chilaka SK, E VK, Misra S, Madabhushi S. I 2/TBHP mediated domino synthesis of 2-(2,4-dioxo-1,4-dihydroquinazolin-3(2 H)-yl)- N-aryl/alkyl benzamides and evaluation of their anticancer and docking studies. RSC Adv 2022; 12:16589-16598. [PMID: 35754904 PMCID: PMC9169238 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra02216h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel I2/TBHP mediated domino synthesis of 2-(2,4-dioxo-1,4-dihydroquinazolin-3(2H)-yl)-N-phenyl benzamides by reaction of isatins with o-amino N-aryl/alkyl benzamides was described. This was the first application of o-amino N-aryl/alkyl benzamides participating in oxidative rearrangement with isatins for synthesis of desired products. The synthesized compounds contained amide and quinazoline units and their combination resulted in molecular hybridization of two important pharmacophores. In this study, the synthesized compounds 3a-r were screened for cytotoxicity against four cancer cell lines A549, DU145, B16-F10, and HepG2 and also non-cancerous cell line CHO-K1. The compounds 3c, 3l and 3o gave promising results. The in silico molecular docking studies (PDB ID 1N37) also validated the anticancer activity of these compounds showing good binding affinity with target DNA and by acting as DNA intercalators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anil Kumar Soda
- Fluoro-Agrochemicals Department, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology Hyderabad-500007 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Ghaziabad-201002 India
| | - Phani Krishna C S
- Fluoro-Agrochemicals Department, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology Hyderabad-500007 India
| | - Sai Krishna Chilaka
- Fluoro-Agrochemicals Department, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology Hyderabad-500007 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Ghaziabad-201002 India
| | - Vamshi Krishna E
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Ghaziabad-201002 India
- Applied Biology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology Hyderabad-500007 India
| | - Sunil Misra
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Ghaziabad-201002 India
- Applied Biology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology Hyderabad-500007 India
| | - Sridhar Madabhushi
- Fluoro-Agrochemicals Department, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology Hyderabad-500007 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Ghaziabad-201002 India
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Farhid H, Khodkari V, Nazeri MT, Javanbakht S, Shaabani A. Multicomponent reactions as a potent tool for the synthesis of benzodiazepines. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:3318-3358. [PMID: 33899847 DOI: 10.1039/d0ob02600j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Benzodiazepines (BZDs), a diverse class of benzofused seven-membered N-heterocycles, display essential pharmacological properties and play vital roles in some biochemical processes. They have mainly been prescribed as potential therapeutic agents, which interestingly represent various biological activities such as anticancer, anxiolytic, antipsychotic, anticonvulsant, antituberculosis, muscle relaxant, and antimicrobial activities. The extensive biological activities of BZDs in various fields have encouraged medicinal chemists to discover and design novel BZD-based scaffolds as potential therapeutic candidates with the favorite biological activity through an efficient protocol. Although certainly valuable and important, conventional synthetic routes to these bicyclic benzene compounds contain methodologies often requiring multistep procedures, which suffer from waste materials generation and lack of sustainability. By contrast, multicomponent reactions (MCRs) have recently advanced as a green synthetic strategy for synthesizing BZDs with the desired scope. In this regard, MCRs, especially Ugi and Ugi-type reactions, efficiently and conveniently supply various complex synthons, which can easily be converted to the BZDs via suitable post-transformations. Also, MCRs, especially Mannich-type reactions, provide speedy and economic approaches for the one-pot and one-step synthesis of BZDs. As a result, various functionalized-BZDs have been achieved by developing mild, efficient, and high-yielding MCR protocols. This review covers all aspects of the synthesis of BZDs with a particular focus on the MCRs as well as the mechanism chemistry of synthetic protocols. The present manuscript opens a new avenue for organic, medicinal, and industrial chemists to design safe, environmentally benign, and economical methods for the synthesis of new and known BZDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan Farhid
- Faculty of Chemistry, Shahid Beheshti University, G. C., P. O. Box 19396-4716, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Vida Khodkari
- Faculty of Chemistry, Shahid Beheshti University, G. C., P. O. Box 19396-4716, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Taghi Nazeri
- Faculty of Chemistry, Shahid Beheshti University, G. C., P. O. Box 19396-4716, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Siamak Javanbakht
- Faculty of Chemistry, Shahid Beheshti University, G. C., P. O. Box 19396-4716, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Ahmad Shaabani
- Faculty of Chemistry, Shahid Beheshti University, G. C., P. O. Box 19396-4716, Tehran, Iran. and Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 6, Miklukho-Maklaya Street, Moscow, 117198, Russian Federation
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Zhang K, Li J, Wang K, An X, Wang L. Atom‐economical Approaches to 1,5‐Benzodiazepines Containing Indole Ring via Fe
3
O
4
@SiO
2
‐PTSA‐catalyzed Multi‐component Domino Reactions. ChemistrySelect 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202003903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- KaiYue Zhang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecules College of Chemistry and Materials Science Hebei Normal University Shijiazhuang Hebei People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Li
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecules College of Chemistry and Materials Science Hebei Normal University Shijiazhuang Hebei People's Republic of China
| | - KaiXuan Wang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecules College of Chemistry and Materials Science Hebei Normal University Shijiazhuang Hebei People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoying An
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecules College of Chemistry and Materials Science Hebei Normal University Shijiazhuang Hebei People's Republic of China
| | - LanZhi Wang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecules College of Chemistry and Materials Science Hebei Normal University Shijiazhuang Hebei People's Republic of China
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Tao S, Bu Q, Shi Q, Wei D, Dai B, Liu N. Synthesis of Benzodiazepines Through Ring Opening/Ring Closure of Benzimidazole Salts. Chemistry 2020; 26:3252-3258. [PMID: 31950547 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201905828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Pyrido-benzodiazepine derivatives are undoubtedly one of the most important structural motifs in the marketed drugs and the drug candidates. Commonly synthetic methods for construction of the benzodiazepine ring derivatives are based on the condensation reactions of two highly functionalized synthons. The development of synthesis for these compounds, however, is hampered by the regioselectivity and atom economy. In this work, a one-step synthesis of pyrido-benzodiazepine backbones and its analogues is achieved through continuous ring-opening hydrolysis of benzimidazole salts and intramolecular C-H bond activation. The reaction mechanism is explored by control experiments and density functional theory (DFT) calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Tao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Chemical Engineering of Xinjiang Bingtuan, Shihezi University, 832003, Shihezi, P. R. China
| | - Qingqing Bu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Chemical Engineering of Xinjiang Bingtuan, Shihezi University, 832003, Shihezi, P. R. China
| | - Qianqian Shi
- College of Chemistry, Center of Computational Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, 450001, Zhengzhou, P. R. China
| | - Donghui Wei
- College of Chemistry, Center of Computational Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, 450001, Zhengzhou, P. R. China
| | - Bin Dai
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Chemical Engineering of Xinjiang Bingtuan, Shihezi University, 832003, Shihezi, P. R. China
| | - Ning Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Chemical Engineering of Xinjiang Bingtuan, Shihezi University, 832003, Shihezi, P. R. China
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7
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Sun YW, Bei YM, Wang LZ. A catalyst-free four-component domino reaction for the synthesis of functionalized 3-acyl-1,5-benzodiazepines. Org Biomol Chem 2019; 17:930-938. [PMID: 30629079 DOI: 10.1039/c8ob02903b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Various functional 3-acyl-1,5-benzodiazepines containing carboxyl, ester and acyl groups at the 2-position were synthesized via an efficient, sustainable and catalyst-free domino reaction. During the synthesis process, one new cycle and four new bonds (one C-C, two C-N and one C[double bond, length as m-dash]C) were constructed by the nucleophilic substitution, nucleophilic addition, dehydration and cyclization reaction by the H+ shift. Furthermore, a total of 26 examples were examined by reacting inexpensive starting materials of N,N-dimethylformamide dimethyl acetal, aromatic ketones, 1,2-phenylenediamine compounds and aldehyde derivatives. Therefore, it displayed a broad substrate scope, good functional group tolerance, high yields (77-97%) and the ease of obtaining target compounds without the involvement of toxic solvents and column chromatography, which provided a novel method for the synthesis of a wide variety of biologically relevant 1,5-benzodiazepines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue-Wei Sun
- College of Chemistry & Material Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, China.
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Chen S, Ravichandiran P, El-Harairy A, Queneau Y, Li M, Gu Y. 4-Aminoindoles as 1,4-bisnucleophiles for diversity-oriented synthesis of tricyclic indoles bearing 3,4-fused seven-membered rings. Org Biomol Chem 2019; 17:5982-5989. [DOI: 10.1039/c9ob01045a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
A straightforward access to tricyclic indoles bearing 3,4-fused seven-membered rings was established by using 4-aminoindoles as 1,4-bisnucleophiles in three-component reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaomin Chen
- Key Laboratory for Large-Format Battery Materials and System
- Ministry of Education
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology
- Wuhan
| | - Palanisamy Ravichandiran
- Key Laboratory for Large-Format Battery Materials and System
- Ministry of Education
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology
- Wuhan
| | - Ahmed El-Harairy
- Key Laboratory for Large-Format Battery Materials and System
- Ministry of Education
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology
- Wuhan
| | - Yves Queneau
- Institut de Chimie et Biochimie Moléculaires et Supramoléculaires
- Univ Lyon
- CNRS
- Université Lyon 1
- INSA Lyon
| | - Minghao Li
- Key Laboratory for Large-Format Battery Materials and System
- Ministry of Education
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology
- Wuhan
| | - Yanlong Gu
- Key Laboratory for Large-Format Battery Materials and System
- Ministry of Education
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology
- Wuhan
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